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| colorcode = #2F2B66
| colorcode = #2F2B66
| leader = [[Donatella Rossetti]]
| leader = [[Donatella Rossetti]]
| deputy_leader =
| president =
| chairman =
| general_secretary =
| first_secretary =
| secretary_general =
| presidium =
| secretary =
| spokesperson =
| foundation = 1908
| foundation = 1908
| dissolved = 1939
| dissolved = 1939
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| position = {{wpl|Centre-left politics|Centre-left}}
| position = {{wpl|Centre-left politics|Centre-left}}
| colours = {{color box|#2F2B66|border=darkgray}} Dark purple
| colours = {{color box|#2F2B66|border=darkgray}} Dark purple
| headquarters =
| international =
| website =
| country = [[Alscia]]
| country = [[Alscia]]
}}
}}
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The '''Popular Progressive Front''' ({{wpl|Italian language|Italian}}: ''Fronte Popolare Progressista'', abbreviated '''FPP''') was a {{wpl|political alliance}} of parties in [[Alscia]].
The '''Popular Progressive Front''' ({{wpl|Italian language|Italian}}: ''Fronte Popolare Progressista'', abbreviated '''FPP''') was a {{wpl|political alliance}} of parties in [[Alscia]].


Led by [[Donatella Rossetti]], the FPP governed Alscia from its incorporation into the [[Cacertian Empire]] to its dissolution by joining the [[Free Territories (Gylias)|Free Territories]]. It had a dominant position in Alscian politics, and had an impact on [[Politics of Gylias|Gylian politics]] through its precedent-setting nature and embodiment of [[Donatellism]].
Led by [[Donatella Rossetti]], the FPP [[Donatella Rossetti government|governed]] Alscia from its incorporation into the [[Cacertian Empire]] to its dissolution by joining the [[Free Territories (Gylias)|Free Territories]]. It had a dominant position in Alscian politics, and had an impact on [[Politics of Gylias|Gylian politics]] through its precedent-setting nature and embodiment of [[Donatellism]].


==History==
==History==
Line 41: Line 29:
The Cacertian authorities pursued a policy of rapid organisation and creation of {{wpl|responsible government}}, setting up the [[Alscia#Legislative Council|Legislative Council]] and scheduling elections for April 1908. Several leading Gylian parties, dating to the [[Gylian revolution of 1848|1848 revolution]] and [[Glorious Rebellion]], as well as other newer ones, registered for the election.
The Cacertian authorities pursued a policy of rapid organisation and creation of {{wpl|responsible government}}, setting up the [[Alscia#Legislative Council|Legislative Council]] and scheduling elections for April 1908. Several leading Gylian parties, dating to the [[Gylian revolution of 1848|1848 revolution]] and [[Glorious Rebellion]], as well as other newer ones, registered for the election.


The election was transformed shortly before campaigning began, when [[Donatella Rossetti]] became the leader of the {{G-NUP}}. A previously unknown figure, Donatella quickly established herself as the frontrunner, electrifying the campaign. She negotiated a coalition of the main liberal and left parties, masterminding the fusion of two parties into the {{G-PRRA}} in the process, and campaigned vigorously.
The election was transformed shortly before campaigning began, when [[Donatella Rossetti]] became the leader of the {{G-NUP}}. A previously unknown figure, Donatella quickly established herself as the frontrunner, electrifying the campaign. She negotiated a coalition of the main liberal and left parties, and campaigned vigorously.


The FPP won a majority of {{wpl|first-preference votes}} in the 1908 election, and 60 out of 70 Council seats.
The FPP won a majority of {{wpl|first-preference votes}} in the [[Alscian general election, 1908|1908 election]], and 60 out of 70 Council seats.


