Yemet: Difference between revisions
| Line 142: | Line 142: | ||
Following the end of the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]], the colony of Haute-Gond was transferred over to [[Werania]] as part of the new Weranian colony of Obergond, incorporating the [[Kulo State|Kulo Region]] from the former Gaullican colony of [[Baséland]] while the [[The Magadi|Ade Protectorate]] was ceded to the Estmerish colony of xx and the [[Ibabochian Panhandle]] was transfered to the Weranian colony of [[Silberkuste|Masari]]. The Gaullican administration and population were quickly repatriated to Gaullica and a new colonial administration was set up, which immediately faced a problem in the large numbers of Irfanic ''Tirailleurs Bahiens'' who refused to disarm. Not wanting to become embroiled in a colonial war against the Gaullican-armed and trained ''Tirailleurs Bahiens'', the vast majority of the ''Tirailleurs Bahiens'' were enlisted into the [[Schutztruppe Obergond]] after an agreement was reached with the various native rulers that ruled much of the inland area of the colony as protectorates. | Following the end of the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]], the colony of Haute-Gond was transferred over to [[Werania]] as part of the new Weranian colony of Obergond, incorporating the [[Kulo State|Kulo Region]] from the former Gaullican colony of [[Baséland]] while the [[The Magadi|Ade Protectorate]] was ceded to the Estmerish colony of xx and the [[Ibabochian Panhandle]] was transfered to the Weranian colony of [[Silberkuste|Masari]]. The Gaullican administration and population were quickly repatriated to Gaullica and a new colonial administration was set up, which immediately faced a problem in the large numbers of Irfanic ''Tirailleurs Bahiens'' who refused to disarm. Not wanting to become embroiled in a colonial war against the Gaullican-armed and trained ''Tirailleurs Bahiens'', the vast majority of the ''Tirailleurs Bahiens'' were enlisted into the [[Schutztruppe Obergond]] after an agreement was reached with the various native rulers that ruled much of the inland area of the colony as protectorates. | ||
The majority Gaullican-owned mines and Yemet's limited industrial capacity and rail network were divided up between various Weranian companies, while formerly Gaullican-owned lands were to be sold at cheap prices to Weranian settlers. | The majority Gaullican-owned mines and Yemet's limited industrial capacity and rail network were divided up between various Weranian companies, while formerly Gaullican-owned lands were to be sold at cheap prices to Weranian settlers. The small Irfanic urban populace was forcibly resettled to the countryside to make cheap housing available for Weranian colonists, and internal migration was heavily reduced, while the native units of the Schutztruppe Obergond were gradually disbanded as the Weranian colonial government saw less need for them. Over the 1930s a racial caste system was formally established, as a democratic government was set up but voting was heavily restricted by poll taxes, property requirements, literacy tests and extremely poor access to polling stations outside of cities to restrict voting solely to Weranian settlers, while the Irfanic populace was to be represented by their traditional rulers who were formed into a largely-ignored advisory body. | ||
By the | By the mid 1940s, having sold all the previously Gaullican owned land, the colonial government had started to seize the traditional lands from the native population of the colony, selling the ownership of the land to Weranian farmers to further encourage migration. Some native groups were forcibly relocated to reserves to open up new areas for settler farms, while others were {{wp|villagization|forcibly moved into villages}}. Many natives, previously engaged in subsistence agriculture, were forced to become wage labourers for Weranian colonists that now owned the land they used to own communally. By 1948 it was estimated by the Obergondan Agricultural Committee that almost 150,000km<sup>2</sup> of arable land in Obergond was owned by 47,000 Weranians, while 18,000km<sup>2</sup> was owned by an estimated 2 million natives, with another 7 million owning either owning no land at all or using communally owned land not counted in the land survey. | ||
The combination of political disenfranchisement, racial discrimination, forced relocation and land seizures, along with extremely poor pay for agricultural labourers led to major growth in underground trade unions, initially formed among agricultural labourers in the late 1930s and focused on individual farms, but quickly grouping together into larger organisations during the mid 1940s including mine labourers and other native workers. Strikes and protests were normally brutally put down by the Schutztruppe. | |||
