Kathia: Difference between revisions
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|ethnic_groups_year = 2015 | |ethnic_groups_year = 2015 | ||
|demonym = Kathic (most common), Kathian, Katho | |demonym = Kathic (most common), Kathian, Katho | ||
|government_type = [[wp:federal state|Federal]] [[wp:parliamentary system|parliamentary]] [[wp:constitutional monarchy| | |government_type = [[wp:federal state|Federal]] [[wp:parliamentary system|parliamentary]] [[wp:constitutional monarchy|constitutional Monarchy]] | ||
|leader_title1 = King<br>({{wpl|Head of Government}}) | |leader_title1 = King<br>({{wpl|Head of Government}}) | ||
|leader_name1 = [[Vaszare IV]] | |leader_name1 = [[Vaszare IV]] | ||
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|leader_name3 = [[Kithale Vourdac]] | |leader_name3 = [[Kithale Vourdac]] | ||
|legislature = [[Parliament of Kathia]] | |legislature = [[Parliament of Kathia]] | ||
|upper_house = | |upper_house = Upper Assembly | ||
|lower_house = | |lower_house = Common Assembly | ||
|sovereignty_type = Independence | |sovereignty_type = Independence | ||
|established_event1 = [[Kingdom of Kathia]] | |established_event1 = [[Kingdom of Kathia]] |
Revision as of 22:27, 31 January 2020
Kingdom of Kathia | |
---|---|
Motto: This I'll Defend | |
Anthem: State Anthem of the Kingdom of Kathia | |
Star of Kathia | |
File:Kath blank map.png | |
Capital | Ravonne |
Largest city | Monitava |
Official languages | Kathic |
Recognised regional languages | Laszian, Grothbordian |
Ethnic groups (2015) |
|
Demonym(s) | Kathic (most common), Kathian, Katho |
Government | Federal parliamentary constitutional Monarchy |
• King (Head of Government) | Vaszare IV |
Hamilcan Szeb | |
Kithale Vourdac | |
Legislature | Parliament of Kathia |
Upper Assembly | |
Common Assembly | |
Independence | |
907 AD | |
5 May, 1664 | |
4 September, 1788 | |
June 11, 1815 | |
• Third Kingdom | 20 April, 1947 |
Area | |
• | 3,961,525.5 km2 (1,529,553.5 sq mi) |
• Water (%) | 8.6% |
Population | |
• 2017 estimate | 94,584,984 |
• 2012 census | 92,490,762 |
• Density | [convert: invalid number] |
GDP (PPP) | 2015 estimate |
• Total | $3.6 trillion |
• Per capita | $39,000 |
Gini (2015) | 33 medium |
HDI (2015) | 0.944 very high |
Currency | Auroran Orys (Ↄ) |
Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
Driving side | right |
The Kingdom of Kathia (Kathic: Daregon ka Kāthka) is a wealthy, developed nation in Western Aurora. It is bordered by the Kathic Sea to the south. To the north it is bordered by Grothbord, and to the south east, Achysia. Kathia is a Federation of 19 Provinces along with 2 Autonomous Territories, Laszia and West Valentia. Approximately 92 million people live within the borders of Kathia, of which a majority (89%) are ethnically Kathic, while the other 11% are from other various cultures and ethnicities. Kathia has been inhabited for thousands of years, but the people who would eventually become Kathia came from Grothbord. Various independent Kingdoms would eventually rule over what is now Kathia until around 50 BCE when they were subsequently attacked by the expansionist Elyrian Empire. Kathia was ruled by the Elyrian Empire until around 40 CE when several revolts in what is now central Kathia revolted and successfully broke away. The coastal areas remained securely under Elyrian control until The Calamity.
For several centuries, Kathia was dominated by fragmented kingdoms and duchies. The Duke of Corava inherited the Kingdom of Ivadia in 908 AD and renamed his new Kingdom after the former Elyrian name, Kathia. The new Kingdom would slowly grow by way of marriage and conquest to take over much of Kathia and southern Grothbord, and by alliance founded the Confederation with Grothic states. This system lasted until Kathia was defeated by Daeron in 1644. Eventually, Kathia was liberated after his death by Miral the Great, who would declare Kathia and Empire and consolidate power and make the military a main institution in the nation. After losing a the War of Hijjmayan Independence, the Empire racked up a large amount of debt, and raised taxes on the peasantry. The irritated peasants revolted in 1786, and in 1788 the the Empire was over and the Republican forces took hold. After 2 decades of war, Kathia capitulated and Vaszare I was put into power. Kathia remained fairly peaceful throughout the 19th century, and emerged victorious from the First World War. It saw a humiliating defeat to Thrace in the second World War, and a military government headed by Acathe ce Vera was established to free Kathia from Autoctratism.
