Northumbric language

Northumbric
ᛄᛠᚱᛗᚣᛗᛒᚢᚱᚠᚪᛞᚪ Hjermymbervada
Pronunciation	/d͡ʒəːmɪːmˌbɚːˈvad̪a/
Native to	Ambrose
Region	Esquarium
Native speakers	X (2015) 6,644,000
Language family	Uralic Nevanic Voragonevanic Northumbric Northumbric
Early form	=
Writing system	Runic Latin
Official status
Official language in	Ambrose
Recognised minority language in	Template:Country data Endynru
Regulated by	Northumbric Language Preservation Institute
Language codes
ISO 639-3	nmb

Northumbric (ᛄᛠᚱᛗᚣᛗᛒᚢᚱᚠᚪᛞᚪ tr. Hjermymbervada, "language of the north river") is a Nevanic language spoken in the Northumberland region of Ambrose. It is a member of the Voragonevanic language family, with its closest modern relative (aside from several other Hyperborean minority languages) being the distantly-related Conitonevanic Mespalian language. As such, it is derived primarily from Common Voragonevanic, although since the 11th century it has been subject to significant Anglo-Saxon influence.

Despite its status as the most widely spoken Voragonevanic language in Esquarium, it is spoken by a minority of Northumbrians — only 6,644,000 native speakers as of 2016, approximately 45% of the total Northumbrian population. Largely due to 19th and 20th century Ambrosian language politics, it has been supplanted as a first language by Anglish throughout much of the Northumberland. However, it persists as a vernacular in several rural and isolated regions of Tyemara, Collmagorscoye, and Ulfstead.

Northumbric is characterized by its agglutination, g morphological type, with a small case system; three rows of conjugation (subject, subject-object and "return"); rich system of moods , expressing a variety of meanings - in particular, evidential , but with a very poor system of verb tenses . There is a ramified system of nonfinite forms , nominal conjugation (the use of verb indices for names , for example, not “woman”, not “I am a woman”).

Nouns are characterized by three grammatical numbers (singular, dual, and plural), seven cases, the category of personal belonging, and personal-purpose suffixes . There are three verb tenses : indefinite, past and future. There is objective, subject and objectless conjugations. Verb infinitive is indicated by the suffix -c (first class), -c, or -z (second class).

Orthography

The 32-character alphabet of the Northumbric language is based on the Runic script; specifically the Anglish futhorc, a rune set derived from the Sjealandian elder futhark. Unlike modern Anglish, it continues to be written in Runic as well as being transliterated to the Latin script, using the standard 26 letters as well as additional characters: ʼ and ˮ.

ᚠ /f/	ᚢ /u/	ᚦ /θ/	ᚩ /o/	ᚱ /r/	ᚳ /k/	ᚷ /ɣ/	ᚹ /w/	ᚻ /h/	ᚾ /n/	ᛁ /i/
ᛄ /j/	ᛇ /ç/	ᛈ /p/	ᛉ /ks/	ᛋ /s/	ᛏ /t/	ᛒ /b/	ᛖ /e/	ᛗ /m/	ᛚ /l/	ᛝ /ŋg/
ᛟ /e:/	ᛞ /d/	ᚪ /a/	ᚫ /æ/	ᚣ /y/	ᛡ /ja/	ᛠ /æɑ/	ᛢ /kw/	ᛥ /st/	ᚸ /g/	ˮ /ʔ/

The Runic script has no direct counterpart for the phoneme schwa, [ə], and as such it may appear as may appear as ⟨ᚪ⟩ or ⟨ᚩ⟩.

Phonology

Vowels

Northumbric vowels

	Front		Central		Back
	Unrounded	Rounded	Unrounded	Rounded	Unrounded	Rounded
Close	i, iː				ɯ, ɯ̟	u, ʊ
Mid			ə, ɘː		ɤ, ɤ̝	o̞, o̞ː
Open					a, aː

Consonants

Northumbric consonants

		Labial		Alveolar		Retroflex	Palatal	Velar		Glottal
		Plain	Pl	Plain	Pl			Plain	Pl	Plain	Pl
Nasal		m	mʲ	n	nʲ			ŋ
Plosive	Voiced	b	bʲ	d	dʲ			ɡ		ʔ̬
	Voiceless	p	pʲ	t	tʲ			k	kʲ	ʔ
Affricate				t͡s	t͡sʲ
Fricative	Voiced	(v)		z	zʲ			(ɣ)
	Voiceless	(f)		s	sʲ		ɕ			h	hʲ
Trill				r	rʲ
Approximant		w		l	lʲ		j	(ʍ)

Sample

Northumbric Runic	Transliteration	English translation
ᛖᛏ ᛉᛁᛒᛄᚫᚱᛁ ᚾᛖᚾᛖᚳ ᛋᚩᛄᚪᛗᚪᚱᛠᚾᛏᚪ ᛉᚢᚱᚳᚪᚱᛁ ᛈᚱᚪᚠᚪᚪ ᛏᚾᛄᚪᚠᚪ, ᚾᚩᛒᚩᛄ ᚾᛖᚾᛖᛖᛄᚪ ᚾᛁᛞᚢ ᚾᛁᚳ ᛏᚩᚳᚪᛚᛒᚪ, ᚾᚣᛒᛏᚪᛗᚪ ᛁᚳᛖᚠᚪᛏᚢ ᛏᚪᚱᚪ	Et xibjæri nenėc’ sojamareanta xurkari pravada tnjava, ṇoboj nenėėja nidu nic’ tokalba, ṇybtamba ilevatu tara.	All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.