User:Holynia/Sandbox2: Difference between revisions

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| manufacturer = [[Aero Stežery]]
| manufacturer = [[Aero Stežery]]
| first flight = {{Start date and age|1992|03|20|df=yes}}
| first flight = {{Start date and age|1992|03|20|df=yes}}
| introduction = {{Start date and age|2002|06|09|df=yes}}
| introduction = {{Start date and age|1996|06|09|df=yes}}
| retired = <!-- retired-->
| retired = <!-- retired-->
| status = In service
| status = In service
| primary user = [[Royal Holyn Air Force]]
| primary user = [[Royal Holyn Air Force]]
| more users =  
| more users =  
| produced = February 2002&nbsp;– present
| produced = February 1995&nbsp;– present
| number built = 164 <small>(2020)</small>
| number built = 164 <small>(2020)</small>
| program cost = $9 billion (2005)
| program cost = $9 billion (2005)
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The '''Aero Stežery AS-100''' is a Holynian single-engine, {{wp|multirole}} {{wp|fighter aircraft}} designed and built by [[Aero Stežery]]. The aircraft has a cropped-delta wing design with {{wp|fly-by-wire}} controls. It is powered by the Láska R-51 turbofan engine and is capable of Mach 1.8. Initial prototypes featured the Doležal R-50 engine, the same engine on the {{wp|MiG-29|SOKO So-30}}, however, chronic smoke trail issues saw it replaced by the R-51.  
The '''Aero Stežery AS-100''' is a Holynian single-engine, {{wp|multirole}} {{wp|fighter aircraft}} designed and built by [[Aero Stežery]]. The aircraft has a cropped-delta wing design with {{wp|fly-by-wire}} controls. It is powered by the Láska R-51 turbofan engine and is capable of Mach 1.8. Initial prototypes featured the Doležal R-50 engine, the same engine on the {{wp|MiG-29|SOKO So-30}}, however, chronic smoke trail issues saw it replaced by the R-51.  


Developed for the Ľahký frontový bojovník ({{wp|English}}: Light frontline fighter) program, the AS-100 was developed in the late 1980s and 1990s. The fighter traces part of its design back to the {{wp|MiG-21|Aero Stežery AS-70}} fighter aircraft of the 1960s. The first prototype flew in 1992 and initially 100 aircraft were ordered by the Holyn government in 1995. The fall of communism in Holynia and Bogorian war for independence saw the AS-100 order cancelled. In 2002, the Ministry of Defence placed an initial order for 50 AS-100 aircraft. The AS-100 replaced the {{wp|MiG-21|Aero Stežery AS-70}} fighter jet and the {{wp|Sukhoi Su-24|Aero Stežery AS-83R}} reconnaissance plane in Holyn service.
Developed for the Ľahký frontový bojovník ({{wp|English}}: Light frontline fighter) program, the AS-100 was developed in the late 1980s and 1990s. The fighter traces part of its design back to the {{wp|MiG-21|Aero Stežery AS-70}} fighter aircraft of the 1960s. The first prototype flew in 1992 and initially 100 aircraft were ordered by the Holyn government in 1993. The fall of communism in Holynia and Bogorian war for independence saw the AS-100 only enter limited service. In 2002, the Ministry of Defence revived its order for AS-100 aircraft. The AS-100 replaced the {{wp|MiG-21|Aero Stežery AS-70}}, {{wp|Sukhoi Su-17|Aero Stežery AS-72}}, and {{wp|Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23|SOKO SO-21}} in Holyn service.