===In government===
===In government===
Throughout the province's lifespan, the FPP enjoyed supermajorities in the Legislative Council, and faced limited opposition, generally from independents. Member parties broadly agreed on a {{wpl|social liberalism|socially liberal}} and {{wpl|economic interventionism|economically interventionist}} [[Alscia#Government policy|course]], with differences being a matter of degree and policy details.
Throughout the province's lifespan, the FPP enjoyed supermajorities in the Legislative Council, and faced limited opposition. Member parties broadly agreed on a {{wpl|social liberalism|socially liberal}} and {{wpl|economic interventionism|economically interventionist}} [[Alscia#Government policy|course]], with differences being a matter of degree and policy details.


As a {{wpl|grand coalition}}, the FPP practically achieved the widest appeal among voters. The leftist {{G-SP/meta/shortname}} and {{G-SDP/meta/shortname}} represented the interests of workers, the {{G-PRRA/meta/shortname}} appealed to the reformist middle classes and intelligentsia, while the pragmatic tack of the {{G-NUP/meta/shortname}} and {{G-NLP/meta/shortname}} attracted the wealthy and [[Hannah Edelstein|Hannaist]] [[Conservatism in Gylias|conservatives]]. With majorities all but guaranteed by their wide base of support, significant internal competition took place to influence the coalition's overall direction, with the SP and SDP playing the role of a {{wpl|ginger group}}.
As a {{wpl|grand coalition}}, the FPP practically achieved the widest appeal among voters. The leftist {{G-SP/meta/shortname}} and {{G-SDP/meta/shortname}} represented the interests of workers, the {{G-PRRA/meta/shortname}} appealed to the reformist middle classes and intelligentsia, while the pragmatic tack of the {{G-NUP/meta/shortname}} and {{G-NLP/meta/shortname}} attracted the wealthy and [[Conservatism in Gylias#Hannaism|Hannaist]] [[Conservatism in Gylias|conservatives]]. With majorities all but guaranteed by their wide base of support, significant internal competition took place to influence the coalition's overall direction, with the SP and SDP playing the role of a {{wpl|ginger group}}.


Due to its rapid formation and rise to power, Donatella's personality and charisma served as the glue that held the FPP together. In practice, its parties' functioning was based on an uneasy balance between principle and personality. There remained sufficient consistency in Donatella's thought and action to produce [[Donatellism|a coherent ideology]], while the [[Alscia#Society|social and intellectual ferment]] of the province also gave rise to the [[Alscian school]] of economics, which provided further foundations for FPP strength.
Due to its rapid formation and rise to power, Donatella's personality and charisma served as the glue that held the FPP together. In practice, its parties' functioning was based on an uneasy balance between principle and personality. There remained sufficient consistency in Donatella's thought and action to produce [[Donatellism|a coherent ideology]], refined and completed by the contributions of ''[[Risveglio Nazionale]]''.


Historian [[Herta Schwamen]] describes the FPP as controlling the "{{wpl|Commanding heights of the economy|commanding heights}}" of Alscian public life. It was less dominant at the [[Alscia#Administrative divisions|local level]], where the SP and SDP were stronger and pursued a {{wpl|municipal socialism|municipal socialist}} course. Alscia's role as the centre of Gylian intellectual life and dissemination of radical ideologies to Gylians in Xevden contributed to the rise of new political forces, including [[Ruvelka]]-inspired communists, [[Meᵹelan|Megelan]]-inspired Futurists, [[Anarchism in Gylias|market anarchists]], and others. Nevertheless, Donatella's towering personality and shrewd coalition building remained constant, helping the FPP absorb popular ideas and elements from their competition.
Historian [[Herta Schwamen]] describes the FPP as controlling the "{{wpl|Commanding heights of the economy|commanding heights}}" of Alscian public life. It was less dominant at the [[List of Alscian local elections|local level]], where the [[Party of Freedom|PdL]] won pluralities, and the SP and SDP were stronger and pursued a {{wpl|municipal socialism|municipal socialist}} course.  
 
