Nadauro

This article is about the country. For other uses, see Nadauro (disambiguation).

United Nadauran States Estados Unidos Anadaúroleiros (Lavish)
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: Suum cuique (Hernician) "To each their own"
Anthem: Hino Nacional Anadaúroleiro "Nadauran National Anthem"
National seal Selo Nacional do Anadaúro National Seal of Nadauro
Location of Nadauro (dark green)
Capital and largest city	Itabira 18°29'S 86°7'E
Official languages	Lavish (de facto)
Ethnic groups	41.5% White 37.7% Multiracial 11.1% Black 6.8% Indigenous 1.9% Abarian
Religion	78.8% Gregorianism 60.5% Presterist 18.3% Northern Cathedralist 13.0% no religion 6.1% Spiritism 2.1% Other
Demonym(s)	Nadauran
Government	Federal presidential constitutional republic
• President	Nataniel Magalhães
• President of the Senate	Erasmo Câmara
• President of the Chamber of Representatives	Gracília Couto Pimentel
• President of the Supreme Court of Justice	Tadeu Soares de Brugge
Legislature	National Congress
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	Chamber of Representatives
Independence  from Lavaria
• Declared	16 August 1819
• Recognized	3 March 1821
• United States	20 April 1979
• Current constitution	7 July 1983
Area
• Total	1,908,284 km2 (736,793 sq mi)
• Water (%)	0.74%
Population
• December 2022 estimate	139,411,400
• 2020 census	136,962,171 (3rd)
• Density	73.06/km2 (189.2/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)	2022 estimate
• Total	$3.43 trillion (7th)
• Per capita	$24,594
GDP (nominal)	2022 estimate
• Total	$2.37 trillion (7th)
• Per capita	$16,982
Gini (2021)	46.4 high
HDI (2020)	0.776 high
Currency	Nadauran lirio (L$, NAL)
Time zone	UTC+7:30 (Nadauran Standard Time, NST)
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy (CE)
Driving side	right
Calling code	+40
Internet TLD	.na

Nadauro (/nɑːdɑːˈuːroʊ, -aʊroʊ/ na-da-UURR-oh, na-DOW-roh; Lavish: Anadaúro; Nadauran Lavish pronunciation: [anaˈðaˈuɾʊ]), officially the United Nadauran States, is a sovereign state in Elia Australis, the sixth-largest country in the Eastern Hemisphere, the world's fourteenth-largest country by area and the fifth-most populous. It is bordered to the north by the Helmish Sea, to the northeast by Equatoria, to the east by X and X, to the south by X and Usnimia, and to the west by Terrafirma. Itabira is the nation's capital and largest city; other major cities of Nadauro include Forte de Agosto, Cidade Duarte, Itzcali, Salvador, Vila Rica, Castelo, Armala, and São Sebastião.

The nation's society is among the most ethnically diverse and multicultural ones in the world. Approximately two-thirds of its population practices Gregorianism to an extent, making it the single most populous Presterist-majority country; Nadauro is also the only country in Elia Australis to have Lavish as its de facto official language, and it is the most populous Lavish-speaking country in the world. Its varied geography and high density of biodiversity shape the megadiverse country, ranging from the tropical rainforest of the X basin to the wetlands of the Mécalin peninsula and the Haitetl Desert.

The area of modern-day Nadauro has seen continuous human presence going back to 7,000 BCE in the late Paleolithic period. From the 6th and 5th centuries BCE onward, the Rift Valley of Nadauro gradually became one of the world's cradles of civilization, spawning a number of subsequent princely polities and city-states such as the Necaha, Cozahetl, Etalco, Mecatl, and the Ata cultures, and ultimately the expansive and hegemonic Huecean Empire by the Catabole in the first millennium AD. Calesian contact in 1505 precipitated the eventual conquest of the Huecean Empire by the Lavish Empire in 1547, leading to the civilization's swift collapse and the establishment of the colony of New Pania. The abundance of its mineral deposits, namely silver and gold, greatly contributed to Lavaria's rise as a global colonial power in the 17th century and the eventual elevation of New Pania to the status of a kingdom in 1732. After nearly three centuries of colonial rule, Nadauro achieved independence in 1819 following the successful Elian Wars of Independence as a constitutional monarchy under Emperor Luís I.

