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{{Infobox Monarchy
{{Infobox Monarchy
| royal_title        = Mambo
| royal_title        = King
| realm              = [[Rwizikuru]]
| realm              = [[Rwizikuru]]
| coatofarms        = CoatOfArmsOfRwizikuru.png
| coatofarms        = CoatOfArmsOfRwizikuru.png
| coatofarms_article = Coat of arms of Rwizikuru
| coatofarms_article = Emblem of Rwizikuru
| image              = Teodoro_Obiang_Nguema_Mbasogo_at_the_White_House_in_2014.jpg
| image              = Munashe2018.jpg
| incumbent          = [[Kupakwashe Ngonidzashe|Ngonidzashe II]]
| incumbent          = [[Munashe Ngonidzashe|Ngonidzashe II]]
| incumbentsince    = 21 September, 1979
| incumbentsince    = 21 February, 2019
| his/her            =
| his/her            =
| heir_apparent      = [[Munashe Ngonidzashe|Muchinda Munashe]]
| heir_apparent      = Crown Prince [[Paul Ngonidzashe]]
| first_monarch      = [[Izibongo Ngonidzashe|Ngonidzashe I]]
| first_monarch      = [[Izibongo Ngonidzashe|Ngonidzashe I]]
| date              = 2 July, 1964
| date              = 1 June, 1968
| residence          = [[Imba yoRudzi]], [[Guta raMambo]]
| residence          = [[Imba yoRudzi]], [[Guta raMambo]]
| website            =  
| website            =  
}}
}}
[[Rwizikuru]] is an {{wp|absolute monarchy}} ruled by the '''Mambo''' ({{wp|Shona language|weRwizi}} for ''King''), established in 1964 by [[President of Rwizikuru|President]] [[Izibongo Ngonidzashe]] after he reached the end of his second term as President of Rwizikuru. As an {{wp|absolute monarch}}, he serves as both the {{wp|head of state}} and {{wp|head of government}}.
[[Rwizikuru]] is a {{wp|constitutional monarchy}} ruled by the '''King''' ({{wp|Shona language|Rwizi}}: ''Mambo''), established in 1968 by [[Izibongo Ngonidzashe]] after he purged his opponents within the [[National Salvation Council (Rwizikuru)|National Salvation Council]] which governed the country following a [[Rwizikuran coup d'etat, 1964|coup]] that removed [[Pierre-Ardachir Niyonzima]] from the [[President of Rwizikuru|Presidency]]. His descendants continue to rule over Rwizikuru today as the [[House of Ngonidzashe]].
 
Until 2020, they served as {{wp|absolute monarch}}, serving as both the {{wp|head of state}} and {{wp|head of government}} of Rwizikuru. Since the passage of the [[Constitution of Rwizikuru, 2020|2020 constitution]], the monarch serves as a constitutional monarch, and only as a head of state, with the [[Premier of Rwizikuru|Premier]] serving as head of government.


==Rights and duties==
==Rights and duties==
According to the ''[[Rwizikuran Basic Law]]'', which superseded the ''[[Constitution of Rwizikuru]]'' in 1964, the Mambo is an {{wp|absolute monarch}}, with executive, legislative, and judicial power. Thus, he has the power to appoint and remove officials {{wp|at His Majesty's pleasure}}, to institute legislation, and to serve as "the final arbiter" in legal disputes, as well as the right to pardon criminals, without being held accountable to the people.
According to the ''[[Rwizikuran Basic Law]]'', which superseded the ''[[Constitution of Rwizikuru, 1946|Constitution of Rwizikuru]]'' in 1968, the King was an {{wp|absolute monarch}}, with executive, legislative, and judicial power. Thus, he had the power to appoint and remove officials {{wp|at His Majesty's pleasure}}, to institute legislation, and to serve as "the final arbiter" in legal disputes, as well as the right to pardon criminals, without being held accountable to the people.
 
