State Presidium of Shangea: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox legislature
{{Infobox legislature
| name              = State Presidium of the Auspicious Republic of Xiaodong
| name              = State Presidium of the Auspicious Republic of Shangea
| native_name      = 晓东吉祥共和国国家常务委员会
| native_name      = 晓东吉祥共和国国家常务委员会
| native_name_lang  =  
| native_name_lang  =  
| transcription_name= Xiǎodōng Jíxiáng Gònghéguó Guójiā Chángwù Wěiyuánhuì
| transcription_name= Xiǎodōng Jíxiáng Gònghéguó Guójiā Chángwù Wěiyuánhuì
| legislature      = [[Xiaodongese general election, 2017|11<sup>th</sup> State Presidium]]
| legislature      =  
| coa_pic          = State Presidium symbol.png
| coa_pic          =  
| session_room      = Chongqing city hall 2.jpg
| session_room      =  
| house_type        = {{Wp|Unicameral}}
| house_type        =
| leader1_type      = [[Chairperson of the State Presidium of Xiaodong|Chairman]]
| leader1_type      = [[Chairperson of the State Presidium of Shangea|Chairman]]
| leader1          = [[Yuan Xiannian]]
| leader1          = [[Yuan Xiannian]]
| preceded_by      = [[Imperial Deliberative Assembly]]
| leader2_type      = Members
| foundation        = {{Start date and age|1935|05|12}}
| leader2          = [[Yuan Xiannian]], [[Wen Kezhi]], [[Wang Hongzhi]], [[Tang Shanyuan]], [[Yi Shaoqing]], [[Ren Shaokuan]], [[Lu Qinqin]], [[Jiang Zhongyu]], [[Mao Lejiang]], [[Lin Weiyuan]]
| party1            = ([[Xiaodong Regeneration Society]])
| preceded_by      =
| new_session      = 19<sup>th</sup> January 2017
| foundation        = {{Start date and age|1937|04|24}}
| election1        = 19<sup>th</sup> January 2017
| party1            =
| leader2_type      = [[Presiding Officer of the State Presidium of Xiaodong|Presiding Officer]]  
| new_session      =
| leader2          = [[Lu Yangling]]
| election1        =
| party2            = ([[Xiaodong Regeneration Society]])
| seats            = 11
| election2        = 2<sup>nd</sup> March 2012
| term_length      =  
| leader3_type      = Leader of Legislative Business
| last_election1    =  
| leader3          = [[Qiao Shengzuo]]  
| meeting_place    = Supreme Hall of State, [[Rongzhuo]], [[Shangea]]
| election3        = 13<sup>th</sup> August 2014
| constitution      = [[Constitution of Shangea]]
| party3            = ([[Xiaodong Regeneration Society]])
| leader4_type      = Leader of the Opposition of Xiaodong
| leader4          = [[Zhao Xiaojing]]
| election4        = 1<sup>st</sup> June 2018
| party4            =
| political_groups1 =
*{{Color box|#CE1126|border=darkgray}} [[Xiaodong Regeneration Society]] (319)
*{{Color box|#DDDDDD|border=darkgray}} {{wp|Independent (politics)|Independent}} (91)
*{{Color box|#000436|border=darkgray}} [[Association for Promoting Democracy]] (78)
*{{Color box|#fac000|border=darkgray}} [[Movement for National Principlism]] (75)
| structure1        = Xiao state presid.png
| structure1_res    = 270px
| voting_system1    = {{wp|Parallel voting}}<br>{{wp|First-past-the-post|FPTP}} (378 seats)<br>{{wp|Party-list proportional representation|PLPR}} (185 seats)
| seats            = 563
| term_length      = 5 years
| last_election1    = [[Xiaodongese general election, 2017|January 14<sup>th</sup>, 2017]]
| meeting_place    = Supreme Hall of State<br>[[Rongzhuo]] <br> [[Langang Prefecture|Langang]] <br> [[Xiaodong]]
| constitution      = [[Basic Law of Xiaodong]]
| website          =  
| website          =  
}}
}}
The '''State Presidium of the Auspicious Republic of Xiaodong''' (''{{wp|Mandarin Chinese|Xiaodongese}}'': '''晓东吉祥共和国国家常务委员会'''; ''Xiǎodōng Jíxiáng Gònghéguó Guójiā Chángwù Wěiyuánhuì'') is the ''de jure'' highest executive body of [[Xiaodong]] and its ''de facto'' highest legislative body.  
The '''State Presidium of the Auspicious Republic of Shangea''' (''{{wp|Mandarin Chinese|Shangean}}'': '''晓东吉祥共和国国家常务委员会'''; ''Xiǎodōng Jíxiáng Gònghéguó Guójiā Chángwù Wěiyuánhuì'') is the highest executive, legislative and judicial body in [[Shangea]]. It consists of 10 members - its own Chairman, the Premier, the Legislative Council President, the Examination Council President, the Judicial Council President, the chief of general staff and the ministers of international relations, finance, social affairs and security.  


