1990 Paretian general election: Difference between revisions

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Line 28: Line 28:
| colour1          = ff5454
| colour1          = ff5454
| leader1          = [[Julío Pires]]
| leader1          = [[Julío Pires]]
| party1            = [[Social Democrats (Paretia)|Social Democrats]]
| party1            = [[Paretian Socialist Movement]]
| leader_since1    =  
| leader_since1    =  
| leaders_seat1    = [[Adrecar]]
| leaders_seat1    = [[Adrecar]]
| last_election1    = 114 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 35 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| last_election1    = 114 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 35 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats_before1    = 114 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 35 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seats_before1    = 114 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 35 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats1            = '''237 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 71 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]'''
| seats1            = '''237 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 71 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]'''
| seats_needed1    =  
| seats_needed1    =  
| seat_change1      = {{increase}}123 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] /{{increase}} 36 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seat_change1      = {{increase}}123 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] /{{increase}} 36 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| 1data1            = '''11,559,693'''
| 1data1            =  
| 2data1            = '''63.83%''' {{increase}}33.43%
| 2data1            = '''63.83%''' {{increase}}33.43%
| 3data1            =  
| 3data1            =  
| 4data1            =  
| 4data1            =  


| image2            = [[File:Adolfo Suárez recibe al secretario general de Convergencia Democrática de Cataluña. Pool Moncloa. 16 de marzo de 1978 (cropped).jpeg|160x160px]]
| image2            = [[File:Visita de Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo a El Puerto de Santa María (centered).jpg|160x160px]]
| colour2          = 0b4f73
| colour2          = 0b4f73
| leader2          = [[Martí Solaries]]
| leader2          = [[Martí Solaries]]
Line 47: Line 47:
| leader_since2    =
| leader_since2    =
| leaders_seat2    = [[Saragon]]
| leaders_seat2    = [[Saragon]]
| last_election2    = 156[[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 52[[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| last_election2    = 156[[Câmara Conselho|D]] / 52[[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats_before2    = 155 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 52 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seats_before2    = 155 [[Câmara do Congresso|D]] / 52 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats2            = 86 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 30 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seats2            = 86 [[Câmara do Congresso|D]] / 30 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats_needed2    =  
| seats_needed2    =  
| seat_change2      = {{decrease}}69 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / {{decrease}} 22 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seat_change2      = {{decrease}}69 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / {{decrease}} 22 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| 1data2            = 6,273,611
| 1data2            =  
| 2data2            = 21.83% {{decrease}}2.78%
| 2data2            = 21.83% {{decrease}}2.78%
| 3data2            =  
| 3data2            =  
Line 63: Line 63:
| leader_since3    =  
| leader_since3    =  
| leaders_seat3    = [[Santo Fantasma do Leste]]
| leaders_seat3    = [[Santo Fantasma do Leste]]
| last_election3    = 38 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 12 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| last_election3    = 38 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 12 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats_before3    = 38 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 12 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seats_before3    = 38 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 12 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats3            = 11 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 7 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seats3            = 11 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 7 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats_needed3    =  
| seats_needed3    =  
| seat_change3      = {{decrease}}27 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / {{decrease}}5 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seat_change3      = {{decrease}}27 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / {{decrease}}5 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| 1data3            = 525,281
| 1data3            =  
| 2data3            = 6.3% {{decrease}}7.56%
| 2data3            = 6.3% {{decrease}}7.56%
| 3data3            =  
| 3data3            =  
Line 79: Line 79:
| leader_since4    =  
| leader_since4    =  
| leaders_seat4    = [[Leiterín]]
| leaders_seat4    = [[Leiterín]]
| last_election4    = 6 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 2 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| last_election4    = 6 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 2 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats_before4    = 6 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 2 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seats_before4    = 6 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 2 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats4            = 6 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 2 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seats4            = 6 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 2 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats_needed4    =  
| seats_needed4    =  
| seat_change4      = {{Nochange}} [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / {{Nochange}} [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seat_change4      = {{Nochange}} [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / {{Nochange}} [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| 1data4            = 292,406
| 1data4            =  
| 2data4            = 1.67% {{increase}}1.1%
| 2data4            = 1.67% {{increase}}1.1%
| 3data4            =  
| 3data4            =  
Line 95: Line 95:
| leader_since5    =  
| leader_since5    =  
| leaders_seat5    = [[Platja Reial]]
| leaders_seat5    = [[Platja Reial]]
| last_election5    = 2 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 2 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| last_election5    = 2 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 2 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats_before5    = 2 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 2 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seats_before5    = 2 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 2 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats5          = 5 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 3 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seats5          = 5 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 3 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats_needed5    =  
| seats_needed5    =  
| seat_change5      = {{increase}}3 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / {{increase}}1 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seat_change5      = {{increase}}3 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / {{increase}}1 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| 1data5            = 243,380
| 1data5            =  
| 2data5            = 1.38% {{increase}}0.83%
| 2data5            = 1.38% {{increase}}0.83%
| 3data5            =  
| 3data5            =  
Line 111: Line 111:
| leader_since6    =  
| leader_since6    =  
| leaders_seat6    = [[Fogosagra]] (lost)
| leaders_seat6    = [[Fogosagra]] (lost)
| last_election6    = 18 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 4 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| last_election6    = 18 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 4 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats_before6    = 18 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 4 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seats_before6    = 18 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 4 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats6          = 4 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 1 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seats6          = 4 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 1 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats_needed6    =  
| seats_needed6    =  
| seat_change6      = {{decrease}}14 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / {{decrease}}3 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seat_change6      = {{decrease}}14 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / {{decrease}}3 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| 1data6            =  198,732
| 1data6            =   
| 2data6            = 1.13% {{decrease}}3.86%
| 2data6            = 1.13% {{decrease}}3.86%
| 3data6            =  
| 3data6            =  
| 4data6            =  
| 4data6            =  


