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{{Infobox former country
{{Sidebar with collapsible lists
|conventional_long_name = Jhanda Empire
| pretitle = Part of [[:Category:Ashankism|a series]] on
|native_name = <small>''Jhanda Saamraajy ({{wp|hindi language|Matrabashi}})''</small>
| title = [[Ashankism]]
|common_name = Jhanda Empire
| image = [[File:Triquetra-circle-interlaced.svg|100px|Commonly used symbol of Ashankism]]
|era                    = Jhanda Era
| bodyclass = vcard hlist
|status                = Extinct
| titlestyle = padding:0.2em;background:#F4C430;
|status_text            = <!-- A free text to describe status at the top of the infobox. Use sparingly. -->
| listtitlestyle = background:#F4C430; text-align:center;
|government_type        = {{wp|Absolute Monarchy}}
| listclass = plainlist
<!-- Rise and fall, events, years and dates -->
| expanded = none
<!-- only fill in the start/end event entry if a specific article exists. Don't just say "abolition" or "declaration" -->
 
|event_start            = Established
| list1name = <!-- History -->
|year_start            = 430
| list1title = History
|event_end              = Fall of Kismat
| list1 =  
|year_end              = 800
* [[Ashankism#Origins|Origins]]
|year_exile_start      = 800
* [[Naratha River Civilisation]]
|year_exile_end        = 802
* [[Madhyarajyas]]
|event1                = Tauma-Jhanda conflict begins
* [[Southern Expansion]]
|date_event1            = 680
* [[Ashankism#Under Colonial Rule|Crisis of Faith]]
|event2                = Southern Expansion
 
|date_event2            = 730
| list2name = <!-- Scripture and Concepts-->
|event3                = Start of the Adhenata Kayud
| list2title = {{wp|Religious text|Scripture}} and [[Sanātana Satya|Principles]]
|date_event3            = 759
| list2 =  
|event4                =
* '''[[The Aamnayas]]'''
|date_event4            =
----
|event5                =
* '''[[Sanātana Satya]]'''
|date_event5            =  
 
|event6                =  
* [[Sanātana Satya#Anekose|Anekose]]
|date_event6            =
* {{wp|Reincarnation}}
|event_pre              = <!-- Optional: A crucial event that took place before "event_start" -->
* {{wp|Karma}}
|date_pre              =  
* {{wp|Dharma}}
|event_post            = <!-- Optional: A crucial event that took place after "event_end" -->
 
|date_post              =
| list3name = <!-- Practices and Concepts-->
<!-- Flag navigation: Preceding and succeeding entities p1 to p5 and s1 to s5 -->
| list3title = Practices and Concepts
|p1                    = Mahasanarikavas
| list3 =  
|flag_p1                = RajyagharFlag.png
* [[Ashankism#Worship|Worship]]
|p2                    =
* [[Ashankism#Meditation|Meditation]]
|flag_p2                =
* [[Ashankism#Festivals|Festivals]]
|s1                    = Sangma Dynasty
----
|flag_s1                =
* [[Ashankism#Worldview|Worldview]]
|s2                    = Madhyarajyas
* [[Ashankism#Gods in Ashankism|Gods]]
|flag_s2                = RajyagharFlag.png
* [[Ashankism#Ethics|Ethics]]
|image_flag            = JhandaFlag.png
 
|flag_alt              = Flag of the Jhanda Empire
| list4name = <!-- Trimurtism -->
|flag                  = List of Rajyani flags
| list4title = [[Trimurtism]]
|flag_type              = Flag
| list4 =  
|image_coat            = Heraldic peacock.svg
* '''[[Ashankism#Leadership|Individuals]]'''
|coa_size              = 75
 
|coat_alt              = Rajprateek of the Jhanda Dynasty
** [[Monarchy of Rajyaghar|Sarvoch Rakshak]]
|symbol_type            = Rajprateek
** [[Panditrao]]
|symbol_type_article    = Prateek
----
|image_map              = Jhanda Empire (745-759).png
* '''[[Ashankism#Structure|Institutions]]'''
|image_map_alt          =
 