The political and economic upheaval of the newly independent nation state, caused in part by the Helmish War, culminated in a military coup d'état in 1858 and a Waldrich-backed royalist counter-coup in 1859. Efforts to introduce liberal reforms in the Constitution of 1874 saw brief flirtation with civil republicanism during the August War through the creation of the United Provinces of Nadauro; slavery was abolished in 1876. The short-lived federation would come to an end with the imposition of a royalist dictatorship under Emanuel Teixeira after the First Equato–Nadauran War and 1885 National Schism, pursuing rapid modernization and industrialization. The rise of militarism and imperialist ambitions of the Empire coincided with the introduction of national syndicalism through Lúcio Cabral's seizure of power in 1921, in the wake of the 1909 Second Equato–Nadauran War; Nadauro invaded Equatoria in 1934 and officially entered the Transmedan War as an Sydenham Power in 1936. Ultimately, Nadauro surrendered in 1940 amidst impending defeat at the hands of Transmedan forces. The tenure of the new democratic monarchy under Emperor Luís IV would be interrupted by a violent military junta in the mid-1970s, which was itself overthrown by a return to civilian rule and the final abolition of the monarchy in 1979. Despite spectacular economic growth, Nadauro has suffered from a low-intensity, asymmetric armed conflict in Chaibia and political violence beginning in the 1980s.

Nadauro is a federal presidential constitutional republic, led by a President, as both head of state and head of government under a multi-party system; the current system was defined in the constitution introduced in 1983. The federated nation is composed of 15 states, 3 autonomous republics, and the Federal District. The developing and newly industrialized country is regarded as a historical regional or middle power, an emerging power of note in contemporary international affairs, and generally considered to be one of the world's leading emerging markets with the seventh-largest economy by nominal GDP and by PPP. However, high income inequality, poverty, extensive crime, and corruption continue to plague the country. Nadauro is a member state of the UC, OES, CEAS, X Community, W3 Initiative, and the W20.

Etymology

Main article: Name of Nadauro

The name of the country "Nadauro" may be derived from a shortened and abridged expression in the Lavish language, "banhado a ouro", meaning "gold plated" or "bathed in gold", from banhado ("bathe" or "steeped"), the preposition a ("in" or "with"), and ouro ("gold").

It is possibly in reference to the decorative use of gold for armor by the Huecean Empire beginning in the mid-1300s; multiple historical accounts, including conquistador Pedro Gárcia de Semhanas, confirm the presence of warriors clad in their ceremonial attire at the 1546 Parley of Tlecupilxan alongside Emperor Yolotzil, though no mention of their armor being plated in sheets or specks of gold specifically was ever made. Other sources allege the use of the expression was the result of the noted supposed abundance of gold within the Huecean Empire in its entirety, or even in reference to a metaphor for the sun rising in the east.

Although "Nadauro" had quickly achieved widespread public use as an epithet by the mid-17th century, the country was formally named "Vice-kingdom of New Pania" (Virreinato do Novo Pánia) by the Lavish Empire for the entirety of its colonial history, until it supplanted the latter when independence was achieved in 1819. From 1819–1858, from 1859–1874, and from 1885–1979 it was named the "Empire of Nadauro" (Império do Anadaúro; the period from 1885 to 1950 is referred to as the "Second Empire", and the "Third Empire" from 1950 to 1979), in 1858 "Republic of New Pania" (República do Novo Pánia), from 1874–1885 "United Provinces of Nadauro" (Províncias Unidas do Anadaúro), and since 1979 "United Nadauran States" (Estados Unidos Anadaúroleiros). However, the 1819 Constitutional Congress of Veracrúz referred to the modern-day Nadauran territory as "Central Elia" (Élia Central) in its constitutional draft and declaration of independence; subsequent constitutions in 1874, 1886, and 1923 each used the names "Nadauran Republic" (República do Anadaúro), "New Panian and Nadauran Union" (União Novo Pániaco e Anadaúroleiro), and "Nadauran Nation" (Nação Anadaúroleiro), respectively.