| image7            = [[File:Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo en el palacio de la Moncloa.jpg|160x160px]]
| image7            = [[File:Cavaco Silva 1988.png|160x160px]]
| colour7          = 0047AB
| colour7          = 0047AB
| leader7          = [[Ricardo Martins]]
| leader7          = [[Ricardo Martins]]
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| leader_since7    =  
| leader_since7    =  
| leaders_seat7    = [[De Pietro]]
| leaders_seat7    = [[De Pietro]]
| last_election7    = 20 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 5 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| last_election7    = 20 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 5 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats_before7    = 20 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 5 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seats_before7    = 20 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 5 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats7          = 4 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 1 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seats7          = 4 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 1 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats_needed7    =  
| seats_needed7    =  
| seat_change7      = {{decrease}}16 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / {{decrease}}4 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seat_change7      = {{decrease}}16 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / {{decrease}}4 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| 1data7            = 197,856
| 1data7            =  
| 2data7            = 1.13% {{decrease}}4.43%
| 2data7            = 1.13% {{decrease}}4.43%
| 3data7            =  
| 3data7            =  
Line 143: Line 143:
| leader_since8    =  
| leader_since8    =  
| leaders_seat8    = [[Reicarlos]]
| leaders_seat8    = [[Reicarlos]]
| last_election8    = 1 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 1 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| last_election8    = 1 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 1 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats_before8    = 1 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 1 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seats_before8    = 1 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 1 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats8            = 4 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 2 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seats8            = 4 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 2 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats_needed8    =  
| seats_needed8    =  
| seat_change8      = {{increase}}3 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / {{increase}}1 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seat_change8      = {{increase}}3 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / {{increase}}1 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| 1data8            =  196,105
| 1data8            =   
| 2data8            =  1.12% {{increase}}0.99%
| 2data8            =  1.12% {{increase}}0.99%
| 3data8            =  
| 3data8            =  
Line 159: Line 159:
| leader_since9    =  
| leader_since9    =  
| leaders_seat9    = [[Vale de Precea]]
| leaders_seat9    = [[Vale de Precea]]
| last_election9    = 1 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 1 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| last_election9    = 1 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 1 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats_before9    = 1 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 1 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seats_before9    = 1 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 1 [[CCâmara Conselho|C]]
| seats9            = 1 [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / 1 [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seats9            = 1 [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / 1 [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| seats_needed9    =  
| seats_needed9    =  
| seat_change9      = {{Nochange}} [[Câmara do Congresso|C]] / {{Nochange}} [[Câmara da Assembleia|A]]
| seat_change9      = {{Nochange}} [[Câmara Deputada|D]] / {{Nochange}} [[Câmara Conselho|C]]
| 1data9            = 52,528
| 1data9            =  
| 2data9            = 0.30% {{decrease}}20.83%
| 2data9            = 0.30% {{decrease}}20.83%
| 3data9            =  
| 3data9            =  
| 4data9            =  
| 4data9            =  
<!-- map -->
<!-- map -->
| map_image        = 1990paretianelection.png
| map_image        = 1990mapparetia.png
| map_size          =  
| map_size          = 500px
| map_alt          =  
| map_alt          =  
| map            =  
| map            =  
Line 178: Line 178:
| title            = [[Premier of Paretia|Premier]]
| title            = [[Premier of Paretia|Premier]]
| before_election  = [[Martí Solaries]]
| before_election  = [[Martí Solaries]]
| before_party      = [[Conservative Union (Paretia)|Conservative Union]]
| before_party      = [[New Democracy]]
| posttitle        = [[Premier of Paretia|Premier]]
| posttitle        = [[Premier of Paretia|Premier]]
| after_election    = [[Julío Pires]]
| after_election    = [[Julío Pires]]
| after_party      = [[Social Democrats (Paretia)|Social Democrats]]
| after_party      = [[Social Democrats (Paretia)|Social Democrats]]
}}
}}
The '''1990 Paretian general election''' was held on August 2 1990. It is widely considered one of the most important elections in Paretian history as it results saw record numbers, specifically in reference to the victorious [[Social Democrats (Paretia)|Social Democrats]], lead by [[Julío Pires]], who were able to use their record number of seats to enact their agenda, especially the eventual referendum to join the [[Euclean Community]] the following year, which succeeded.
The '''1990 Paretian general election''' was held on August 2 1990. It is widely considered one of the most important elections in Paretian history as it results saw record numbers, specifically in reference to the victorious [[Paretian Socialist Movement]], lead by [[Julío Pires]], who were able to use their record number of seats to enact their agenda, especially the eventual referendum to join the [[Euclean Community]] the following year, which succeeded.
==Background==
==Background==
[[File:EucleaFlag.png|230px|thumb|left|Joining the EC became the forefront issue in the 1980s]] The election would come during the incumbent rule of [[New Democracy]], under Premier [[Martí Solaries]], along with an alliance with the [[Catholic Democracy Party]] and [[Citizens Movement]]. The country was still suffering the effects of inflation and recession throughout the 1980s, Premierships of [[Manuela Morais]] and Solaries had failed to come through on relieving the economy. Morais also failed on making the promise of joining the Euclean Community, which became a major issue. The [[Social Democrats (Paretia)|Social Democrats]] were a rising party that had come to replace the splintered [[Paretian Labour Party]]. The Social Democrat's predecessor party, the [[Euclean Social Democratic Party of Paretia]], was founded on focusing on joining the Euclean Community, this policy continued into the Social Democrats.
[[File:EucleaFlag.png|230px|thumb|left|Joining the EC became the forefront issue in the 1980s]] The election would come during the incumbent rule of [[New Democracy]], under Premier [[Martí Solaries]], along with an alliance with the [[Catholic Democracy Party]] and [[Citizens Movement]]. The country was still suffering the effects of inflation and recession throughout the 1980s, Premierships of [[Manuela Morais]] and Solaries had failed to come through on relieving the economy. Morais also failed on making the promise of joining the Euclean Community, which became a major issue. The [[Paretian Socialist Movement]] were a rising party that had come to replace the splintered [[Paretian Labour Party]]. The Socialist Movement's predecessor party, the [[Euclean Social Democratic Party of Paretia]], was founded on focusing on joining the Euclean Community, this policy continued into the Social Democrats.


