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==Government and politics==
[[Category:Estmerish books]]
{{multiple image
{{Infobox book <!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject_Novels or Wikipedia:WikiProject_Books -->
| align    = right
| name    = A Place Called Firstworld
| image1    = Shri Jagdeep Dhankhar official Portrait.png
| image    = Firstworld fall.png
| width1    = 115
| border    = yes
| caption1  = [[Abhijit Kamalanayan]]<br /><small>[[First Secretary of the Satrian Section of the Workers' International (Arthasthan)|First Secretary]]</small>
| caption  = First edition cover
| image2    = The Governor of Nagaland, Shri R.N. Ravi.jpg
| author  = [[Jamie Woosley]]
| width2    = 116
| cover_artist = [[John Schoenherr]]
| caption2  = [[Jaidayal Indushekhar]]<br /><small>[[Premier of Arthasthan|Premier]]</small>
| country  = {{flag|Estmere}}
| language = Estmerish
| series  = ''[[Firstworld]]''
| genre    = {{wp|science fiction}}
| publisher = [[Broadleaf Publishing]]
| published = August 1967
| media_type  = Print ({{wp|hardcover}} & {{wp|paperback}})
| pages    = 341 <!-- First edition hardcover page count-->
| isbn    = <!--NA-->
| followed_by  = [[The Nearest End]]
}}
}}
Arthasthan's {{wp|constitution}}, the [[People's Laws of Arthasthan]], declares that the country is a federal union of socialist states united to achieve the goal of achieving a socialist society. The Laws officially establishes this socialist federation within the framework of as a {{wp|federalism|federal}} {{wp|democracy|democratic}} {{wp|republic}} governed by a {{wp|semi-presidential system}}. However in practice the [[Satrian Section of the Workers' International (Arthasthan)|Satrian Section of the Worker's International]] (SSWI) and its Subsections has significant influence over the country's politics. In addition, while Arthasthan's constitution guarantees basic {{wp|civil and political rights}} for all of its citizens, the government has inconsistently followed or ignored these protections entirely. For these reasons, Arthasthan is often considered by scholars to be an {{wp|illiberal democracy}}, a [[Southern democracy]], or an outright {{wp|Authoritarianism|authoritarian state}}.
'''''A Place Called Firstworld''''' is a {{wp|science fiction}} novel by Estmerish writer [[Jamie Woosley]]. Published in 1967, it became immensely popular and won numerous literary awards, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential works of Estmerish science fiction. It is the first major installment of the [[Firstworld Cycle|Firstworld]], a series of novels and short stories by Woosley. Much of the setting was described in previous works and are extensively referenced throughout the novel.
===Satrian Section===
The People's Laws of Arthasthan declares that the [[Satrian Section of the Workers' International (Arthasthan)|Arthani-led Satrian Section of the Workers' International]], "is the regional representative of the Workers' International, the Section shall play a leading role in the development of a socialist state" which constitutionalises its prominent status in Arthani politics. Since the foundation of the United Socialist Republic, the party institutions of the SSWI operate in parallel and in conjunction with normal government institutions. The party directly manages government functions, such as national defence through the [[Army of the Socialist Revolution]], and are under the control of the party's leadership rather than the state. The Section is not a traditional political party, but rather acts as a political forum for the socialist movement in Arthasthan, which consists of the [[United Front of the People]], and numerous labour unions, youth organizations, cultural organizations, charities, and other groups. The structure of the party is dual layered, consisting of the federal Satrian Section and many Subsections for each constituent states. The party structures of the Subsections largely emulated the structure of the Satrian Section. Local authorities were organized likewise into party congresses, councils and executive committees.