History

Main article: History of Nadauro

Independence, early republics, and empire (1819–1940)

See also: Nadauran Wars of Independence, First Empire of Nadauro, Glorious Revolution (Teleon), United Provinces of Nadauro, Second Empire of Nadauro, Apreensão (Teleon), and Statist Party (Nadauro)

The pivotal Battle of As Cachoeiras on 6 June 1820, by N. J. Perera

Tensions between the X and New Pania came to a head when X's invasion of X in 180X caused dramatic upheaval in the colonial empire. New Panian demands for unyielding resistance, criticism of wartime fiscal policy overseas, the establishment of sovereign town councils (cortes), and above all the fallout of the Grand Federation and the Elian Wars of Independence prompted political figures of the elites to raise questions on autonomy and outright independence. On 16 August 1819, protestors around Teresa Leopoldina de Alvárez published their radical Appeal of Sangosto, for which they were promptly arrested and unlawfully executed by firing squad on the same day; Teresa's widowed husband, colonel Luís Alfonso de Alvárez, and the Council of Five subsequently declared the colony's independence from X.

The Nadauran Wars of Independence, which was already initiated by the Tenothlan revolt in the Cisyaotla province on 30 March, rapidly engulfed the entire country. The Battle of As Cachoeiras on 6 June 1820 proved to be the decisive military victory for the New Panian armies; the last X soldiers surrendered in August of 1820, and on 3 March 1821, X formally recognized its sovereignty with the Treaty of X. A month later, the now-national hero Luís Alfonso was proclaimed the first Emperor of Nadauro in Forte de Agosto, and the First Empire of Nadauro was established.

The political instability of the newly independent empire brought about by a widening ideological divide between the Conservatives and the Reformists coincided with increasing economic stagnation in the 1820s and 1830s. During this period, Nadauro gradually enlarged its territorial extent with the acquisitions of X in 1837 and X in 1845; efforts made by Prime Minister Gilberto Morais de Macedo to centralize government power with the enactment of the Three Laws resulted in the inflammation of multiple secessionist rebellions in 1846: the Republic of Boaventura, the Republic of the Rio Branco, and the First Chaibian Republic. In 1849, the Meridian invasion of the Nadauro–Meridian War dealt Nadauro a major blow and forced it to relinquish control over much of its sparsely populated northern territories with the Treaty of Linda Árvore.

Entrance of the Waldish Expeditionary Corps to Itabira by B. M. Salas, 1870

The pyrrhic victorious outcome of the Helmish War in 1857 emptied much of Nadauro's treasury and forced substantial raising of taxation under Isaías Couto, despite public and Conservative outcry. Fears of escalating civil conflict prompted former insurgent leader and general Lucas Gregor da Siqueirato to seize power in a coup d'état on 20 November 1858, known as the Plan of Casa Escondida; Emperor Luís II was captured and murdered alongside the royal family of Alvárez a week later. A deal struck between Renato Campos Vaz and Emperor X secured Waldish support for the Reformists and rogue Royalists, and the Waldish army promptly ousted Da Siqueirato in March of 1859. X was placed on the re-established throne of Nadauro and crowned as Emperor Pedro I.

Political infighting between the liberal Reformists and the conservative-aligned Royalists took root soon thereafter. In a bid to modernize Nadauro's economy and institutions, Prime Minister Geraldo Queiroz Duarte introduced sweeping liberal reforms through the Constitution of 1874. Da Siqueirato and his clique, now in strong support of Pedro I, revolted once more in protest and ignited the August War (1876–1885). Duarte's creation of the United Provinces of Nadauro on 1 September 1876 in response began the "Era of the Two States" as the royalist government operated out of Forte do Agosto in internal exile and a civil republican government operated out of Itabira. Slavery was finally abolished in October of 1876 with the Liberty Law, a matter that had divided Nadauran politics for a decade by then. Waldish intervention in Mécalin and the revolt of the Second Chaibian Republic in 1877 complicated the political landscape of Nadauro even further.