Today, Kathia is a highly developed and urbanized nation with a GDP of 3.4 trillion, it remains one of the richest nations in the world. Kathia also has a high human development index, and its people are on average some of the most well off. Kathia is a leading member of the Auroran Community, as well a member of the World Concordat Security Council. It also possess one of the largest military budgets in the world and is also recognized as a nuclear weapons possessing state, with around 700 warheads. Today, Kathia is characterized as a representative democracy, wherein the monarch serves in a ceremonial position. It can also be characterized by its 21 provinces, who are federated members of the kingdom.
History
Early Period
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Elyrian Rule
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Tarillian Rebelion
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Confederation of Kathic and Grothic States
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Later Confederate Years and Daeron
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Kathic Empire
In response to the Kingdom's defeat at the hands of Daeron, Queen Miral announced the foundation of the Kathic Empire on June 1, 1657. The Empire took on a more Autocratic approach, with the military becoming increasing integrated in the monarchy, as well as becoming a full professional army unlike the one defeated by Daeron years earlier. Most Lords lost their position in society as power was increasingly given to the monarch.
Kathic Revolution
Following years of economic decline and a loss in prestige following the defeat in the Valentian War, unrest began to grow among the lower classes. Republican ideals had slowly spread by way of illegal publications since the 1730s with the advent of groups dedicated to establishing a citizen led government. By the end of the war, these publications began to spread like wildfire. The most vocal critic was Loural Bourszane, who was eventually sent into exile in Valdoria in 1781. The Imperial Security Force struggled to stop and sabotage these publications, which were usually just pamphlets. However, on 21 July, 1788 a fire broke out at a publishing house in Atoivale which killed 7 and the Imperial Security Force was quickly blamed. A small riot broke out that night, and many more joined. The city garrison struggled to contain the riots, and many officers even joined. By the end of the 22nd of July, nearly all soldiers in the garrison had joined the riots. The news outraged Emperor Louin XVI who demanded that the riots be put down. However, a large contingent of the military had already been influenced by the Republicans, and more riots began to spring up.
Civil War and Republican Wars
On the 29 July, Loural Bourszane declared a Provisional Republic of Kathia with himself as president. Large contingents of the military pledged allegiance and soon half of Kathia was in rebellion. A provisional government was set up in Mourvile, Avinna. A constitution was drawn up and, among other important steps, established the equal rights of all people no matter their class and declared the Republic to be a secular state. Imperial hardliners were outraged at this declaration, the Emperor sought to have the revolution put down with all forces necessary rather than negotiate. By September the entire coastline had been taken by the revolutionaries, and soon after the fall of Savau the Republican armies were at the gates of Corava. The Seige of Corava began on the 9 September, 1788 and lasted a month.
Industrial Era
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World Wars
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Cold War
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Contemporary Period
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Geography
The geographical features of Kathia vary, from forests and plains in the south to mountains in the north. It also boasts a lot of lakes, rivers, and streams. Kathia is about 3,961,525.5 km2, and 8.6% of it is water. Half of Kathia is covered by the Alpine mountains in the north.
Kathia is part of the Auroran Continent, and has some of the most beautiful and diverse climates of any nation. Kathia's border with Grothbord lies along the Alpjne mountains. Kathia also has Aurora tallest mountain, Mont Blanc. In the Central-Western Region of Kathia, the Cavordans Range rises to nearly 10,000 feet above sea level. The rest of Kathia is a fertile plain, with numerous rivers flowing towards the Elyrian Sea creating one the most fertile area on Earth. Many parts of the country were raised during various tectonic uplifts. The Cavordans are the youngest range, while the Vanna Massif the the oldest range.