|image_map_caption      = The Jhanda Empire between 745-759 CE
** [[Khaleesiya Dharmasabha]]
|image_map2            = <!-- If second map is needed; does not appear by default -->
** [[Pavitra Parishad]]
|image_map2_alt        =
 
|image_map2_caption    =
| list5name = <!-- relatedtopics -->
|capital                = Kismat
| list5title = Related topics
|capital_exile          = Kinadica
| list5 =  
|national_motto        = झंडा आगे ले जाना (jhanda aage le jaana)<br>Carrying forward the flag
* [[Glossary of Ashankism]]
|national_anthem        =
* [[Rajyaghar]]
|common_languages      = {{wp|Hindi language|Matrabasha}}
* [[List of religions and spiritual traditions (Kylaris)|List of religions and spiritual traditions]]
|religion              = Ashram
|demonym                = Jhandan
|currency              =
<!-- Titles and names of the first and last leaders and their deputies -->
|leader1                = Rajaram I
|leader2                = Prashant II
|leader3                =
|leader4                =
|year_leader1          = First
|year_leader2          = Last
|year_leader3          =
|year_leader4          =
|title_leader          = Samrat
|representative1        = <!-- Name of representative of head of state (e.g. colonial governor) -->
|representative2        =
|representative3        =
|representative4        =  
|year_representative1  = <!-- Years served -->
|year_representative2  =
|year_representative3  =
|year_representative4  =
|title_representative  = <!-- Default: "Governor" -->
|deputy1                = <!-- Name of prime minister -->
|deputy2                =
|deputy3                =
|deputy4                =
|year_deputy1          = <!-- Years served -->
|year_deputy2          =  
|year_deputy3          =  
|year_deputy4          =
|title_deputy          = <!-- Default: "Prime minister" -->
<!-- Legislature -->
|legislature            = Shahee Parishad
<!-- Area and population of a given year -->
|stat_year1            = <!-- year of the statistic, specify either area, population or both -->
|stat_area1            = <!-- area in square kílometres (w/o commas or spaces), area in square miles is calculated -->
|stat_pop1              = <!-- population (w/o commas or spaces), population density is calculated if area is also given -->
|stat_year2            =  
|stat_area2            =  
|stat_pop2              =
|stat_year3            =
|stat_area3            =
|stat_pop3              =
|stat_year4            =
|stat_area4            =
|stat_pop4              =
|stat_year5            =
|stat_area5            =
|stat_pop5              =
|today                  = {{flag|Rajyaghar}}
}}
}}


The Jhanda Empire was an ancient rajyani historical power in north Satria which existed from 430 to 802 CE. At its peak, between the 7th and 9th centuries, it covered most of modern-Rajyaghar. The Empire was a centralised power with the capital of [[Kismat]] being the political, economic and religious capital of the Empire. Along its periphery, the Empire exerted its influence by offering protection to smaller states and cities in return for taxes.
'''Ashankism''' is a [[Satria|Satrian]], {{wp|Panentheism|panentheistic}} religion, although it is often regarded as more of a way of life than a religion. It is the largest religion in [[Rajyaghar]]and has over 50 million followers worldwide, who are called Ashankus. The religion dates back to the time of the [[Mahasanarikavas]]. The word Ashankism comes from the ancient {{wp|Sanskrit|matrabasha}} language meaning "The Faith".
 
