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Consul of Latium

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Incumbent co-consuls
Princess Maria
Consul posterior
The Princess Maria
Consuls of the Latin Empire for the year 2024

The Consul is one of the most prestigious offices and honorifics in Latium, and was formerly the highest elected political office in ancient Latium. Despite lacking administrative duties or executive authority, the role of Consul remains of significant importance, as it is the only position that may be shared by the Emperor.

The role of the consul in government has frequently changed since its inception in the 6th century BCE. At its inception, the consuls served as the supreme civil and military authority of the state. However as the emperors supplanted the consuls as the supreme ruler of Latium, the consulship transitioned into a senior administrative role, and one that was frequently assumed by the emperor themselves. The emperor has been the sole appointer of the consulship since the 1st century CE, but until the 6th century CE was nominally elected.

Selection and duties

From the 6th century BCE origin of the consulship until the 6th or 7th century CE, the consuls were elected, even if only nominally, from among the Senate. From the 7th century onward, the consulship has been appointed by the emperor.

Two consuls are chosen every calendar year, with a term lasting from 1 January to 31 December. A consul appointed to start the year is the ordinary consul (consul ordinarius). Suffect consuls (consul suffectus) are appointed to serve the remainder of an ordinary consul's term if a consul resigns or is removed before their term is complete. Ordinary consuls chosen at the start of the year hold more prestige than a suffect consul.

The consul whose name is listed first is the consul prior. Most often, the consul prior is the emperor, a member of the Imperial Family, or other close relative of the emperor. The consul whose name is listed second is the consul posterior. Traditionally, the consul posterior is a prominent senator or other important figure at court or in government, or at times another member of the imperial family.

During a new emperor's first year on the throne, he serves as consul for the year without a colleague. When the role of junior emperor exists, the senior and junior emperor traditionally assume the role of consul for the first full year following the junior emperor's Acclamatio. Thereafter, the senior emperor and junior emperor each selected on consul for the year. When this arrangement exists, each also appoints a suffect consul for the final six months of the year. Following a senatorial election, the incoming Praeses Senatus is appointed consul posterior and serves as consul alongside the emperor for the first year of the new senate.

List of 21st century consuls

Year Consul prior Consul posterior
2001 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Peterus Iacaerus Hadrianus Cae. Aug. VIII Gn. Seius Tubero Iustinus
2002 Imp. Aug. Stephania Pinaria Atrea Maria Evantia I Dux A. Pinarius Natta Michael Constantinus
2003 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Peterus Iacaerus Hadrianus Cae. Aug. IX G. Julius Libo Constantinus Spurius
2004 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Peterus Iacaerus Hadrianus Cae. Aug. X Ant. Tullius Longus Rufus Aurelius
suff. G. Anicius Eusebius Theophylatcus Marius Dux Catanae M. Stellantinus Acidinus Ioannes
2005 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Peterus Iacaerus Hadrianus Cae. Aug. XI Aur. Otacilius Constantinus Georgius
2006 Pr. Fl. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Theodosius Gregorius Constantinus Dux Beroeae III L. Claudius Sabinus Michael Theodosius
suff. Pr. Maria Claudia Anicia Christina Iacaera Constantia I
2007 C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Constantinus Iacaerus Atreus Marius Cae. Imp. Dest. III M. Bodius Silvanus Valens
suff. Dux Gn. Tarpeius Montanus Constantinus Apollos Dux T. Rasinius Draucus Eusebius Epicurus
2008 Pr. Vop. Claudius Anicius Ioannes Leo Andreas Silvanus Dux Auruncae III Aur. Flavius Asbadus Aquila Celsus
2009 Imp. Aug. Stephania Pinaria Atrea Maria Evantia II Dux A. Pinarius Natta Michael Constantinus II
2010 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Peterus Iacaerus Hadrianus Cae. Aug. XIII Dux Maria Tarpeia Anicia Iuliana Antontia
2011 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Peterus Iacaerus Hadrianus Cae. Aug. XII Pr. Maria Claudia Anicia Christina Iacaera Constantia II
suff. Victor Gentilius Ravenna Ioannes Theophylactus Alexius Dux Ravennae
2012 Imp. Aug. Stephania Pinaria Atrea Maria Evantia III G. Pinarius Natta Michael Constantinus
2013 Pr. Leona Claudia Anicia Diana Evantia Jacoba II Pr. Selena Claudia Anicia Iacaera Atrea Honoria
2014 Pr. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Constantinus Iacaerus Atreus Marius Cae. Imp. Dest. IV Pr. Am. Verrucosa Petra Diana Isabella I
suff. Leo Dux Celda G. Pinarius Natta Michael Atreus
2015 Imp. Diana Anicia Maria Theodora Constantina Cae. Aug. XVI Alexander Pompilius Cicero Felix I
2016 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Peterus Iacaerus Hadrianus Cae. Aug. XVI Pr. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Constantinus Iacaerus Atreus Marius Cae. Imp. Dest. V
suff. St. Stilcho Marcius Theodorus Alexander
2017 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Peterus Iacaerus Hadrianus Cae. Aug. XVIII Pr. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Constantinus Iacaerus Atreus Marius Cae. Imp. Dest. VI
2018 Pr. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Constantinus Iacaerus Atreus Marius Cae. Imp. Dest. VII Pr. Amelia Verrucosa Petra Diana Isabella II
2019 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Constantinus Iacaerus Atreus Marius Cae. VIII Pr. Leo Iohannes Robertus Aurelius Gentilius Hyperborea
2020 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Peterus Iacaerus Hadrianus Cae. Aug. XIV Alexander Pompilius Cicero Felix II
2021 Pr. Fl. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Theodosius Gregorius Constantinus Dux Beroeae IV D. Rasinius Olybrius Theodosius
2022 C. Claudius Nero Ioannes Florianus Hadrianus Dux Fl. Aemilius Paullus Theodosius Stephanus
2023 Sp. Julius Libo Constantinus Lucerius F. Verrucosa Valentia Zoe Damiane
2024 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Peterus Iacaerus Hadrianus Cae. Aug. XV Pr. Maria Claudia Anicia Christina Iacaera Constantia III

Key

Terms
  • Imperator, abbreviated as Imp., in reference to the emperor
  • Caesar, abbreviated as Cae., in reference to the title Caesar
  • Augustus, abbreviated as Aug., in reference to the title Augustus
  • Princeps, abbreviated as Pr., in reference to a prince or princess
  • Imperator Destinatus, abbreviated as Imp. Dest., in reference to the heir apparent or Prince of Youth
  • Suffectus, abbreviated as Suff., in reference to a substitute or appointee in place of a consul who died, resigned, or was removed from office before the completion of term.
Praenomen abbreviations
  • A. = Aulus
  • Ap. = Appius
  • Aur. = Aurelius
  • Ant. = Antonius
  • C. = Gaius
  • Cn. = Gnaeus
  • D. = Decimus
  • F. = Faustus
  • K. = Caeso
  • L. = Lucius
  • M. = Marcus
  • Mam. = Mamercus
  • N. = Numerius
  • Opet. = Opiter
  • P. = Publius
  • Post. = Postumus
  • Proc. = Proculus
  • Ser. = Servius
  • Sex. = Sextus
  • Sp. = Spurius
  • T. = Titus
  • Ti. = Tiberius
  • Vop. = Vopiscus
  • Q. = Quintus
Colors

See also