Alscia's role as the centre of Gylian intellectual life and dissemination of radical ideologies to Gylians in Xevden contributed to the rise of new political forces, including the [[Communist Party of Alscia|PCA]], [[Futurist Party of Alscia|PFA]], [[Anarchism in Gylias|market anarchists]], and others. Nevertheless, Donatella's towering personality and shrewd coalition building remained constant, helping the FPP absorb popular ideas and elements from their competition.
 
[[Valentina Potenza]], in her capacity as the creator of ''[[il palazzo]]'', pushed for the FPP to function like a {{wpl|political machine}} and to "steal" popular ideas in order to marginalise the opposition.


===Legacy===
===Legacy===
Cacerta's withdrawal from Alscia, when the [[Liberation War (Gylias)|Liberation War]] had started, led to a referendum in which Alscians voted to join the [[Free Territories (Gylias)|Free Territories]] in 1939. In joining the Free Territories, Alscia ceased to exist, and with it the FPP.
The [[dissolution of the Cacertian Empire]] led to [[Alscian sovereignty referendum, 1939|a referendum]] in which Alscians voted to join the [[Free Territories (Gylias)|Free Territories]] in 1939. In joining the Free Territories, Alscia ceased to exist, and with it the FPP.


The FPP had a significant impact on Gylian politics. As the first modern political alliance to govern the first Gylian polity to endure since the [[Colonisation War]], it set significant precedents for Gylian politics: left–liberal unity, establishing a [[Donatellism|muscular liberalism]] as the foundation of Gylian liberalism, fueling the [[Alscia#The "hurried province"|aggressive modernisation of Alscia]], and promoting previously excluded minorities (women, {{wpl|LGBT people}}, [[Gylic peoples|Gylics]] and [[Demographics of Gylias#Ethnic groups and languages|non-Gylics]]) to office, among others. Its policies were instrumental in the realisation of the later [[Gylian consensus]].
The FPP had a significant impact on Gylian politics. As the first modern political alliance to govern the first Gylian polity to endure since the [[Colonisation War]], it set significant precedents for Gylian politics: left–liberal unity, establishing a [[Donatellism|muscular liberalism]] as the foundation of [[Liberalism in Gylias|Gylian liberalism]], fueling the [[Alscia#The "hurried province"|aggressive modernisation of Alscia]], and promoting previously excluded minorities (women, {{wpl|LGBT people}}, [[Gylic peoples|Gylics]] and [[Demographics of Gylias#Ethnic groups and languages|non-Gylics]]) to office, among others. Its policies were instrumental in the realisation of the later [[Gylian consensus]].


Together with Donatella's far-reaching influence on politics and society, the FPP were pioneers of modern political campaigning, and brought many important politicians and public figures to prominence, who would go on to serve in the Free Territories. The experience of the FPP was a practical predecessor to the {{wpl|popular front}} strategy pursued by the anarchists of the Free Territories, as well as the {{wpl|electoral bloc}}s that would come to characterise Gylian politics — trends that would culminate in the long-lasting {{G-PA/meta/shortname}}–{{G-LU/meta/shortname}} alliance.  
Together with Donatella's far-reaching influence on politics and society, the FPP were pioneers of modern political campaigning, and brought many important politicians and public figures to prominence, who would go on to serve in the Free Territories. The experience of the FPP was a practical predecessor to the {{wpl|popular front}} strategy pursued by the anarchists of the Free Territories, as well as the {{wpl|electoral bloc}}s that would come to characterise Gylian politics — trends that would culminate in the long-lasting {{G-PA/meta/shortname}}–{{G-LU/meta/shortname}} alliance.  
Line 74: Line 66:
|{{G-SP}}
|{{G-SP}}
|SP
|SP
|{{wpl|Socialism}}
|[[Socialism in Gylias|Socialism]]
|-
|-
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|
|{{G-SDP}}
|{{G-SDP}}
|SDP
|SDP
|{{wpl|Social democracy}}
|[[Socialism in Gylias|Social democracy]]
|-
|-
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|
|{{G-NUP}}
|{{G-NUP}}
|NUP
|NUP
|{{wpl|National liberalism}}
|[[Liberalism in Gylias|National liberalism]]
|-
|-
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|
|{{G-NLP}}
|{{G-NLP}}
|NLP
|NLP
|{{wpl|Social liberalism}}
|[[Liberalism in Gylias|Social liberalism]]
|-
|-
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|
Line 98: Line 90:


==Symbols==
==Symbols==
The FPP used a dark purple colour, emphasising Donatella's central role in its identity, and the symbol of a wheel held by a pair of hands, symbolising progress.
The FPP used a dark purple colour, emphasising Donatella's central role in its identity, and the symbol of a wheel held by a pair of hands, symbolising progress. The wheel also resembled [[Alscia#Symbols|Alscia's seal]].


==Election results==
==Election results==


===Legislative Council of Alscia===
===Legislative Council of Alscia===
{|class=wikitable
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center; font-size: 80%;"
|-
|-
!Election
!Election
Line 112: Line 104:
!Government
!Government
|-
|-
!1908
![[Alscian general election, 1908|1908]]
|141.073
|201.532
|64,2%
|64,2%
|{{Composition bar|hex=#2F2B66|60|70}}
|{{Composition bar|hex=#2F2B66|60|70}}
|{{increase}} 60
|{{increase}} 60
|{{yes|Majority}}
|{{yes|[[Donatella Rossetti government|Majority]]}}
|-
|-
!1912
![[Alscian general election, 1912|1912]]
|214.484
|306.405
|65,6%
|65,6%
|{{Composition bar|hex=#2F2B66|65|70}}
|{{Composition bar|hex=#2F2B66|65|70}}
|{{increase}} 5
|{{increase}} 5
|{{yes|Majority}}
|{{yes|[[Donatella Rossetti government|Majority]]}}
|-
|-
!1916
![[Alscian general election, 1916|1916]]
|283.456
|404.938
|65,7%
|65,7%
|{{Composition bar|hex=#2F2B66|64|70}}
|{{Composition bar|hex=#2F2B66|64|70}}
|{{decrease}} 1
|{{decrease}} 1
|{{yes|Majority}}
|{{yes|[[Donatella Rossetti government|Majority]]}}
|-
|-
!1920
![[Alscian general election, 1920|1920]]
|344.694
|492.420
|66,2%
|66,2%
|{{Composition bar|hex=#2F2B66|66|70}}
|{{Composition bar|hex=#2F2B66|66|70}}
|{{increase}} 2
|{{increase}} 2
|{{yes|Majority}}
|{{yes|[[Donatella Rossetti government|Majority]]}}
|-
|-
!1924
![[Alscian general election, 1924|1924]]
|383.020
|547.172
|65,9%
|65,9%
|{{Composition bar|hex=#2F2B66|63|70}}
|{{Composition bar|hex=#2F2B66|63|70}}
|{{decrease}} 3
|{{decrease}} 3
|{{yes|Majority}}
|{{yes|[[Donatella Rossetti government|Majority]]}}
|-
|-
!1928
![[Alscian general election, 1928|1928]]
|428.090
|610.636
|66,4%
|66,3%
|{{Composition bar|hex=#2F2B66|68|70}}
|{{Composition bar|hex=#2F2B66|68|70}}
|{{increase}} 5
|{{increase}} 5
|{{yes|Majority}}
|{{yes|[[Donatella Rossetti government|Majority]]}}
|-
|-
!1932
![[Alscian general election, 1932|1932]]
|438.816
|626.880
|60,1%
|60,1%
|{{Composition bar|hex=#2F2B66|62|70}}
|{{Composition bar|hex=#2F2B66|62|70}}
|{{decrease}} 6
|{{decrease}} 6
|{{yes|Majority}}
|{{yes|[[Donatella Rossetti government|Majority]]}}
|-
|-
!1936
![[Alscian general election, 1936|1936]]
|471.001
|672.858
|58,7%
|58,7%
|{{Composition bar|hex=#2F2B66|61|70}}
|{{Composition bar|hex=#2F2B66|61|70}}
|{{decrease}} 1
|{{decrease}} 1
|{{yes|Majority}}
|{{yes|[[Donatella Rossetti government|Majority]]}}
|}
|}
===Local elections===
The FPP alliance was not in effect in ''consigli comunali'' and ''giunte comunali'', although member parties tended to cooperate based on the provincial precedent. The election results are shown for the member parties separately.
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center; font-size: 80%;"
|-
!rowspan=3|Election
!colspan=3|{{G-SP/meta/shortname}}
!colspan=3|{{G-SDP/meta/shortname}}
!colspan=3|{{G-NUP/meta/shortname}}
!colspan=3|{{G-NLP/meta/shortname}}
!colspan=3|{{G-PRRA/meta/shortname}}
|-
|colspan=3 style="background:{{G-SP/meta/color}}"|
|colspan=3 style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|
|colspan=3 style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|
|colspan=3 style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|
|colspan=3 style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|
|-
!{{abbr|FPV|First preference votes}}
!%
!{{abbr|Con|Councillors}}
!{{abbr|FPV|First preference votes}}
!%
