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| {{Infobox Monarchy | | {{Infobox Monarchy |
| | border = | | | border = |
| | royal_title = Basileus | | | royal_title = Despot |
| | realm = the Mysians | | | realm = Aretias |
| | native_name = | | | native_name = Δεσπóτēσ τῆς Ἀρητιάς |
| | coatofarms = Coat of Arms of Aretias.png | | | coatofarms = Royal Badge of Aretias.svg |
| | coatofarms_article = Coat of arms of the Basileus | | | coatofarms_article = |
| | type = non-commonwealth | | | type = non-commonwealth |
| | image = Basil II of Aretias.jpg | | | image = Basil II of Aretias.jpg |
| | incumbent = [[Basil I of Aretias|Basil I]] | | | incumbent = [[Basil IV of Mysia|Basil IV]] |
| | incumbentsince = 20 September 2014 | | | incumbentsince = 20 September 2016 |
| | his/her = His Royal and Apostolic | | | his/her = His |
| | heir_apparent = | | | heir_apparent = |
| | heir_presumptive = [[Zenobia, Despoina of Mysia]] | | | heir_presumptive = [[Zenobia of Aretias|Prince Zenobia]] |
| | first_monarch = [[David I of Mysia|David I]] | | | first_monarch = [[Basil I of Aretias|Basil I]] |
| | date = 2 September 1830 | | | date = 19 June 1759 |
| | residence = Phaistros(historical)<br>Palataki (modern) | | | residence = Antelias Palace |
| | website = | | | website = |
| }} | | }} |
| The '''Monarch of Aretias''', officially the '''Basileus of the Mysians ''' ([[wikipedia:Pontic Greek|Mysian]]: Βασιλεὺς τῆς Ἀρητιάς; [[wikipedia:Armenian language|Vardanan]]: Բասիլեuսէ Արետիաս), is the [[wikipedia:head of state|head of state]] and [[wikipedia:head of government|head of government]] of the [[Aretias|Kingdom of Aretias and the Mysians]]. | | The '''Monarch of Aretias''', officially the '''Despot of Aretias ''' ([[wikipedia:Tsakonian language|Peratene]]: Δεσπóτēσ τῆς Ἀρητιάς), is the autocratic [[wikipedia:head of state|head of state]] and [[wikipedia:head of government|head of government]] of [[Aretias]]. The title s held by the paternal descendants of [[TBD]]. The Despot is the head of the [[House of Xanthios]] and the royal family. Since 1830, the Despot of Aretias has claimed the imperial title [[Perateia]]. |
| ==History== | | ==History== |
| The Aretian monarchy traces its claim to the modern Kingdom of Mysia, which ruled over the modern [[Mysia|Commonwealth of Mysia]] in present day [[Vardana]], the islands of [[Aretias]], and parts of western [[Perateia]] from 1830 to 1901 and 1933 to present. The Kingdom of Mysia, and by extension Aretias, was first ruled by the [[House of Kamytzes]], descending from [[David Kamytzes|David Kamytzes, Despot of Mysia]]. Kamytzes's son, [[David I of Mysia|Constantine Kamytzes]], held the distinction as Despot of Mysia during the [[Vardana]]-[[Lihnidos]] union, and upon its dissolution proclaimed himself [[Monarchy of Vardana|Basileus of Vardana]], Basileus of Mysia, and [[Monarchy of Lihnidos|Emperor of Lihnidos]], based on rule in Mysia and descent from [[Manuel II of Vardana and Lihinidos|Basileus Manuel II]]. The rule of the House of Kamytzes ended in 1901 during the reign of [[George II of Mysia|Basileus George II]], when the kingdom was absorbed into the [[House of Hazarasp|Hazaraspid]] [[Vardana|Kingdom of Vardana]]. | | The Despotate of Aretias traces titular descent from the [[Perateia]], following the grant of the imperial appanage by TBD to his third son Prince Michael Xanthi. As such, the monarchy in Aretias was first established on 19 June 1759, and due to this it claims direct descent from the Peratene and Lihnidosi personal union. From 1759 to 1830, Aretias remained an imperial appanage tied to Perateia. However, with the collapse of the Peratene-Lihnidosi personal union in 1830, Aretias fell under the suzerainty of the nascent [[Vardana#Hazaraspid kingdom|Hazaraspid kingdom]] in nearby Vardana. It remained under Hazaraspid domination until the Vardani Revolution in the 1920s, at which point Aretias asserted its independence and proclaimed sovereignty over its territory. |
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| Mysia again asserted its independence in 1924, during the [[Vardanan revolution]] when [[George II of Mysia|Basileus George II]] was proclaimed Basileus of Mysia. George II was briefly restored to the Mysian throne, though by 1930 the kingdom had lost its mainland territory and retreated to the island of [[Aretias]], previously under the control of the Princely House of Bznuni. At George II's death, he was succeeded by his daughter, [[Irene I of Aretias|Irene]], and entered a [[wikipedia:Personal union|personal union]] with the [[Garima|Gariman state]] of [[Nyrundy]]. Aretias was ruled by the House of Nyrundy from 1967 to 2014 – though Irene's husband [[John VII, Elector of Nyrundy]] was Basileus of of the Mysians by right of his wife from 1933 until his death in 1960. From 1924 until 1934, the second Mysian Kingdom controlled much of what is now the Vardanan province of [[Mysia]], including [[Aretias]].
