Patangism

Patangism (Kabu: Patangisme), sometimes referred to as Purnama Sutoro Thought (Kabu: Pikir Purnama Sutoro) or Sutorism (Kabu: Sutorisme) is a North Kabuese political philosophy emerging from the teachings of Kabuese lawyer and anti-colonial activist Purnama Sutoro (1874-1942) in order to serve as the basis of an independent Kabu nation free from Estmerish anti-colonial rule.

With the name of the ideology deriving from the Kabu word patang, meaning "four" in a formal register, its ideological underpinnings are founded on what Sutoro considered to be four fundamental principles for a healthy nation: unity, statism, populism and welfare. Initially laid out in his 1925 pamphlet Four Principles of an Independent Kabu, the four principles set out have been reinterpreted and built upon both by Sutoro and future leaders of North Kabu, especially in the wake of the anti-colonial movement's significant advances during the Great War and the Kabu Civil War as followers of Sutoro's ideas fought against socialists who would later go on to found South Kabu. The ideology still greatly influences North Kabuese politics, with both the conservative Republican People's Party and the liberal Democratic Reform Party drawing ideological inspiration from the movement.

Origins

A member of the mixed-race middle class of Kabu, Sutoro's maternal grandfather was an Estmerish civil servant, while his father was a prominent native community leader within the town of Karangmangu. He was therefore given significant educational opportunities, and took a particular interest in the political developments of Euclean nations, learning about the growth of ideologies such as nationalism, liberalism, radicalism and socialism.

His interest in these ideologies was further developed as he studied in Estmere at Tolbury University, yet he began to develop anti-colonialist views as a result of racism he experienced from many other students at the university, with this leading to the development of his views on Kabu independence and self-governance. However, the emphasis on the role of a strong state and the need of a state to supply welfare to its people would come from the Great Collapse and seeing the great poverty many Kabuese lived in upon his return to the nation, with the use of economic policies from the Knowlesby School to correct the throws of poverty serving as an example of the need for a strong state to serve the people.

Principles

Persatuan or Unity

Unity or unionism (Kabuese: Persatuan) is often placed as the first of the ideology's four principles. In the context of Sutoro's writings, the principle was used to illustrate a desire for a united, independent Kabuese nation with social harmony between its members - Sutoro was influenced by the Estmerish idea of one-nation conservatism, expressing a concern that divides between the nation's growing middle class and both the rural and urban poor, as well as between members of different tribes and traditional social roles. The idea of unity in the context of Patangism refers to a desire to dissolve both these traditional and newfound divisions within the Kabuese people to create a united and strong nation.

Notably, however, this principle has been innovated upon since the Kabu Civil War to advocate for the reunification of the Kabuese nation under the Northern government, with many of Sutoro's successors opposing the division of the archipelago into the BKMI-led south and the Patangist-led north, with the nation still making an active claim on the territory of South Kabu. It has also been applied to the situation of Kingsport and Nouvel Anglet, with the principle being applied before 1997 to justify a North Kabuese claim to sovereignty to both islands.