The leader of the Social Democrats was the charismatic [[Julío Pires]], who had left the party leadership position for a short period in the middle of the 1980s due to personal reasons. He returned to the position in 1985. He had been able to reunite the centre-left which had fallen apart during scandals and division under the Premiership of [[Eugênio Dantas]] in the late 1970s.  The new Social Democrats ran on the promise of a hastly joining of the Euclean Community. The party became close friends with EC social democratic parties, including in Gaullica, Estmere, and Hennehouwe. Julío Pires would be able to make close friendships with EC social democrats, helping aid his case for convincing voters on his promise to join the EC. The left in Paretia would rally behind the Social Democrats in their campaigns.
The leader of the MSP was the charismatic [[Julío Pires]], who had left the party leadership position for a short period in the middle of the 1980s due to personal reasons. He returned to the position in 1985. He had been able to reunite the centre-left which had fallen apart during scandals and division under the Premiership of [[Eugênio Dantas]] in the late 1970s.  The new MSP ran on the promise of a hastly joining of the Euclean Community. The party became close friends with EC social democratic parties, including in Gaullica, Estmere, and Hennehouwe. Julío Pires would be able to make close friendships with EC social democrats, helping aid his case for convincing voters on his promise to join the EC. The left in Paretia would rally behind the MSP in their campaigns.