!{{abbr|Con|Councillors}}
!{{abbr|FPV|First preference votes}}
!%
!{{abbr|Con|Councillors}}
!{{abbr|FPV|First preference votes}}
!%
!{{abbr|Con|Councillors}}
!{{abbr|FPV|First preference votes}}
!%
!{{abbr|Con|Councillors}}
|-
![[List of Alscian local elections#1908|1908]]
|32.650
|10,2%
|style="background:{{G-SP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''37'''
|34.890
|10,9%
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''37'''
|48.014
|15,0%
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|'''52'''
|37.131
|11,6%
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|'''41'''
|24.007
|7,5%
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|'''20'''
|-
![[List of Alscian local elections#1910|1910]]
|43.100
|10,5%
|style="background:{{G-SP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''37'''
|43.921
|10,7%
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''37'''
|60.750
|14,8%
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|'''50'''
|50.078
|12,2%
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|'''40'''
|31.607
|7,7%
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|'''25'''
|-
![[List of Alscian local elections#1912|1912]]
|48.992
|10,4%
|style="background:{{G-SP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''36'''
|50.876
|10,8%
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''38'''
|68.306
|14,5%
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|'''51'''
|57.942
|12,3%
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|'''43'''
|33.917
|7,2%
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|'''25'''
|-
![[List of Alscian local elections#1914|1914]]
|55.410
|10,1%
|style="background:{{G-SP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''35'''
|63.068
|11,5%
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''40'''
|77.903
|14,2%
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|'''50'''
|63.114
|11,5%
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|'''42'''
|42.792
|7,8%
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|'''27'''
|-
![[List of Alscian local elections#1916|1916]]
|65.948
|10,7%
|style="background:{{G-SP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''51'''
|64.099
|10,4%
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''50'''
|88.136
|14,3%
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|'''69'''
|73.344
|11,9%
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|'''57'''
|46.225
|7,5%
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|'''36'''
|-
![[List of Alscian local elections#1918|1918]]
|72.373
|10,9%
|style="background:{{G-SP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''52'''
|77.021
|11,6%
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''56'''
|93.620
|14,1%
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|'''68'''
|69.717
|10,5%
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|'''50'''
|53.782
|8,1%
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|'''39'''
|-
![[List of Alscian local elections#1920|1920]]
|82.082
|11,2%
|style="background:{{G-SP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''62'''
|79.151
|10,8%
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''59'''
|101.870
|13,9%
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|'''76'''
|68.890
|9,4%
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|'''52'''
|54.233
|7,4%
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|'''41'''
|-
![[List of Alscian local elections#1922|1922]]
|90.214
|11,3%
|style="background:{{G-SP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''62'''
|83.329
|10,4%
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''57'''
|109.374
|13,7%
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|'''75'''
|61.473
|7,7%
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|'''42'''
