Renian language

Gadori
Gadoreini, Gadorieni
Gadoꭈiʃe Ʃpraȝe
Ethnic flag of Gadoris
Pronunciation	/gadoːriʃe ʃpʀaːxe/
Native to	Gadorien
Region	Southern Thuadia
Ethnicity	Gadori
Native speakers	L1: ~48,000,000 L2: ~5,300,000 FL: <80,000
Language family	Thuado-Thrismaran Germanic South-Thuadian Germanic Gadoric Gadori
Early form	Proto-Gadori
Official status
Official language in	Gadorien Sekidean Union
Language codes
ISO 639-1	GD
ISO 639-2	GAD
ISO 639-3	GAD
File:GadoriLangMap.png Distribution of the language   Absolute majority   >30% of native speakers

The Gadori language is the official language of the Empire of Gadorien, and one of the official languages of the Sekidean Union.

Alphabet

A a /a ~ ä/	Å å /ɒ ~ ʌ/	Ä ä /ɛ ~ æ/	B b /b/	C c /ʦ/	Ƈ ƈ /ʧ/	D d /d/	E e /e/	F f /f/	G g /g/
H h /ɦ ~ h/	Ħ ħ /θ ~ ð/	Ȝ ȝ /x/	I i /i/	J j /ʝ ~ j/	K k /k/	L l ɭ /l ~ ɭ/	M m /m/	M̂ m̂ /m̩/	N n /n/
N̂ n̂ /n̩/	Ŋ ŋ /ŋ/	O o /ɔ ~ o/	Ö ö /œ ~ ɞ/	P p /p/	Q q /q/	R r ꭈ /ʀ ~ r/	S s ſ /z/	ẞ ß /s/	Ʃ ʃ ȷ /ʃ ~ ʒ/
T t /t/	U u /u/	Ü ü /y ~ ɨ/	V v /v/	Ƿ ƿ /w/	X x /ks/	Y y /ɪ/	Z z /ʣ/

Official version			Diacritic version		Digraph version		IPA Symbol	Example of a common word with the sound
1	A	a	A	a	A	a	/a/	After
2	Å	å	Å	å	Ao	ao	/ɒ/	Not
3	Ꞛ	ꞛ	Ä	ä	Ae	ae	/ɛ/	Bed
4	B	b	B	b	B	b
5	C	c	C	c	C	c
6	Ƈ	ƈ	Č	č	Tsch	Tsch
7	D	d	D	d	D	d
8	E	e	E	e	E	e
9	F	f	F	f	F	f
10	G	g	G	g	G	g
11	H	h	H	h	H	h
12	Ħ	ħ	Ĥ	ĥ	Th	th
13	Ȝ	ȝ	Ȟ	ȟ	Ch	ch
14	I	i	I	i	I	i
15	J	j	J	j	J	j
16	K	k	K	k	K	k
17	L	l	L	l	L	l
		ɭ		ĺ
18	M	m	M	m	M	m
19	M̂	m̂	M̂	m̂
20	N	n	N	n	N	n
21	N̂	n̂	N̂	n̂
22	Ŋ	ŋ	Ň	ň	Ng	ng
23	O	o	O	o	O	o
24	Ꞝ	ꞝ	Ö	ö	Oe	oe
25	P	p	P	p	P	p
26	Q	q	Q	q	Q	q
27	R	r	R	r	R	r
		ꭈ		ŕ
28	S	s	S	s	S	s
		ſ		ś
29	ẞ	ß	ẞ	ß	ẞ	ß
30	Ʃ	ʃ	Š	š	Sch	sch
		ȷ		ž
31	T	t	T	t	T	t
32	U	u	U	u	U	u
33	Ꞟ	ꞟ	Ü	ü	Ue	ue
34	V	v	V	v	V	v
35	Ƿ	ƿ	Ƿ	ƿ	W	w
36	X	x	X	x	X	x
37	Y	y	Y	y	Y	y
38	Z	z	Z	z	Z	z

Former orthographies

Ꞛ ꞛ
Ꞛ ꞛ

Ɑ ɑ
Ɑ ɑ

Ꞝ ꞝ
Ꞝ ꞝ

Ꞟ ꞟ
Ꞟ ꞟ

In the older orthographies, notably back in the Baroque and Rococo, special symbols were used for Å, Ä, Ö and Ü. Those symbols later fell into disuse after the more wide spread of the typewriter, which did not include such symbols. Similar thing happened around the same time in neighboring languages, specifically the Louzen language.