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| Since 2014, the [[House of Bznuni]] has ruled [[Aretias]] while still claiming Mysian, Vardanan, and Lihnidosi royal and imperial titles.
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| ==Role== | | ==Role== |
| The monarch is the absolute monarch of Aretias. As head of state, the monarch is the chief executive and chief representative of Aretias internationally. In addition, the monarch wields tremendous legislative and judicial authority. While some legislative functions are carried out by the [[Royal Council (Aretias)|Royal Council]], the monarch has the sole power to appoint or remove councillors, of which the monarch presies over. This system results in royal decrees forming the basis of the country's legislation – this is often done in concert and through the Royal Council. In practice, major policy decisions are often derived from the Royal Council. From 1945 to 2010, the Royal Council weilded tremendous authority due to the monarch's primary residence in [[Nyrundy]] during this period. Since 2010, the power of the Royal Council has waned. | | The monarch is the absolute head of state of Aretias. As head of state, he is the chief executive and chief representative of Aretias internationally. All legislative, executive, and judicial power rests in the hands of the king. The judiciary is subordinate to the king, as is the consultative assembly. |
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| While the monarch is the primary judicial authority in Aretias, judicial reforms in the mid-20th century were established to provide Aretias a limited judiciary in the Belisarian model. However, this judiciary lacks any meaningful independence and the monarch heavily influences judicial decisions through intervention in cases or, more often, issuing a verdict on appeal.
| | The monarch wields much power through the [[Royal Council (Aretias)|Royal Council]] and his councilors, which include government ministers. The monarch is empowered to appoint or remove councilors, of which the monarch presides. Despite the monarch's key role in this system, the [[Royal Council (Aretias)#List of current ministers|Secretary of State]] has become the most influential member of the council outside of members of the royal family. This system results in royal decrees forming the basis of the country's legislation – this is often done in concert and through the Royal Council. |
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| In addition, the monarch is the commander-in-chief of the [[Aretian Defense Force]], as well as the Royal Guard and Civil Guard.
