User:Montecara/Sandbox/Trenalia: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
 
(35 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 5: Line 5:
|logo_size        = 300px
|logo_size        = 300px
|logo_alt          = Logo of Trenalia
|logo_alt          = Logo of Trenalia
|system_map        =  
|system_map        = Trenalia-map.png
|map_caption      =  
|map_caption      = Network map
|map_size          = 300px
|map_size          = 300px
|map_alt          =
|map_alt          =
Line 14: Line 14:
|image_alt        =
|image_alt        =
|marks            = TNA
|marks            = TNA
|locale            = Southeastern [[Euclea]]
|locale            = Southeastern [[Conitia]]
|start_year        = {{Start date|1955}}  
|start_year        = {{Start date|1978}}  
|end_year          = present
|end_year          = present
|predecessor_line  =  
|predecessor_line  =  
|successor_line    =  
|successor_line    =  
|gauge            = {{Track gauge|1500 mm}}
|gauge            = 1,500 mm
|old_gauge        = <!-- This needs a separate line -->
|old_gauge        = <!-- This needs a separate line -->
|electrification  = 25 {{wp|kV}} / 50 {{wp|Hz}} {{wp|Alternating current|AC}} {{wp|Overhead line|overhead lines}}
|electrification  = 25 {{wp|kV}} / 50 {{wp|Hz}} {{wp|Alternating current|AC}}
|length            =  
|length            =  
|hq_city          = [[Montecara]]
|hq_city          = [[Montecara]]
Line 27: Line 27:
}}
}}


'''Trenalia''' is an international passenger rail and rail services company serving southeastern [[Euclea]] with its headquarters in [[Montecara]]. It is jointly owned by the governments of [[Montecara]] and [[Paretia]] and offers extensive services in those countries along with connecting services to [[Gaullica]] and [[Etruria]]. The company operates 20,000 km of route, including dedicated {{wp|High-speed rail|high-speed}} routes, and runs over 10,000 trains per day. It is a member of the [[Euclostar]] high-speed rail consortium.  
'''Trenalia''' is an international passenger rail and rail services company serving southeastern [[Conitia]]. It is [[Government-owned corporations in Esquarium|jointly owned]] by the states of [[Montecara]], [[Nameria]], [[Champenia]], [[Hagieria and Agrilan]], [[Mespalia]], and the [[Desenan Republic]]. The company's headquarters is located at [[Montecara Pòrta Conìxia railway station]].


== History ==
== History and ownership ==
Rail transport had been a key component of the inter-city transport system in southeast [[Euclea]] since the heyday of steam trains in the mid- to late 19th century. By the 1950s, however, long-distance rail in Paretia was in tatters. The country had emerged from the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]] and [[Solarian War]] with badly damaged infrastructure and no surviving rail companies with enough human, material, and financial resources to rebuild.
 
A solution presented itself in the form of Paretia's island neighbor to the east, [[Montecara]]. Montecara had longed for a fixed link with the Euclean mainland for centuries, but by the time in the 1940s that technology had advanced to the point that such a feat could even be seriously considered, Paretia was a war-ravaged and poor nation that the Montecaran government wanted to keep at arm's length. With Paretia in recovery by the early 1950s, though, it seemed that the time had finally come for the two countries to collaborate. The two states signed a memorandum of understanding in May 1951 to work together to rebuild and connect their rail systems. After four years of negotiations, Trenalia was born as a joint government-owned corporation in early 1955, with its stock split 50-50 between the two states. It was agreed that the company would have a legal monopoly on long-distance and regional rail services, and that the state governments would guarantee subsidies in the event of budget shortfalls and back the company's debt. Private freight rail companies would continue to operate, and Gaullican and Etrurian passenger trains still connected to destinations in Paretia, but Trenalia was to be the sole provider of domestic and cross-border passenger rail in its service area. Trenalia began passenger operations on 7 March 1955 with an inaugural service between [[Montecara]] and [[Chorto]] that used a rail ferry to cross the [[Aurean Straits]].
 