The changes were:

• Ꞛ ꞛ → Ä ä (Gadori Ae → A-umlaut)
• Ɑ ɑ → Å å (Latin alpha → A-ring)
• Ꞝ ꞝ → Ö ö (Gadori Oe → O-umlaut)
• Ꞟ ꞟ → Ü ü (Gadori Ue → U-umlaut)

Even today, there are some enthusiasts using the old letters for umlauts (Ꞛ, Ꞝ and Ꞟ) in a revivalist hope to bring them back (although the letter Ɑ is ignored even by them).

Digraph orthography

Back in the middle ages, the Gadori language used a digraph (polygraph) orthography. Some notable examples include:

• Ae (or lignature Æ) for present-day Ä
• Ao (or lignature Ꜵ) for present-day Å
• Oe (or lignature Œ) for present-day Ö
• Ue (or lignature ) for present-day Ü
• Tsch for present-day Ƈ
• Th for present-day Ħ
• Ch for present-day Ȝ
• lj for present-day miniscule form ɭ
• Ng for present-day Ŋ
• rr for present-day miniscule form ꭈ
• Sz (at the time written as ſʒ), which evolved into ẞ
• Sch for present-day Ʃ

Many of those symbols fell into disuse, with shifts, that are no longer used, including:

• Æ æ → Ꞛ ꞛ
• Ꜵ ꜵ → Ɑ ɑ
• Œ œ → Ꞝ ꞝ
• ᵫ → Ꞟ ꞟ

Phonology

Place Manner	Labial					Coronal										Dorsal					Laryngeal
	Bilabial		Labiodental		Linguolabial		Dental		Alveolar		Postal-veolar		Retroflex		Palatal		Velar		Uvular		Pharyngeal		Glottal
Nasal	m̥	m							n̥	n								ŋ
Plosive									t	d			ʈ	ɖ			k	g
Sibilant affricate									t͡s	d͡z	t͡ʃ	d͡ʒ
Non-sibilant affricate
Sibilant fricative									s	z	ʃ	ʒ
Non-sibilant fricative			f	v			θ	ð								ʝ	x	ɣ		ʁ			h	ɦ
Approximant										ɹ						j		ɰ
Tap/Flap										ɾ
Trill									r̥	r									ʀ̥	ʀ
Latelar affricate
Latelar fricative
Latelar approximant									l̥	l				ɭ
Latelar tap/flap

Tongue position	Front		Near-front		Central		Near-back		Back
Close	i	y			ɨ					u
Near-close			ɪ					ʊ
Close-mid	e	ø								o
Mid
Open-mid	ɛ	œ				ɞ			ʌ	ɔ
Near-open	æ
Open	a				ä				ɑ	ɒ

Grammar

Just like many other germanic languages, Gadori has four grammatical cases:

• Nominative
• Genitive
• Dative
• Accusative

And three genders, while in plural, genders merge into one indifferent plural form:

• Masculine
• Feminine
• Neutrum

Gender	Singular				Plural				Common
	Nominative	Genitive	Dative	Accusative	Nominative	Genitive	Dative	Accusative
Standing alone
Masculine	Ħer	Ħeß	Ħem	Ħen	Ħi	Ħer	Ħen	Ħi	The
Neutrum	Ħaß			Ħaß
Feminine	Ħi	Ħer	Ħer	Ħi
Masculine	Ain	Aineß	Ainem	Ainen	—	—	—	—	A/An
Neutrum				Ain
Feminine	Aine	Ainer	Ainer	Aine
Masculine	Kain	Kaineß	Kainem	Kainen	Kaine	Kainer	Kainen	Kain	PRO.
Neutrum				Kain
Feminine	Kaine	Kainer	Kainer	Kaine
In combination with adjectives
Masculine	Ħer + -e	Ħeß + -en	Ħem + -en	Ħen + -en	Ħi + -en	Ħer + -en	Ħen + -en	Ħi + -en	The + ADJ.
Neutrum	Ħaß + -e			Ħaß + -e
Feminine	Ħi + -e	Ħer + -en	Ħer + -en	Ħi + -e
Masculine	Ain + -er	Aineß + -en	Ainem + -en	Ainen + -en	Kaine + -en	Kainer + -en	Kainen + -en	Kain + -en	A/An + ADJ. PRO. + ADJ.
Neutrum	Ain + -eß			Ain + -eß
Feminine	Aine + -e	Ainer + -en	Ainer + -en	Aine + -e
Masculine	-er	-en	-em	-en	-e	-er	-en	-e	ADJ. only
Neutrum	-eß			-eß
Feminine	-e	-er	-er	-e