The right-wing was rallied behind New Democracy during the early 1980s under [[Timoteo Cabral]], but other centre-right parties such as the [[Catholic Democracy Party]] and the [[Citizens Movement]] made it hard for the New Democracy to get a large foothold on the right in the country, they were more lenient on joining the Euclean Community compared to the ND, which decided to make their position against joining the community. This would cause problems in the ND, as some members of the parties supported joining the EC for economic reasons, this lead to a loss of confidence for voters in the party, who did not get a clear message on whether the party was keen on joining the Community or not.
The right-wing was rallied behind New Democracy during the early 1980s under [[Timoteo Cabral]], but other centre-right parties such as the [[Catholic Democracy Party]] and the [[Citizens Movement]] made it hard for the New Democracy to get a large foothold on the right in the country, they were more lenient on joining the Euclean Community compared to the ND, which decided to make their position against joining the community. This would cause problems in the ND, as some members of the parties supported joining the EC for economic reasons, this lead to a loss of confidence for voters in the party, who did not get a clear message on whether the party was keen on joining the Community or not.
Line 195: Line 195:
The regional parties such as the [[Tosuton Front]] and [[Visegan Party]] saw rising support during the late 1980s. For these two regionalist parties they supported joining the community. There was slightly less support in the [[Party for Luzelese Interest]] or the [[Esmeira Party]], but in general the regionalist parties were in support of joining the EC.
The regional parties such as the [[Tosuton Front]] and [[Visegan Party]] saw rising support during the late 1980s. For these two regionalist parties they supported joining the community. There was slightly less support in the [[Party for Luzelese Interest]] or the [[Esmeira Party]], but in general the regionalist parties were in support of joining the EC.


These parties wanting the join the EC isolated New Democracy's position, conflicting messaging in the party devastated confidence in the party. The Social Democrats were in a perfect position to take advantage and win big.
These parties wanting the join the EC isolated New Democracy's position, conflicting messaging in the party devastated confidence in the party. The MSP were in a perfect position to take advantage and win big.