Lakes
Rivers and Streams
Wildlife and Environment
Kathia is situated in Western Aurora and has a very diverse ecology with thousands of flowering and vascular plants. It varies in animal species, with around 307 mammal species, 643 bird species, 392 reptile species, and 258 amphibian species. Some species can only be found in certain areas, such as the Alpine Mountains Wolf which only roams in the Callau Mountains National Park, while most bird species can be found all over the nation. The Royal Fish and Wildlife Service protects around 233 species of animals, and runs 76 national parks in the nation. The Kathic Fish and Wildlife Service is overseen and run by the Royal Ministry of the Environment.
There are 76 National Parks in Kathia, consisting of 6.34% of the total land area of the nation. The largest is Apline Mountains National Park (Parc Naşional de Montages Alpines), with 30,401 square kilometers of untamed land. The nation has highly prioritized the environment since the early 1900s, and since then the government has made sure to protect the nation's environment. Because of these Environmental policies, the nation is consistently ranked with one of the top environments, having founded National Parks since 1833. The largest of such National Parks, Apline Mountains National Park.
Administrative Regions
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Provinces
See Also: Provinces of Kathia
For centuries, Kathia was a centralized state. This was very much the case during the Empire where the monarch exercised nearly unlimited control. However, things changed under the Republic, where provinces were established based on the historical regions of Kathia. This Federated system was implemented when the Monarchy was restored in 1815, and a few new provinces were established at this time as well. Since 1815, Laszia and West Valentia have not been counted as provinces but rather as their own Autonomous regions with greater control over their own internal affairs.
There are currently 19 Federal Provinces in the Kingdom of Kathia, and populations vary from 11 million in Caliszava to just over 1 million in many Northern Provinces. The South of Kathia is far more populous, containing well over half of the population of Kathia. Many new immigrants tend to settle in the major populations centers in the south as well.
Voting districts for the Assembly are based on Provincial populations, and change every census.
Departments
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Palais District
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Demographics
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Government and Politics
See Also: Parliament of Kathia
Kathia is a Federal Constitutional Monarchy. The Royal Kathic Government is headed by the King or Queen who has, since 1848 served as the ceremonial head of government. The monarch has no actual real authority besides the right to give titles and privileges, the right to open parliament, the power to grant a pardon for criminal offenses, grant ceremonial titles, the ability to dissolve parliament at the request of the Prime Minister, and to command the armed forces. The current monarch is King Vaszare IV, who has reigned since 1974 and is now one of the longest reigning monarchs in Kathic history. Upon the death of the reigning monarch, his/her designated successor takes the throne. The Prime Minister, on the other hand, holds significant power in the countries affairs.
Kathia is headed by a parliament, that was established in the aftermath of the Republican Wars in 1815. the Parliament is tasked with making laws. Parliament is headed by the Prime Minister, who is chosen by members within the Party Coalition prior to an election. The Prime Minister is subject to the confidence of Parliament, and may be removed following a vote of no-confidence (The only prime minister was Gustava Deval in 1924). The current Prime Minister is Hamilcan Szeb, who has governed since 1607. The longest serving Prime Minister was Theron Landac, who governed from 1562-1582.
The Upper Assembly is formed by 3 Members from each province, with 63 members in the Assembly making it considerably smaller than the Common Assembly which as 402 members. The number of seats in both houses is fixed, however the number of seats in the Upper Assembly is limited by the number of provinces, while the number of seats in the Common Assembly can be increased by the Common Assembly each census if it wishes to do so. The last time the number of seats was increased was after the 1592 Census to the current 402 seats. Each seat in the common assembly constitutes around 23,000 people, and each province is entitled at least 4 members, meaning that the more populous provinces are underrepresented.
Law and Law Enforcement
Military
See: Royal Kathic Armed Forces
The Armed Forces of Kathia contain four main branches- The Royal Army, Royal Air Force, Royal Navy, and the Royal Marines. The Royal Kathic Armed Forces are one of the largest in Aurora and have the largest global presence compared to it's neighbors. The Royal Army is the largest branch, with about 550,000 people, many of which are stationed in overseas bases. The Royal Air Force fields over 1,000 fighters and also commands the nations nuclear arsenal of about 1,000 warheads. The Royal Navy is also large, with 5 nuclear air craft carriers. The Royal Marines field about 75,000 troops. The Gendarmerie, the Military Police, is also a branch of the Armed Forces.