Emanuel Teixeira, one of the most influential and controversial Nadauran statesmen in the 19th century

The issue of taxation and Chaibian independence formed a widening divide between Duarte and Vice President Luís Benito de Gerosa and general Emanuel Teixeira that escalated into the National Schism in April of 1885. A military coup d'état led by Teixeira restored power to the popular Pedro I, who had remained in Forte do Agosto in quasi-exile during the civil war, imposed a royalist junta in Itabira called the Teixeirato and formally ended the August War. From 1890 to 1920, Nadauro underwent a period of large-scale industrialization, militarization, and centralization; unlike most of the Eastern Hemisphere's republics in the latter 19th century, the Empire witnessed vibrant economic and population growth as well as political stability. The successful Second Equato–Nadauran War in 1909 and X in 19X cemented Nadauro's international position as an emerging great power.

Lúcio Cabral was the totalitarian leader and Caudilho of Statist Nadauro from 1921 to 1940.

The Statist-ruled Second Empire of Nadauro at its greatest territorial extent during the Transmedan War, 1937

Emergency management incompetency following the 1919 Great Itabira Earthquake and a failed coup led to a rise of political extremism, nationalism, militarism, and ultimately national syndicalism; Lúcio Cabral of the Statist Party assumed the position of prime minister under Luís III on 20 June 1921 and initiated the era of totalitarian Statist Nadauro. This ideological shift and the economic turmoil of the Crash of 1925 prompted Nadauro to pursue economic autarky, an aggressive foreign policy of expansionism and imperialism (Esfera legítima), and military alliances with Asplinist Falland and Razan. During the Third Equato–Nadauran War in 1934, Nadauro consolidated its territorial ambitions and conducted a pacifying genocide against the Equatorian.

On 8 August 1936, Statist Nadauro officially entered the Transmedan War as a Sydenham Power by invading Terrafirma. Initially, it was vastly successful in its military campaigns; by 1937, Nadauro controlled almost the entirety of northern Elia Australis and encroached upon the Free States south coast. However, a series of Transmedan victories at X and X, as well as the failed attempted invasion of the Free States forced Nadauro to adopt a strictly defensive strategy from 1938 onwards. Transmedan landings in Seibal and Yecahual led to the fall of the Statist regime, Cabral's suicide on 17 March 1940, and a negotiated surrender by the rump government on 25 March 1940.

Contemporary era (1940–)

See also: Third Empire of Nadauro, Caravelas regime, Renascimento (Teleon), and Nadauran peace process

In the wake of the Transmedan War, Nadauro was not formally by Transmedan forces like the other Sydenham Powers and instead consulted by the Control Council. Under its guidance, a new constitution was enacted on 10 August 1950 and abdicated Agustín I's son, Luís IV, became Emperor, despite fierce protests by Nadauran republicanists. Nadauro relinquished control over all of its overseas territories, formally ending the Nadauran colonial empire, and millions of Nadauran settlers were repatriated from the former colonies throughout Elia Australis and beyond. The International Military Tribunal for the Elias, known as the Topiltzin trials, was convened to prosecute Nadauran leaders except for Emperor Agustín I for war crimes; however, only two accused were executed and another nine incarcerated. A formal normalization of relations occured with the Treaty of Fastings on 11 August 1950; in 1955, Nadauro was granted membership in the United Congress.

Fears of an Equatorian-sponsored solidarist takeover prompted post-war prime minister Osmar Caetano Paschoal to assume a conciliatory posture towards the fledging opposition in parliament and govern without major crises. Concurrently, a period of record growth revived and propelled Nadauro's economy to become the fifth-largest in the world. Beginning in the 1960s, Nadauro rose as a prominent member state of the Non-Aligned Movement and pursued a foreign policy of closer ties with West Ruthen and Hyacinthe, while continuing to be have a tense relationship with Equatoria.

Armored cars and protestors in central Itabira during the December Crisis, 1973

Luís IV's dismissal of Julio Vila's centre-left government in December of 1973 prompted a tenure of political turbulence and precipitated a right-wing coup by a military junta of Cabral-era hardliners; Hermes Caravelas intended to assume the presidency for a transitory period but soon solidified his grip on power; despite the suspension of civil rights and introduction of strict authoritarianism, international protest was futile and economic growth continued to accelerate. In the following years, the series of acts of state terrorism such as enforced disappearances of left-wing political dissidents became known as the Limpezas; estimations on the number of victims range from 15,000 to 29,000.