Ashankism first emerged as a {{wp|folk religion}} amongst the numerous settlements within the Naratha River Civilisation but would later emerge as an {{wp|organized religion}} during the Vikasan Era. Whilst there continue to be many diverse traditions and practices within Ashankism, they all revolve around the same core beliefs known as ''[[Sanātana Satya]]'' ({{wp|Hindi language|Matrabashi}}: सनातन सत्य, {{wp|Literal translation|lit}}. "the Eternal Truth"). There are 4 "Sidhanton" (Matrabashi: सिद्धांतों, {{wp|Literal translation|lit}}. "Princples") within the Sanātana Satya; the principle of [[Sanātana Satya#Anekose|Anekose]] in which there is one supreme being that spans time and space but there are different forms of this one true being which take up the form of Gods, the principle of {{wp|reincarnation}} in which the physical form is a host for the soul which then passes from one host to another after death, the principle of {{wp|karma}} in which every action has a positive or negative outcome which impacts your journey of reincarnation, and the principle of {{wp|dharma}} in which one must walk the ethical and righteous path to be one with the supreme being and break the cycle of reincarnation so that their soul can merge with that of the supreme being. Whilst there are numerous sects of Ashankism, which vary in their ritualistic traditions, the overwhelming majority of ashankus belong to the {{wp|Organized religion|organised}} [[Trimurtism|Ashankism]] sect.
 
==Etymology==
[[File:Somnath-current.jpg|125px|right|thumb|An Ashanki Mandir]]
"Ashankism" is based on the word "Ashank", coming from the ancient matrabasha language to mean "The Faith". The matrabasha language dominated the [[Naratha River]] basin where Ashankism originates. Prior to 600 BCE, the numerous settlements of the basin would slowly develop a common set of core beliefs, which would later become the Sanātana Satya. When the Mahasanarikavas emerged in 600 BCE, this belief system would be expanded upon and due to its dominance in the basin as the sole religious faith, would take the name of "The Faith".
 
Followers of Ashankism are called Ashankus, and the adjective version of Ashankism is Ashanki. Ashanki places of worship are called Mandirs, coming from the matrabasha words for "inner self" and "place", with Mandirs being places of worship to individual God (or avatars) through self reflection and prayer.
 
==Sanātana Satya==
The Sanātana Satya are the four core principles of Ashankism and were the basis of the religion during its emergence in the Mahasanarikavas. The four principles are; Anekose (belief in a supreme being who can take the form of various avatars commonly called Gods), Reincarnation (belief that the soul passes from one physical form to another after death), Karma (belief that every action has a negative or positive outcome), and Dharma (belief that one must live life ethically).
 
===Anekose===
[[File:Trimurti1940s.jpg|150px|right|thumb|The Trimurti]]
In Ashankism, the concept of God varies between monotheism and polytheism but within the realms of panetheism. The core principle related to God in Ashankism is "Anekose" (Matrabashi: अनेकों से, lit. "from many one") and is found both in the written scriptures (i.e, The Aamnayas) and through verbally passed down teachings. Anekose is the belief that there is a supreme being that is not constrained by both time and space and that all life is a part of this supreme being (Antaryamin). This supreme being is known as "[[Parmatma]]".
 
The concept of Anekose includes the ability of the supreme being, Parmatma, to take the form of {{wp|avatar|avatars}}, commonly referred to as Gods. There are 3 main avatars (or Gods) of Parmatma, collectively known as the Trimurti or ANA. These Trimurtal Gods then each have their own avatars covering various elements and fields related to those of their Trimurtal God. The Trimurti Gods are [[Adikarah]] (God of Creation), [[Nashanam]] (God of Destruction), [[Adhipa]] (God of Preservation).
 
===Reincarnation===
 
===Karma===
 
===Dharma===
 
==Symbolism==
 
===Trikatra===
[[File:Triquetra-circle-interlaced.svg|100px|right|thumb|The Trikatra]]
The ''Trikatra'' (Matrabashi: त्रिकत्र, lit. "triquetra") is one of the most prominent and oldest Ashanki symbols. Its origins date back to the [[Madhyarajyas]] when priests would emblazen their clothing with the symbol to show that they were religious teachers. The Trikatra is a triangular figure consisting of three interlaced lens shapes with an interlaced circle. The three lens shapes represent the three Trimurtal Gods with the interlaced circle representing the supreme being; Parmatma.
 