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| ==Titles, styles and honors== | | ==Titles, styles and honors== |
| Aretian royal titles and styles are primarily derived from the former Mysian kingdom and the Kingdom of Greater Vardana. The primary style utilzed by the monarch is ''Royal and Apostolic Majesty'' ("''HRAM''"), which was previously utilzed by Vardanan monarchs and later Mysian monarchs. Since the kingdom's inception, the monarch of Aretias has claimed the titles of Mysia and the Vardanan-Lihnidosi personal union, as such many titles utilzed by the monarch are simply held in pretense, and are contested by at least one other claimant or party. The royal title saw the addition Aretias in 1930. From 1933 to 2010, the Baselius of Aretias was concurrently the Elector of Nyrundy and Archduke of Nyrundy. Even though Lihnidosi titles such as Emperor of Lihnidos and King of Thasos fell out of active use during the Nyrundy personal union, there has been no explicit renunciation of these claims. | | Aretian royal titles are typically in flux, and vary from ruler to ruler, however the title of "Despot of Aretias" is a constant fixture in the role of titles. Along with that, the titles have grown since the initial grant in 1759, and at times the ruler has preferred the title of "Basileus" to that of Despot, especially from 1830 to 1924 when Aretias was no longer a semi-autonomous appanage of Perateia. |
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| The monarch's current title and style is: | | The monarch's current title and style is: |
| :Basileus of the Mysians, King of Greater Vardana, Grand Prince of the East, First Venerable One, Bridger of Seas, Master of the Periclean and the Ozeros, Sovereign Ruler and Lord of the Scipian Provinces and the lands in between, Protector and Defender of the Apostolic Faith. | | :Basileus Basil II, By the Grace of God, Despot of Aretias |
| ===Title of the heir apparent=== | | ===Title of the heir apparent=== |
| From 1736 to 1830, the House of Kamytzes held the distinction of Despot of Mysia. Since 1830, this previously non-hereditary administrative title has been granted to the heir apparent or chosen heir of Mysia and later Aretias. The heir is afforded the style of ''Royal and Apostolic Highness'' ("''HRAH''"). The feminine title is Despoina, which differs from that of Despotissa for the wife of the Despot. The title has been granted to female heirs presumptive on two occasions: in 2007 to [[Irene II of Aretias|Irene, Despoina of Mysia]] and in 2016 to [[Zenobia, Despoina of Mysia]]. The current heir presumptive is [[Zenobia, Despoina of Mysia]], who may be displaced by the birth of a younger, legitimate brother.
| | Traditionally, he heir apparent of Aretias lacked any specific formal title aside from that of Prince. It was in 1877 that the heir apparent was often granted the title of ''Kaisar''. In 1930, the heir apparent, then [[Constantine II of Aretias|Prince Constantine Kamytzes]] was conferred the title of ''Sebastokrator'' by his father-in-law Emperor [[John X Anicius]]. Every successive heir apparent to Aretias has claimed or been granted the title of Sebastokrator. |
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| ==Succession== | | ==Succession== |
| {{main|Succession to the Aretian throne}} | | {{main|Succession to the Aretian throne}} |
| ==List==
| | Prior to 1932, there was a lack of formal succession laws due to requirements of the [[Monarchy of Perateia|Peratene emperor]] to confer the title of despot on the ruler of Aretias from 1759 until 1830. However, this did not prohibit, and often times still resulted, hereditary succession from father to son. |
| ===As Monarchs of Mysia===
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| {{main|House of Kamytzes}}
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| {|style="text-align:center; width:100%" class="wikitable"
| |
| !width=18%|Name
| |
| !width=112px|Portrait
| |
| !width=112px|Arms
| |
| !width=16%|Birth
| |
| !width=16%|Marriages
| |
| !width=16%|Death
| |
| !House
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| |-
| |
| | '''[[David I of Mysia|David I]]'''<br>2 September 1830<br>–<br>1 June 1861
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| | [[file:F. de Madrazo - 1849, El general Manuel Mazarredo (Colección particular, Madrid).jpg|100px]]
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| | [[file:Coat of Arms of Mysia.png|100px]]
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| | 1 January 1799<br>[[Leonopolis]]<hr>Son of [[David Kamytzes|David, Despot of Mysia]]<br>and Anna Levidis
| |
| | [[Maria of Ravenna]] <br>[[Leonopolis|Hagia Anthemia]]<br>9 June 1829<br>5 children
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| | 1 June 1861<br>[[Norashen]]<br>aged 62