Engineering studies began the following year to explore the various possibilities for a cross-strait link that would greatly ease travel between Montecara and the Euclean mainland. After considering the possibilities of various bridge designs, including a {{wp|causeway}} and what would have been the world's longest {{wp|suspension bridge}}, Trenalia's engineers officially recommended a twin-bore undersea tunnel as the best option. No bridge design could be found that would not impede shipping to what the Montecaran state felt was an economically unacceptable degree, and although no undersea tunnel had ever been constructed that would be as long as this one (9.2 km), the engineers felt that the technology was at an acceptably advanced state to make it feasible. Construction on the [[Cross-Strait Tunnel]] began in January 1956 and would continue for nearly eight years before the link was opened to great fanfare on 11 December 1963. At long last, Montecara was connected to the rest of Euclea by a link that was fast and impervious to weather and tides.
 
The company expanded its operations in the 1960s and '70s, issuing debt to finance capital improvements that included a massive electrification program and the construction of dozens of new station buildings. The unexpectedly high inflation of this period left the company far deeper in debt by the early 1980s than management had anticipated, though, and in 1982 the national governments were forced to acquire nearly €300 million in debt that the company could not service. By the early 1990s the company was again on stable financial ground, and a major project to make trains and stations {{wp|accessibility|accessible}} began in 1993. Current investment priorities for the company include the purchase of new, lighter and more efficient {{wp|rolling stock}} and the acquisition of more retail space in and near stations that can be rented out at a profit.
 
== Corporate structure and budget ==
{{Pie chart
{{Pie chart
| radius = 100
| thumb = right
| thumb = right
| caption = Trenalia operating budget by source, {{wp|Fiscal year|FY}} 2019
| caption = Ownership of Trenalia since 2001
| other = yes
| other =  
| label1 = Fares
| label1 = Montecara
| value1 = 48.6
| value1 = 25
| color1 = indigo
| color1 = crimson
| label2 = Trust fund disbursements
| label2 = Desenan Republic
| value2 = 26.1
| value2 = 25
| color2 = teal
| color2 = deepskyblue
| label3 = Additional subsidies
| label3 = Champenia
| value3 = 11.9
| value3 = 15
| color3 = brown
| color3 = darkblue
| label4 = Advertising
| label4 = Nameria
| value4 = 6.1
| value4 = 15
| color4 = navy
| color4 = darkred
| label5 = Leasing
| label5 = Hagieria & Agrilan
| value5 = 4.4
| value5 = 15
| color5 = slategray
| color5 = limegreen
| label6 = Mespalia
| value6 = 5
| color6 = white
}}
}}
Trenalia is governed by a board of directors nominated by the governments of Paretia and Montecara. At present, each state appoints five members and five alternates, with the chair rotating between a Paretian and a Montecaran approximately every five years. The board of directors selects a general manager who is the professional head of the company and is in charge of day-to-day operations.  
Rail transport had been a key component of the inter-city transport system in southeast [[Conitia]] since the heyday of steam trains in the mid to late 19th century. By the 1950s, however, consolidation and rising capital costs as well as stock manipulation had made many smaller railways unprofitable. This trend accelerated over the next two decades, worsened by the advent of affordable air travel, and by the mid-1970s it was clear that passenger rail in the region was in crisis. Rail companies appealed to the state for help, and the governments of [[Montecara]] and the [[Desenan Republic]] responded by making a buyout offer to a consortium of railroad companies to take effect in 1978. The deal went through, and Trenalia was born on paper as the sole inter-city rail operator in the two countries.  