The highest office within the party is the [[First Secretary of the Satrian Section of the Workers' International (Arthasthan)|First Secretary]], who is also ''de facto'' {{wp|head of state}} of the United Socialist Republic. In addition to performing duties as head of state, the Secretary is {{wp|commander in chief}} of the [[Army of the Socialist Revolution]], and performs numerous key administrative functions of the party by controlling its national organisation. The First Secretary and other high level party officials make up the Secretariat, which functions as a collective leadership of the party. They are elected by the [[National Party Congress of the Satrian Section of the Workers' International (Arthasthan)|National Party Congress]], which is held annually. The National Congress serves as an official platform for debate within the party as it determines and approves party policy and elects party officials. When the National Congress is not in session, power is vested within the Secretariat.
The novel follows the story of a young civil servant named Dajeck Jed, who is sent as a delegate on behalf of his community to negotiate the creation of the Ekumen, a state that would encompass the entire planet of Risat. Risat is populated by refugees from all over the galaxy after the instantaneous collapse of interstellar civilizations across the galaxy. Jed’s mission to help forge a union is stymied by a lack of understanding of the different cultures of the participating people.


The last major party institution is the [[People's Congress of the Satrian Section of the Workers' International (Arthasthan)|People's Congress]] which is an assembly of representatives from the socialist movement. Its main purpose is to coordinate the policies of the national government with its member organisations. In addition it has ''de facto'' legislative powers, as many of its members are also Assembly delegates. While the Congress began as a party institution, it is increasingly functioning as part of the federal government, especially since membership of the Congress was opened to groups not directly affiliated with the Subsection.
The novel is widely considered to be a classic example of {{wp|soft science fiction|"soft" science fiction}}, and is one of the most famous examinations of {{wp|anthropology}} and {{wp|political science}} in the genre. The major theme of the novel is the effects of culture on politics and society, explored in particular through the characters' attempts to  build a state. In particular it examines how {{wp|institutional memory}} guides a society and shapes their politics, and compares how different worldviews of the various peoples shapes their ideas. The novel also explores Jed's interactions across cultures, the struggle between duty and morality, and the richness of cultural diversity.


===Government===
''Firstworld'' has been reprinted numerous times, translated into over a dozen languages, and received high praise from critics. It has won numerous literary awards such as X and X. It is considered one of the best fantasy books ever written and continues to be widely influential in the genre. It achieved a degree of literary recognition due to its exploration of themes not usually found in science fiction, such as democracy and revolutionary societies, capitalism, colonialism, and individualism and collectivism.
The People's Laws defines the Premier as the highest ''de jure'' state authority which conducts the general politics of the country and the superior body of the public administration. The Government is headed by the Premier who is appointed by the First Secretary and approved by the Assembly, the Deputy Premier, Ministers, Deputy Ministers, and other officials. The Premier wields executive powers, but has also limited legislative powers. The Premier is assisted by the Executive Council, consisting of various important government officials. They are collectively known as the Government. Each government is required to define the broad outline of its policies and present it to the Assembly for a mandatory period of debate. If the Assembly does not reject the government's outline by an absolute majority of deputies, the Government is approved.  


The People's Laws defines the legislature of Arthasthan, as the [[Assembly of Arthasthan|Assembly]]. It functions as a unicameral body consisting of around 600 members directly elected by {{wp|Party-list proportional representation}} by the population. The Assembly has broad legislative authority, but is mainly concerned with economic planning and the government budget. Parliamentary elections are scheduled every four years, but unstable coalitions or a no-confidence vote by the Assembly can dissolve a government earlier. While it is a de jure state institution, it shares significant ties with the [[People's Congress of the Satrian Section of the Workers' International (Arthasthan)|People's Congress]] of the Satrian Section as many deputies are members of both institutions. The People's Congress and the Assembly often coordinate together with the creating and implementation of national policy.  
==Background==
Woosley was born in 1921 in a  multicultural district of [[Morwall]], [[Estmere]]. Jamie Woosley's father, John Edward Woolsey was an {{wp|anthropologist}} and her mother, Julie Suryanto Woolsey was a political activist in [[Kingsport]]; both of her parents' experiences would influence all of her works. The {{wp|protagonists}} of many of Jamie Woosley's works are anthropologists or outsiders of some kind, who have to navigate through unfamiliar societies and cultures. The stories of the Firstworld Cycle frequently explore the effects of differing social and political systems in a complex world and her characters are interested and open minded in exploring them. When she was eight years old, Morwall fell to Gaullican forces during the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]]. The occupation of Estmere and the chaos and hardship that followed left a great impression on her life. Themes revolving around great societal changes and the {{wp|Bildungsroman|coming of age}} are often featured in Woosley’s works, especially the Firstworld series.