==Parties==
==Parties==
Line 204: Line 204:
!Political position
!Political position
!Leader
!Leader
!1987 result (Congresso)
!1987 result (Deputada)
!1987 result (Conselho)
!1987 result (Conselho)
|-
|-
Line 216: Line 216:
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="background: #ff5454;" |
| rowspan="1" style="background: #ff5454;" |
| [[Social Democrats (Paretia)|Social Democrats]]
| [[Paretian Socialist Movement]]
| {{wp|Social democracy}}, {{wp|progressivism}}, {{wp|democratic socialism}}, [[Euclean Community|pro-eucleanism]]
| {{wp|Social democracy}}, {{wp|progressivism}}, {{wp|democratic socialism}}, [[Euclean Community|pro-eucleanism]]
| {{Wp|Center-left politics|Center-left}}
| {{Wp|Center-left politics|Center-left}}
Line 312: Line 312:
|-
|-
|}
|}
==Campaign==
==Campaign==
{{multiple image
{{multiple image
  |align    = right
  |align    = right
  |direction = horizontal
  |direction = horizontal
  |image1    = ADOLFO SUAREZ 03.jpg
  |image1    = Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo, conversa con las periodistas Pilar Cernuda y Julia Navarro.jpg
  |width1    = 250
  |width1    = 257
  |caption1  = Solaries with supporters in Burgo Coroa
  |caption1  = Solaries with supporters in Burgo Coroa
  |image2    = JulioPiresRally1990.jpg
  |image2    = JulioPiresRally1990.jpg
  |width2    = 320
  |width2    = 320
  |caption2  = Pires at a Social Democrat rally in Ocerto
  |caption2  = Pires at a Socialist Movement rally in Ocerto
}} The Social Democrats held rallies nearly constanty during the later 1980s, even ouside of the election cycles. They began to become more frequent during the 1990 election cycle, they made campaign promises of joining the Euclean Community, in what they called a "swift and strategic manner". They also promised major economic and social reforms to make Paretia an acceptable EC country, such as banning the death penalty and raising the minimum wage. Their rallies were massive in scale, and became an indicator of the results to come in the election.
}} The Paretian Socialist Movement held rallies nearly constanty during the later 1980s, even ouside of the election cycles. They began to become more frequent during the 1990 election cycle, they made campaign promises of joining the Euclean Community, in what they called a "swift and strategic manner". They also promised major economic and social reforms to make Paretia an acceptable EC country, such as banning the death penalty and raising the minimum wage. Their rallies were massive in scale, and became an indicator of the results to come in the election.


On the right New Democracy promised to "work with the EC" but never outright promised to join them. They began to hold rallies across their main voting base but eventually attempted to get support in areas that would likely go Social Democrat. Their rallies were much smaller than the Social Democrats, which hurt confidence in the party in the election.
On the right New Democracy promised to "work with the EC" but never outright promised to join them. They began to hold rallies across their main voting base but eventually attempted to get support in areas that would likely go Socialist leaning. Their rallies were much smaller than the Social Democrats, which hurt confidence in the party in the election.


For the smaller parties, they promised to join the Euclean Community as well. But fears that they would not be able to achieve the promises such as social and economic reforms like the larger Social Democrats made it harder for them to sell their message to voters. Regional parties were able to make promises of more autonomy for the regions under EC membership.
For the smaller parties, they promised to join the Euclean Community as well. But fears that they would not be able to achieve the promises such as social and economic reforms like the larger Socialist Movement made it harder for them to sell their message to voters. Regional parties were able to make promises of more autonomy for the regions under EC membership.


The election cycle was not very hyperpartisan and violence was very little during it. Solaries would attempt a strategy of trying to get the Tosutons to vote right-wing, with campaign rallies being increasingly common in his homeland of Tosutonia. This strategy would prove to be a failure on the ND.
The election cycle was not very hyperpartisan and violence was very little during it. Solaries would attempt a strategy of trying to get the Tosutons to vote right-wing, with campaign rallies being increasingly common in his homeland of Tosutonia. This strategy would prove to be a failure on the ND.
==Results==
==Results==
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
Line 340: Line 342:
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="background: #ff5454;" |
| rowspan="1" style="background: #ff5454;" |
| [[Social Democrats (Paretia)|Social Democrats]]
| [[Paretian Socialist Movement]]
|  
|  
| 63.83%
| 63.83%
Line 440: Line 442:
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="background: #ff5454;" |
| rowspan="1" style="background: #ff5454;" |
| [[Social Democrats (Paretia)|Social Democrats]]
| [[Paretian Socialist Movement]]
|  
|  
| 63.83%
| 63.83%
Line 496: Line 498:
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="background: #ee151f;" |
| rowspan="1" style="background: #ee151f;" |
| [[Paretian Section of the Workers' International]]G
| [[Paretian Section of the Workers' International]]
|  
|  
| 0.30%
| 0.30%
Line 531: Line 533:
|-
|-
|}
|}
==Government formation==
==Government formation==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:98%;"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:98%;"
|-
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"| '''Investiture'''<br/>[[Julío Pires]] ([[Social Democrats (Paretia)|Social Democrat]])
| colspan="3" align="center" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"| '''Investiture'''<br/>[[Julío Pires]] ([[Paretian Socialist Movement]])
|-
|-
! colspan="2" width="150px"| Ballot →
! colspan="2" width="150px"| Ballot →
Line 544: Line 547:
! width="1px" style="background:green;"|
! width="1px" style="background:green;"|
| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = <span style="font-weight:normal;">Yes</span>
| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = <span style="font-weight:normal;">Yes</span>
| • [[Social Democrats (Werania)|Social Democrats]] (237)
| • [[Paretian Socialist Movement|MSP]] (237)
| • [[Greens (Paretia)|Greens]] (6)
| • [[Greens (Paretia)|Greens]] (6)
| • [[Tosuton Front|FT]] (5)
| • [[Tosuton Front|FT]] (5)