|60.675
|7,6%
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|'''42'''
|-
![[List of Alscian local elections#1924|1924]]
|92.745
|11,1%
|style="background:{{G-SP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''61'''
|85.225
|10,2%
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''56'''
|111.127
|13,3%
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|'''73'''
|83.554
|10,0%
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|'''55'''
|58.488
|7,0%
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|'''39'''
|-
![[List of Alscian local elections#1926|1926]]
|100.721
|11,5%
|style="background:{{G-SP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''75'''
|92.839
|10,6%
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''69'''
|119.114
|13,6%
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|'''88'''
|76.198
|8,7%
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|'''56'''
|56.054
|6,4%
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|'''42'''
|-
![[List of Alscian local elections#1928|1928]]
|107.759
|11,7%
|style="background:{{G-SP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''76'''
|101.312
|11,0%
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''72'''
|119.733
|13,0%
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|'''85'''
|93.023
|10,1%
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|'''66'''
|61.708
|6,7%
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|'''44'''
|-
![[List of Alscian local elections#1930|1930]]
|122.585
|12,5%
|style="background:{{G-SP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''90'''
|109.836
|11,2%
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''81'''
|118.662
|12,1%
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|'''87'''
|92.184
|9,4%
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|'''68'''
|68.648
|7,0%
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|'''50'''
|-
![[List of Alscian local elections#1932|1932]]
|129.474
|12,4%
|style="background:{{G-SP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''89'''
|115.900
|11,1%
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''80'''
|127.386
|12,2%
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|'''88'''
|82.488
|7,9%
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|'''57'''
|75.179
|7,2%
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|'''52'''
|-
![[List of Alscian local elections#1934|1934]]
|133.310
|12,2%
|style="background:{{G-SP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''88'''
|124.470
|11,4%
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''82'''
|127.847
|11,7%
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|'''84'''
|96.158
|8,8%
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|'''63'''
|75.397
|6,9%
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|'''50'''
|-
![[List of Alscian local elections#1936|1936]]
|143.283
|12,5%
|style="background:{{G-SP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''105'''
|131.821
|11,5%
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''97'''
|130.674
|11,4%
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|'''96'''
|99.725
|8,7%
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|'''73'''
|74.507
|6,5%
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|'''55'''
|-
![[List of Alscian local elections#1938|1938]]
|143.595
|12,1%
|style="background:{{G-SP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''102'''
|136.472
|11,5%
|style="background:{{G-SDP/meta/color}}"|<span style="color:white">'''97'''
|129.353
|10,9%
|style="background:{{G-NUP/meta/color}}"|'''92'''
|110.365
|9,3%
|style="background:{{G-NLP/meta/color}}"|'''78'''
|73.577
|6,2%
|style="background:{{G-PRRA/meta/color}}"|'''52'''
|}
{{Alscian political parties}}