===Judiciary===
The early concepts for the Firstworld setting were developed in a short story in the form of a fictional historical chronicle after she was inspired after reading about the [[Solarian Empire]]. Although she developed the concept of the series early on, at first it was a series of disjointed short stories without a specific setting or timeline. During her education at the [[University of Morwall]], she published additional short stories that established the world of Firstworld and its important concepts. At least two "thought experiments" are explored in each ''Firstworld'' novel. The first is the idea that all humanoid species had a common origin from Earth and no aliens exist. The second idea is unique to each novel and forms the basis of the work.
Before 1987, the highest judicial authority in the country was the Satrian Section's Political and Legal Affairs Commission, which delegated responsibility of managing the judicial system to a series of committees. Since then power over the judiciary has been officially transferred to the [[Council of Judicial Affairs]]. Its members are appointed by the Preimer and confirmed by the Assembly. The Council of Judicial Affairs is not a court, but serves to organize the judicial system of the country by hiring, firing, promoting, and assigning judges. Although the Council of Justice is an independent body, it continues to cooperates closely with the Political and Legal Affairs Commission.
==Setting==
''Firstworld'' is set in the [[Khani cycle]] universe in the year 10243 CE, which was originally introduced in various short stories. In her {{wp|future history}} humanity discovers a {{wp|faster-than-light}} drive that allows humanity to colonize the entire galaxy through the use of {{wp|hyperspace}}. Although there is theoretically no limit to its capabilities, faster-than-light travel remains a time-consuming and expensive journey that requires destinations to be marked with special {{wp|transponders}}. As a result, humanity is scattered across the entire galaxy and interstellar travel beyond a dozen light years is rare. Long distance travel is largely limited to periodic contact between systems or colonization expeditions to unexplored systems. The difficulty of traveling ensures that societies are almost completely isolated except from their nearest neighbors and societies can rise and collapse from {{wp|Hunter-gatherer|hunter gatherer}} tribes to extremely advanced planet-spanning states. Furthermore planets habitable for human life are extremely rare and are almost always very different from Earth; thus through {{wp|evolution}} and {{wp|genetic engineering}} humans have adapted to fit their local environmental conditions. This led to an incredible level of biological diversity between the stars and even between planets, although they are still recognizably human. Woosley does not establish the entire history of the universe in a single story, instead letting readers piece it together from various works.