- | By the late 1940s, the various worker organisations had begun to turn militant, arming themselves with a variety of stolen rifles, machetes, spears and shields, and bows and arrows. Lightly equipped compared to the professionally equipped and trained Schutztruppe, the various anti-colonial groups, including the [[Gondan National Liberation Army]], the [[Sotirian Democratic Front]], the [[Liberation Army of the Gonda]] and others conducted a {{wp|guerilla war}} against the Weranian colonial administration in the [[Yemeti Bush War]], frequently attacking Weranian settlers on their farms. By 1953, the Schutztruppe was overextended and international and domestic pressure on [[Werania]] to decolonise forced the Weranian chancellor, [[Viktor Beer-Hofmann]], to grant Obergond independence as the [[First Federation of Yemet]] on 12th August 1953. | ||
===First Federation of Yemet (1953 - 1964)=== | ===First Federation of Yemet (1953 - 1964)=== | ||
Revision as of 19:42, 29 January 2021
Irfanic Republic of Yemet | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Emblem
| |
| Capital and largest city | Girota |
| Official languages | Gaullican, Weranian, Talanizi, |
| Demonym(s) | Yemeti |
| Government | Unitary Presidential Republic |
| Retta Iskinder | |
| Legislature | People's Congress of Yemet |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,032,371.2 km2 (398,600.7 sq mi) |
• Water (%) | 2% |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 91,991,000 |
• Density | 89.1/km2 (230.8/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | estimate |
• Total | $98,706,343,000 |
• Per capita | $1,073 |
| GDP (nominal) | estimate |
• Total | $55,853,891,000 |
• Per capita | $607 |
| Gini (2018) | 0.54 low |
| HDI (2018) |  0.494low |
| Currency | Yemeti birr (YEB) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (Central Bahian Standard Time) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +29 |
| ISO 3166 code | YE |
| Internet TLD | .ye |
Yemet, officially the Irfanic Republic of Yemet (Weranian: Irfanische Republik Yemet) is a is a unitary presidential republic in Bahia. It is bordered to the east by Masari, to the south by Garambura and Rwizikuru, to the west by xx and to the north by Bamvango, The Magadi and xx. It has a population of 91,991,000, making it the largest country in Bahia by population, a nominal GDP of $55,853,891,000 and a nominal GDP per capita of $607, making it one of the poorest countries in Kylaris.
Believed to be the origin of humanity,
Etymology
The name Yemet is derived from the phrase Yemeto Negedi Merēti, meaning Land of the Hundred Tribes, the traditional name of the Talanzi people for the region. In the colonial period Yemet was more often known as 'Haute-Gond' under Gaullican colonial rule and then 'Obergond' under Weranian colonial rule, both derived from the river Gonda that flows through the country. The government of Yemet rejects both names, but they are still used in both countries, and more rarely across Euclea, usually by older generations.
History
Prehistoric Yemet
-Probable origin of homo sapiens
-Inhabited for thousands of years, wealth of archaeological sites
Ancient Yemet (c. 3000 BC - c. 650 AD)
-Proto-sare system of rule by priests
-Confederal system organised based on interpretation on will of spirits, augury
Irfanic Expansion (c. 650 - c. 1100)
Medieval Yemet (c. 1100 - 1450)
Early Modern Yemet (1450 - 1865)
Haute-Gond (1863 - 1934)
-Conquered by 1863, allied Sotirian and Irfanic rulers made into protectorates, coastal regions directly ruled by colonial administration
-Abolishment of caste system, establishment of large rubber plantations under Gaullican ownership, seizure of lands from Irfanic rulers, transfer of mines to Companie Royale de Haute-Gond, formation of large numbers of Tirailleurs Bahiens units from the former Irfanic warrior caste, abolishment of slavery
-Major revolts in Sougoulie, Irfanic traditional rulers + largely Irfanic Tirailleurs Bahiens manage to win a few battles initially against native Sotirian forces + Gaullican-loyal Irfanics, crushed upon the arrival of reinforcements from elsewhere in Bahia by 1884 in Gondan Expedition. Final part of revolt to be crushed. Survivors flee into jungles, burn Gaullican rubber plantations irregularly throughout 1880s, meld back into civilian population by 1890s, restricting of recruitment of Tirailleurs Bahiens to Sotirian natives
-Sporadic revolts by individual Irfanic tribal groups from 1890 to 1926, none particularly successful, most crushed within a year with minor Gaullican losses, but large numbers of civilian casualties and rebel casualties
-Re-establishment of Tirailleurs Bahiens during Great War, eager mass volunteering of former Irfanic warrior caste, used in invasions of Estmerish and Weranian colonies
-Colony handed over to Werania in post-war treaties, modern Kulo State split off from Baséland in exchange for The Magadi being split off from Haute-Gond to give to Estmere.