[[Category:Alscia]]
[[Category:Alscia]]

Latest revision as of 15:41, 14 October 2022

Popular Progressive Front

Fronte Popolare Progressista
AbbreviationFPP
LeaderDonatella Rossetti
Founded1908
Dissolved1939
Succeeded byThe PALU alliance
Ideology
Political positionCentre-left
Colours  Dark purple

The Popular Progressive Front (Italian: Fronte Popolare Progressista, abbreviated FPP) was a political alliance of parties in Alscia.

Led by Donatella Rossetti, the FPP governed Alscia from its incorporation into the Cacertian Empire to its dissolution by joining the Free Territories. It had a dominant position in Alscian politics, and had an impact on Gylian politics through its precedent-setting nature and embodiment of Donatellism.

History

Background and formation

As a result of the Cacerta-Xevden War, the Cacertian Empire annexed territory in north-eastern Xevden, organising it as the province of Alscia. The advent of Cacertian rule brought liberalisation and previously suppressed freedoms to the Gylian population, allowing a restoration of democracy for the first time since the Colonisation War.

The Cacertian authorities pursued a policy of rapid organisation and creation of responsible government, setting up the Legislative Council and scheduling elections for April 1908. Several leading Gylian parties, dating to the 1848 revolution and Glorious Rebellion, as well as other newer ones, registered for the election.

The election was transformed shortly before campaigning began, when Donatella Rossetti became the leader of the National Unity Party. A previously unknown figure, Donatella quickly established herself as the frontrunner, electrifying the campaign. She negotiated a coalition of the main liberal and left parties, and campaigned vigorously.

The FPP won a majority of first-preference votes in the 1908 election, and 60 out of 70 Council seats.

In government

Throughout the province's lifespan, the FPP enjoyed supermajorities in the Legislative Council, and faced limited opposition. Member parties broadly agreed on a socially liberal and economically interventionist course, with differences being a matter of degree and policy details.

As a grand coalition, the FPP practically achieved the widest appeal among voters. The leftist SP and SDP represented the interests of workers, the PRRA appealed to the reformist middle classes and intelligentsia, while the pragmatic tack of the NUP and NLP attracted the wealthy and Hannaist conservatives. With majorities all but guaranteed by their wide base of support, significant internal competition took place to influence the coalition's overall direction, with the SP and SDP playing the role of a ginger group.

Due to its rapid formation and rise to power, Donatella's personality and charisma served as the glue that held the FPP together. In practice, its parties' functioning was based on an uneasy balance between principle and personality. There remained sufficient consistency in Donatella's thought and action to produce a coherent ideology, refined and completed by the contributions of Risveglio Nazionale.

Historian Herta Schwamen describes the FPP as controlling the "commanding heights" of Alscian public life. It was less dominant at the local level, where the PdL won pluralities, and the SP and SDP were stronger and pursued a municipal socialist course.

Alscia's role as the centre of Gylian intellectual life and dissemination of radical ideologies to Gylians in Xevden contributed to the rise of new political forces, including the PCA, PFA, market anarchists, and others. Nevertheless, Donatella's towering personality and shrewd coalition building remained constant, helping the FPP absorb popular ideas and elements from their competition.

Valentina Potenza, in her capacity as the creator of il palazzo, pushed for the FPP to function like a political machine and to "steal" popular ideas in order to marginalise the opposition.

Legacy

The dissolution of the Cacertian Empire led to a referendum in which Alscians voted to join the Free Territories in 1939. In joining the Free Territories, Alscia ceased to exist, and with it the FPP.

The FPP had a significant impact on Gylian politics. As the first modern political alliance to govern the first Gylian polity to endure since the Colonisation War, it set significant precedents for Gylian politics: left–liberal unity, establishing a muscular liberalism as the foundation of Gylian liberalism, fueling the aggressive modernisation of Alscia, and promoting previously excluded minorities (women, LGBT people, Gylics and non-Gylics) to office, among others. Its policies were instrumental in the realisation of the later Gylian consensus.

Together with Donatella's far-reaching influence on politics and society, the FPP were pioneers of modern political campaigning, and brought many important politicians and public figures to prominence, who would go on to serve in the Free Territories. The experience of the FPP was a practical predecessor to the popular front strategy pursued by the anarchists of the Free Territories, as well as the electoral blocs that would come to characterise Gylian politics — trends that would culminate in the long-lasting PALU alliance.

The FPP's experiments with direct democracy and recruitment of notable civic figures to stand for office helped to establish and consolidate the modern traditions of direct democracy and political involvement by non-politicians in Gylian politics.