In turn the Council delegates non-constitutional judicial powers to the [[Supreme Court of Justice of Arthasthan|Supreme Court of Justice]]. The Court of Justice is the highest court for {{wp|criminal law|criminal}} and {{wp|private law}} and has supreme {{wp|appellate jurisdiction}} as well as supreme {{wp|original jurisdiction}} over non-constitutional cases. The Council of Justice also appoints the judges of several high courts that serve as regional judicial circuits, although the State government must approve the appointment. A regional judicial council appointed by the Council of Judicial Affairs also appoints the judges that serve the courts of the Local Districts, although it usually appoints a judge recommended by the District.
Approximately 100 years prior to the setting of the novel, all of humanity is united under an expansionist Empire after a series of massive wars. Guided by an imperialistic ideology, it seeks to impose its worldview on all of humanity. However due to the vast time and distances, the Empire stretched thin and unable to implement its statist ideology. As part of its goal, it seeks to make the  galactic transponder network faster and easier to cross. Suddenly one day the galactic transponder network is suddenly unnavigable without explanation, stranding all ships in hyperspace and unable to find their destination or return to their launch point. It leads to the near instantaneous collapse of interstellar civilization after nearly several thousand years of progress. Inexplicably an inactive transponder is able to be activated for a brief period that allows tens of dozens of spacecraft to arrive in the Risat system safely. Nevertheless they are stranded in a single solar system with a small mining colony on rocky planet. The crew of the ships, with many different physiologies that weren't ideal for the planet, were forced to settle on the most habitable spots of the planet.
===Law enforcement===
{{multiple image
  |align    = right
|direction = vertical
|width = 250
|image1    = SECURITY DURING GNC BANDH.jpg
|caption1  = Members of the Internal Security Force on guard
|image2    = Festival automobile international 2012 - Renault Sherpa light Scout - 006.jpg
|caption2  = An armored vehicle from the Reserve Police Force
}}
The law enforcement of Arthasthan is divided into federal level forces run by the national government and state and local forces managed by the various states. Federal law enforcement is largely controlled by the [[Central Police Forces]] of the [[Army of the Socialist Revolution]], which consists of three agencies. As they are controlled by the Army, the line between law enforcement and military forces are blurred. Academics consider the agencies of the Central Police Forces to be government {{wp|paramilitary}} forces. The largest agency is the Internal Security Force, which is tasked with guarding Arthasthan's internal borders and major roads. Its main role is {{wp|counter-insurgency}} and {{wp|counter-terrorism}} operations within Arthasthan. Furthermore there are four different Border Police Forces each tasked with policing the country's land borders in peacetime and preventing trans-border crimes. Finally there is the Special Security Force which protects government sites, key infrastructure, and provides security to government officials. The only federal law enforcement agency, under direct control of the civilian government is the National Police Force, which serves as a general law enforcement force dealing with organized crime and other federal crimes. In addition it maintains a quick reaction force that responds to riot and crowd control situations, formed after the [[1980 Baisara riots]]. In recent years, it has also taken on the role of monitoring the conduct of other law enforcement agencies for abuse of power.


Law enforcement below the federal level is handled by over a thousand agencies organised on the local, regional, and state levels. Organisation of these agencies varies considerably, although all States maintain a state wide law enforcement agency along with hundreds of local law enforcement agencies. These agencies are primarily in charge of law enforcement within the country.
The novel is set on Risat, an Earth-like planet but with major differences compared to Earth. It cooler with more extreme temperatures, thinner air, and lower gravity. Risat is dominated by one contiguous flat landmass known as the Basin, largely covered in deserts, mountains, shrublands, and savannah. The Basin is broken up by many shallow salty seas and the Upland, masses of rock shaped by the plaent's tectonics that rise high above the Basin in the thin air. Without access to advanced manufacturing and technologies and focused on survival, the societies of Risat experienced regression to a {{wp|Late modern period|late modern}} level of technology, although some are able to maintain some advanced technology. The peoples of the planet live in small city-states clustered around the more fertile regions of the planet.
===Administrative divisions===   
{| class="wikitable"
!Map!!Name!!Administrative centre!!Population
|-
| rowspan="20" |<center>{{Template:Arthsthan Labelled Map}}</center>
! colspan="10" |States
|-
| [[Samundrese Socialist State|Samundrese SS]]||[[Ocerto]]|| 9,048,957
|-
| [[Utcalani Socialist State|Utcalani SS]]||[[Precea]] || 13,105,386
|-
| [[Prasumi Socialist State|Prasumi SS]]||[[Encerosa]]  || 6,552,693
|-
| [[Matrabashi Socialist State|Matrabashi SS]]||[[Etimal]] || 2,496,264
|-
| [[Marani Socialist State|Marani SS]]||[[Etimal]] || 2,496,264
|-
! colspan="10" |Regions
|-
| [[Minkathalan Socialist Region|Minkathala SR]] ||[[Etimal]] || 2,496,264
|-
| [[Vijaylan Socialist Region|Vijaylan SR]] ||[[Etimal]] || 2,496,264
|-
| [[Valarna Socialist Region|Valarna SR]] ||[[Etimal]] || 2,496,264
|-
! colspan="10" |Other subdivisions
|-
| [[Central Peoples' State]] ||[[Etimal]] || 2,496,264
|-
| [[Capital District of Arthasthan|Capital District]] ||[[Etimal]] || 2,496,264
|-
|}
Arthasthan has a tiered governmental system consisting of a federal government overseeing states, autonomous regions, zones, and districts. After the federal level, Arthasthan is divided into several ethnically based and politically autonomous subdivisions and the Capital District of Nadipatnam. There are five States and three Autonomous regions for each major ethnicity in the country. The States and regions are subdivided into zones, and then further into districts. In addition there is the Central Peoples' Republic, which encompasses the multi-ethnic [[Vanavasi]] people and incorporates their traditional tribal and village governing system.