However, the duties of the monarch, according to the Rwizikuran Basic Law, included allocating resources "for the efficient operation of the Rwizi nation," to "act in a dignified and righteous manner befitting a King," and to allow ordinary people to come to the King to try and get their grievances addressed.
 
However, under the current ''[[Constitution of Rwizikuru, 2020|Constitution of Rwizikuru]]'', the King's powers were significantly reduced and transferred to the newly-created position of [[Premier of Rwizikuru|Premier]], although the King still remains the head of state of Rwizikuru. The only powers he still maintains is the right to pardon criminals (excluding those convicted on corruption and heinous crimes), and to legislate matters concerning the ruling [[House of Ngonidzashe]] or the [[Line of succession to the Rwizikuran throne|line of succession]].
 
In addition, he is obliged to be "a chiefly figure for the {{wp|Shona people|Rwizi people}}," as he is seen to be an important leader of the Rwizi people.
 
==Residence==
[[File:Arquivo_da_Agência_Brasil_-_Brasília_11.jpg|250px|thumb|left|[[Imba yo Rudzi]] on the southern banks of the [[Chitsvene River]], 2016]]
From the establishment of the monarchy until the completion of the [[Imba yoRudzi]] in [[Guta raMambo]], the monarch of Rwizikuru lived and worked at the [[Old Palace Museum, Port Fitzhubert|former Presidential Palace]] in [[Port Fitzhubert]]. However, after the defeat of Rwizikuru in the [[Mabiifan-Rwizikuran War]] and the [[Garamburan War of Independence]], [[Izibongo Ngonidzashe]] moved the capital to Guta raMambo, with the Imba yoRudzi to serve as the {{wp|royal palace|royal residence}} for the reigning monarch and his children.


However, the duties of the monarch, according to the Rwizikuran Basic Law, include allocating resources "for the efficient operation of the veRwizi nation," to "act in a dignified and righteous manner befitting a King," and to allow ordinary people to come to the Mambo to try and get their grievances addressed. In addition, he is obliged to be "a chiefly figure for the {{wp|Shona people|veRwizi people}}," as he is seen to be an important leader of the veRwizi people.
Today, the Imba yoRudzi serves as the primary {{wp|official residence}} of the Rwizikuran monarchy, although the monarch owns [[Royal Mohubedu Farm]] in [[Mohubedu]] as a countryside retreat, and still owns the [[Old Palace Museum, Port Fitzhubert|Old Palace Museum]], which has operated as a museum dedicated to the political history of [[Rwizikuru]], although currently, it is the temporary official residence of the [[Premier of Rwizikuru|Premier]] until a permanent residence is constructed at Guta raMambo for the Premier.


==List of Rwezikuran monarchs==
==List of Rwezikuran monarchs==
Line 26: Line 38:
! King !! Portrait !! Lived !! Relationship with predecessor !! Ruled from !! Ruled until
! King !! Portrait !! Lived !! Relationship with predecessor !! Ruled from !! Ruled until
|-
|-
| {{Center|Mambo<br>'''[[Izibongo Ngonidzashe|Ngonidzashe I]]'''<br>{{small|Izibongo Ngonidzashe}}}} || [[File:IzibongoNgonidzashe75.jpg|100px]] || 1921-1979 || none || 2 July, 1964 || 21 September, 1979
| {{Center|King<br>'''[[Izibongo Ngonidzashe|Ngonidzashe I]]'''<br>{{small|Izibongo Ngonidzashe}}}} || [[File:Mugabe_1979_a.jpg|100px]] || 1921-2019 || none || 1 June, 1968 || 21 February, 2019
|-
|-
| {{Center|Mambo<br>'''[[Kupakwashe Ngonidzashe|Ngonidzashe II]]'''<br>{{small|Kupakwashe Ngonidzashe}}}} || [[File:Teodoro_Obiang_Nguema_Mbasogo_at_the_White_House_in_2014.jpg|100px]] || 1942- || son of Izibongo Ngonidzashe || 21 September, 1979 || ''incumbent''
| {{Center|King<br>'''[[Munashe Ngonidzashe|Ngonidzashe II]]'''<br>{{small|Munashe Ngonidzashe}}}} || [[File:Munashe2018.jpg|100px]] || 1991- || son of Izibongo Ngonidzashe || 21 February, 2019 || ''incumbent''
|}
|}