Aero Stežery has offered the Mk II model of the AS-100, which features front canards, a new powerplant, new air and ground targeting pods and increased fuel capacity. Holynia opted for the M variant, which lacks the front canards but features the new targeting pods and upgraded fuel capacity.
Aero Stežery has offered the Mk II model of the AS-100, which features front canards, a new powerplant, new air and ground targeting pods and increased fuel capacity. Holynia opted for the M variant, which lacks the front canards but features the new targeting pods and upgraded fuel capacity.
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In 1991, a second prototype was completed, this time from scratch, and successfully conducted high speed taxi tests in July 1991. In January 1992, a third prototype was completed and conducted its maiden flight that March. Stability issues arose with the second prototype. Joint research both by SOKO and Aero Stežery began on developing fly-by-wire systems for their aircraft at the same time. A fourth prototype flew in January 1993. Air Force observers noted that heavy smoke trails, common also on the SOKO So-30, were trailing the AS-97-3. The smoke trail issue became so problematic that the Holyn Air Force threatened to award the LFB contract to SOKO. In October 1993, the Čiernik R-51 engine was installed on the fifth prototype. All remaining prototypes and production aircraft would receive the R-51 engine. In February 1994, SOKO withdrew from the LFB program in order to focus on its 5th generation fighter aircraft. The fifth prototype crashed outside Bystrica in May 1995.
In 1991, a second prototype was completed, this time from scratch, and successfully conducted high speed taxi tests in July 1991. In January 1992, a third prototype was completed and conducted its maiden flight that March. Stability issues arose with the second prototype. Joint research both by SOKO and Aero Stežery began on developing fly-by-wire systems for their aircraft at the same time. A fourth prototype flew in January 1993. Air Force observers noted that heavy smoke trails, common also on the SOKO So-30, were trailing the AS-97-3. The smoke trail issue became so problematic that the Holyn Air Force threatened to award the LFB contract to SOKO. In October 1993, the Čiernik R-51 engine was installed on the fifth prototype. All remaining prototypes and production aircraft would receive the R-51 engine. In February 1994, SOKO withdrew from the LFB program in order to focus on its 5th generation fighter aircraft. The fifth prototype crashed outside Bystrica in May 1995.
===Production===
===Production===
Aero Stežery formally designated the aircraft, the AS-100. In late 1995, the Holyn government approved an order for 150 AS-100 fighter aircraft. Production would begin in late 1997 in Aero Stežery's Bologd facility. The Bologd location was one of the two production lines of the [[Aero Stežery Super Čajka]]. It was the only Aero Stežery facility with space for additional production lines, however, would require significant retooling and upgrades. Aero Stežery initially wanted to produce the aircraft at the Kościerzyna, Bogoria factory, however, the Holyn Air Force also ordered 150 additional AS-95 fighter jets, limiting space at the Kościerzyna factory. Time constraints meant that Aero Stežery had little option but to use the Bologd facility for initial production. The outbreak of the Bogorian War for Independence and subsequent fall of the communist Holyn government saw the AS-100 production put on indefinite hold. In 1999, the new government formally cancelled the order.
Aero Stežery formally designated the aircraft, the AS-100. In late 1993, the Holyn government approved an order for 150 AS-100 fighter aircraft. Production would begin in late 1995 in Aero Stežery's Bologd facility. The Bologd location was one of the two production lines of the [[Aero Stežery Super Čajka]]. It was the only Aero Stežery facility with space for additional production lines, however, would require significant retooling and upgrades. Aero Stežery initially wanted to produce the aircraft at the Kościerzyna, Bogoria factory, however, the Holyn Air Force also ordered 150 additional AS-95 fighter jets, limiting space at the Kościerzyna factory. Time constraints meant that Aero Stežery had little option but to use the Bologd facility for initial production. The first aircraft were delivered in 1996. The outbreak of the Bogorian War for Independence and subsequent fall of the communist Holyn government saw the AS-100 production put on indefinite hold. In 1999, the new government formally cancelled the order.