The constitution assigns extensive power to its subdivisions, which are governed through the [[Council republic|Councilist]] system of governance as required by the consitution. Each subdivisions has at its apex a state or regional council where members are directly elected to represent the districts and the council has legislative and executive power to direct internal affairs of the subdivision.  
==Plot summary==
===Foreign relations===
The protagonist of the novel is Dajeck Jed, a delegate from the ''Dusksar'' settlement, who is sent to take part in the first years of a provisional government. Jed travels to the planet's informal capital, a bustling  where he meets other delegates from other settlements. While many delegates are taking part, the major players taking part are Gethen, Blue Spear, and Thun.
===Armed forces===
==Characters==
==Themes==
==Style and structure==
==Reception==
==Adaptations==

Latest revision as of 21:59, 28 December 2023

A Place Called Firstworld
Firstworld fall.png
First edition cover
AuthorJamie Woosley
Cover artistJohn Schoenherr
CountryTemplate:Country data Estmere
LanguageEstmerish
SeriesFirstworld
Genrescience fiction
PublishedAugust 1967
PublisherBroadleaf Publishing
Media typePrint (hardcover & paperback)
Pages341
Followed byThe Nearest End 

A Place Called Firstworld is a science fiction novel by Estmerish writer Jamie Woosley. Published in 1967, it became immensely popular and won numerous literary awards, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential works of Estmerish science fiction. It is the first major installment of the Firstworld, a series of novels and short stories by Woosley. Much of the setting was described in previous works and are extensively referenced throughout the novel.

The novel follows the story of a young civil servant named Dajeck Jed, who is sent as a delegate on behalf of his community to negotiate the creation of the Ekumen, a state that would encompass the entire planet of Risat. Risat is populated by refugees from all over the galaxy after the instantaneous collapse of interstellar civilizations across the galaxy. Jed’s mission to help forge a union is stymied by a lack of understanding of the different cultures of the participating people.

The novel is widely considered to be a classic example of "soft" science fiction, and is one of the most famous examinations of anthropology and political science in the genre. The major theme of the novel is the effects of culture on politics and society, explored in particular through the characters' attempts to build a state. In particular it examines how institutional memory guides a society and shapes their politics, and compares how different worldviews of the various peoples shapes their ideas. The novel also explores Jed's interactions across cultures, the struggle between duty and morality, and the richness of cultural diversity.

Firstworld has been reprinted numerous times, translated into over a dozen languages, and received high praise from critics. It has won numerous literary awards such as X and X. It is considered one of the best fantasy books ever written and continues to be widely influential in the genre. It achieved a degree of literary recognition due to its exploration of themes not usually found in science fiction, such as democracy and revolutionary societies, capitalism, colonialism, and individualism and collectivism.