As of the last restructuring in 2009, Trenalia's operating divisions are:
Trenalia began operation on 7 March 1980 with service in Montecara and the Desenan Republic. Over the next two decades, the company’s financial viability and economy of scale convinced other states in the region to buy into the company and allow Trenalia to operate inter-city routes in their countries as well. By 1998, the company had extended operations to [[Nameria]], [[Champenia]], and [[Hagieria and Agrilan]]. The extension to [[Mespalia]] was completed in 2000.
* Regional and commuter operations
* Long-distance passenger operations
* Freight and logistics
* Infrastructure
* Rolling stock maintenance


Trenalia has a dedicated source of funding for maintenance and operations thanks to a trust established by the national governments at the company's foundation in 1955. Capital improvements are funded through a combination of {{wp|corporate bonds}} and subsidies from the national governments. Overall, Trenalia services have a {{wp|farebox recovery ratio}} of approximately 50% (although the ratio for some services, like Viaurea, is above 90%), with the balance made up through trust fund disbursements, advertising, leasing facilities and rolling stock, and additional subsidies by the national governments. The total operating budget for 2019 was approximately €7 billion.  
States with Trenalia service are required to buy stock in the company when operations commence and to guarantee debt coverage in the event of budget shortfalls.


Trenalia employs nearly 15,000 workers, making it one of the largest employers in both Paretia and Montecara. Train operators, maintenance workers, and customer-facing employees are all unionized, with contracts up for periodic renewal on a fixed schedule.
== Divisions and subsidiaries ==
Trenalia is organized primarily into two operating divisions: '''Trenalia Nord''' and '''Trenalia Sud'''. These divisions are separated by the [[Lazarene Sea]] and are not connected to each other. Rolling stock and other equipment must be ferried across the sea as needed.  


== Train categories and routes ==
In addition to its core passenger-rail business, Trenalia operates a number of subsidiaries that cover other aspects of the rail transport industry. '''Trenalia Cargo''' conducts {{wp|freight rail}} operations and '''Trenalia Infra''' manages the construction and maintenance of rail infrastructure.
[[File:Trenalia-map.png|500px|thumbnail|Trenalia route map showing major destinations]]
 
Trenalia operates the following service categories:  
== Routes and lines ==
{| class="wikitable"
[[File:Trenalia-map.png|700px|thumbnail|Trenalia route map]]
!Name
Trenalia services include high-speed, higher-speed, and conventional-speed rail. Night trains (except for high-speed services) often operate with attached {{wp|sleeping cars}} which are detached when they reach their intended destination in the morning.
!Abbreviation
 
!Role
Trenalia organizes its services into the following lines:  
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 100%"
|-
! Line
! Type
! Termini
|-
| style="background: black; color: white;" |'''Nerea'''
| {{wp|Inter-city rail}}
| Amarești/Alunișu — Iouzzene (Pochiainen)
|-
| style="background: red; color: white;" |'''Iridia'''
| {{wp|High-speed rail}}
| Montecara — Desena
|-
| style="background: lightsalmon; color: white;" |'''Transhagierien'''
| Inter-city rail
| Cypresse — Tienge
|-
| style="background: orangered; color: white;" |'''Saciuva'''
| Inter-city rail
| Montecara — Campina/Gristol
|-
| style="background: sandybrown; color: white;" |'''Montagnes'''
| Inter-city rail
| Touillet — Latium
|-
| style="background: gold; color: white;" |'''Serenissima'''
| {{wp|Higher-speed rail}}
| Montecara — Valisoara
|-
| style="background: limegreen; color: white;" |'''Costera'''
| Inter-city rail
| Concordia — Bellerose
|-
| style="background: green; color: white;" |'''Terrafirma'''
| Inter-city rail
| Veseud/Presaca — Videni/Milovan
|-
|-
|Euclostar
| style="background: teal; color: white;" |'''Grandcitadi'''
|E
| High-speed rail  
|High-speed rail serving the largest cities
| Porteauriente — Béliage
|-
|-
|Exprima
| style="background: deepskyblue; color: white;" |'''Marina'''
|X
| Inter-city rail
|Express {{wp|Higher-speed rail|higher-speed}} services calling only at major cities
| Montecara — Bacova
|-
|-
|Direta
| style="background: blue; color: white;" |'''Transconitia'''
|D
| Inter-city rail
|Mainline intercity services
| Sabas/Ciudad República/Milovan — Santeupul
|-
|-
|Rexio
| style="background: purple; color: white;" |'''Suran'''
|R
| Inter-city rail
|Regional trains calling at all or nearly all stations along a given line
| Desena — Brelu/Linești/Timeșesti
|-
|-
|Nocta
| style="background: orchid; color: white;" |'''Palmiera'''
|N
| Inter-city rail
|Night trains equipped with sleeping cars
| Portonovo — Osoríos
|-
|-
|Viaurea
| style="background: saddlebrown; color: white;" |'''Cisardes'''
|V
| Inter-city rail
|Commuter rail between Montecara and southeastern [[Luzela]]
| Devan/Perești/Aris — Cven/Terona
|}
|}