The strong symbiosis between the FPP's progressive and activist governance and the popular mobilisation of the "hurried province" would also have an enduring influence, being echoed in the Golden Revolution.

Composition

Party Ideology
Socialist Party SP Socialism
Social Democratic Party SDP Social democracy
National Unity Party NUP National liberalism
National Liberal Party NLP Social liberalism
People's Radical Reformist Alliance PRRA Radicalism

Symbols

The FPP used a dark purple colour, emphasising Donatella's central role in its identity, and the symbol of a wheel held by a pair of hands, symbolising progress. The wheel also resembled Alscia's seal.

Election results

Legislative Council of Alscia

Election FPV % Seats ± Government
1908 201.532 64,2%
60 / 70
Increase 60 Majority
1912 306.405 65,6%
65 / 70
Increase 5 Majority
1916 404.938 65,7%
64 / 70
Decrease 1 Majority
1920 492.420 66,2%
66 / 70
Increase 2 Majority
1924 547.172 65,9%
63 / 70
Decrease 3 Majority
1928 610.636 66,3%
68 / 70
Increase 5 Majority
1932 626.880 60,1%
62 / 70
Decrease 6 Majority
1936 672.858 58,7%
61 / 70
Decrease 1 Majority

Local elections

The FPP alliance was not in effect in consigli comunali and giunte comunali, although member parties tended to cooperate based on the provincial precedent. The election results are shown for the member parties separately.

Election SP SDP NUP NLP PRRA
FPV % Con FPV % Con FPV % Con FPV % Con FPV % Con
1908 32.650 10,2% 37 34.890 10,9% 37 48.014 15,0% 52 37.131 11,6% 41 24.007 7,5% 20
1910 43.100 10,5% 37 43.921 10,7% 37 60.750 14,8% 50 50.078 12,2% 40 31.607 7,7% 25
1912 48.992 10,4% 36 50.876 10,8% 38 68.306 14,5% 51 57.942 12,3% 43 33.917 7,2% 25
1914 55.410 10,1% 35 63.068 11,5% 40 77.903 14,2% 50 63.114 11,5% 42 42.792 7,8% 27
1916 65.948 10,7% 51 64.099 10,4% 50 88.136 14,3% 69 73.344 11,9% 57 46.225 7,5% 36
1918 72.373 10,9% 52 77.021 11,6% 56 93.620 14,1% 68 69.717 10,5% 50 53.782 8,1% 39
1920 82.082 11,2% 62 79.151 10,8% 59 101.870 13,9% 76 68.890 9,4% 52 54.233 7,4% 41
1922 90.214 11,3% 62 83.329 10,4% 57 109.374 13,7% 75 61.473 7,7% 42 60.675 7,6% 42
1924 92.745 11,1% 61 85.225 10,2% 56 111.127 13,3% 73 83.554 10,0% 55 58.488 7,0% 39
1926 100.721 11,5% 75 92.839 10,6% 69 119.114 13,6% 88 76.198 8,7% 56 56.054 6,4% 42
1928 107.759 11,7% 76 101.312 11,0% 72 119.733 13,0% 85 93.023 10,1% 66 61.708 6,7% 44
1930 122.585 12,5% 90 109.836 11,2% 81 118.662 12,1% 87 92.184 9,4% 68 68.648 7,0% 50
1932 129.474 12,4% 89 115.900 11,1% 80 127.386 12,2% 88 82.488 7,9% 57 75.179 7,2% 52
1934 133.310 12,2% 88 124.470 11,4% 82 127.847 11,7% 84 96.158 8,8% 63 75.397 6,9% 50
1936 143.283 12,5% 105 131.821 11,5% 97 130.674 11,4% 96 99.725 8,7% 73 74.507 6,5% 55
1938 143.595 12,1% 102 136.472 11,5% 97 129.353 10,9% 92 110.365 9,3% 78 73.577 6,2% 52