During the [[Vikasan Era]], the Trikatra was used by the [[Naratha Confederacy]] as its [[Prateek|state symbol]] and on its flag. To this day, the Trikatra is adorned on religious clothing and flags and there is a movement in the Federal Territory of Bishnupur to change the territorial flag to incorporate the Trikatra. It is also the main symbol used by followers of Trimurtism.
 
==History==
 
The origins of Ashankism coincide with the development of the Sansarikavas around 600 BCE. By the time of the formation of the Mahasanarikavas in 300 BCE, Ashankism had developed and taken on a form close to what it is today with the Sanātana Satya forming its foundation. The origins of some of the religion's traditions can be traced back to prehistoric religions and civilisations. The development of Ashankism is intertwined with each of the Sansarikavas resulting in a synthesis combining the different traditions and practices of the various communities across early Rajyaghar but revolving around the core principles of the Sanātana Satya.


Founded by the Dynasty to which the Empire is named after, the Jhanda Empire's most notable rulers include its founder, Rajaram I, and its last Emperor, Prashant II. During Samrat Rajaram I's rule, the Empire rapidly expanded to dominate the Naratha river basin, conquering numerous city-states and minor kingdoms which had been isolated following the [[Bahulsantulan]]. From the early 6th to 680 CE, the borders of the Empire would remain relatively unchanged, focusing on internal development and exerting its influence over northern satria. In the late 7th Century, the [[Tauma]] began to encroach on the borders of the Empire, resulting in a 50 year period of constant conflict between the two powers. The Empire would rapidly expand southward following the collapse of the Tauma. The over-extension of the Empire in a short period of time exhausted the army and weakened the state. By the mid 700s, the [[Sangma]] had reached the periphery of the Empire and following a series of skirmishes, engaged the Jhanda Empire in the [[Adhenata Kayud]]. The war would savage the Empire's heartlands and in 800, the capital of Kismat was looted by the Sangma forces. Following the escape of Samrat Prashant II to [[Kinadica]], the Empire signed a treaty of suzerainty and would collapse into multiple smaller states under the Sangma two years later.
The history of Ashankism can be divded into different periods which coincide with Rajyani history. The first period is "the origins" which dates from the first records of its traditions and practices to the formation of the first Mahasanarikavas in 300 BCE. Following the origins was the golden era which ended in the Bahulsantulan in 325 CE. The Bahulsantulan marked the beginning of the age the andhera (Matrabashi: अंधेरा lit. "darkness") for Ashankism as civilisations retreated to isolated settlements until the formation of the [[Jhanda Empire]] in 430 CE. Following the rise of the Jhanda Empire, its leaders would increase the authority of priests, relying on them for domestic stability and governance resulting in a resurgance of Ashankism and the development of institutional elements of the faith. The Vikasan Era (1100-1635) saw a renaissance for Ashankism and is widely viewed by scholars as a turning point for Ashankism in which the organised and institutionalised elements of Ashankism would predominate the faith through [[Bishnupur|Pavitravastha]]; a city-state formed and ruled by the Trimurtic Order of Priests which would spread its influence and dominate the Ashankic faith throughout north-western Satria. Throughout its history, much like the early states of Rajyaghar, the Ashankic faith would come under threat from the [[Irfan|Irfanic]] invaders of the north-west, the [[Tulyata|Tulyatan]] and [[Ashram|Ashramic]] nations of Satria and the [[Sotirianity|Sotirian]] colonialists from Euclea.


