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The '''Tengarian Civil War''' ({{wp|Bulgarian language|Tengarian}}: ''Гражданска Война Тенгария'') was a {{wp|civil war}} in [[Tengaria|Republic of Tengaria]] from November 1955 to November 1957. {{wp|Right-wing}} forces loyal to the {{wp|Monarchist}} Tengarian government in coalition with {{wp|Nationalists}} and other conservatives, fought against a revolt of the left-wing [[People's Republic of Tengaria]], an broad-reaching alliance of {{wp|Republicanism|republicans}}, {{wp|socialist|socialists}}, {{wp|Council Communism|Communists}}, [[Equalism|Equalists]], and {{wp|Liberalism|liberals}}. After a disputed election and the assasination of the newly elected President, the People's Republic was proclaimed to be the true legitimate government of the Republic of Tengaria, ultimately resulting in an armed conflict between all sides. Lasting just under two years, the Civil War saw the defeat and downfall of the Tengarian political left, and the rise of [[Simeon Kovachev]] as Tengaria's primary statesman and the growth of the [[National Rally]].
The '''Tengarian Civil War''' ({{wp|Bulgarian language|Tengarian}}: ''Гражданска Война Тенгария'') was a {{wp|civil war}} in [[Tengaria|Republic of Tengaria]] from November 1955 to November 1957. The {{wp|Right-wing}} Tengarian government, comprised of a coaltion of {{wp|Monarchism|monarchists}}, {{wp|Nationalism|nationalists}} and {{wp|Christian right|religious conservatives}}, fought against a revolt of the left-wing [[People's Republic of Tengaria]], an broad-reaching alliance of {{wp|Republicanism|republicans}}, {{wp|socialism|socialists}}, {{wp|Council Communism|Communists}}, [[Equalism|Equalists]], and {{wp|Liberalism|liberals}}. After years of civil unrest and a disputed election, civil conflict broke out when left-leaning officers attempted a coup to overthrow the government, leading to the establishment of the People's Republic. Lasting just under two years, the Civil War saw the defeat and downfall of the Tengarian political left, and the rise of [[Simeon Kovachev]] as Tengaria's primary statesman and the growth of the [[National Rally]].  


Tengaria was an Empire before the events of the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]], after which [[Soravia]] imposed a republic on it. The early Republic was marked with financial disasters, partisan political conflict, and government incompetence; a [[President of Tengaria|President]] never managed to secure more than 41% of the popular vote, and Voter turnout was very low. Only for the first election cicle did a party over control over the whole government; for each term after, the government was divided, with each party having to rely upon three or four other parties in coalition. Initially, the communist [[Tengarian Section of the Worker's International|TSMR]] was hoped to bring about some change, however, when [[Vladimir Vasilov]] and his administration failed to get legislative support and the left failed to work together, support for the republic rapidly began to decline. As such, the 1955 elections saw the formerly fringe [[Restoration Party of Tengaria|Restoration Party]], a pro-monarchist party, swept the elections on a platform of restoring the Empire and solving the problems the republic had faced, winning the largest majority in two decades, having the support of the religious [[Episemialist Democrat Party|Episemialist Democrats]].  
Tengaria was an Empire before the events of the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]], after which [[Soravia]] imposed a republic on it. The early Republic was marked with financial disasters, partisan political conflict, and government incompetence; a [[President of Tengaria|President]] never managed to secure more than 41% of the popular vote, and Voter turnout was very low. Only for the first election cicle did a party over control over the whole government; for each term after, the government was divided, with each party having to rely upon three or four other parties in coalition. Initially, the communist [[Tengarian Section of the Worker's International|TSMR]] was hoped to bring about some change, however, when [[Vladimir Vasilov]] and his administration failed to get legislative support and the left failed to work together, support for the republic rapidly began to decline. As such, the 1955 elections saw the formerly fringe [[Restoration Party of Tengaria|Restoration Party]], a pro-monarchist party, swept the elections on a platform of restoring the Empire and solving the problems the republic had faced, winning the largest majority in two decades, having the support of the religious [[Episemialist Democrat Party|Episemialist Democrats]].  