Latest revision as of 17:54, 6 July 2023

1990 Paretian general election
← 1987 2 Aug 1990 1993 →
All seats in the Senado da Paretia and regional legislatures
  First party Second party Third party
  Felipe González 1990 (cropped).jpg Visita de Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo a El Puerto de Santa María (centered).jpg Francisco Álvarez-Cascos (2010).jpg
Leader Julío Pires Martí Solaries Diniz Carreira
Party Paretian Socialist Movement New Democracy Together for Liberty
Leader's seat Adrecar Saragon Santo Fantasma do Leste
Last election 114 D / 35 C 156D / 52C 38 D / 12 C
Seats before 114 D / 35 C 155 D / 52 C 38 D / 12 C
Seats won 237 D / 71 C 86 D / 30 C 11 D / 7 C
Seat change Increase123 D /Increase 36 C Decrease69 D / Decrease 22 C Decrease27 D / Decrease5 C
% and swing 63.83% Increase33.43% 21.83% Decrease2.78% 6.3% Decrease7.56%
  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
  Rafael Ribó 1996 (cropped).jpg Heribert Barrera (2003).jpg Oscaralzaga29nov2012ur.jpg
Leader Benvido Rego Òscar Sergiol Carlos Temido
Party Greens Tosuton Front Citizens Movement
Leader's seat Leiterín Platja Reial Fogosagra (lost)
Last election 6 D / 2 C 2 D / 2 C 18 D / 4 C
Seats before 6 D / 2 C 2 D / 2 C 18 D / 4 C
Seats won 6 D / 2 C 5 D / 3 C 4 D / 1 C
Seat change Steady D / Steady C Increase3 D / Increase1 C Decrease14 D / Decrease3 C
% and swing 1.67% Increase1.1% 1.38% Increase0.83% 1.13% Decrease3.86%
  Seventh party Eighth party Ninth party
  Cavaco Silva 1988.png Camilo Nogueira (AELG)-1.jpg (Julio Anguita) José María Aznar recibe al coordinador general de Izquierda Unida (cropped).jpg
Leader Ricardo Martins Xacinto Verdugo Victor Saraiva
Party Catholic Democracy Party Visegan Party Paretian Section of the Workers' International
Leader's seat De Pietro Reicarlos Vale de Precea
Last election 20 D / 5 C 1 D / 1 C 1 D / 1 C
Seats before 20 D / 5 C 1 D / 1 C 1 D / 1 C
Seats won 4 D / 1 C 4 D / 2 C 1 D / 1 C
Seat change Decrease16 D / Decrease4 C Increase3 D / Increase1 C Steady D / Steady C
% and swing 1.13% Decrease4.43% 1.12% Increase0.99% 0.30% Decrease20.83%
1990mapparetia.png
Map of the results of the election, showing the constituencies and the party they voted for.
Premier before election

Martí Solaries
New Democracy

Premier

Julío Pires
Social Democrats

The 1990 Paretian general election was held on August 2 1990. It is widely considered one of the most important elections in Paretian history as it results saw record numbers, specifically in reference to the victorious Paretian Socialist Movement, lead by Julío Pires, who were able to use their record number of seats to enact their agenda, especially the eventual referendum to join the Euclean Community the following year, which succeeded.