Under the Jhanda Empire, internal trade between the cities flourished, agriculture thrived and exapnded and the once independent and isolated settlements were connected through a single system of taxation, administration and security. The Empire would establish the first major road network across its lands and even extending into its satellite city-states and territories. Much of this internal development was started to help fund the Empire's expansion but would later serve to solidify the Dynasty's control over its territories. The Jhanda Era is now widely accepted to be a period of re-development following the Bahulsantulan, with the matrabahsi language flourishing, the ashram faith developing and spreading and the rights of women increasing. However, it also saw a period of great subjugation for minority communities and repression of non-ashram faiths and increased tensions.
Throughout the colonial period, the Etrurian authorities maintained control through a policy of divide and conquer. This policy saw the colonies of [[Satria Etruriana]] and [[Balesaria]] strictly divided through religious and cultural divides. In Balesaria and in the northern colonial states in Satria Etruriana, the Ashankic elite were allowed to enter the lower levels of colonial administration whereas in the south of Satria Etruriana, the Ashramic elite were given priority, resulting in mistrust between the native satrians against one another and also reducing the spread of the ashramic and ashankic faiths north and south respectively. The legacy of this policy is regarded as one of the main reasons for mistrust between Rajyaghar and [[Arthasthan]] during the 20th Century post-independence, and why the overwhelming majority of Ashankus reside in Rajyaghar with disporas being a rarity outside of the Kingdom.

Latest revision as of 21:38, 28 May 2022

Ashankism is a Satrian, panentheistic religion, although it is often regarded as more of a way of life than a religion. It is the largest religion in Rajyagharand has over 50 million followers worldwide, who are called Ashankus. The religion dates back to the time of the Mahasanarikavas. The word Ashankism comes from the ancient matrabasha language meaning "The Faith".

Ashankism first emerged as a folk religion amongst the numerous settlements within the Naratha River Civilisation but would later emerge as an organized religion during the Vikasan Era. Whilst there continue to be many diverse traditions and practices within Ashankism, they all revolve around the same core beliefs known as Sanātana Satya (Matrabashi: सनातन सत्य, lit. "the Eternal Truth"). There are 4 "Sidhanton" (Matrabashi: सिद्धांतों, lit. "Princples") within the Sanātana Satya; the principle of Anekose in which there is one supreme being that spans time and space but there are different forms of this one true being which take up the form of Gods, the principle of reincarnation in which the physical form is a host for the soul which then passes from one host to another after death, the principle of karma in which every action has a positive or negative outcome which impacts your journey of reincarnation, and the principle of dharma in which one must walk the ethical and righteous path to be one with the supreme being and break the cycle of reincarnation so that their soul can merge with that of the supreme being. Whilst there are numerous sects of Ashankism, which vary in their ritualistic traditions, the overwhelming majority of ashankus belong to the organised Ashankism sect.

Etymology

An Ashanki Mandir

"Ashankism" is based on the word "Ashank", coming from the ancient matrabasha language to mean "The Faith". The matrabasha language dominated the Naratha River basin where Ashankism originates. Prior to 600 BCE, the numerous settlements of the basin would slowly develop a common set of core beliefs, which would later become the Sanātana Satya. When the Mahasanarikavas emerged in 600 BCE, this belief system would be expanded upon and due to its dominance in the basin as the sole religious faith, would take the name of "The Faith".

Followers of Ashankism are called Ashankus, and the adjective version of Ashankism is Ashanki. Ashanki places of worship are called Mandirs, coming from the matrabasha words for "inner self" and "place", with Mandirs being places of worship to individual God (or avatars) through self reflection and prayer.

Sanātana Satya

The Sanātana Satya are the four core principles of Ashankism and were the basis of the religion during its emergence in the Mahasanarikavas. The four principles are; Anekose (belief in a supreme being who can take the form of various avatars commonly called Gods), Reincarnation (belief that the soul passes from one physical form to another after death), Karma (belief that every action has a negative or positive outcome), and Dharma (belief that one must live life ethically).

Anekose

In Ashankism, the concept of God varies between monotheism and polytheism but within the realms of panetheism. The core principle related to God in Ashankism is "Anekose" (Matrabashi: अनेकों से, lit. "from many one") and is found both in the written scriptures (i.e, The Aamnayas) and through verbally passed down teachings. Anekose is the belief that there is a supreme being that is not constrained by both time and space and that all life is a part of this supreme being (Antaryamin). This supreme being is known as "Parmatma".