[[File:AS-100_mountain.jpeg|250px|thumb|An AS-100, armed with training missiles, during the Knights 2017 training exercises in northern Hornatyia.]]
[[File:AS-100_mountain.jpeg|250px|thumb|An AS-100, armed with training missiles, during the Knights 2017 training exercises in northern Hornatyia.]]
In 2001, the Narodna Rada passed legislation authorizing the Ministry of Defense to procure 50 new single engine fighters. The Ministry of Defense turned to Aero Stežery, who offered the AS-100. Production would begin at teh Bologd factory in early 2002 and the first aircraft was handed over to the Air Force for acceptance trials in June 2002. The 78th Aviation Wing in Harhov was the first unit to receive the new aircraft. Fully outfitted by January 2003, the AS-100 replaced the units older AS-70 fighter aircraft. Issues with the aerial refueling system prevented its addition to the earliest production aircraft of 16 aircraft. This issue was corrected in late 2003 and all remaining aircraft would have aerial refueling capabilities. Aero Stežery was ordered by the High Court to give a rebate to the Ministry of Defense as a result of the aerial refueling issue. In early 2004, the legislature authorized the additional order of 100 AS-100 fighter aircraft. An additional 10 AS-100 trainer aircraft were also to be delivered. In 2010, all 160 AS-100 fighter aircraft had entered service in the Royal Holyn Air Force.
In 2001, the Narodna Rada passed legislation authorizing the Ministry of Defense to procure 50 new single engine fighters. The Ministry of Defense turned to Aero Stežery, who offered the AS-100. Production would begin at teh Bologd factory in early 2002 and the first aircraft was handed over to the Air Force for acceptance trials in June 2002. The 78th Aviation Wing in Harhov was the first unit to receive the new aircraft. Fully outfitted by January 2003, the AS-100 replaced the units older AS-70 fighter aircraft. Issues with the aerial refueling system prevented its addition to the earliest production aircraft of 16 aircraft. This issue was corrected in late 2003 and all remaining aircraft would have aerial refueling capabilities. Aero Stežery was ordered by the High Court to give a rebate to the Ministry of Defense as a result of the aerial refueling issue. In early 2004, the legislature authorized the additional order of 100 AS-100 fighter aircraft. An additional 10 AS-100 trainer aircraft were also to be delivered. In 2010, all 160 AS-100 fighter aircraft had entered service in the Royal Holyn Air Force.
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==Specifications (AS-100M)==
==Specifications (AS-100M)==
==See also==
==See also==
= Skoskie =
= HT-85 =
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox weapon
|official_name                  = Holyn Overseas Territory of Skoskie<br/>''Holynske zámorské územie Skoskie'' ({{wp|Slovak language|Holyn}})
| image = File:Army2016demo-158.jpg
|native_name                    = ''Skoskie'' ({{wp|Slovak language|Holyn}})
| caption = The HT-85B is the most numerous variant
|name                   = Skoskie
| name = HT-85
|settlement_type        = Overseas Holyn Collective Territory
| type = {{wp|Main battle tank}}
|image_skyline          =
| origin = [[Holynia]]
|imagesize              =
| designer = Kurimany Machine & Tractor Works
|image_alt              =
| design_date = 1978-1983
|image_caption          =
| manufacturer = [[Pozbator]] (HT-85B, BV)<br>[[Budča Bednář]] (HT-85D)
|image_flag              =
| unit_cost =  
|flag_alt                =
| service = 1985-present
|image_seal              =
| production_date = 1983-1997
|seal_alt                =
| number = 2,500+
|image_shield            =
| is_vehicle = yes
|shield_alt              =
| crew = 3 (commander, gunner and driver)
|etymology              =
| length = Overall: {{convert|9.7|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|nickname                =
| width = {{convert|3.6|m|ftin|0|abbr=on}}
|motto                  = ''Jednota a Spoločenstvo''
| height = {{convert|2.202|m|ftin|0|abbr=on}}
|image_map              =
| weight = {{convert|42.5|t|abbr=on}}
|map_alt                =
| armour = Steel, composite armor, {{wp|Reactive armour|ERA}}
|map_caption            =
| primary_armament = 125mm smoothbore gun with {{wp|ATGM}} capability
|pushpin_map            =
| secondary_armament = 7.62mm coax gun<br>12.7 commander gun
|pushpin_map_alt        =
| engine = Svanik GS75H gas turbine<br />1,250 hp
|pushpin_map_caption    =
| transmission = Manual, 4 forward, 1 reverse
|pushpin_label_position  =
| suspension = {{wp|Torsion bar}}
|coordinates            = <!-- {{coord|latitude|longitude|type:city|display=inline,title}} -->
| speed = {{convert|80|km/h|abbr=on}}
|coor_pinpoint          =