Background

Joining the EC became the forefront issue in the 1980s

The election would come during the incumbent rule of New Democracy, under Premier Martí Solaries, along with an alliance with the Catholic Democracy Party and Citizens Movement. The country was still suffering the effects of inflation and recession throughout the 1980s, Premierships of Manuela Morais and Solaries had failed to come through on relieving the economy. Morais also failed on making the promise of joining the Euclean Community, which became a major issue. The Paretian Socialist Movement were a rising party that had come to replace the splintered Paretian Labour Party. The Socialist Movement's predecessor party, the Euclean Social Democratic Party of Paretia, was founded on focusing on joining the Euclean Community, this policy continued into the Social Democrats.

The leader of the MSP was the charismatic Julío Pires, who had left the party leadership position for a short period in the middle of the 1980s due to personal reasons. He returned to the position in 1985. He had been able to reunite the centre-left which had fallen apart during scandals and division under the Premiership of Eugênio Dantas in the late 1970s. The new MSP ran on the promise of a hastly joining of the Euclean Community. The party became close friends with EC social democratic parties, including in Gaullica, Estmere, and Hennehouwe. Julío Pires would be able to make close friendships with EC social democrats, helping aid his case for convincing voters on his promise to join the EC. The left in Paretia would rally behind the MSP in their campaigns.

The right-wing was rallied behind New Democracy during the early 1980s under Timoteo Cabral, but other centre-right parties such as the Catholic Democracy Party and the Citizens Movement made it hard for the New Democracy to get a large foothold on the right in the country, they were more lenient on joining the Euclean Community compared to the ND, which decided to make their position against joining the community. This would cause problems in the ND, as some members of the parties supported joining the EC for economic reasons, this lead to a loss of confidence for voters in the party, who did not get a clear message on whether the party was keen on joining the Community or not.

For the young parties such as Together for Liberty and Citizens Movement, they faced the choice of the EC issue quite easily. They were massively in support of joining the community, making any centre-right to centre government less likely to stay out of the Community. The Catholic Democracy Party was much more split on the issue, but most of the party would be in support of joining the community. On the far-left, the Paretian Section of the Workers' International was against joining the community, claiming that the community is a capitalist empire. The Greens were in support of joining the community.

The regional parties such as the Tosuton Front and Visegan Party saw rising support during the late 1980s. For these two regionalist parties they supported joining the community. There was slightly less support in the Party for Luzelese Interest or the Esmeira Party, but in general the regionalist parties were in support of joining the EC.

These parties wanting the join the EC isolated New Democracy's position, conflicting messaging in the party devastated confidence in the party. The MSP were in a perfect position to take advantage and win big.

Parties

Party Ideology Political position Leader 1987 result (Deputada) 1987 result (Conselho)
New Democracy Conservatism, liberal conservatism, sotirian democracy, eucloscepticism Center-right to Right-wing Martí Solaries
156 / 360
52 / 120
Paretian Socialist Movement Social democracy, progressivism, democratic socialism, pro-eucleanism Center-left Julío Pires
114 / 360
35 / 120
Together for Liberty Liberalism, social liberalism, centrism, pro-eucleanism Centre Diniz Carreira
38 / 360
12 / 120
Catholic Democracy Party Sotirian democracy, social conservatism, religious conservatism Center-right Ricardo Martins
20 / 360
5 / 120
Citizens Movement Conservative liberalism, sotirian democracy, direct democracy Center-right Carlos Temido
18 / 360
4 / 120
Greens Green politics, environmentalism, green socialism Center-left Benvido Rego
6 / 360
2 / 120
Tosuton Front Tosuton regionalism, social liberalism Center-left Òscar Sergiol
2 / 360
2 / 120
Visegan Party Visegan regionalism, social democracy Center-left Xacinto Verdugo
1 / 360
2 / 120
Esmeira Party Esmeiran regionalism, social conservatism Center-right Ronaldo Diaz Ortega
1 / 360
2 / 120
Party for Luzelese Interests Luzelese regionalism, liberal conservatism Center-left Paulo Santos
1 / 360
2 / 120
Luzelese Representation Party Luzelese senate expansion, social conservatism, senate reform Center-right Estevão Lima Leitão
1 / 360
2 / 120
Paretian Section of the Workers' International Council socialism, revolutionary socialism, libertarian socialism Far-left Victor Saraiva
1 / 360
1 / 120
Civic Monarchist Front Monarchism, traditionalism, conservatism Right-wing Rúben Passos
1 / 360
1 / 120