The Royal Kathic Army has been in existence since 617 AD, making it one of the oldest armed forces still in existence. It had deep roots with the monarchy until the fall of the Kathic Empire in 1815. The Army has operated, since it's founding, on every continent in one conflict or another. Until 1800, the army was mostly made up of peasants looking to raise their status in society. It was reformed by Hatheron in 1800 to become a professional military and has remained that way ever since.
The Royal Kathic Navy is one of the largest and most active in the world. It is the most active naval force in the Elyrian Sea, and one of the most active in the Allonian Sea. It has many overseas bases, with the largest on the Bir Taviq Islands. With it's 5 air craft carriers and numerous destroyers, cruisers, and nuclear submarines, it is one the largest in the world and one of the largest in Aurora.
The Royal Kathic Air Force is the second largest branch in the Royal Kathic Armed Forces, and has around 700 fighter aircraft. The Air Force also controls Kathia's nuclear arsenal, which is one of the largest in the world with around 700 warheads.
Foreign Affairs
Economy
Kathia is a high income country, with a GDP per capita of $37,000. Kathia has an extensive mix of private and public companies. Between 1968 and 1987 public and government owned companies dominated the nation until the 1989. economic crises that resulted in the government selling off many of the companies to private investors. These companies included Air Kathia, Kathicom, as well as many banking, insurance, and defense companies. Healthcare services are still mostly government funded and owned. Banking and financial services are an important part of the economy. The Imperial Bank of Vydau and the Bank of Kathia are two of the world's largest banks. Evas is one of the largest insurance companies maintaining a presence on most continents. Due to it's vast and large fertile plains, Kathia is a large agriculture exporter. It has one of the largest automotive industries, as well as the civilian division of Airbus where the A320, A330, A350, and A380 are assembled.
The service sector comprises of 73% of the economy, with industry making up around 21%, and agriculture makes 2% of the economy as a whole. Unemployment is low and is as of recent started a decline and is now down to 3.9%, due to job creation in the past year. The Royal Ministry of Education's funds provide free education from ages 5 to college, as such most Kathians are considered to be skilled workers. Many companies hire people from other lower income/poorer nations for unskilled labor jobs. This has been criticized but many see it as a necessity due to the lack of unskilled native Kathic workers. Kathia also recieves a large foreign direct investment. This is mainly due to a vast tourist economy, low corruption, as well as being a high income country.
Kathia has a near equal trade balance. It is one of the world's biggest exporting nations, and many exports include financial services and banking, fashion products, software, aerospace products and components, arms, automobiles, civil nuclear technology, raw materials, electronic hardware, and pharmaceuticals. Many major imports include crude oil, uranium, various metals, electronics, automobiles, and plastics.
Kathia's currency is the Auroran Orys, which is a shared currency between nations of the Auroran Community. The Orys is regulated by the Auroran Central Bank.
Energy
Energy in Kathia is mostly nuclear and is generated by Royal Electricity. Nuclear power expanded dramatically in the 1970s, and by 1990 Kathia was the first nation to produce more than 50% of its total power by nuclear means. Today, 85% of Kathia's power is generated from its 76 nuclear power plants and a further 11% is generated by other sources of renewable energy. Among the nations in the AC, Kathia has the lowest output of carbon emissions. Continued expansion of nuclear energy has been a policy of Hamilcan Szeb, who stated in 2019 that Kathia will source 95% of its energy from nuclear power by 2035, and 100% on renewable energy that same year as well with continued expansion of solar and wind farms.
Power in Kathia is supplied by the Royal Power Corporation, who runs the nuclear power stations.
Transport
There are 48,766 km of railway in Kathia, making it one of the most expansive rail networks in Aurora. It is operated by SFRK, the state owned railway company. A large portion of the rail network is highspeed rail, wich runs the TGV, and also carries Aurostar and Thalys trains. SFRK is technically a division of the Ministry of Transportation, which oversees and is responsible for maintenance, construction, and planning of the nation's rail network. Despite the entire passenger network being a state owned monopoly, rail freight is not owned by the State, but is rather run by private corporations such as Cargo Kathiş, Comptra, and Trak. About 13.5 million people used the rail network in 2016, and over 25 million tonnes of freight were carried by train.