==Line of succession==
==Line of succession==
The line of succession of [[Rwizikuru]] is based off of {{wp|agnatic primogeniture}}, with females and their descendants excluded from the line of succession. According to the ''[[Rwizikuran Basic Law]]'', all male descendants of [[President of Rwizikuru|the Father of the Nation]] ({{wp|Shona language|weRwizi}}: ''Baba veNyika''), [[Samhuri Ngonidzashe]], shall be eligible to succeed to the throne, unless disqualified by the reigning monarch.
{{main|Line of succession to the Rwizikuran throne}}
The line of succession of [[Rwizikuru]] is based off of {{wp|agnatic primogeniture}}, with females and their descendants excluded from the line of succession. According to the ''[[Rwizikuran Basic Law]]'', all male descendants of [[Munonzwa Ngonidzashe]], shall be eligible to succeed to the throne, unless disqualified by the reigning monarch.


{{Tree list}}
{{Tree list}}
*''[[Samhuri Ngonidzashe]] (c. 1899-1961)''
*''[[Mutupo Ngonidzashe]]'' (c. 1839-1901)
**[[File:Simple silver crown.svg|15px]] ''[[Izibongo Ngonidzashe]] (1921-1979)''
**''[[Munonzwa Ngonidzashe]]'' (c. 1897-1956)
***[[File:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] [[Kupakwashe Ngonidzashe]] (1942-)
**[[File:Simple silver crown.svg|15px]] ''[[Izibongo Ngonidzashe]]'' (1921-2019)
****'''(1)''' [[Munashe Ngonidzashe]] (1969-)
****''[[Joseph Ngonidzashe]]'' (1961-2002)
*****'''(2)''' [[Tavonga Ngonidzashe]] (1992-)
***[[File:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] [[Munashe Ngonidzashe]] (1991-)
******'''(3)''' [[Makomborero Ngonidzashe]] (2016-)
*****''[[Malcolm Ngonidzashe]]'' (2016-)<ref>Was disinherited in 2020 due to his "severe developmental delays."</ref>
******'''(4)''' [[Munyaradzi Ngonidzashe]] (2018-)
*****'''(1)''' [[Paul Ngonidzashe]] (2018-)
*****'''(5)''' [[Taremekedzwa Ngonidzashe]] (1998-)
****'''(2)''' [[Honore Ngonidzashe]] (1996-)
******'''(6)''' Zivai Ngonidzashe (2019-)
*****'''(3)''' Comfort Ngonidzashe (2023-)
*****'''(7)''' [[Taurainashe Ngonidzashe]] (2001-)
****'''(8)''' [[Munyai Ngonidzashe]] (1971-)
*****'''(9)''' Bastirai Ngonidzashe (1991-)
******'''(10)''' Dakarai Ngonidzashe (2015-)
******'''(11)''' Kuchema Ngonidzashe (2018-)
*****'''(12)''' Bhudhi Ngonidzashe (1997-)
****'''(13)''' [[Takwana Ngonidzashe]] (1975-)
*****'''(14)''' Kuseka Ngonidzashe (1997-)
*****'''(15)''' Karikoga Ngonidzashe (2000-)
*****'''(16)''' Kudzoka Ngonidzashe (2003-)
***''[[Simbarashe Ngonidzashe]] (1944-1996)''
****''[[Tatenda Ngonidzashe]] (1963-1995)''
*****''Rangarirai Ngonidzashe (1984-1995)''
*****''Rutendo Ngonidzashe (1986-1995)''
*****'''(17)''' [[Rudzi Ngonidzashe]] (1991-)
******'''(18)''' Ingwe Ngonidzashe (2012-)
****'''(19)''' [[Mangwanani Ngonidzashe]] (1966-)
*****'''(20)''' Samhuri Ngonidzashe (1989-)
******'''(21)''' Rangarirai Ngonidzashe (2011-)
******'''(22)''' Rutendo Ngonidzashe (2017-)
*****'''(23)''' Tashinga Ngonidzashe (1993-)
*****'''(24)''' Kutamba Ngonidzashe (1995-)
******'''(25)''' Twiza Ngonidzashe (2014-)
******'''(26)''' Tichayana Ngonidzashe (2016-)
****'''(27)''' [[Tamuka Ngonidzashe]] (1973-)
*****'''(28)''' Mhara Ngonidzashe (1999-)
******'''(30)''' Tashongedzwa Ngonidzashe (2017-)
*****'''(29)''' Musafare Ngonidzashe (2001-)
****'''(30)''' Tsuru Ngonidzashe (1975-)
*****'''(31)''' Mudiwa Ngonidzashe (1996-)
*****'''(32)''' Muchaneta Ngonidzashe (2000-)
***'''(33)''' [[Tashongedzwa Ngonidzashe]] (1947-)
****'''(34)''' Chamunorwa Ngonidzashe (1970-)
*****''Onai Ngonidzashe (1997-2012)''
****'''(35)''' Chidao Ngonidzashe (1974-)
*****'''(36)''' Hosho Ngonidzashe (1993-)
******'''(37)''' Chekutanga Ngonidzashe (2015-)
******'''(38)''' Chepiri Ngonidzashe (2015-)
******'''(39)''' Chetatu Ngonidzashe (2015-)
*****'''(40)''' Hungwe Ngonidzashe (1996-)
****'''(41)''' Kumbirai Ngonidzashe (1976-)
*****'''(42)''' Wonai Ngonidzashe (2002-)
*****'''(43)''' Mutupo Ngonidzashe (2004-)
****''[[Mweya Ngonidzashe]] (1979-2017)<ref>He and his descendants were stripped of their status by [[Kupakwashe Ngonidzashe]] in 2006 following accusations by the King that his children were offspring of an adulterous relationship, although Mweya Ngonidzashe argues the removal of their royal status was due to Mweya's support of a constitutional monarchy in Rwizikuru.</ref>
*****''Nduma Ngonidzashe'' (2000-)
*****''Nzou Ngonidzashe'' (2003-)
***''Shungudzemwoyo Ngonidzashe'' (1950-1959)
***'''(44)''' [[Taropafadzwa Ngonidzashe]] (1954-)
****'''(45)''' Nhoro Ngonidzashe (1980-)
*****'''(46)''' Makomborero Ngonidzashe (2008-)
****'''(47)''' Isheanesu Ngonidzashe (1986-)
*****'''(48)''' Tirivangani Ngonidzashe (2011-)
*****'''(49)''' Tonderai Ngonidzashe (2014-)
**'''(50)''' [[Ingwe Ngonidzashe]] (1925-)
***''[[Tamai Ngonidzashe]] (1949-2010)''
****'''(51)''' Hatitye Ngonidzashe (1975-)
*****'''(52)''' Tateguru Ngonidzashe (2007-)
*****'''(53)''' Taremekedzwa Ngonidzashe (2012-)
****'''(54)''' Nashe Ngonidzashe (1979-)
*****'''(55)''' Nhamoinesu Ngonidzashe (2000-)
******'''(56)''' Muzukuru Ngonidzashe (2019-)
*****'''(57)''' Nhoro Ngonidzashe (2002-)
****'''(58)''' Garai Ngonidzashe (1981-)
***'''(59)''' [[Tazvitya Ngonidzashe]] (1951-)
***'''(60)''' Dunzvi Ngonidzashe (1954-)
****'''(61)''' Tsungirirai Ngonidzashe (1990-)
******'''(62)''' Chekutanga Ngonidzashe (2013-)
******'''(63)''' Chepiri Ngonidzashe (2013-)
*****'''(64)''' Tichatonga Ngonidzashe (1992-)
*****'''(65)''' Shingai Ngonidzashe (1995-)
****'''(66)''' Nyashadzashe Ngonidzashe (1971-)
*****'''(67)''' Toitasei Ngonidzashe (1994-)
****'''(68)''' Ngonidzashe Ngonidzashe (1974-)
***'''(69)''' Takaedza Ngonidzashe (1957-)
****'''(70)''' Munashi Ngonidzashe (1972-)
*****'''(71)''' Kusvika Ngonidzashe (1991-)
******'''(72)''' Upenyu Ngonidzashe (2013-)
****'''(73)''' Maguri Ngonidzashe (1974-)
*****'''(74)''' Buve Ngonidzashe (1995-)
******'''(75)''' Dangwe Ngonidzashe (2019-)
******'''(76)''' Chipiri Ngonidzashe (2019-)
*****'''(77)''' Funganayi Ngonidzashe (1997-)
**''[[Fred Ngonidzashe]]'' (1928-1981)<ref>Fred and his descendants were stripped of their status by [[Kupakwashe Ngonidzashe]] in 1980 following a coup attempt against Kupakwashe: Chenjerai and his descendants were subsequently reinstated in 2002, though Chenjerai's younger brother, Muchazvireva, and his descendants have not.</ref>
***'''(78)''' Chenjerai Ngonidzashe (1956-)
****'''(79)''' Gondo Ngonidzashe (1981-)
*****'''(80)''' Kuvimbika Ngonidzashe (2003-)
*****'''(81)''' Rungano Ngonidzashe (2008-)
****'''(82)''' Taonatose Ngonidzashe (1984-)
*****'''(83)''' Dzingai Ngonidzashe (2005-)
*****'''(84)''' Vudzijena Ngonidzashe (2009-)
****'''(85)''' Mutungamiri Ngonidzashe (1987-)
***''Muchazvireva Ngonidzashe'' (1959-)
****''Takunda Ngonidzashe'' (1979-)
*****''Jean Ngonidzashe'' (2001-)
*****''Pierre Ngonidzashe'' (2004-)
****''Sikarudzi Ngonidzashe'' (1982-)
*****''Baba Ngonidzashe'' (2011-)
*****''Kutamba Ngonidzashe'' (2014-)
**''[[Shungudzemwoyo Ngonidzashe]]'' (1932-2002)
***'''(86)''' Kudiwanashe Ngonidzashe (1963-)
****'''(87)''' Rambwa Ngonidzashe (1988-)
***'''(88)''' Akadzva Ngonidzashe (1966-)
****'''(89)''' Shingai Ngonidzashe (1985-)
*****'''(90)''' Tsuru Ngonidzashe (2012-)
*****'''(91)''' Kuseka Ngonidzashe (2015-)
****'''(92)''' Manenji Ngonidzashe (1987-)
****'''(93)''' Nyasha Ngonidzashe (1991-)
*****'''(94)''' Tichayana Ngonidzashe (2012-)
***'''(95)''' [[Tamutswa Ngonidzashe]] (1971-)
****'''(96)''' Kapomba Ngonidzashe (1998-)
*****'''(97)''' Tapfuma Ngonidzashe (2018-)
*****'''(98)''' Dakarai Ngonidzashe (2019-)
****'''(99)''' Tashongedzwa Ngonidzashe (2000-)
*****'''(100)''' Musafare Ngonidzashe (2017-)
****'''(101)''' Mazomba Ngonidzashe (2004-)
****'''(102)''' Nhamoinesu Ngonidzashe (2007-)
****'''(103)''' Kupedzisira Ngonidzashe (2011-)
{{Tree list/end}}
{{Tree list/end}}