| pw_ratio = 27.2 hp/tonne
|coordinates_footnotes  =
| vehicle_range = {{convert|335|km}}
|subdivision_type        = Country
|subdivision_name        = {{flag|Holynia}}
|subdivision_type1      = Capital
|subdivision_name1      = [[Mundosa]]
|subdivision_type2      = Kraj
|subdivision_name2      = 6
|subdivision_type3      =  
|subdivision_name3      =
|established_title      =
|established_date        =
|founder                =
|seat_type              =
|seat                    =
|government_footnotes    =
|government_type        =
|governing_body          =
|leader_party            =
|leader_title            = Monarch
|leader_name            = Mikuláš I
|leader_title1          = Governor
|leader_name1            = Miroslav Formánek
|leader_title2          = Chief Administrator
|leader_name2            = Radim Novák
|leader_title3          = Minister of Overseas Territories
|leader_name3            = Eva Kolínová
|leader_title4          = Leader of Skoskie Council
|leader_name4            = Onwughara Achebe
|unit_pref              = Metric
<!-- ALL fields with measurements have automatic unit conversion -->
<!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
|area_footnotes          =  
|area_urban_footnotes    = <!-- <ref> </ref> -->
|area_rural_footnotes    = <!-- <ref> </ref> -->
|area_metro_footnotes    = <!-- <ref> </ref> -->
|area_note              =  
|area_water_percent      =  
|area_rank              =
|area_blank1_title      =
|area_blank2_title      =
<!-- square kilometers -->
|area_total_km2          = 937,191
|area_land_km2          =  
|area_water_km2          =
|area_urban_km2          =
|area_rural_km2          =
|area_metro_km2          =  
|area_blank1_km2        =  
|area_blank2_km2        =
<!-- hectares -->
|area_total_ha          =
|area_land_ha            =
|area_water_ha          =
|area_urban_ha          =
|area_rural_ha          =  
|area_metro_ha          =  
|area_blank1_ha          =
|area_blank2_ha          =
|length_km              =
|width_km                =
|dimensions_footnotes    =  
|elevation_footnotes    =  
|elevation_m            =
|population_footnotes    =
|population_as_of        = 2019
|population_total        = 18,102,341
|population_density_km2  = auto
|population_note        =
|population_demonym      = Holyn<br>Skoskian
|timezone1              = Western Navron Time
|utc_offset1            = -2
|timezone1_DST          =  
|utc_offset1_DST        =
|postal_code_type        =  
|postal_code            = HS HK-SK
|area_code_type          =
|area_code              =
|area_codes              = +63 +91 +034
|iso_code                = HS
|website                = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
|module                  =
|footnotes              =
}}
}}
'''Skoskie''', officially the Holyn Overseas Territory of Skoskie, is a [[Holyn colony]] in western [[Sayuin]] [[Navron]]. Its capital is Mundosa, a city with a population of 8 million. Skoskie has a territory of over 937,191 square kilometers. It is a multi ethnic society, with various {{wp|slavic}} nationalities and native [[Navronian]] groups. As of the 2019 census, it has a population of 18,102,341 people. Skoskie borders [[Corvic Navron]], [[Tichone]] and [[West Wrutesh]]. The western coast leads to the Central Ocean. The country is developed, with extensive infrastructure and high income jobs. The economy of Skoskie is largely reliant on copper, diamond and gold mining and its related exports. Other industries such as manufacturing and banking grew in the 20th century to support mineral exports.
The '''HT-85''' is a [[Holynia|Holyn]] main battle tank designed by [[Kurimany Machine & Tractor Works]] and manufactured since 1984. The tank is an improvement on the earlier HT-75. The tank has been in service with the [[Holyn Ground Forces]] since 1985. The HT-85 was the first mass-produced Holyn main battle tanks to feature a gas-turbine engine. The gas-turbine was developed by Svanik Engineering Collaborative. The engine was developed from a helicopter engine offered by Svanik. The HT-85 was primarily built by [[Pozbator]] in Pozba, Holynia. The HT-85 features an improved 125mm smoothbore gun, improved fire control station, night and day sights for the commander and improved communications equipment. The vehicle also received the Clona-2 explosive reactive armour, drastically altering its exterior look compared to the HT-75. A simultaneous diesel engine variant of the HT-85 was designed by Kurimany Machine & Tractor Works and Budča Bednář. Further variants were developed in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Production ended in 1997, when the [[HT-90]] entered production, itself a development of the HT-85.