The eventual plateauing of economic development as a result of the Adanali oil crisis, rapid hyperinflation after a series of mismanaging decisions, international pressure by sanctions, and ultimately the fears of a resurgent Statist regime in post-war Nadauro led to the Forte de Agosto University protests on 19 March 1978. The Renascimento came in response to its brutal suppression with the Águaboa massacre, which deposed the weakened military government and brought about a peaceful transition of power from Caravelas to main opposition leader Enrico Pimentel. A nationwide referendum on 9 April precipitated the promulgation of a democratic and republican constitution, which chose not to maintain the monarchy under Luís IV. On 20 April 1979, the modern United Nadauran States was founded.

The power vacuum left by the political turmoil in the Nadauran countryside was not without effect; in 1982, an asymmetric low-intensity conflict between the government military, left-wing guerrilla groups (FLP, ER1M), reactionary right-wing paramilitary bands (CLUN), and drug cartels (Armala cartel, Nahia cartel) becoming embroiled in the production, processing, and export of primarily marijuana and cocaine broke out in the state of Chaibia. President Pimentel remained staunchly opposed to political concessions and was assassinated on 30 September 1985 by ER1M.

The Easter Agreement of 1990 was a major turning point in the Chaibian War and is the basis of contemporary Nadauran politics.

From 1987–1992, the United Congress intervened in Nadauro with the United Congress Observer Mission in Nadauro (UCOMCA) to aid in its peace process. Juan Manuel Duque pursued a controversial peace policy during his tenure in the late 1980s, negotiating the disbanding of CLUN and a temporary truce with FLP and ER1M; the peace deal fell apart when the rejecting National Congress moved against Duque with a vote of no-confidence in January of 1988, and by 1989, the conflict had escalated into open rebellion. Diplomatic efforts by successor Tadeu Espíndola culminated in the Easter Agreement of 1990, which pacified the conflict into the largely dormant state it has been ever since.

Espíndola embarked on sweeping neoliberal reforms aimed at combating the Nadauran coroa crisis, competing with an economically growing Equatoria, and signing the Elian Free Trade Agreement (EFTA) with the Free States and Coshaqua in 1989; Nadauro hosted the 1996 Summer Lycophic Games in Itabira. A second period of economic prosperity accompanied his tenure throughout the 1990s, seeing a peak growth rate of 6.2% in 1995 before a sharp decline as a result of the Deluge.

Contemporary Nadauran politics has been dominated by the intense rivalry between the conservative National Action Party (PAN) and the 2002-founded, progressive catch-all National Democratic Party (PDN); major political crises and events in 21st-century Nadauro include the kidnapping and murder of Dolores Peixoto in 2001, the 2004 impeachment of President Luciana Chagas, the 2010 Debelcom corruption scandal, the 2011 abortion protests, and the 2013 government protests.

Geography

Main article: Geography of Nadauro

See also: Geology of Nadauro and Volcanoes in Nadauro

Topographic map of Nadauro

Nadauro is situated at the southern coast of the Helmish Sea of Elia Australis, bordering Equatoria to the northeast, X to the east, X and X to the south, and Terrafirma to the west. Furthermore, it is bound by Lake Louis to the southeast, Elia Australis' largest lake, and Lake Namatla, the country's deepest lake. The territorial extent of Nadauro covers an area of 1,908,284 km² (or 736,793 sq mi), 0.74% or 14,121.3 km² (5,452.3 sq mi) of which are areas of water; this makes Nadauro the second-largest country by size in the Elias and the fifth-largest in the world. It lies between latitudes 7° and 24° S and longitudes 83° and 104° E.