The concept of Anekose includes the ability of the supreme being, Parmatma, to take the form of avatars, commonly referred to as Gods. There are 3 main avatars (or Gods) of Parmatma, collectively known as the Trimurti or ANA. These Trimurtal Gods then each have their own avatars covering various elements and fields related to those of their Trimurtal God. The Trimurti Gods are Adikarah (God of Creation), Nashanam (God of Destruction), Adhipa (God of Preservation).

Reincarnation

Karma

Dharma

Symbolism

Trikatra

The Trikatra

The Trikatra (Matrabashi: त्रिकत्र, lit. "triquetra") is one of the most prominent and oldest Ashanki symbols. Its origins date back to the Madhyarajyas when priests would emblazen their clothing with the symbol to show that they were religious teachers. The Trikatra is a triangular figure consisting of three interlaced lens shapes with an interlaced circle. The three lens shapes represent the three Trimurtal Gods with the interlaced circle representing the supreme being; Parmatma.

During the Vikasan Era, the Trikatra was used by the Naratha Confederacy as its state symbol and on its flag. To this day, the Trikatra is adorned on religious clothing and flags and there is a movement in the Federal Territory of Bishnupur to change the territorial flag to incorporate the Trikatra. It is also the main symbol used by followers of Trimurtism.

History

The origins of Ashankism coincide with the development of the Sansarikavas around 600 BCE. By the time of the formation of the Mahasanarikavas in 300 BCE, Ashankism had developed and taken on a form close to what it is today with the Sanātana Satya forming its foundation. The origins of some of the religion's traditions can be traced back to prehistoric religions and civilisations. The development of Ashankism is intertwined with each of the Sansarikavas resulting in a synthesis combining the different traditions and practices of the various communities across early Rajyaghar but revolving around the core principles of the Sanātana Satya.

The history of Ashankism can be divded into different periods which coincide with Rajyani history. The first period is "the origins" which dates from the first records of its traditions and practices to the formation of the first Mahasanarikavas in 300 BCE. Following the origins was the golden era which ended in the Bahulsantulan in 325 CE. The Bahulsantulan marked the beginning of the age the andhera (Matrabashi: अंधेरा lit. "darkness") for Ashankism as civilisations retreated to isolated settlements until the formation of the Jhanda Empire in 430 CE. Following the rise of the Jhanda Empire, its leaders would increase the authority of priests, relying on them for domestic stability and governance resulting in a resurgance of Ashankism and the development of institutional elements of the faith. The Vikasan Era (1100-1635) saw a renaissance for Ashankism and is widely viewed by scholars as a turning point for Ashankism in which the organised and institutionalised elements of Ashankism would predominate the faith through Pavitravastha; a city-state formed and ruled by the Trimurtic Order of Priests which would spread its influence and dominate the Ashankic faith throughout north-western Satria. Throughout its history, much like the early states of Rajyaghar, the Ashankic faith would come under threat from the Irfanic invaders of the north-west, the Tulyatan and Ashramic nations of Satria and the Sotirian colonialists from Euclea.

Throughout the colonial period, the Etrurian authorities maintained control through a policy of divide and conquer. This policy saw the colonies of Satria Etruriana and Balesaria strictly divided through religious and cultural divides. In Balesaria and in the northern colonial states in Satria Etruriana, the Ashankic elite were allowed to enter the lower levels of colonial administration whereas in the south of Satria Etruriana, the Ashramic elite were given priority, resulting in mistrust between the native satrians against one another and also reducing the spread of the ashramic and ashankic faiths north and south respectively. The legacy of this policy is regarded as one of the main reasons for mistrust between Rajyaghar and Arthasthan during the 20th Century post-independence, and why the overwhelming majority of Ashankus reside in Rajyaghar with disporas being a rarity outside of the Kingdom.