Skoskie was a colony of the Holyn Kingdom from 1824 to 1927, when Skoskie became an independent state in the aftermath of the Holyn revolution. It became an overseas territory of Holynia in 2001 after the fall of communism.
== Development ==
 
== Production history ==
Supporters of the monarchy fled to Skoskie and established the Kingdom of Hornats and Masovs in Skoskie. The Kingdom initially became highly centralized until the death of Kováč II in 1931. His succesor, Robert III, relinquished most powers and became a figurehead.
== Service history ==
 
== Design ==
The local Navronian population suffered as the white Slavic population grew dramatically in the aftermath of the Holyn revolution and other Speran revolutions. Skoskie's politics were based around monarchist parties, slavic supremecist parties and liberal parties.
== Operators ==
=== Current operators ===
* {{flag|Holynia}}: 1,509 HT-85B/D/BV/BM/DM/BM2 in active service.
* [[File:Flag_of_Samara_Oblast.svg|25px]] [[Avchensk]]: 163 HT-85B in active service.
=== Former operators ===
* {{flagicon|Holynia|1925}} [[Holynia|Holyn Socialist Union]]: 2,500 in active service in 1996. All were passed onto succesor states.
* {{flag|Bogoria}}: Roughly 300 were captured during the [[Bogoria War]] in the late 1990s. All were retired due to high maintenance costs and part unavailability.
= Mikuláš-class aircraft carrier =
{|{{Infobox ship begin|infobox caption=yes
}}
{{Infobox ship image
| Ship image = MilitarySportsHoliday2017-03.jpg
| Ship image size = 300px
| image alt =
| Ship caption = ''HMS King Mikuláš I'' in 2017
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
| Name = ''HMS King Mikuláš I'' class
| Builders = *Tavna Shipyard
| Operators = *{{flagicon|Holynia|1925}} [[Royal Holyn Navy|Holyn Navy]] (1991-1997)
*[[File:Flag_of_Royal_Holyn_Navy.png|25px]] [[Royal Holyn Navy]] (1997-present)
| Class before = {{sclass|Jalovec|aircraft carrier|4}}
| Class after = *Vackov class (Holyn Socialist Union &mdash; cancelled)
| Subclasses = *Benedikt class
| Cost =
| Built range = 1982–2002
| In service range =
| In commission range = 17 May 1991–present
| Total ships building =
| Total ships planned =
| Total ships completed = 2
| Total ships cancelled =
| Total ships active = 2
| Total ships lost =
| Total ships retired =
| Total ships laid up =
| Total ships preserved =
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
| Hide header =
| Header caption =
| Ship type = [[Aircraft carrier]]
| Ship displacement = *{{convert|43000|t|LT|lk=on|abbr=on}}, light
*{{convert|55000|t|LT|abbr=on}}, standard
*{{convert|58600|t|LT|abbr=on}}, max
| Ship length = {{convert|305|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| Ship beam = {{convert|72|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| Ship height =
| Ship draught = {{convert|11|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| Ship power =
| Ship propulsion = *Steam turbines {{convert|80000|shp|lk=on|abbr=on}}
*{{convert|200000|shp|abbr=on}}
| Ship speed = {{convert|29|kn|lk=in}}
| Ship range = * {{convert|8500|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|18|kn|abbr=on}}
* {{convert|3800|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|29|kn|abbr=on}}
| Ship endurance =
| Ship troops =
| Ship complement = 1,500
| Ship time to activate =
| Ship sensors =
| Ship EW =
| Ship armament =
**3 × CIWS
**3 × SAMs
| Ship armour =
| Ship aircraft = *30–50
* 18–32 × fixed-wing aircraft
* 18–24 × helicopters
| Ship aircraft facilities = *Angled arrested landing flight deck
*{{wp|Aircraft ski-jump|Bow ski-jump}}
| Ship notes =
}}
|}The '''Mikuláš-class''' '''aircraft carrier''' (Holyn: Lietadlová loď Triedy Mikuláš), Royal Holyn Navy designation '''Project 3491 aircraft carrier''', is a class of STOBAR (Short Take-Off But Arrested Recovery) aircraft carriers developed for the Holyn Socialist States, and now operated by the [[Royal Holyn Navy]]. Consisting of two vessels, the HMS ''King Mikuláš I'' and HMS ''King Benedikt IV'', the class represented a major advance in Holyn naval capabilities over its predecessors. The project to construct these carriers began in 1982, with four ships planned by 2000. The class was to be followed by the Vackov class of nuclear supercarriers. The first ship was laid down in 1982 as the ''Kracovice.'' She was completed and entered service in 1991. Her introduction represented a pivotal moment for the Holyn Socialist States, allowing for increased projection of naval power and enhanced security capabilities in the region.


Skoskie's native black Navronian population were granted limited rule, such as a seperate legal system. Free areas were established in 1939, where black citizens were granted equal treatment to white slavs. Other parts of the country, including Port Provmek, were designated as "slavic only" areas.
The follow-up vessel, ''Rejta'', was commissioned in 1993, further solidifying the capabilities of the then ''Kracovice''-class. This ship featured refinements based on operational feedback from its predecessor. These included a modifications to the ski-jump ramp on the bow, a slightly wider and longer hull, smaller bridge and increased space for hangar bays. The changes were significant enough to warrant the ''Rejta'' as her own subclass of the ''Kracovice''. Modifications were made to the Rejta's propulsion system, improving the performance of her boilers. The addition of the ''Rejta'' to the fleet enabled the Holyn Socialist States to maintain a more robust and flexible naval presence.


Throughout the 20th century, the white slavic population in Skoskie continued to grow, but by 1970 would be outpaced by the local Navronian population. In the 1980s, as other Speran colonies in Navron faced uprisings and revolts, Skoskie was relatively peaceful. The local Navronian population were granted enfranchisement, with the ability to elect members to parliament.
In 1995, the construction of the third vessel, a further refinement of the Rejta subclass, was paused indefinitely due to the growing economic difficulties faced by the Holyn Socialist States. The ensuing collapse of the country led to an uncertain future for the two Kracovice-class vessels. The Vackov class was permanently cancelled and the under construction hull was dismantled in 1999. In 2000, both the Kracovice and Rejta were renamed to HMS ''King Mikuláš I'' and HMS ''King Benedikt IV,'' respectively.