The State Presidium was created in 1935 following the [[Corrective Revolution (Xiaodong)|Corrective Revolution]] being intended to be the highest executive body of state with the [[Chairperson of the State Presidium of Xiaodong|Chairperson of the State Preisidum]] being the {{wp|head of state}}. However due to its large size it delegated power to the smaller [[Council of Ministers (Xiaodong)|Council of Ministers]] and with the development of a {{wp|single-party state}} based around the office of the [[First Minister of Xiaodong]] the State Presidium became increasingly a rubber stamping body for the government, only meeting twice a year to approve of decisions already made in the Council of Ministers.  
The State Presidium was created in 1937 during the [[Shangean Civil War]] to act as a temporary executive, legislative and judicial body before the victory of the Army of National Salvation in areas controlled by the Army. Following the victory of army in 1940 it was retained as the highest body in that capacity becoming insistutionalised following the signing of the 1942 constitution on the grounds of adhering to [[National Principlism|national principlist]] doctrine. The [[State Chairman of Shangea|Chairman]] of the State Presidium also quickly became the dominant leader in Shangean politics due to this as the State Presidium superseded both the Legislative and Executive Councils as the centre of power in the Shangean state.  


Following the development of democracy in Xiaodong during the mid-1980's the State Presidium officially took the powers of a national legislature and became an elected body, similar to a national parliament - as a result many Xiaodongese refer to it as a "''parliament''" (国会; ''Guóhuì'') rather than Presidium (常务委员会; ''Chángwù Wěiyuánhuì''). The Chairman acts as the ''de jure'' speaker but in practice due to the Stte Chairmans duties as head of state the Presiding Officer often chairs the Presidium in the Chairman's place.  
Prior to the 1980's outside the positions of State Chairman and presidents of the four councils (executive, legislative, judicial and examination) membership of the State Presidium was ''ad hoc'' although senior ministers and military officers often sat on the State Presidium. The State Presidium during the 1960's reached a height of 18 members although membership was usually around half that number. In 1988 constitutional amendments resulted in members of the State Presidium being formally codified to that of the previous five defined members plus the chief of staff and social affairs, security, international relations and finance ministers.
 
The current State Presidium is led by [[Yuan Xiannian]], who has served in the role since 2016.
 
==History==
==Current composition==
{| class="wikitable"
! 
! width="35%" |  Position
! Picture
! width="15%" | Name
! width="30%" | Member since
! width="25%" | Party
|-
| width=5px style="background-color:#DC143C" |
| [[State Chairman of Shangea|State Chairman]]
| [[File:Shinzō Abe.jpg|60px]]
| [[Yuan Xiannian]]
| 18<sup>th</sup> May 2000<br>21<sup>st</sup> May 2005 <small>(current position)</small>
| [[Society for Restoring Benevolence]]
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: grey" |
| [[Premier of Shangea|Premier]]
| [[File:Wang Yang (Chinese politician) Washington 2013.jpg|60px]]
| [[Wen Kezhi]]
| 8<sup>th</sup> March 2022
| {{wp|Independent (politics)|Nonpartisan}}
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: #DC143C" |
| [[President of the Legislative Council (Shangea)|Legislative Council President]]
| [[File:Chinese FM Wang Yi in Washington, 19 September 2013.jpg|60px]]
| [[Wang Hongzhi]]
| 14<sup>th</sup> April 2014
| [[Society for Restoring Benevolence]]
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: #DC143C" |
| [[President of the Examination Council (Shangea)|Examination Council President]]
| [[File:Liu Xiaoming, Ambassador of the Peoples Republic of China to the UK.jpg|60px]]
| [[Tang Shanyuan]]
| 8<sup>th</sup> March 2022
| [[Society for Restoring Benevolence]]
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: grey" |
| [[President of the Judicial Council (Shangea)|Judicial Council President]]
| [[File:Wang Qishan 2010 (cropped).jpg|60px]]
| [[Yi Shaoqing]]
| 4<sup>th</sup> February 2010
| {{wp|Independent (politics)|Nonpartisan}}
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: grey" |
| [[Army of National Salvation|Chief of General Staff Headquarters]]
| [[File:General Qi Jianguo.jpg|60px]]
| [[Lin Weiyuan]]
| 8<sup>th</sup> March 2022
| {{wp|Independent (politics)|Nonpartisan}}
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: #DC143C" |
| [[Coordinating Ministry of International Relations|Coordinating Minister of International Relations]]
| [[File:Xi Pinping 2019.jpg|60px]]
| [[Jiang Zhongyu]]
| 21<sup>st</sup> May 2005<br>8<sup>th</sup> March 2022 <small>(current position)</small>
| [[Society for Restoring Benevolence]]
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: #DC143C" |
| [[Coordinating Ministry of Financial and Economic Affairs|Coordinating Minister of Financial and Economic Affairs]]
| [[File:Hu Chunhua (2019-09-05) 2.jpg|60px]]
| [[Mao Lejiang]]
| 22<sup>nd</sup> May 2018
| [[Society for Restoring Benevolence]]
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: #DC143C" |
| [[Coordinating Ministry of Social and Cultural Affairs|Coordinating Minister of Social and Cultural Affairs]]
| [[File:Yuan Qinqin.jpg|60px]]
| [[Lu Qinqin]]
| 22<sup>nd</sup> May 2018
| [[Society for Restoring Benevolence]]
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: grey" |
| [[Coordinating Ministry of Security and Justice Affairs|Coordinating Minister of Security and Justice Affairs]]
| [[File:Wei Fenghe.jpg|60px]]
| [[Ren Shaokuan]]
| | 16<sup>th</sup> June 2017<br>8<sup>th</sup> March 2022 <small>(current position)</small>
| {{wp|Independent (politics)|Nonpartisan}}
|}