Campaign

Solaries with supporters in Burgo Coroa
Pires at a Socialist Movement rally in Ocerto

The Paretian Socialist Movement held rallies nearly constanty during the later 1980s, even ouside of the election cycles. They began to become more frequent during the 1990 election cycle, they made campaign promises of joining the Euclean Community, in what they called a "swift and strategic manner". They also promised major economic and social reforms to make Paretia an acceptable EC country, such as banning the death penalty and raising the minimum wage. Their rallies were massive in scale, and became an indicator of the results to come in the election.

On the right New Democracy promised to "work with the EC" but never outright promised to join them. They began to hold rallies across their main voting base but eventually attempted to get support in areas that would likely go Socialist leaning. Their rallies were much smaller than the Social Democrats, which hurt confidence in the party in the election.

For the smaller parties, they promised to join the Euclean Community as well. But fears that they would not be able to achieve the promises such as social and economic reforms like the larger Socialist Movement made it harder for them to sell their message to voters. Regional parties were able to make promises of more autonomy for the regions under EC membership.

The election cycle was not very hyperpartisan and violence was very little during it. Solaries would attempt a strategy of trying to get the Tosutons to vote right-wing, with campaign rallies being increasingly common in his homeland of Tosutonia. This strategy would prove to be a failure on the ND.

Results

1990congressoresults.PNG
Party Votes % Result +/-
Paretian Socialist Movement 63.83%
237 / 360
 Increase 123
New Democracy 21.83%
86 / 360
 Decrease 69
Together for Liberty 6.3%
11 / 360
 Decrease 27
Greens 1.67%
6 / 360
 Steady
Tosuton Front 1.38%
5 / 360
 Increase 3
Citizens Movement 1.13%
4 / 360
 Decrease 14
Catholic Democracy Party 1.13%
4 / 360
 Decrease 16
Visegan Party 1.12%
4 / 360
 Increase 3
Paretian Section of the Workers' International 0.30%
1 / 360
 Steady
Esmeira Party 0.11%
1 / 360
 Steady
Luzelese Representation Party 0.11%
1 / 360
 Steady
Party for Luzelese Interests 0.10%
1 / 360
 Steady
Other 0.9%
0 / 360
 Steady
Consehlo1990.PNG
Party Votes % Result +/-
Paretian Socialist Movement 63.83%
71 / 120
 Increase 36
New Democracy 21.83%
30 / 120
 Decrease 22
Together for Liberty 6.3%
7 / 120
 Decrease 5
Tosuton Front 1.38%
3 / 120
 Increase 1
Greens 1.67%
2 / 120
 Steady
Citizens Movement 1.13%
1 / 120
 Decrease 3
Catholic Democracy Party 1.13%
1 / 120
 Decrease 4
Visegan Party 1.12%
1 / 120
 Increase 1
Paretian Section of the Workers' International 0.30%
1 / 120
 Steady
Esmeira Party 0.11%
1 / 120
 Steady
Luzelese Representation Party 0.11%
1 / 120
 Steady
Party for Luzelese Interests 0.10%
1 / 120
 Steady
Other 0.9%
0 / 120
 Steady

Government formation

Investiture
Julío Pires (Paretian Socialist Movement)
Ballot → 4 Aug 1990
Required majority → 180 out of 360 ☑Y
Yes
249 / 360
No
108 / 360
Abstentions
  • • PE (1)
1 / 360
Absentees
0 / 360
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