| |
| | rowspan=5 |[[House of Kamytzes|Kamytzes]]
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| |-
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| | '''[[David II of Mysia|David II]]'''<br>1 June 1861<br>–<br>8 March 1864
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| | [[file:Bebutov.jpg|100px]]
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| | [[file:Coat of Arms of Mysia.png|100px]]
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| | 16 July 1831<br>[[Sophene|Phaistros]]<hr>Son of [[David I of Mysia|David I]]<br>and [[Maria of Ravenna]]
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| | PLACEHOLDER <br>[[Sophene|Hagia Anna]]<br>DATE<br>2 children
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| | 30 May 1869<br>[[Kepetta]]<br>aged 37
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| |-
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| | '''[[Andreas I of Mysia|Andreas I]]'''<br>8 March 1864<br>–<br>4 June 1881
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| | [[file:Charles Ferdinand Pahud (1803-73). Gouverneur-generaal (1855-61) Rijksmuseum SK-A-3804.jpeg|100px]]
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| | [[file:Coat of Arms of Mysia.png|100px]]
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| | 22 April 1804<br>[[Sophene|Phaistros]]<hr>Son of [[David Kamytzes|David, Despot of Mysia]]<br>and Anna Levidis
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| | PLACEHOLDER <br>[[Sophene|Hagia Anna]]<br>DATE<br>8 children
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| | 4 June 1881<br>[[Kepetta]]<br>aged 77
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| |-
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| | '''[[George I of Mysia|George I]]'''<br>4 June 1881<br>–<br>28 November 1890
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| | [[file:Deodoro da Fonseca sak.jpg|100px]]
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| | [[file:Coat of Arms of Mysia.png|100px]]
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| | 9 September 1828<br>[[Sophene|Phaistros]]<hr>Son of [[Andreas I of Mysia|Andreas I]]<br>and PLACEHOLDER
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| | PLACEHOLDER <br>[[Sophene|Hagia Anna]]<br>DATE<br>1 child
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| | 28 November 1890<br>[[Ascanium|Palatium Blachernae]]<br>aged 62
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| |-
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| | ''(1st reign)''<br>'''[[George II of Mysia|George II]]'''<br>28 November 1890<br>–<br>6 September 1901<br>''([[2nd Hazaraspid-Mysian War|Deposed]])''
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| | [[file:Alexeev E I.jpg|100px]]
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| | [[file:Coat of Arms of Mysia.png|100px]]
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| | 26 February 1852<br>[[Sophene|Phaistros]]<hr>Son of [[George I of Mysia|George I]]<br>and PLACEHOLDER
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| | <span style="color:grey;">(1)</span> PLACEHOLDER <br>[[Sophene|Hagia Anna]]<br>DATE<br>2 children<hr><span style="color:grey;">(2)</span> [[Anna of Latium]]<br>[[Leonopolis|Hagia Anthemia]]<br>18 May 1896<br>4 children
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| | 3 May 1933<br>[[Sophene|Phaistros]]<br>aged 81
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| |-
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| |}
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| ===As Monarchs of Aretias and the Mysians===
| | Aretias has had no female rulers, and on one occasion has passed over a female heir. This has led to questions whether a female heir could ultimately succeed to the throne. The current heir presumptive, [[Zenobia of Aretias|Princess Zenobia]] was officially proclaimed her father's heir on 1 September 2017. Per a 2017 royal decree, Zenobia was granted the title of ''Sebastokratorissa'' by her father, and named his heir should she not be displaced by a younger, legitimate brother. |
| {|style="text-align:center; width:100%" class="wikitable"
| |
| !width=18%|Name
| |
| !width=112px|Portrait
| |
| !width=112px|Arms
| |
| !width=16%|Birth
| |
| !width=16%|Marriages
| |
| !width=16%|Death
| |
| !House
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| |-
| |
| | ''(2nd reign)''<br>'''[[George II of Mysia|George II]]'''<br>19 July 1924<br>–<br>3 May 1933
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| | [[file:Alexeev E I.jpg|100px]]
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| | [[file:Coat of Arms of Mysia.png|100px]]
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| | 26 February 1852<br>[[Sophene|Phaistros]]<hr>Son of [[George I of Mysia|George I]]<br>and PLACEHOLDER
