Otapara-class destroyer: Difference between revisions

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|Class before= [[Mystere-class destroyer]]
|Class before= [[Mystere-class destroyer]]
|Class after= [[Helena-class destroyer]]
|Class after= [[Helena-class destroyer]]
|Subclasses=
|Subclasses= [[Rourke-class cruiser]]
|Cost=  
|Cost=  
|Built range=  1985-TBD
|Built range=  1985-TBD
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|In commission range=   
|In commission range=   
|Total ships building=  
|Total ships building=  
|Total ships planned= 14
|Total ships planned= 20
|Total ships completed= 8
|Total ships completed= 8
|Total ships cancelled= 6
|Total ships cancelled= 12
|Total ships active= 8
|Total ships active= 8
|Total ships laid up=
|Total ships laid up=
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*MSU-14 antisubmarine rocket-propelled torpedo  
*MSU-14 antisubmarine rocket-propelled torpedo  
*MSS-18 cruise missile
*MSS-18 cruise missile
2x {{wpl|Goalkeeper CIWS}}
2x Goalkeeper 40 25mm CIWS
16x MSS-33 anti-ship missiles
16x MSS-33 anti-ship missiles
2x triple torpedo tubes for MSU-90 anti-submarine torpedoes
2x triple torpedo tubes for MSU-90 anti-submarine torpedoes
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|}
|}


The '''Helena-class''' is a class of {{wpl|Anti-aircraft warfare|air warfare}} {{wpl|guided missile destroyer|guided missile destroyers}} in service with the [[Meridonian Navy]].  
The '''Otapara-class''' is a class of eight {{wpl|guided missile destroyer|guided missile destroyers}} in service with the [[Meridonian Navy]]. Initially designed as all-spectrum multi-purpose destroyers to replace a number of surface combatants in the Navy, cost concerns and perceptions about its lack of ability to effectively counter next-generation threats particularly in the air-to-air arena due to the lack of modular space available (particularly with radar and guidance systems for missiles) saw it optimized into a 'general purpose' (GP) destroyer oriented as a surface action group leader and multi-purpose destroyer. The first ship, ''Otapara'', was commissioned in 1998, with the last, ''Anamaru'', commissioning in 1993. While 20 of these vessels were initially planned, 12 were cancelled. 6 of the twelve were converted to [[Rourke-class cruisers]], and material from the other two currently in construction were cannibalized to contribute to this.
Designed from the ground up as specialized air warfare escorts for the upcoming [[Sistine-class aircraft carrier]]s using lessons learned in the 1980s, the Helena-class pioneered a number of new technology systems for the Navy. They are named after [[Territories of Meridon|territories]], districts, and large settlements. They were built starting in the early 1990s, and the first ship, ''Helena'', was commissioned in 199X, with the last ship ''Caster Ridge'' commissioning in 201X.


The ''Helena''-class was commissioned shortly after the [[Otapara-class destroyer]]s began construction when naval planners realized that the Otapara-class would not be able to meet the anticipated fleet needs for a air defense platform, currently provided by the ''Mystere'' class of destroyers. Due to the Otapara's general purpose requirements of being capable of anti-air, anti-submarine, and surface warfare and the design of its hull it was determined the class would be better suited to a destroyer leader and multirole destroyer. This was critically important with the development of the [[Sistine-class aircraft carrier]]s, who were to make up the core of the naval fleet into the 21st century. The Helena-class was also to be a testbed for technology critical to not only the coming carriers, but to the Defense Force as a whole with the advent of the [[Common Air Defense System]], which serves as its principal armament.
The ''Otapara''-class is the largest surface warfare vessel built for the Navy since the 1950s, and is one of the most heavily armed destroyers in the world. Considered a cruiser in some circles, it was designed to meet virtually every mission set expected of a surface combatant. Originally armed for air defense with MSA-6 and 7 missiles, all have since been upgraded by 2010 to utilize the [[Common Air Defense System]] suite of missiles. It is additionally capable of anti-shipping warfare with box-launched MSS-33 and VLS-launched MSS-18 cruise missiles, the latter of which are also capable of land attack; and anti-submarine warfare with embarked anti-submarine helicopters, MSU-14 antisubmarine rocket torpedoes.
 
The ''Helena''-class is optimized for air defense and operates primarily as an escort destroyer, acting as the Carrier Task Group's principal anti-aircraft platform with supporting roles in anti-submarine warfare with MSU-14 antisubmarine rocket-propelled torpedoes and embarked anti-submarine helicopter, and anti-ship warfare with its eight MSS-33 anti-ship missiles. While capable of carrying land attack munitions in the form of the MSS-18, as reported by the Defense Department, the ship does not regularly carry these munitions. Its primary armament consists of a mix of MSA-15 and MSA-30 CADS interceptor missiles, which were designed to intercept maneuvering supersonic cruise missiles and ballistic missiles. Its powerful Broadlight air search and air targeting radars are capable instantaneously tracking over 2,000 targets and coordinate the flight of multiple missiles towards targets.  