Of the 406 airports in Kathia, 7 are considered major airports, Acathe ce Vera International Airport, Ravonne-Vourlau Airport Monitava-Vourane International Airport, Lavala-Landac International Airport, Vydau International Airport, Vorhafven International Airport, and St. Illic International Airport. The busiest being Acathe ce Vera international, with over 68 million passengers handled in 2015. This is followed by Monitava Airport, with 61 million passengers handled in 2015. The national flag carrier is Air Kathia, but budget airlines make up a substantial amount of travellers carried inside Kathia and Aurora, with the major budget airlines being Aurorair and AirRosa.
The largest port in Kathia is the Port of Moniteau, followed closly by the port of Cijao in East Valentia.
There are 1,027,183 kilometres of road available in Kathia, making it the most extensive in Aurora. Virtually all Autoroutes begin in the Ravonne region and connect to virtually the entire nation and subsequently all of Aurora. With Kathia being a major block and stepping stone to the east and west of Aurora, it handles a lot of international road traffic from both directions. Most of the roads are owned by the state, and maintained by the provinces they are in. Most of the road budget is paid for via tolls on the Autoroutes. Kathia has a large auto industry, with it's own brands making up more than 53% of car sales in the country; Iszada (21% of cars sold in Kathia), Savaeu (18%), Vernou (14%), it also has three major luxury brands Reva, Avima. Kathia has the Acæveca Viaduct, the world's tallest bridge. As of 2015, there were 76 million privately owned vehicles in Kathia.
Resources
Science and Technology
Tourism
Demographics
With 92.4 million people, Kathia is one of the most populous nations in the world. It is the second most populous in Aurora, behind Thrace. Kathia is an outlier in terms of natural births, with a fertility rate of 2.01.
The most populous group, at 89%, is the Kathic People. Most Kathics descend from a Grothbordians who fled what is now Grothbord and the Far North of Kathia after The Calamity, which caused widespread crop failures and starvation in their lands. The conquored and settled in what is now Central Kathia, and intermingled with the Elyrians and adopted many of parts of the culture and customs as well as introducing their own customs, creating the Early Kathic culture and language.
Kathia also has a large and growing immigrant population, mainly from former colonies and developing nations in Dihara and Tarsis. A majority of the new population growth in Kathia over the next 40 years is expected to come from immigrants rather than native Kathics. The population is expected to reach 100 million by 2035, and the immigrant population is expected to make up over 17% of the total population by then.
Ethnic Groups
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Major Cities
See Also: Provinces of Kathia
Rank | Provinces of Kathia | Pop. | Rank | Provinces of Kathia | Pop. | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Monitava Ravonne |
1 | Monitava | Ivadia | 3,857,991 | 11 | Mænna | Ivadia | 256,382 | Lavala Vare |
2 | Ravonne | Ravonne Province | 2,725,316 | 12 | St. Mauric | Brezantia | 249,489 | ||
3 | Lavala | Ivadia | 853,459 | 13 | Kavæn | Vouszau | 240,135 | ||
4 | Vare | Vouszau | 600,533 | 14 | Layone | Vinthale | 225,129 | ||
5 | Racila | Cavordans | 510,434 | 15 | Kourvan | Maszale | 223,589 | ||
6 | Vydau | Maszale | 509,334 | 16 | Keval | Vouszau | 214,599 | ||
7 | Sourvau | Brezantia | 327,394 | 17 | Kavetha | Ivadia | 215,331 | ||
8 | Vorhafven | Laszia | 301,578 | 18 | Vourane | Maszale | 212,391 | ||
9 | Mourvile | Avinna | 292,834 | 19 | Ecavæl | Ivadia | 210,576 | ||
10 | St. Illic | Illicia | 273,438 | 20 | Læcava | Vouszau | 208,721 |
Language
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Religion
The current constitution of Kathia grants freedom of religion, and states that Kathia is a secular nation with separation of church and state. However, a large majority of Kathics (77%) still consider themselves religious or at least spiritual. In the 2012 Kathic Census, 58% of people stated they belonged to a Vayonist Church, 4% belonged to an Ardamist church, 12% other, with 26% with either no preference or stating they were atheist.
Vayonism has been the dominant religion in Kathia for more than a millenium. A majority of the religious buildings and institutions in Kathia are linked to the Vayonist Church. With the Kathic Revolution, the clergy was removed from their previous position of power within the nation, and the Republic declared itself secular with the 1793 Constitution. Since then, Kathia has remained secular, but the church still holds sway in many people's lives.