==Notes==
==Notes==
[[Category:Rwizikuru]]
[[Category:Monarchy of Rwizikuru]][[Category:Politics of Rwizikuru]]

Latest revision as of 04:44, 15 August 2023

King of Rwizikuru
File:CoatOfArmsOfRwizikuru.png
Incumbent
File:Munashe2018.jpg
Ngonidzashe II
since 21 February, 2019
Details
Heir apparentCrown Prince Paul Ngonidzashe
First monarchNgonidzashe I
Formation1 June, 1968
ResidenceImba yoRudzi, Guta raMambo

Rwizikuru is a constitutional monarchy ruled by the King (Rwizi: Mambo), established in 1968 by Izibongo Ngonidzashe after he purged his opponents within the National Salvation Council which governed the country following a coup that removed Pierre-Ardachir Niyonzima from the Presidency. His descendants continue to rule over Rwizikuru today as the House of Ngonidzashe.

Until 2020, they served as absolute monarch, serving as both the head of state and head of government of Rwizikuru. Since the passage of the 2020 constitution, the monarch serves as a constitutional monarch, and only as a head of state, with the Premier serving as head of government.

Rights and duties

According to the Rwizikuran Basic Law, which superseded the Constitution of Rwizikuru in 1968, the King was an absolute monarch, with executive, legislative, and judicial power. Thus, he had the power to appoint and remove officials at His Majesty's pleasure, to institute legislation, and to serve as "the final arbiter" in legal disputes, as well as the right to pardon criminals, without being held accountable to the people.

However, the duties of the monarch, according to the Rwizikuran Basic Law, included allocating resources "for the efficient operation of the Rwizi nation," to "act in a dignified and righteous manner befitting a King," and to allow ordinary people to come to the King to try and get their grievances addressed.

However, under the current Constitution of Rwizikuru, the King's powers were significantly reduced and transferred to the newly-created position of Premier, although the King still remains the head of state of Rwizikuru. The only powers he still maintains is the right to pardon criminals (excluding those convicted on corruption and heinous crimes), and to legislate matters concerning the ruling House of Ngonidzashe or the line of succession.

In addition, he is obliged to be "a chiefly figure for the Rwizi people," as he is seen to be an important leader of the Rwizi people.

Residence

Imba yo Rudzi on the southern banks of the Chitsvene River, 2016

From the establishment of the monarchy until the completion of the Imba yoRudzi in Guta raMambo, the monarch of Rwizikuru lived and worked at the former Presidential Palace in Port Fitzhubert. However, after the defeat of Rwizikuru in the Mabiifan-Rwizikuran War and the Garamburan War of Independence, Izibongo Ngonidzashe moved the capital to Guta raMambo, with the Imba yoRudzi to serve as the royal residence for the reigning monarch and his children.

Today, the Imba yoRudzi serves as the primary official residence of the Rwizikuran monarchy, although the monarch owns Royal Mohubedu Farm in Mohubedu as a countryside retreat, and still owns the Old Palace Museum, which has operated as a museum dedicated to the political history of Rwizikuru, although currently, it is the temporary official residence of the Premier until a permanent residence is constructed at Guta raMambo for the Premier.

List of Rwezikuran monarchs

King Portrait Lived Relationship with predecessor Ruled from Ruled until
King
Ngonidzashe I
Izibongo Ngonidzashe
Mugabe 1979 a.jpg 1921-2019 none 1 June, 1968 21 February, 2019
King
Ngonidzashe II
Munashe Ngonidzashe
File:Munashe2018.jpg 1991- son of Izibongo Ngonidzashe 21 February, 2019 incumbent

Line of succession

The line of succession of Rwizikuru is based off of agnatic primogeniture, with females and their descendants excluded from the line of succession. According to the Rwizikuran Basic Law, all male descendants of Munonzwa Ngonidzashe, shall be eligible to succeed to the throne, unless disqualified by the reigning monarch.

Notes

  1. Was disinherited in 2020 due to his "severe developmental delays."