=== Euclostar ===
== Classes of service ==
{{main|Euclostar}}
[[File:Trenalia-seats1.jpeg|300px|thumb|First-class seating on Ultra service]]
Trenalia is a member of the Euclostar high-speed rail network and co-brands its services. Euclostar serves 13 stations on the Trenalia network, and a project to fully build out a system of dedicated high-speed track has been underway since 1993. Trains travel at speeds up to 350 km/h.
[[File:SJ X3 (X3000) interior.jpg|300px|thumbnail|Second-class seating on Exprima service]]
=== First class ===
All first-class tickets come with access to first-class waiting rooms at stations where available. Aboard the train, first-class passengers enjoy complimentary snacks and drinks, newspapers and magazines, and access to dedicated lounge and dining cars and meeting rooms on select trains.  


=== Exprima ===
==== Seating ====
Exprima is the designation for express rail services, mostly operating between major cities but calling at more stations than Euclostar trains. Higher average speeds are mostly achieved by limiting the number of stops, though some equipment is {{wp|Higher-speed rail|higher-speed}} and capable of traveling up to 220 km/h.
Trenalia uses several different seating configurations in its carriages. On trains with open-carriage seating, first-class seats are arranged three to a row and generally face forward aside from a few sets of two or four facing each other at the ends of carriages.  


=== Direta ===
On trains with compartment seating, first-class compartments seat four, arranged in two pairs of seats facing each other.  
Direta routes are mainline rail stopping at fewer stations than Rexio and more than Exprima, usually operating equipment that occupies a middle ground in terms of maximum speed. It is in essence "standard" intercity rail operating at conventional speeds.


=== Rexio ===
All first-class seats come with a table, reading lamp, and attendant call button.
Rexio is the designation for regional trains making all or nearly all stops along a line. Approximately 40% of routes served only by Rexio are electrified, with the remainder served by {{wp|Diesel multiple unit|diesel multiple units}}.


=== Nocta ===
==== Single sleeper ====
Nocta routes operate dedicated {{wp|Sleeping car|sleeper}} trains on long-distance routes. Accommodations include {{wp|roomette|roomettes}} for single travelers and compartments sleeping two to four, with or without private baths.  
A private room for a single traveler, first-class single sleepers come with a private toilet, shower, and sink. The bed converts to a couch and table for daytime use, and an attendant is on call to bring meals, drinks, and snacks and provide turndown service.  


=== Viaurea ===
==== Double sleeper ====
{{main|Viaurea}}
First-class double sleepers accommodate two and may be booked whole or by a single traveler, in which case they are single-sex. Like the single sleepers, they come with private toilet, shower, and sink, and an attendant is on call to bring meals, drinks, and snacks and provide turndown service.
Viaurea is the brand that Trenalia uses for its commuter rail servies operating to and from [[Montecara Pòrta Conìxia railway station]]. Seating is unreserved and single-class, and fares outside Montecara are fixed based on the distance traveled. Montecara itself is within the standard fare and ticketing zone shared with [[VM]]. Viaurea has an operating budget separate from that of the overall company, with additional subsidies from the governments of Montecara and the Paretian constitutent kingdom of [[Luzela]].