Kathia has a sizable Ardamist majority, with 4% of people stating they adhere to it. A large majority of those who follow Ardamism come from former Kathic colonies such as Zimbaya.
Health
Healthcare in Kathia can be divided into two sectors: Public and Private. The Government offers insurance for those whose companies do not offer it or those that can not afford private insurance. Government premiums generally cost no more than $110 per month. People under the age of 18 are covered, by law, by their parent's premiums and can continue to be covered by their parent's plan until they are 25. Once people reach the age of 25, they must have some sort of health insurance either provided by their employer or the government.
Private companies must offer core universal care package, which includes the cost of prescription medicines. There can be no cost differences between young or old, healthy or sick. It is illegal in Kathia for insurers to refuse someone health insurance based on health or age alone. However, if a company falls into the "small business" bracket or its revenue is below a certain amount, it is not required to offer insurance to its employees.
Education
Education in Kathia is free from ages 6 or 7 through ages 17 or 18. Education is divided into three tiers: Primary education through 5th Grade, Secondary education through 12th Grade, and higher education at the university level. Students are required to complete Primary and Secondary levels of education.
Each province manages their own education systems for Primary and Secondary education systems. As such, teacher pay and quality of education can vary between provinces. Homeschooling was allowed in Kathia until 2013, and before it was outlawed, just under 2% of children were homeschooled. From 18 months to age 4 or 5, children may be enrolled in state-sponsored pre-schools where children can learn numbers, get a basic grasp on language, and lear socialization skills. Approximately 80-85% of students were enrolled in a pre-school program in 2016. Around the age of 5 or 6, students transfer to elementary school until the age of 11-12, when the transfer to secondary education.
Upon completing secondary education at age 17 or 18, students have the option of attending a four year university. University in Kathia is not free, however the state will cover most of the cost of university through taxes and grants, and most provinces have programs for tuition assistance. The average university student pays no more than ₭2,200 for in-province tuition, and no more than ₭3,400 per semester. Meals and rooms are provided by universities for free, however most universities have other meal options from chain restaurants that are not free. Each province has it's own University system, however there are many Private Universities which can be more expensive. The government will help students in covering much of the cost of attending private universities, however the average cost per semester is much more on average at around ₭5,000.
Culture
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Art
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Cuisine
Kathic cuisine is renowned for being one of the finest in the world. Dishes differ by region, with more hearty meals such as meat and beef in the North and Central parts of Kathia, while seafood is quite popular in the Elyrian Sea provinces. Kathia is renowned for its wine. Viticulture has long been a part of the Kathic identity since long before the Elyrians arrived.
A meal will usually consist of an entree, main course, and either a cheese plate or dessert (or sometimes both). An entree can either be some sort of soup, sandwich, or tapas (more common in the South of Kathia). While the main course can be steak frites, a stew, or fish. Many dishes are well suited for home cooking, which makes Kathic dishes popular worldwide.
Many popular dishes include Crepes, various stews and soups, crumbrolls and Kathic turnovers. Kathia is also renowned for its pasteries, cheeses, and bread. Kathic people are also one of the largest consumers of coffee.
Architecture
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Literature
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Fashion
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Sport
Popular sports played in Kathia include football, swimming, tennis, martial arts, and rugby.
Kathia has a close association with the modern Olympic games, aristocrate Jean de Coubirralle who suggested the games revival at the end of the 19th century. After (unknown city) hosted the 1896 games, Ravonne hosted the 1900 Olympic Games. Kathia also successfully hosted the 1924 Summer games in Ravona, 1924 Winter games Viminau, 1968 winter games in Atroiva, and the 1992 winter olympics in Leaville. Kathia will also host the 2022 Winter games in Vydau. The country has historically been both a summer and winter games powerhouse.
Association football, rugby, and swimming are the three main popular spots. Football has around 2.3 million participants, while rugby has around 1 million participants. Swimming has over 800,000 in the country. The national football club is one of the most successful, as is the national rugby club. Kathia has usually dominated in swimming around the globe. Kathia hosts the Moniteau Open, one of four Grand Slam Tennis tournaments. The most common types of martial arts is Savate and Fencing. College sports also draw in large audiences, and are used as a way for colleges to draw in both money and boost enrollment.