In 1999, negotiations began between Holynia and Skoskie about possible reunification. In 2001, both sides agreed to reunification, with Skoskie returning as an Overseas Colony of Holynia.
Both ships continue to operate in the Royal Holyn Navy, with the ''King Mikuláš I'' being assigned to the 1st Fleet and the ''King'' ''Benedikt IV'' being assigned to 2nd Fleet. A series of mechanical breakdowns in the late 2000s led to public scrutiny of Holynia's carrier fleet. The ''King Mikuláš I'' in particular has faced significant issues owing to her being the initial ship in the class. In 2011, she underwent a early overhaul and modernization project aimed to rectify a number of issues plaguing the ship. She reentered service in 2014. In 2022, the ''King Mikuláš I'' once again returned to the dry dock to undergo a modernisation and overhaul project to extend her life. She is projected to reenter service in 2025. The ''King Benedikt IV'' has not faced the same level of mechanical issues as her sister ship. In 2015, she underwent a minor modernisation project that was completed in 2016. She will enter an extensive overhaul and modernisation project in 2026 similar to her sister ship.

Latest revision as of 17:31, 1 November 2024

Aero Stežery AS-100
Pakistan JF-17 (modified).jpg
A AS-100 of the Royal Holyn Air Force
Role Multirole combat aircraft
National origin Holynia
Manufacturer Aero Stežery
First flight 20 March 1992; 32 years ago (1992-03-20)
Introduction 9 June 1996; 28 years ago (1996-06-09)
Status In service
Primary user Royal Holyn Air Force
Produced February 1995 – present
Number built 164 (2020)
Program cost $9 billion (2005)
Unit cost
$23 billion (2005)
Developed from Aero Stežery AS-70

The Aero Stežery AS-100 is a Holynian single-engine, multirole fighter aircraft designed and built by Aero Stežery. The aircraft has a cropped-delta wing design with fly-by-wire controls. It is powered by the Láska R-51 turbofan engine and is capable of Mach 1.8. Initial prototypes featured the Doležal R-50 engine, the same engine on the SOKO So-30, however, chronic smoke trail issues saw it replaced by the R-51.

Developed for the Ľahký frontový bojovník (English: Light frontline fighter) program, the AS-100 was developed in the late 1980s and 1990s. The fighter traces part of its design back to the Aero Stežery AS-70 fighter aircraft of the 1960s. The first prototype flew in 1992 and initially 100 aircraft were ordered by the Holyn government in 1993. The fall of communism in Holynia and Bogorian war for independence saw the AS-100 only enter limited service. In 2002, the Ministry of Defence revived its order for AS-100 aircraft. The AS-100 replaced the Aero Stežery AS-70, Aero Stežery AS-72, and SOKO SO-21 in Holyn service.

Aero Stežery has offered the Mk II model of the AS-100, which features front canards, a new powerplant, new air and ground targeting pods and increased fuel capacity. Holynia opted for the M variant, which lacks the front canards but features the new targeting pods and upgraded fuel capacity.

Development

Background

The AS-100 was conceived during the Ľahký frontový bojovník (English: Light frontline fighter) program. The LFB program was initiated in 1986 to replace the Aero Stežery AS-70 and counter similar foreign single engine fighter jets. The program also had the stated goal of the aircraft achieving both comparable capabilities with the Aero Stežery AS-90 and SOKO So-30, while being faster and cheaper to produce. As the development began, Aero Stežery lead designer Vladimír Mäsiar took the basic design of the AS-70 and began making heavy modifications. In 1989, a basic prototype built from a AS-70 airframe was completed. This aircraft conducted ground tests for Doležal R-50 engine, the same engine used on the SOKO So-30. This aircraft was designed AS-97-1.

Flight testing

In 1991, a second prototype was completed, this time from scratch, and successfully conducted high speed taxi tests in July 1991. In January 1992, a third prototype was completed and conducted its maiden flight that March. Stability issues arose with the second prototype. Joint research both by SOKO and Aero Stežery began on developing fly-by-wire systems for their aircraft at the same time. A fourth prototype flew in January 1993. Air Force observers noted that heavy smoke trails, common also on the SOKO So-30, were trailing the AS-97-3. The smoke trail issue became so problematic that the Holyn Air Force threatened to award the LFB contract to SOKO. In October 1993, the Čiernik R-51 engine was installed on the fifth prototype. All remaining prototypes and production aircraft would receive the R-51 engine. In February 1994, SOKO withdrew from the LFB program in order to focus on its 5th generation fighter aircraft. The fifth prototype crashed outside Bystrica in May 1995.

Production

Aero Stežery formally designated the aircraft, the AS-100. In late 1993, the Holyn government approved an order for 150 AS-100 fighter aircraft. Production would begin in late 1995 in Aero Stežery's Bologd facility. The Bologd location was one of the two production lines of the Aero Stežery Super Čajka. It was the only Aero Stežery facility with space for additional production lines, however, would require significant retooling and upgrades. Aero Stežery initially wanted to produce the aircraft at the Kościerzyna, Bogoria factory, however, the Holyn Air Force also ordered 150 additional AS-95 fighter jets, limiting space at the Kościerzyna factory. Time constraints meant that Aero Stežery had little option but to use the Bologd facility for initial production. The first aircraft were delivered in 1996. The outbreak of the Bogorian War for Independence and subsequent fall of the communist Holyn government saw the AS-100 production put on indefinite hold. In 1999, the new government formally cancelled the order.