== Classes and fares ==
=== Second class ===
[[File:Trenalia-seats1.jpeg|300px|thumb|First-class seating on Exprima service]]
[[File:Trenalia-double2.jpeg|300px|thumbnail|A second-class double compartment configured for nighttime]]
Trenalia operates first and second classes on all of its services except Viaurea commuter rail.  
==== Seating ====
Second-class seats are slightly narrower than first-class ones, with four seats per row rather than three in open carriages and pairs of three seats each in compartment carriages.  They are generally equipped with folding tray tables. Drinks, snacks, and meals are available for purchase in the bar or dining car.


First-class tickets come with access to first-class waiting rooms at stations where available. Aboard the train, first-class passengers enjoy complimentary snacks and drinks, newspapers and magazines, and access to dedicated lounge and dining cars and meeting rooms on select trains. All first-class seats come with a table, reading lamp, and attendant call button. First-class sleepers come with a private toilet, shower, and sink. The bed converts to a couch and table for daytime use, and an attendant is on call to bring meals, drinks, and snacks and provide turndown service.  
==== Double sleeper ====
Second-class double compartments can be booked whole or by a single traveler, in which case they are single-sex. They have a private sink and share toilets with the rest of the carriage.  


=== Fares ===
==== Quartet ====
Trenalia uses a complex fare structure based on distance, date and time of travel, service class, train type, how far in advance the ticket is booked, and various other factors. This allows the company to maximize both profit and the general availability of tickets by matching supply and demand. The exception to this fare structure is Viaurea, which uses a transparent structure based on distance traveled. Tickets for Viaurea services can be purchased well in advance and used at any time by simply validating the ticket before boarding.
{{wp|Couchette car}} with space for four travelers per compartment. They are usually mixed-sex, but trains generally have at least one women's-only quartet, and groups may reserve the entire compartment. They have a private sink and share toilets with the rest of the carriage.


=== Reservations ===
=== Reservations ===
[[File:Second class seat number plate on CR400AF-A-2066 (20181024185530).jpg|thumb|250px|Lights above a row of second-class seats indicating that seat 3C is reserved]]
Reservations are required for single sleepers but are optional for all other tickets. Reserving a seat incurs a small additional charge.
Reservations are required for single sleepers but are optional for all other tickets. Reserving a seat incurs a small additional charge.


=== Loyalty program ===
== Fares and ticketing ==
Trenalia operates a loyalty program based on a discount card, Cartalia, which is available in three versions: Cartalia25, Cartalia50, and Cartalia100. The first two offer discounts of 25% and 50% respectively on all tickets; the last allows for unlimited travel on the entire rail network excluding sleepers, which require a small additional payment. This program allows frequent travelers to significantly reduce their expenses at the time of travel and makes train travel more competitive with cars, which have low operating costs but high capital and maintenance expenses.
Trenalia uses a complex fare structure based on distance, date and time, service class, train type, how far in advance the ticket is booked, and other factors.  
 
To encourage the use of trains as part of a longer trip, Trenalia has entered into an {{wp|air-rail alliance}} with the national carriers [[Aeracara]] and [[Viagem Paretia]]. Trains will {{wp|Codeshare agreement|codeshare}} with select flights, allowing passengers to seamlessly connect to far-off destinations and even to save time relative to having to make connecting or regional flights.
 