The Ilhuimara, the country's highest peak and an active stratovolcano, as seen from Carlotópolis

Being one of the world's three megadiverse countries, its most notable feature is the abundance of diverse topographical and geological assets, having been amassed throughout its turbulent geographical history. The Serra do Sol near the country's center are the highest elevated areas of Nadauro, with the Ilhuimara (at 5,401 meters or 17,720 feet) as its peak, while numerous collections of mountains and small ranges (most notably the Serra Vermelhas in the south and the Ixnite Mountains in the southwest) comprising the Rift Valley of Nadauro dot the country's central highlands region. The coastal areas are dominated by two low-lying arable and lightly forested plains, forming the Helmish Sea Coastal Plain and the Mécalin peninsula. To the north and east, the X basin forms a large drainage basin comprising the vast majority of northern Elia Australis, separated from the remainder by the Neblina Highlands.

Nadauro is traversed by a vast and dense network of major rivers, all of which drain into the Medan Ocean; the most notable of which include the Pórena (a major tributary of the X), the Branco, Yaotl, Oltonqui, and São Paulo rivers. Many of the Elian Great Lakes filled the Rift Valley's deepest and most profound chasms over long periods of time.

Rock formations of Montanhas de Ondas National Park, Novo Grálacia

Situated atop the divergent rift point of the Elia Australian Plate's lithosphere, Nadauro is one of the world's most seismically active regions. The Rift Valley of Nadauro is part of the larger Elian Rift system that diagonally cuts through the continental plate and is in the process of splitting it into two, called the X Plate and the X Plate, at a rate of about 8 mm (0.31 in) per year; the Elian Rift began developing in the early Oligocene, about 32–29 million years ago. Because of that, Nadauro has an extensive history of catastrophic earthquakes and volcanic activity.

Climate

Main article: Climate of Nadauro

Köppen climate classifications map of Nadauro

Nadauro encompasses a great variety of weather conditions and microclimates, but they are largely tropical in nature; Köppen climate classification for the country identifies six major climactic types as being desert, semi-arid, equatorial, tropical, humid subtropical, and oceanic.

The climate of Nadauro is also influenced by the X Stream, which is responsible for unusually high annual temperature averages at such high altitudes for much of the country's interior, supplying Nadauro and Elia Australis beyond the X's rain shadow with primarily wet and mild oceanic air. The influence of the Medan Ocean decreases significantly when moving from west to east. A maritime climate with minor temperature differences between winter and summer and a lack of a dry season is found along the coastlines, the adjacent hinterland, and areas up to the Rift Valley foreland. Additionally, seasonal temperature fluctuations increase when traveling northward along the Helmish Sea.

However, major climatic differences also occur due to the country's obstructive and rugged topographical relief, which makes the passage of warm and cold air especially in the central regions of Nadauro difficult. While valleys and lowlands such as the Darrefuega Valley and Cohipotetl Basin allow for cold air to leave the mountainous areas and warm air to highten its average temperatures, most areas and ranges remain generally more influenced by continental weather patterns than the geographically closer maritime climate. The Haitetl Desert often exceeds temperatures of 40 °C (104 °F).

When considering the national measurements of 1934–2000, the annual temperatures in the north average 25 °C (77 °F) and no more than 18 °C (64 °F) in the west. While Nadauro enjoys much of the calibrating and controlling meteorological effects of large bodies of water, it has witnessed multiple extreme weather phenomena. The highest temperature on record was 52.2 °C (126.5 °F) on 10 August 1980 in La Coangua, Veracruz, while the coldest temperature measured in Nadauro was –29.0 °C (–20.2 °F) on 19 January 1935 in São Mateo de Mongenos, Monte Branco. Natural meteorological hazards of Nadauro include forest fires, severe drought, windstorms (called girandos), and thunderstorms, floodings, storm surges, and landslides.

Biodiversity

See also: Fauna of Nadauro and Flora of Nadauro

The golden eagle is an animal typical in the Nadauran savannas and the country's national animal.

Home to about 20% of the X rainforest and 9–12% of all known species, Nadauro is considered to be the country with the fourth-largest biodiversity in the world and one of its megadiverse countries. Lying in the Neotropical realm, the flora of the country without human interaction ranges from tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests in the north to temperate coniferous forests in the west, tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands in the south, and breline und sub-breline highlands, which are largely free of vegetation and colder in their climates. Locally, the flora in Nadauro exhibits a large diversification due to local factors of the terrain and mesoclimactic location, which resulted in large numbers of different species of ferns, flowers, fungi, and mosses.