| |
| | <span style="color:grey;">(1)</span> PLACEHOLDER <br>[[Sophene|Hagia Anna]]<br>DATE<br>2 children<hr><span style="color:grey;">(2)</span> [[Anna of Latium]]<br>[[Leonopolis|Hagia Anthemia]]<br>18 May 1896<br>4 children
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| | 3 May 1933<br>[[Sophene|Phaistros]]<br>aged 81
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| | rowspan=2 |[[House of Kamytzes|Kamytzes]]
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| |-
| |
| | '''[[Irene I of Mysia|Irene I]]'''<br>3 May 1933<br>–<br>4 May 1967
| |
| | <!--[[file:Elena Vladimirovna of Russia princess of Greece.jpg|100px]]--> [[file:Feodora, Princess of Reuss-Köstritz, née Princess of Saxe-Meiningen.jpg|100px]]
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| | [[file:Coat of Arms of Mysia.png|100px]]
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| | 1 July 1895<br>[[Sophene|Phaistros]]<hr>Daughter of [[George I of Mysia|George I]]<br>and [[Anna of Latium]]
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| | [[John VII, Elector of Nyrundy]] <br>[[Rovan]]<br>1914<br># children
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| | 4 May 1967<br>[[Rovan]]<br>aged 70
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''([[wikipedia:Jure uxoris|Jure uxoris]])''<br>'''[[John VII, Elector of Nyrundy|John I]]'''<br>3 May 1933<br>–<br>8 December 1960
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| | [[file:Rupprecht von Bayern.jpg|100px]]
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| | [[file:Coat of Arms of John VII, Elector of Nyrundy.png|100px]]
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| | 11 January 1890<br>[[Rovan]]<hr>Son of [[Otto X, Elector of Nyrundy]]<br>and Enora Rouanti
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| | [[Irene I of Mysia]] <br>[[Rovan]]<br>1914<br># children
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| | 8 December 1960<br>[[Rovan]]<br>aged 70
| |
| | rowspan=4 |[[House of Nyrundy|Nyrundy]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''[[Stephen V & I|Stephen I]]'''<br>4 May 1967<br>–<br>17 June 1984
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| | [[file:No image.svg|100px]]
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| | [[file:Lesser Coat of Arms of Aretias-Nyrundy.png|100px]]
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| | 17 May 1915<br>[[Rovan]]<hr>Son of [[Irene I of Mysia|Irene I]]<br>and [[John VII, Elector of Nyrundy]]
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| | [[Silvia of Ravenna (born 1918)|Silvia of Ravenna]] <br>[[Rovan]]<br>4 February 1936<br># children
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| | 17 June 1984<br>Rovan<br>aged 69
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| |-
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| | '''[[George VII & III|George III]]'''<br>17 June 1984<br>–<br>17 July 2010
| |
| | [[file:No image.svg|100px]]
| |
| | [[file:Lesser Coat of Arms of Aretias-Nyrundy.png|100px]]
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| | 30 May 1937<br>[[Evros|Palataki]]<hr>Son of [[Stephen V & I|Stephen I]]<br>and [[Silvia of Ravenna (born 1918)|Silvia of Ravenna]]
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| | [[Anna of Ghant]] <br>[[Rovan]]<br>17 January 1961<br>5 children
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| | 17 July 2010<br>[[Nyrundy|Rovan]]<br>aged 70
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| |-
| |
| | '''[[Irene II of Aretias|Irene II]]'''<br>17 July 2010<br>–<br>20 September 2014<br>''([[Irene II of Aretias#Abdicated|Abdicated]])''
| |
| | [[file:Irene II of Aretias.jpg|100px]]
| |
| | [[file:Lesser Coat of Arms of Aretias-Nyrundy.png|100px]]
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| | 9 September 1964<br>[[Rovan]]<hr>Daughter of [[George III of Aretias|George III]]<br>and [[Anna of Ghant]]
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| | [[Cyril Bznuni|Prince Cyril Bznuni]] <br>[[Evros|Sacred Heart Basilica]]<br>8 January 1986<br>5 children
| |
| | Living<br>age {{age|1964|9|9}}
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''([[wikipedia:Jure uxoris|Jure uxoris]])''<br>'''[[Cyril I of Aretias|Cyril I]]'''<br>17 July 2010<br>–<br>10 September 2014
| |
| | [[file:Cyril I of Aretias.jpg|100px]]
| |
| | [[file:Coat of Arms of the House of Bznuni.png|100px]]
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| | 8 March 1959<br>[[Evros|Palataki]]<hr>Son of [[Tigran Bznuni|Prince Tigran Bznuni]]<br>and PLACEHOLDER
| |
| | [[Irene II of Aretias]]<br>[[Evros|Sacred Heart Basilica]]<br>8 January 1986<br>5 children
| |
| | 8 September 2014<br>[[Teos]]<br>aged 55