== Rolling stock ==
[[File:Trenalia-livery.png|900px|thumb|right|Current livery for intercity trains]]
[[File:Zaragoza train 2015 HST.JPG|300px|thumb|right|A Serie 101 high-speed train at [[Santa Fátima]] station]]
{|class="wikitable"
! Image
! Type
! Class
! Services
! Max. speed
! Built
|-
| [[File:Hugh llewelyn S-102 (5553835841).jpg|150px]]
| High-speed train
| {{wp|AVE Class 102|Serie 101}}
| Euclostar
| 350 km/h
| 2005–present
|-
| [[File:802201 on daytime testing at Northallerton on the ECML.jpg|150px]]
| Electric multiple unit
| {{wp|British Rail Class 802|802}}
| Exprima
| 225 km/h
| 2018
|-
| [[File:Örnsköldsvik Central Station 7.JPG|150px]]
| Electric multiple unit
| {{wp|SJ X55|X55}}
| Exprima
| 200 km/h
| 2000–2013
|-
| [[File:SJ X2000 te Strömstad.JPG|150px]]
| Electric locomotive
| {{wp|SJ X2|X2}}
| Exprima, Direta
| 200 km/h
| 1989–1998
|-
| [[File:X40.jpg|150px]]
| Electric multiple unit
| {{wp|SJ X40|X40}}
| Direta, Rexiò
| 200 km/h
| 2006–2019
|-
| [[File:Lörrach - Regio S-Bahn.jpg|150px]]
| Electric multiple unit
| {{wp|Stadler FLIRT|Serie 5000}}
| Rexiò
| 160 km/h
| 2004
|-
| [[File:EMU Z2M of ONCF between Sidi Mbarek du R'Dom and Bab-Tisra, Morocco.jpg|150px]]
| Electric multiple unit
| {{wp|Treno ad alta frequentazione|DF20 Super}}
| Rexiò
| 140 km/h
| 1998–2000
|-
| [[File:SJ Rc6 at Luleå C.JPG|150px]]
| Electric locomotive
| {{wp|SJ Rc|Rc}}
| Nocta, Non-revenue
| 135 km/h
| 1967–1988
|}


{{Template:Montecara topics}}
'''Cartalia''' is Trenalia's discount card, available in three versions: Cartalia25, Cartalia50, and Cartalia100. The first two offer discounts of 25% and 50% respectively on all tickets; the last allows for unlimited travel on the entire rail network excluding sleepers, which require a small additional payment.
[[Category:Montecara]]
[[Category:Paretia]]
[[Category:Rail transport]]

Latest revision as of 21:06, 21 August 2023

Template:Featured article is only for IIWiki:Featured articles.

Trenalia
Logo of Trenalia
Trenalia-map.png
Network map
Reporting markTNA
LocaleSoutheastern Conitia
Dates of operation1978 (1978)–present
Track gauge1,500 mm
Electrification25 kV / 50 Hz AC
HeadquartersMontecara
Websitetrenalia.co

Trenalia is an international passenger rail and rail services company serving southeastern Conitia. It is jointly owned by the states of Montecara, Nameria, Champenia, Hagieria and Agrilan, Mespalia, and the Desenan Republic. The company's headquarters is located at Montecara Pòrta Conìxia railway station.

History and ownership

Ownership of Trenalia since 2001

  Montecara (25%)
  Desenan Republic (25%)
  Champenia (15%)
  Nameria (15%)
  Hagieria & Agrilan (15%)
  Mespalia (5%)

Rail transport had been a key component of the inter-city transport system in southeast Conitia since the heyday of steam trains in the mid to late 19th century. By the 1950s, however, consolidation and rising capital costs as well as stock manipulation had made many smaller railways unprofitable. This trend accelerated over the next two decades, worsened by the advent of affordable air travel, and by the mid-1970s it was clear that passenger rail in the region was in crisis. Rail companies appealed to the state for help, and the governments of Montecara and the Desenan Republic responded by making a buyout offer to a consortium of railroad companies to take effect in 1978. The deal went through, and Trenalia was born on paper as the sole inter-city rail operator in the two countries.

Trenalia began operation on 7 March 1980 with service in Montecara and the Desenan Republic. Over the next two decades, the company’s financial viability and economy of scale convinced other states in the region to buy into the company and allow Trenalia to operate inter-city routes in their countries as well. By 1998, the company had extended operations to Nameria, Champenia, and Hagieria and Agrilan. The extension to Mespalia was completed in 2000.

States with Trenalia service are required to buy stock in the company when operations commence and to guarantee debt coverage in the event of budget shortfalls.

Divisions and subsidiaries

Trenalia is organized primarily into two operating divisions: Trenalia Nord and Trenalia Sud. These divisions are separated by the Lazarene Sea and are not connected to each other. Rolling stock and other equipment must be ferried across the sea as needed.