Obergond (1934 - 1953)
Following the end of the Great War, the colony of Haute-Gond was transferred over to Werania as part of the new Weranian colony of Obergond, incorporating the Kulo Region from the former Gaullican colony of Baséland while the Ade Protectorate was ceded to the Estmerish colony of xx and the Ibabochian Panhandle was transfered to the Weranian colony of Masari. The Gaullican administration and population were quickly repatriated to Gaullica and a new colonial administration was set up, which immediately faced a problem in the large numbers of Irfanic Tirailleurs Bahiens who refused to disarm. Not wanting to become embroiled in a colonial war against the Gaullican-armed and trained Tirailleurs Bahiens, the vast majority of the Tirailleurs Bahiens were enlisted into the Schutztruppe Obergond after an agreement was reached with the various native rulers that ruled much of the inland area of the colony as protectorates.
The majority Gaullican-owned mines and Yemet's limited industrial capacity and rail network were divided up between various Weranian companies, while formerly Gaullican-owned lands were to be sold at cheap prices to Weranian settlers. The small Irfanic urban populace was forcibly resettled to the countryside to make cheap housing available for Weranian colonists, and internal migration was heavily reduced, while the native units of the Schutztruppe Obergond were gradually disbanded as the Weranian colonial government saw less need for them. Over the 1930s a racial caste system was formally established, as a democratic government was set up but voting was heavily restricted by poll taxes, property requirements, literacy tests and extremely poor access to polling stations outside of cities to restrict voting solely to Weranian settlers, while the Irfanic populace was to be represented by their traditional rulers who were formed into a largely-ignored advisory body.
By the mid 1940s, having sold all the previously Gaullican owned land, the colonial government had started to seize the traditional lands from the native population of the colony, selling the ownership of the land to Weranian farmers to further encourage migration. Some native groups were forcibly relocated to reserves to open up new areas for settler farms, while others were forcibly moved into villages. Many natives, previously engaged in subsistence agriculture, were forced to become wage labourers for Weranian colonists that now owned the land they used to own communally. By 1948 it was estimated by the Obergondan Agricultural Committee that almost 150,000km2 of arable land in Obergond was owned by 47,000 Weranians, while 18,000km2 was owned by an estimated 2 million natives, with another 7 million owning either owning no land at all or using communally owned land not counted in the land survey.
The combination of political disenfranchisement, racial discrimination, forced relocation and land seizures, along with extremely poor pay for agricultural labourers led to major growth in underground trade unions, initially formed among agricultural labourers in the late 1930s and focused on individual farms, but quickly grouping together into larger organisations during the mid 1940s including mine labourers and other native workers. Strikes and protests were normally brutally put down by the Schutztruppe.
By the late 1940s, the various worker organisations had begun to turn militant, arming themselves with a variety of stolen rifles, machetes, spears and shields, and bows and arrows. Lightly equipped compared to the professionally equipped and trained Schutztruppe, the various anti-colonial groups, including the Gondan National Liberation Army, the Sotirian Democratic Front, the Liberation Army of the Gonda and others conducted a guerilla war against the Weranian colonial administration in the Yemeti Bush War, frequently attacking Weranian settlers on their farms. By 1953, the Schutztruppe was overextended and international and domestic pressure on Werania to decolonise forced the Weranian chancellor, Viktor Beer-Hofmann, to grant Obergond independence as the First Federation of Yemet on 12th August 1953.