Around 45,000 species of animals are identified and verified to live in Nadauro; native wild carnivores include pumas, jaguars, occelots, Nadauran wolves, golden eagles, ospreys, falcons, crocodiles, many New World monkeys, and foxes; herbivores include peccaries, porcupines, anteaters, opposums, and armadillos. Dense and increasing human populations throughout history, deforestation by logging and illegal poaching, and soil erosion has led to severe habitat destruction and habitat fragmentation; since 1960, over 250,000 km² (or 96,500 sq mi) have been cleared by logging and other destructive activities.

As of 2017, 47% of Nadauro's area was covered in forests and more than half of the entire region, at 52%, was devoted to agriculture, two-thirds of which used for pastures and greenlands, and the remainder for actual agricultural activities.The protection and preservation of nature is defined by the Constitution as a public duty and designated policy target; ecological protection is guaranteed through 20 national parks, 24 biosphere reserves, 111 nature parks and thousands of nature protection areas, landscape protection areas and natural memorials.

Government and politics

Main article: Politics of Nadauro

See also: President of Nadauro, Federal Cabinet of Nadauro, and National Congress of Nadauro

The Palácio da Praça on the Praça do Provo is the former seat of the Emperors of Nadauro and now the official residence and seat of the President and the Federal Cabinet.

Nadauro is a federal presidential representative democracy, as codified and set by its Constitution. Exercising the separation of powers, the country's political system is divided into the executive, legislative, and judicial branch, each controlled by a separate institution. Formally and de jure, the President is the head of the executive branch and, therefore, the head of state and government, the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, and the most influential political instance in Nadauran politics. The President is responsible for appointing a Federal Cabinet and has the responsibility to sign and veto bills.

The bicameral National Congress is the federalized legislature and is composed of the Senate and the Chamber of Representatives, which wield legislative power to propose and decide on law proposals and amendments. The Chamber of Representatives, as well as the Senate through state legislatures, is directly elected using the mixed-member proportional representation and parallel voting systems with plurality vote in single-member districts. The National Congress can make national law, issue a state of war and taxation, and approve of the federal budget and the Cabinet members nominated by the President.

The judiciary is embodied in the Supreme Court of Justice, the nation's supreme court and comprised of 10 judges nominated by the President and approved by the Senate. It is the country's official source of law and and protector of the Constitution, enabled to overturn bills that it deems unconstitutional. The political system is laid out by the frameworks of the Constitution established in 1979. Essential concepts of the system, such as the federal structure, respect for human rights, and the rule of law were officially amended in 1983 and are protected by a status of perpetual validity. Direct democracy is supported through the availability of protests, referenda, a multi-party system and accountancy of the government, and guaranteed freedoms of expression, assembly, secret ballot, and universal suffrage beginning at age 18.

In Nadauro's political history, the respective catch-all parties of the right-wing National Action Party (PAN) and the left-wing National Democratic Party (PDN) as well as its predecessors have been the dominant parties, with almost every President to date being a member of either. However, smaller parties still retain significant power, most notably the National Revolutionary Party (PRN) and the Gregorian Action Party (PAG).

Foreign policy

Main article: Foreign relations of Nadauro

Administrative headquarters of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in central Itabira

Historically, post-war Nadauro has had close economic and military relations with Waldrich and the Free States, and had maintained a security alliance with the latter. Following the collapse of Caravelas' regime in 1979, however, Nadauro adopted a new constitution and thus new guiding principles for Nadauran foreign policy (defined in Article 6); these being self-determination, internationalism and multilateralism, peacebuilding, and particularly non-interventionism. As a result, it had become a leading country of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) in the 1980s.

Nadauro is considered to be a traditional regional power in the Elias, a rising leader among developing countries, and an emerging great power for the 21st century. It is also a founding member state of the Organization of Elian States (OES), the Community of Elia Australian States (CEAS) and the X Community, and one of the W4 nations seeking to reform the UC Security Council. It is the world's seventh-largest donor of official development assistance, donating about $8.4 billion in 2020 as part of its South–South aid programme, and a traditional major provider of funding and personnel for UC-mandated peacekeeping missions and the Global Food Programme.