An AS-100, armed with training missiles, during the Knights 2017 training exercises in northern Hornatyia.

In 2001, the Narodna Rada passed legislation authorizing the Ministry of Defense to procure 50 new single engine fighters. The Ministry of Defense turned to Aero Stežery, who offered the AS-100. Production would begin at teh Bologd factory in early 2002 and the first aircraft was handed over to the Air Force for acceptance trials in June 2002. The 78th Aviation Wing in Harhov was the first unit to receive the new aircraft. Fully outfitted by January 2003, the AS-100 replaced the units older AS-70 fighter aircraft. Issues with the aerial refueling system prevented its addition to the earliest production aircraft of 16 aircraft. This issue was corrected in late 2003 and all remaining aircraft would have aerial refueling capabilities. Aero Stežery was ordered by the High Court to give a rebate to the Ministry of Defense as a result of the aerial refueling issue. In early 2004, the legislature authorized the additional order of 100 AS-100 fighter aircraft. An additional 10 AS-100 trainer aircraft were also to be delivered. In 2010, all 160 AS-100 fighter aircraft had entered service in the Royal Holyn Air Force.

Upgrades and improvements

In 2009, Aero Stežery unveiled the AS-100M, an updated version of the AS-100. The AS-100M features the Hegyi passively scanned array radar, IRV55 IRST system and the Seme air to ground targeting pod. It also features updated avionics, including LCD displays, upgraded HUD and HOTAS controls. Fuel capacity was increased, improving its range to 900 miles. The fly-by-wire system also received upgrades after feedback from the Royal Holyn Air Force. The initial AS-100 can be updated with some features of the AS-100M, designated AS-100AM, however lack the LCD cockpit displays, upgraded fly-by-wire and increased fuel capacity. The Ministry of Defense ordered 50 AS-100M fighter jets in 2015 and would upgrade 50 of its 160 AS-100A fighters to the AS-100AM standard. The first combat unit was fully outfitted with AS-100M fighters in May 2017.

Aero Stežery continued designing upgraded AS-100 variants in the 2010s. The AS-110 was showcased in 2016. Featuring significant airframe changes including removing the rear elevators with front canards, a new wing and tail design among other changes. The first prototype was produced in 2019 and showcased as a static display at the 2020 Bystrica Air Expo.

Design

Airframe

Cockpit

Propulsion

Avionics

Weaponry

Operational history

Holynia

Variants

Prototypes

Production variants

Operators

 Holynia

Specifications (AS-100M)

See also

HT-85

HT-85
Army2016demo-158.jpg
The HT-85B is the most numerous variant
TypeMain battle tank
Place of originHolynia
Service history
In service1985-present
Production history
DesignerKurimany Machine & Tractor Works
Designed1978-1983
ManufacturerPozbator (HT-85B, BV)
Budča Bednář (HT-85D)
Produced1983-1997
No. built2,500+
Specifications
Weight42.5 t (41.8 long tons; 46.8 short tons)
LengthOverall: 9.7 m (31 ft 10 in)
Width3.6 m (11 ft 10 in)
Height2.202 m (7 ft 3 in)
Crew3 (commander, gunner and driver)
ArmorSteel, composite armor, ERA
Main
armament
125mm smoothbore gun with ATGM capability
Secondary
armament
7.62mm coax gun
12.7 commander gun
EngineSvanik GS75H gas turbine
1,250 hp
Power/weight27.2 hp/tonne
TransmissionManual, 4 forward, 1 reverse
SuspensionTorsion bar
Operational
range
335 kilometres (208 mi)
Speed80 km/h (50 mph)

The HT-85 is a Holyn main battle tank designed by Kurimany Machine & Tractor Works and manufactured since 1984. The tank is an improvement on the earlier HT-75. The tank has been in service with the Holyn Ground Forces since 1985. The HT-85 was the first mass-produced Holyn main battle tanks to feature a gas-turbine engine. The gas-turbine was developed by Svanik Engineering Collaborative. The engine was developed from a helicopter engine offered by Svanik. The HT-85 was primarily built by Pozbator in Pozba, Holynia. The HT-85 features an improved 125mm smoothbore gun, improved fire control station, night and day sights for the commander and improved communications equipment. The vehicle also received the Clona-2 explosive reactive armour, drastically altering its exterior look compared to the HT-75. A simultaneous diesel engine variant of the HT-85 was designed by Kurimany Machine & Tractor Works and Budča Bednář. Further variants were developed in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Production ended in 1997, when the HT-90 entered production, itself a development of the HT-85.