| |
| | rowspan=2 |[[House of Bznuni|Bznuni]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''[[Basil I of Aretias|Basil I]]'''<br>20 September 2014<br>–<br>present
| |
| | [[file:Basil II of Aretias.jpg|100px]]
| |
| | [[file:Lesser Coat of Arms of Aretias.png|100px]]
| |
| | 16 July 1987<br>[[Evros|Palataki]]<hr>Son of [[Irene II of Aretias|Irene II]]<br>and [[Cyril I of Aretias|Prince Cyril Bznuni]]
| |
| | <span style="color:grey;">(1)</span> [[Maria Verrucosa]] <br>[[Leonopolis|Hagia Anthemia]]<br>9 July 2013<br>1 child<hr><span style="color:grey;">(2)</span> [[Cassandra of Ghant]]<br>[[Evros|Sacred Heart Basilica]]<br>2 February 2020<br>no children<hr>''2 illegitimate children''
| |
| | Living<br>age {{age|1988|7|17}}
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| |-
| |
| |}
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|
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|
| ==See also== | | ==See also== |
| *[[Monarchy of Vardana]] | | *[[List of Aretian monarchs]] |
| [[category:Aretias]] | | [[category:Aretias]] |
| [[category:Vardana]] | | [[category:Perateia]] |
The Monarch of Aretias, officially the Despot of Aretias (Peratene: Δεσπóτēσ τῆς Ἀρητιάς), is the autocratic head of state and head of government of Aretias. The title s held by the paternal descendants of TBD. The Despot is the head of the House of Xanthios and the royal family. Since 1830, the Despot of Aretias has claimed the imperial title Perateia.
History
The Despotate of Aretias traces titular descent from the Perateia, following the grant of the imperial appanage by TBD to his third son Prince Michael Xanthi. As such, the monarchy in Aretias was first established on 19 June 1759, and due to this it claims direct descent from the Peratene and Lihnidosi personal union. From 1759 to 1830, Aretias remained an imperial appanage tied to Perateia. However, with the collapse of the Peratene-Lihnidosi personal union in 1830, Aretias fell under the suzerainty of the nascent Hazaraspid kingdom in nearby Vardana. It remained under Hazaraspid domination until the Vardani Revolution in the 1920s, at which point Aretias asserted its independence and proclaimed sovereignty over its territory.
Role
The monarch is the absolute head of state of Aretias. As head of state, he is the chief executive and chief representative of Aretias internationally. All legislative, executive, and judicial power rests in the hands of the king. The judiciary is subordinate to the king, as is the consultative assembly.
The monarch wields much power through the Royal Council and his councilors, which include government ministers. The monarch is empowered to appoint or remove councilors, of which the monarch presides. Despite the monarch's key role in this system, the Secretary of State has become the most influential member of the council outside of members of the royal family. This system results in royal decrees forming the basis of the country's legislation – this is often done in concert and through the Royal Council.
Titles, styles and honors
Aretian royal titles are typically in flux, and vary from ruler to ruler, however the title of "Despot of Aretias" is a constant fixture in the role of titles. Along with that, the titles have grown since the initial grant in 1759, and at times the ruler has preferred the title of "Basileus" to that of Despot, especially from 1830 to 1924 when Aretias was no longer a semi-autonomous appanage of Perateia.
The monarch's current title and style is:
- Basileus Basil II, By the Grace of God, Despot of Aretias
Title of the heir apparent
Traditionally, he heir apparent of Aretias lacked any specific formal title aside from that of Prince. It was in 1877 that the heir apparent was often granted the title of Kaisar. In 1930, the heir apparent, then Prince Constantine Kamytzes was conferred the title of Sebastokrator by his father-in-law Emperor John X Anicius. Every successive heir apparent to Aretias has claimed or been granted the title of Sebastokrator.
Succession
Prior to 1932, there was a lack of formal succession laws due to requirements of the Peratene emperor to confer the title of despot on the ruler of Aretias from 1759 until 1830. However, this did not prohibit, and often times still resulted, hereditary succession from father to son.
Aretias has had no female rulers, and on one occasion has passed over a female heir. This has led to questions whether a female heir could ultimately succeed to the throne. The current heir presumptive, Princess Zenobia was officially proclaimed her father's heir on 1 September 2017. Per a 2017 royal decree, Zenobia was granted the title of Sebastokratorissa by her father, and named his heir should she not be displaced by a younger, legitimate brother.
See also