In addition to its core passenger-rail business, Trenalia operates a number of subsidiaries that cover other aspects of the rail transport industry. Trenalia Cargo conducts freight rail operations and Trenalia Infra manages the construction and maintenance of rail infrastructure.

Routes and lines

Trenalia route map

Trenalia services include high-speed, higher-speed, and conventional-speed rail. Night trains (except for high-speed services) often operate with attached sleeping cars which are detached when they reach their intended destination in the morning.

Trenalia organizes its services into the following lines:

Line Type Termini
Nerea Inter-city rail Amarești/Alunișu — Iouzzene (Pochiainen)
Iridia High-speed rail Montecara — Desena
Transhagierien Inter-city rail Cypresse — Tienge
Saciuva Inter-city rail Montecara — Campina/Gristol
Montagnes Inter-city rail Touillet — Latium
Serenissima Higher-speed rail Montecara — Valisoara
Costera Inter-city rail Concordia — Bellerose
Terrafirma Inter-city rail Veseud/Presaca — Videni/Milovan
Grandcitadi High-speed rail Porteauriente — Béliage
Marina Inter-city rail Montecara — Bacova
Transconitia Inter-city rail Sabas/Ciudad República/Milovan — Santeupul
Suran Inter-city rail Desena — Brelu/Linești/Timeșesti
Palmiera Inter-city rail Portonovo — Osoríos
Cisardes Inter-city rail Devan/Perești/Aris — Cven/Terona

Classes of service

First-class seating on Ultra service
Second-class seating on Exprima service

First class

All first-class tickets come with access to first-class waiting rooms at stations where available. Aboard the train, first-class passengers enjoy complimentary snacks and drinks, newspapers and magazines, and access to dedicated lounge and dining cars and meeting rooms on select trains.

Seating

Trenalia uses several different seating configurations in its carriages. On trains with open-carriage seating, first-class seats are arranged three to a row and generally face forward aside from a few sets of two or four facing each other at the ends of carriages.

On trains with compartment seating, first-class compartments seat four, arranged in two pairs of seats facing each other.

All first-class seats come with a table, reading lamp, and attendant call button.

Single sleeper

A private room for a single traveler, first-class single sleepers come with a private toilet, shower, and sink. The bed converts to a couch and table for daytime use, and an attendant is on call to bring meals, drinks, and snacks and provide turndown service.

Double sleeper

First-class double sleepers accommodate two and may be booked whole or by a single traveler, in which case they are single-sex. Like the single sleepers, they come with private toilet, shower, and sink, and an attendant is on call to bring meals, drinks, and snacks and provide turndown service.

Second class

A second-class double compartment configured for nighttime

Seating

Second-class seats are slightly narrower than first-class ones, with four seats per row rather than three in open carriages and pairs of three seats each in compartment carriages. They are generally equipped with folding tray tables. Drinks, snacks, and meals are available for purchase in the bar or dining car.

Double sleeper

Second-class double compartments can be booked whole or by a single traveler, in which case they are single-sex. They have a private sink and share toilets with the rest of the carriage.

Quartet

Couchette car with space for four travelers per compartment. They are usually mixed-sex, but trains generally have at least one women's-only quartet, and groups may reserve the entire compartment. They have a private sink and share toilets with the rest of the carriage.

Reservations

Lights above a row of second-class seats indicating that seat 3C is reserved

Reservations are required for single sleepers but are optional for all other tickets. Reserving a seat incurs a small additional charge.

Fares and ticketing

Trenalia uses a complex fare structure based on distance, date and time, service class, train type, how far in advance the ticket is booked, and other factors.

Cartalia is Trenalia's discount card, available in three versions: Cartalia25, Cartalia50, and Cartalia100. The first two offer discounts of 25% and 50% respectively on all tickets; the last allows for unlimited travel on the entire rail network excluding sleepers, which require a small additional payment.

Retrieved from "https://iiwiki.us/mediawiki/index.php?title=User:Montecara/Sandbox/Trenalia&oldid=697440"