First Federation of Yemet (1953 - 1964)
Yemet under President Oscar Weber (1953 - 1956)
-Independence (1953)
-White minority rule initially, little changed from colonial government of Obergond, backed by Weranian government and corporations
-General Strike of 1953 in protest, waited out by the new government
-Failure of peaceful methods spurred turn towards more violent methods, burning of rubber and cotton plantations, attacks on mines, hostage taking
-Faced growing Irfanic and Sotirian guerilla movements, unable to suppress conventionally
-Assassinated in 1956 by unknown party, blamed on Irfanic militants
Yemet under President Viktor Blumberg (1956 - 1960)
-Declares martial law
-Military intensification
-Rise in atrocities, napalming villages, forced population resettling, formation of white paramilitaries, hiring of Euclean mercenaries, large purchases of modern Weranian military equipment, deployment of Weranian advisors
-Unification of Irfanic guerilla movements into People's National Liberation Army of Yemet (የዬሜት ህዝባዊ ሃገራዊ ሓርነት ሰራዊ, ye'Yemet Hizibawī Hagerawī Harineti Serawīti) in 1958
-Fails to handle insurgency, gradual loss of control of countryside, gradual decrease in control of cities following rise in native Sotirian terrorism, defections from native units
-Agrees peace deal with Sotirian militias groups, new constitution to preserve settler and Weranian economic interests (1960)
Second Federation of Yemet (1960 - 1964)
Yemet under President Abner Oronge (1960 - 1964)
-First native Sotirian leader
-New constitution drafted by native Sotirians and Weranic settlers
-Used Sotirian militias and regular army to fight Irfanic guerrillas, supported by Werania
-War heightens
-Ethnic massacres
-Nearly all Weranian settlers flee country, mass sale of Weranian-owned assets to native Sotirians
-CN intervention brokers peace in 1964, former govt and PNLAY leaders jointly draft new constitution, transition to Third Federation
Third Federation of Yemet (1964 - 1969)
Yemet under President Anwar Motuma (1964 - 1968)
-Irfanic, elected with clear popular majority, former leader of PNLAY, first leader of Yemeti National Unity Pary
-Compromiser for the sake of peace
-Agreed to moderate nationalisation and collectivisation plans, joint disarmament of religious militias
-Hardline groups on both sides refuse, majority folded into Army of Yemet
-Attempts to crack down on both sides hardline groups, largely unsuccessful
-Economic policies subject to corruption and incompetence, nationalised property unfairly distributed primarily to the same ethnic groups as ministers
-Collectivisation welcomed in Irfanic areas as former Weranian estates are broken up, deeply unpopular in Sotirian areas
-Defeated in democratic election in 1968 by Sotirian-moderate Irfanic coalition and lack of poll access in rural, Irfanic areas compared to 1964 election
Yemet under President Assi Tamrat (1968 - 1969)
-Sotirian, elected on nationalistic platform calling for annexation of the Ibabochian Panhandle
-Discontinued socialist economic policies, denationalisation and return of some farms to former owners, compensation provided otherwise
-Amnesty offered to remaining hardline militias, accepted in large numbers
-Started Ibabochian War while at height of popularity, thought it would be an easy success
-Yemeti defeat, peace with Masari
-Military coup by Irfanic elements of the army, Third Federation dissolved, declaration of National Salvation Government
National Salvation Government of Yemet (1969 - 1997)
Yemet under Gen. Ezera Biruh (1969 - 1991)
-Commander of People's National Liberation Army of Yemet during Ibabochian War
Yemet under Gen. Hagos Hassan (1991 - 1994)
Yemet under Col. Selam Medr (1994 - 1997)
Republic of Yemet (1997 - Present)
Yemet under President Chirkos Assefa (1997 - 2009)
-National unity candidate, preached method of unity and rebuilding
-With CN observers, drew up new constitution
-Ran as independent
-Included members from all political parties in cabinet
-Competent, quiet, aloof technocrat
-Dedicated first term to rebuilding Yemeti infrastructure, large government cuts, disbanding of superfluous ministries, introduction of free education, rebuilding of schools
-Military funding remained high to combat militia groups that refused to comply with ceasefire
-Revival of state corporations
-Re-elected to second term in 2003 in free and fair election, opposition
-Cut rampant military expenditure, massive downsizing of armed forces
-Massive upsurge in militia violence and membership
-Army unable to control violence
-Forced to call in CN mission for assistance
-Viewed as weak, ineffectual, out of touch
-Stepped down in 2009
Yemet under President Retta Iskinder (2009 - Present)
-Ran on nationalistic, Irfanic platform
-