Nadauro is involved in a number of territorial disputes with its immediate neighbours. Nadauro repeatedly challenged Terrafirma's control over Kairiha and the Marigold Islands, which were occupied by the Free States in 1939 and ceded to Terrafirma in 1942. It also lays historical claims on the Recife da Providência and X Island; it acknowledges but does not accept X's control over either.

Military

Main article: Nadauran Self-Defense Forces

The Nadauran Naval Self-Defense Force's flagship and sole helicopter carrier Medana and the frigate Constituição (in the background)

The Nadauran Self-Defense Forces are the military and paramilitary organization of Nadauro responsible for its external protection and military actions. It consists of three primary branches, the Ground Self-Defense Force, the Naval Self-Defense Force, and the Air Self-Defense Force, and it is governed by the Ministry of Defense in peacetime; the President acts as the de facto commander-in-chief of the military in wartime. The National Police functions as a gendarmerie, operating independently from the military as the law enforcement agency for the entire country.

In its entirety, the Self-Defense Forces deploy some 258,000 active duty soldiers and 104,000 reserve personnel as of 2022, making it the second-largest armed forces in Elia Australis after Equatoria; additionally, it has maintained the tenth-largest military budget in the world in 2023, having spent approximately 2.1% of its annual GDP on defence expenditures. In 2015, Nadauro signed the UC Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons.

Article 5 of the Constitution strictly limits Nadauro and its armed forces in its defence capabilities, renouncing the country's right to issue a state of war or use military force to pursue political interests abroad. Despite large-scale demilitarization following the Transmedan War, the Caravelas regime in the 1970s applied a new interpretation to the strict doctrine of applied self-defence and massively expanded the military. Despite the junta's collapse, Nadauro has repeatedly re-evaluated its relationship with national security, igniting a long-standing societal debate; beginning in the 1990s, the country has prioritized assuming a more proactive responsibility for Elian security.

Subdivisions

Main article: States of Nadauro

The United Nadauran States are a federation of 18 sovereign states and one semi-sovereign federal district. Each state has its own constitutional instrument, elected congress, and a judiciary, and its citizens are enfranchised to vote a state governor by a direct election for non-consecutive five-year terms. The Federal District exercises the same competencies as a fully fledged state even though it is not considered one and it is supervised by the federal government. The states themselves are divided into municipalities, the smallest administrive division in the country, being governed by a mayor.

Name	Code	Capital city	Largest city	Population (December 2022)	Map
Achitlan	AC	Cidade Duarte		10,979,000	Federal District Forte de Agosto Itzalcoatl Zelcapan Achitlan Ichtaca São Sebastião Boaventura Chaibia Mécalin Yecahual Novo Grálacia Poraitiba São Lúis Sarca Adente Nahia Cahuanya Monte Branco Veracruz
Boaventura	BV	Linda Árvore		4,865,000
Cahuanya	CA	Armala		5,902,000
Chaibia	CH	Caridoso		8,353,000
Federal District	DF	Itabira		19,987,000
Forte de Agosto	FA	Forte de Agosto		12,265,000
Ichtaca	IC	Vila Rica		7,163,000
Itzalcoatl	IT	Chipáhua		9,022,000
Mécalin	ME	Topiltzin		5,644,000
Monte Branco	MB	Cinza	Castelo	9,515,000
Nahia	NA	Rio Doce	Pilar	4,400,000
Novo Grálacia	NG	Sépulva		14,187,000
Poraitiba	PO	Campo Verde		2,910,000
São Lúis	SL	Dorothia		1,182,000
São Sebastião	SS	Tlacoehua	São Sebastião	3,600,000
Sarca Adente	SA	Salvador		7,024,000
Veracruz	VE	Veracruz		3,302,000
Yecahual	YC	Marinho		4,736,000
Zelcapan	ZL	Itzcali		9,555,000

Notes

a.^ Lavish: Estados Unidos Anadaúroleiros, Nadauran Lavish pronunciation: [esˈtaðos uˈniðos anaˈðaˈuɾoleɪɾʊs]; abbreviated EUA