The 563 seats in the State Presidium is elected every five years (although the Chairman may dissolve it at any time) through a  {{wp|parallel voting}} system with 378 seats being elected via {{wp|first-past-the-post}} and 185 seats via {{wp|party-list proportional representation}}. There have been calls to diminish the State Presidium's legislative functions, rescind its status as an elected body and restore it to an appointed executive body.
{{Xiaodong Topics}}
[[Category:Xiaodong]][[Category:Politics in Xiaodong]]
[[Category:Xiaodong]][[Category:Politics in Xiaodong]]

Latest revision as of 01:11, 10 January 2024

State Presidium of the Auspicious Republic of Shangea

晓东吉祥共和国国家常务委员会

Xiǎodōng Jíxiáng Gònghéguó Guójiā Chángwù Wěiyuánhuì
History
FoundedApril 24, 1937; 87 years ago (1937-04-24)
Leadership
Members
Seats11
Meeting place
Supreme Hall of State, Rongzhuo, Shangea
Constitution
Constitution of Shangea

The State Presidium of the Auspicious Republic of Shangea (Shangean: 晓东吉祥共和国国家常务委员会; Xiǎodōng Jíxiáng Gònghéguó Guójiā Chángwù Wěiyuánhuì) is the highest executive, legislative and judicial body in Shangea. It consists of 10 members - its own Chairman, the Premier, the Legislative Council President, the Examination Council President, the Judicial Council President, the chief of general staff and the ministers of international relations, finance, social affairs and security.

The State Presidium was created in 1937 during the Shangean Civil War to act as a temporary executive, legislative and judicial body before the victory of the Army of National Salvation in areas controlled by the Army. Following the victory of army in 1940 it was retained as the highest body in that capacity becoming insistutionalised following the signing of the 1942 constitution on the grounds of adhering to national principlist doctrine. The Chairman of the State Presidium also quickly became the dominant leader in Shangean politics due to this as the State Presidium superseded both the Legislative and Executive Councils as the centre of power in the Shangean state.

Prior to the 1980's outside the positions of State Chairman and presidents of the four councils (executive, legislative, judicial and examination) membership of the State Presidium was ad hoc although senior ministers and military officers often sat on the State Presidium. The State Presidium during the 1960's reached a height of 18 members although membership was usually around half that number. In 1988 constitutional amendments resulted in members of the State Presidium being formally codified to that of the previous five defined members plus the chief of staff and social affairs, security, international relations and finance ministers.

The current State Presidium is led by Yuan Xiannian, who has served in the role since 2016.

History

Current composition

Position Picture Name Member since Party
State Chairman Shinzō Abe.jpg Yuan Xiannian 18th May 2000
21st May 2005 (current position) 		Society for Restoring Benevolence
Premier Wang Yang (Chinese politician) Washington 2013.jpg Wen Kezhi 8th March 2022 Nonpartisan
Legislative Council President Chinese FM Wang Yi in Washington, 19 September 2013.jpg Wang Hongzhi 14th April 2014 Society for Restoring Benevolence
Examination Council President Liu Xiaoming, Ambassador of the Peoples Republic of China to the UK.jpg Tang Shanyuan 8th March 2022 Society for Restoring Benevolence
Judicial Council President Wang Qishan 2010 (cropped).jpg Yi Shaoqing 4th February 2010 Nonpartisan
Chief of General Staff Headquarters General Qi Jianguo.jpg Lin Weiyuan 8th March 2022 Nonpartisan
Coordinating Minister of International Relations Xi Pinping 2019.jpg Jiang Zhongyu 21st May 2005
8th March 2022 (current position) 		Society for Restoring Benevolence
Coordinating Minister of Financial and Economic Affairs Hu Chunhua (2019-09-05) 2.jpg Mao Lejiang 22nd May 2018 Society for Restoring Benevolence
Coordinating Minister of Social and Cultural Affairs Yuan Qinqin.jpg Lu Qinqin 22nd May 2018 Society for Restoring Benevolence
Coordinating Minister of Security and Justice Affairs Wei Fenghe.jpg Ren Shaokuan 16th June 2017
8th March 2022 (current position) 		Nonpartisan
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