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==Description==
==Description==
===Design===
===Design===
[[File:HMS Diamond (22920216265).jpg|360px|thumb|right|A rear view of ''Alexandria'', showing her Broadlight air search and tracking radars. The radar set, and the integration of the [[Common Air Defense System]], were the first implementations of a number of new naval systems first seen aboard ''Helena''-class destroyers.]]
[[File:2014.3.19 해군 2함대 천안함 4주기 해상기동 훈련 Republic of Korea Navy 2nd Fleet Command (13370241185).jpg|360px|thumb|right|''Anamaru'' conducting a live fire exercise off the coast of [[Redbird Territory]].]]
 
The ''Helena''-class was designed from the outset as a dedicated air defense platform centered around the BROADLIGHT air radar suite system and the [[Common Air Defense System]]. The latter was a major tri-service effort to standardize a motley of air defense systems across the Defense Forces for standardized procurement, and would be its first employment aboard naval vessels after successful integration tests on land-based vehicles. The primary role of the class was to provide air defense escort for the [[Sistine-class aircraft carrier]]s that the [[Otapara-class destroyer]] was too few in number and lacking in processing and armament capacity to effectively provide, allowing for the latter to be employed primarily as the lead ship of surface action groups and escort coordination in strike groups. This lead to the emergence of the semi-formal designation of the  ''Helena''-class as an "air warfare destroyer", with the ''Otapara''-class labeled as "general purpose" destroyers.
 
''Helena'' improved on the design plans from the previous class, further reducing the radar cross section and reducing the hull height and width while extending the length. The ''Helena''-class' radar signature was able to be reduced by about 23% compared to the Otapara-class' using this method.
 
The design of the ''Sistine''-class carriers, due to a number of shifting requirements during its development, took a period of nearly ten years from conceptualization to construction. Key to its requirements from the design was the capability to meet or exceed the airwing size carried by the Atlantia-class, have a higher top speed, be capable of landing and launching aircraft simultaneously, and modularity to accommodate emerging technologies and aircraft. Sistine was originally designed to feature integrated electronics propulsion, but the design was altered to operate off of nuclear propulsion.


One of the most recognizable features of the ''Sistine''-class is its dual-island configuration, which is primarily a holdover from the diesel-operated design. The forward island is responsible for ship operations, including navigation, defensive systems, radar operations, and other such functions, while the rear island conducts coordination of air operations, including launches, landings, air battle management, and airspace control. Both bridges are redundant and each bridge can conduct operations of both if one of the bridges is damaged.  
The ''Otapara''-class was originally conceived as a standardized class of destroyer able to perform all necessary functions expected of a future surface combatant, including provisions for flag facilities as leaders of surface action groups. Replacing older ''Mystere''-class vessels, they offered a substantially increased capability in anti-ship and land attack warfare, the latter being the first introduction of the capability from a surface ship with the introduction of VLS tubes. 20 ships were originally planned, however due to the high cost related to fitting and arming an ''Otapara''-class destroyer and its percieved inadequacy in the air defense role, the [[Helena-class destroyer]] was designed to specialize in air warfare and form the bulk of a surface action group. This lead to the emergence of the semi-formal designation of the Otapara-class as a 'general purpose' destroyer, as opposed to the 'air wafare' destroyer Helena-class.


''Sistine'' is a {{wpl|CATOBAR}} carrier that features 4 steam catapults and 4 arresting wires on an angled flight deck.


===Construction===
===Construction===

Latest revision as of 01:31, 26 September 2023

Otaparaclass.png
Ohikati, one of the Otapara-class destroyers.
Class overview
Builders: Manley Shipyards, Smith Island,  Meridon
Operators:  Meridonian Navy
Preceded by: Mystere-class destroyer
Succeeded by: Helena-class destroyer
Subclasses: Rourke-class cruiser
Built: 1985-TBD
In service: 1988-present
Planned: 20
Completed: 8
Cancelled: 12
Active: 8
General characteristics
Class and type: Guided missile destroyer, general purpose destroyer
Displacement: 10,600 tons, full load
Length: Overall: 557 ft
Beam: Overall: Around 70ft
Draught: 20ft
Propulsion: 4x COGAG turbines powering 2 shafts, 100,000 shp total
Speed: In excess of 35 knots
Range: In excess of 6,000 nm at 18kts
Complement: 300, with accomodations for up to 360.
Sensors and
processing systems:
  • Delta IMRAS phased array 3D multifunction radar
  • Delta AM8491 2D air search radar
  • 2x Delta SM333 I Band surface search/navigational radar
  • 1x Delta SM315 E/F Band surface search radar
  • 2x Delta TM220 missile radar illuminators
  • 2x MATCA combined AHRS/INS systems
  • MATCA Command Navigation Program
  • MATCA RAGOTS combined radar and optical gun tracking suite
  • Matca R43E sonar suite
  • Matca Seafin R300 towed array sonar
Electronic warfare
& decoys:
  • MATCA SHREWD electronic warfare suite
  • MATCA NGSEE signals exploitation suite
  • Nulka decoys
  • Advanced Counter-Torpedo Decoy System
  • Offboard Float Decoy System
  • Nixie decoys
Armament:

list error: mixed text and list (help)
1x Type 42 4.5in naval gun 2x Type 318 30mm chaingun 2x 7.62 miniguns 6x 7.62 general purpose machine guns 2x 48-cell + 1x 32-cell VLS (128 total cells) with capacity for:

  • MSA-7 short range anti-aircraft missile (up to 4x per cell) (legacy)
  • MSA-6 long range anti-aircraft missile (legacy)
  • MSA-15 short-range anti-aircraft missile (up to 4x per cell)
  • MSA-30 long-range anti-aircraft missile
  • MSU-14 antisubmarine rocket-propelled torpedo
  • MSS-18 cruise missile

2x Goalkeeper 40 25mm CIWS 16x MSS-33 anti-ship missiles

2x triple torpedo tubes for MSU-90 anti-submarine torpedoes
Armour: Kevlar over vital spaces
Aircraft carried: 2x H50M5 normally carried
Aviation facilities: Enclosed hangar for up to 2x H50M5 Hawk

The Otapara-class is a class of eight guided missile destroyers in service with the Meridonian Navy. Initially designed as all-spectrum multi-purpose destroyers to replace a number of surface combatants in the Navy, cost concerns and perceptions about its lack of ability to effectively counter next-generation threats particularly in the air-to-air arena due to the lack of modular space available (particularly with radar and guidance systems for missiles) saw it optimized into a 'general purpose' (GP) destroyer oriented as a surface action group leader and multi-purpose destroyer. The first ship, Otapara, was commissioned in 1998, with the last, Anamaru, commissioning in 1993. While 20 of these vessels were initially planned, 12 were cancelled. 6 of the twelve were converted to Rourke-class cruisers, and material from the other two currently in construction were cannibalized to contribute to this.

The Otapara-class is the largest surface warfare vessel built for the Navy since the 1950s, and is one of the most heavily armed destroyers in the world. Considered a cruiser in some circles, it was designed to meet virtually every mission set expected of a surface combatant. Originally armed for air defense with MSA-6 and 7 missiles, all have since been upgraded by 2010 to utilize the Common Air Defense System suite of missiles. It is additionally capable of anti-shipping warfare with box-launched MSS-33 and VLS-launched MSS-18 cruise missiles, the latter of which are also capable of land attack; and anti-submarine warfare with embarked anti-submarine helicopters, MSU-14 antisubmarine rocket torpedoes.


Description

Design

Anamaru conducting a live fire exercise off the coast of Redbird Territory.

The Otapara-class was originally conceived as a standardized class of destroyer able to perform all necessary functions expected of a future surface combatant, including provisions for flag facilities as leaders of surface action groups. Replacing older Mystere-class vessels, they offered a substantially increased capability in anti-ship and land attack warfare, the latter being the first introduction of the capability from a surface ship with the introduction of VLS tubes. 20 ships were originally planned, however due to the high cost related to fitting and arming an Otapara-class destroyer and its percieved inadequacy in the air defense role, the Helena-class destroyer was designed to specialize in air warfare and form the bulk of a surface action group. This lead to the emergence of the semi-formal designation of the Otapara-class as a 'general purpose' destroyer, as opposed to the 'air wafare' destroyer Helena-class.


Construction

Propulsion

Armament and protection

Flight deck and aircraft facilities

Strike groups

Design differences within the class

Ships in class

Ship Pennant number Laid down Launched Commissioned
MRS Otapara D30 23 March 1985 12 April 1988 33 November 1988
MRS Kaimai D31 10 July 1985 24 December 1988 30 August 1989
MRS Kaihiku D32 2 June 1986 30 March 1989 20 February 1990
MRS Ohikati D33 13 November 1986 20 March 1989 11 March 1990
MRS Rotoma D34 24 July 1987 14 July 1990 2 January 1992
MRS Whitikau D35 18 February 1988 2 January 1991 11 January 1992
MRS Pipiroa D36 2 March 1989 3 March 1992 16 December 1992
MRS Anamaru D37 20 December 1989 14 December 1992 3 May 1993
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