Development

Production history

Service history

Design

Operators

Current operators

  •  Holynia: 1,509 HT-85B/D/BV/BM/DM/BM2 in active service.
  • Flag of Samara Oblast.svg Avchensk: 163 HT-85B in active service.

Former operators

  • Holynia Holyn Socialist Union: 2,500 in active service in 1996. All were passed onto succesor states.
  •  Bogoria: Roughly 300 were captured during the Bogoria War in the late 1990s. All were retired due to high maintenance costs and part unavailability.

Mikuláš-class aircraft carrier

Holynia/Sandbox2
MilitarySportsHoliday2017-03.jpg
HMS King Mikuláš I in 2017
Class overview
Name: HMS King Mikuláš I class
Builders: Tavna Shipyard
Operators:
Preceded by: Jalovec class
Succeeded by: Vackov class (Holyn Socialist Union — cancelled)
Subclasses: Benedikt class
Built: 1982–2002
In commission: 17 May 1991–present
Completed: 2
Active: 2
General characteristics
Type: Aircraft carrier
Displacement:
  • 43,000 t (42,000 long tons), light
  • 55,000 t (54,000 long tons), standard
  • 58,600 t (57,700 long tons), max
Length: 305 m (1,000 ft 8 in)
Beam: 72 m (236 ft 3 in)
Draught: 11 m (36 ft 1 in)
Propulsion:
  • Steam turbines 80,000 shp (60,000 kW)
  • 200,000 shp (150,000 kW)
Speed: 29 knots (54 km/h; 33 mph)
Range:
  • 8,500 nmi (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 18 kn (33 km/h; 21 mph)
  • 3,800 nmi (7,000 km; 4,400 mi) at 29 kn (54 km/h; 33 mph)
Complement: 1,500
Armament:
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    • 3 × CIWS
    • 3 × SAMs
Aircraft carried:
  • 30–50
  • 18–32 × fixed-wing aircraft
  • 18–24 × helicopters
Aviation facilities:

The Mikuláš-class aircraft carrier (Holyn: Lietadlová loď Triedy Mikuláš), Royal Holyn Navy designation Project 3491 aircraft carrier, is a class of STOBAR (Short Take-Off But Arrested Recovery) aircraft carriers developed for the Holyn Socialist States, and now operated by the Royal Holyn Navy. Consisting of two vessels, the HMS King Mikuláš I and HMS King Benedikt IV, the class represented a major advance in Holyn naval capabilities over its predecessors. The project to construct these carriers began in 1982, with four ships planned by 2000. The class was to be followed by the Vackov class of nuclear supercarriers. The first ship was laid down in 1982 as the Kracovice. She was completed and entered service in 1991. Her introduction represented a pivotal moment for the Holyn Socialist States, allowing for increased projection of naval power and enhanced security capabilities in the region.

The follow-up vessel, Rejta, was commissioned in 1993, further solidifying the capabilities of the then Kracovice-class. This ship featured refinements based on operational feedback from its predecessor. These included a modifications to the ski-jump ramp on the bow, a slightly wider and longer hull, smaller bridge and increased space for hangar bays. The changes were significant enough to warrant the Rejta as her own subclass of the Kracovice. Modifications were made to the Rejta's propulsion system, improving the performance of her boilers. The addition of the Rejta to the fleet enabled the Holyn Socialist States to maintain a more robust and flexible naval presence.

In 1995, the construction of the third vessel, a further refinement of the Rejta subclass, was paused indefinitely due to the growing economic difficulties faced by the Holyn Socialist States. The ensuing collapse of the country led to an uncertain future for the two Kracovice-class vessels. The Vackov class was permanently cancelled and the under construction hull was dismantled in 1999. In 2000, both the Kracovice and Rejta were renamed to HMS King Mikuláš I and HMS King Benedikt IV, respectively.

Both ships continue to operate in the Royal Holyn Navy, with the King Mikuláš I being assigned to the 1st Fleet and the King Benedikt IV being assigned to 2nd Fleet. A series of mechanical breakdowns in the late 2000s led to public scrutiny of Holynia's carrier fleet. The King Mikuláš I in particular has faced significant issues owing to her being the initial ship in the class. In 2011, she underwent a early overhaul and modernization project aimed to rectify a number of issues plaguing the ship. She reentered service in 2014. In 2022, the King Mikuláš I once again returned to the dry dock to undergo a modernisation and overhaul project to extend her life. She is projected to reenter service in 2025. The King Benedikt IV has not faced the same level of mechanical issues as her sister ship. In 2015, she underwent a minor modernisation project that was completed in 2016. She will enter an extensive overhaul and modernisation project in 2026 similar to her sister ship.

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