Background

Woosley was born in 1921 in a multicultural district of Morwall, Estmere. Jamie Woosley's father, John Edward Woolsey was an anthropologist and her mother, Julie Suryanto Woolsey was a political activist in Kingsport; both of her parents' experiences would influence all of her works. The protagonists of many of Jamie Woosley's works are anthropologists or outsiders of some kind, who have to navigate through unfamiliar societies and cultures. The stories of the Firstworld Cycle frequently explore the effects of differing social and political systems in a complex world and her characters are interested and open minded in exploring them. When she was eight years old, Morwall fell to Gaullican forces during the Great War. The occupation of Estmere and the chaos and hardship that followed left a great impression on her life. Themes revolving around great societal changes and the coming of age are often featured in Woosley’s works, especially the Firstworld series.

The early concepts for the Firstworld setting were developed in a short story in the form of a fictional historical chronicle after she was inspired after reading about the Solarian Empire. Although she developed the concept of the series early on, at first it was a series of disjointed short stories without a specific setting or timeline. During her education at the University of Morwall, she published additional short stories that established the world of Firstworld and its important concepts. At least two "thought experiments" are explored in each Firstworld novel. The first is the idea that all humanoid species had a common origin from Earth and no aliens exist. The second idea is unique to each novel and forms the basis of the work.

Setting

Firstworld is set in the Khani cycle universe in the year 10243 CE, which was originally introduced in various short stories. In her future history humanity discovers a faster-than-light drive that allows humanity to colonize the entire galaxy through the use of hyperspace. Although there is theoretically no limit to its capabilities, faster-than-light travel remains a time-consuming and expensive journey that requires destinations to be marked with special transponders. As a result, humanity is scattered across the entire galaxy and interstellar travel beyond a dozen light years is rare. Long distance travel is largely limited to periodic contact between systems or colonization expeditions to unexplored systems. The difficulty of traveling ensures that societies are almost completely isolated except from their nearest neighbors and societies can rise and collapse from hunter gatherer tribes to extremely advanced planet-spanning states. Furthermore planets habitable for human life are extremely rare and are almost always very different from Earth; thus through evolution and genetic engineering humans have adapted to fit their local environmental conditions. This led to an incredible level of biological diversity between the stars and even between planets, although they are still recognizably human. Woosley does not establish the entire history of the universe in a single story, instead letting readers piece it together from various works.

Approximately 100 years prior to the setting of the novel, all of humanity is united under an expansionist Empire after a series of massive wars. Guided by an imperialistic ideology, it seeks to impose its worldview on all of humanity. However due to the vast time and distances, the Empire stretched thin and unable to implement its statist ideology. As part of its goal, it seeks to make the galactic transponder network faster and easier to cross. Suddenly one day the galactic transponder network is suddenly unnavigable without explanation, stranding all ships in hyperspace and unable to find their destination or return to their launch point. It leads to the near instantaneous collapse of interstellar civilization after nearly several thousand years of progress. Inexplicably an inactive transponder is able to be activated for a brief period that allows tens of dozens of spacecraft to arrive in the Risat system safely. Nevertheless they are stranded in a single solar system with a small mining colony on rocky planet. The crew of the ships, with many different physiologies that weren't ideal for the planet, were forced to settle on the most habitable spots of the planet.

The novel is set on Risat, an Earth-like planet but with major differences compared to Earth. It cooler with more extreme temperatures, thinner air, and lower gravity. Risat is dominated by one contiguous flat landmass known as the Basin, largely covered in deserts, mountains, shrublands, and savannah. The Basin is broken up by many shallow salty seas and the Upland, masses of rock shaped by the plaent's tectonics that rise high above the Basin in the thin air. Without access to advanced manufacturing and technologies and focused on survival, the societies of Risat experienced regression to a late modern level of technology, although some are able to maintain some advanced technology. The peoples of the planet live in small city-states clustered around the more fertile regions of the planet.

Plot summary

The protagonist of the novel is Dajeck Jed, a delegate from the Dusksar settlement, who is sent to take part in the first years of a provisional government. Jed travels to the planet's informal capital, a bustling where he meets other delegates from other settlements. While many delegates are taking part, the major players taking part are Gethen, Blue Spear, and Thun.

Characters

Themes

Style and structure

Reception

Adaptations