Infuriated with the results of the election, the left-leaning members of the government quickly tried to prevent the new government from coming to power. The intervening months saw political violence and agitation against the new elected government, promoted by President Vasilov; however, [[Simeon Kovachev]], the head of the Tengarian armed forces, who used the military to oversee the transition of power. In the end the incumbent politicians were forcibly removed by military forces from office for refusing to yield. The new president, [[Dimitri Denov]], tried to restore order peacefully, . The rebellious members of Grand Assembly fled [[Lenovo]] out of fear of retribution, and three days later proclaimed themselves the legitimate government of Tengaria, with [[Rumen Santov]] as their President. Acting President and successor to Denov [[Simeon Radez]] ordered the rebels to stand down, but after refusal by both, the Civil War began in earnest.
Infuriated with the results of the election, the left-leaning members of the government quickly tried to prevent the new government from coming to power, claiming that the Restoration Party would destroy the republic. Many of the political left began to call themselves the "Republicans" as a show of support against the "Imperialist" government. The intervening months saw political violence and agitation against the new elected government, promoted by President Vasilov; however, [[Simeon Kovachev]], the head of the Tengarian armed forces, who used the military to oversee the transition of power. In the end the incumbent politicians were forcibly removed by military forces from office for refusing to yield. The new president, [[Dimitri Denov]], tried to restore order peacefully, but only a few days into his Presidency, a coup attempt was made by officers sympathetic to the republican movement. During this attempt, Denov was assasinated; however, the coup attempt was stifled early on. Many political opponents to the new government fled Lenovo to the Southeastern portion of the country, which had during the coup attempt come into control of much of pro-republican military forces. The rebellious members of Grand Assembly fled [[Lenovo]] out of fear of retribution, and three days later proclaimed themselves the legitimate government of Tengaria, with [[Rumen Santov]] as their President. Acting President and successor to Denov [[Simeon Radez]] ordered the rebels to stand down, but after refusal by both, the Civil War began in earnest.


Although a sizeable portion of the [[National Army of Tengaria|National Army]] deserted because many soldiers had ties to the establishment parties, the majority remained on the Loyalist side under the command of Simeon Kovachev, commander of the army and a Great War hero, and as such, the Loyalists outnumbered and outgunned the rebels at throughout the war. However, although the government was more popular and had more resources, most the Republicans were able to effectively mobilize their supporters into militias. Both sides had supporters of the other side in their respective territory. Government controlled territories had Republican resistance cells causing havoc and disrupting supplies that had to be dealt with at the beginning of the wars, allowing the Republicans to establish control over their territory. The Republicans in turn resorted to killing political opponents to keep control of their occupied territory. Faced against a stronger opposition, the rebels made frequent use of {{wp|guerilla warfare}} to distract and harry the Loyalist forces.
==Background==


However, after the rebels assassinated Loyalist President Radez, Simeon Kovachev took power as provisional head of government and began the National Rally movement to bring about National Unity. With Kovachev in power, the tide began to turn rapidly. To make matters worse, the temporary unity the rebels had soon broke down into factional squabbles, which allowed for their forces to finally be crushed and defeated. Just under two years after it had began, the Civil War ended with a decisive loyalist victory. After the war, Simeon Kovachev rewrote the Tengarian constitution, giving more power to the presidency, and used the National Rally as a means to move beyond partisan conflict and heal the wounds of the war.
==Election of 1955==
 
==Coup Attempt==
 
==Course of the War==
 
==Conclusion==
 
==Foreign Involvement==
 
===Support for Loyalists===
 
===Support for Republicans===

Revision as of 05:47, 12 April 2021

Tengarian Civil War
Mitrovica bg.jpg
Loyalist Armored Convoy in the Streets of Lenovo
Date28 November 1955 - 1 November 1957
(1 year, 11 months, 4 days)
Location
Tengaria
Result

Decisive Loyalist Victory

Belligerents
Republic of Tengaria (Loyalists)
Supported by:
West Miersa		 People's Republic of Tengaria
Supported by:
Equalist Amathia
Commanders and leaders
Simeon Radez †
Simeon Kovachev		 Rumen Santov
Todor Stoychev †
Strength
Tengarian National Army:
320,500
Other Loyalist forces:
75,000		 Tengarian Republican Army:
200,000
Other Republican forces:
95,000 (estimated)
Casualties and losses
64,000 killed or injured (estimated) 74,000 killed or injured (estimated)
33,300 civilians killed

The Tengarian Civil War (Tengarian: Гражданска Война Тенгария) was a civil war in Republic of Tengaria from November 1955 to November 1957. The Right-wing Tengarian government, comprised of a coaltion of monarchists, nationalists and religious conservatives, fought against a revolt of the left-wing People's Republic of Tengaria, an broad-reaching alliance of republicans, socialists, Communists, Equalists, and liberals. After years of civil unrest and a disputed election, civil conflict broke out when left-leaning officers attempted a coup to overthrow the government, leading to the establishment of the People's Republic. Lasting just under two years, the Civil War saw the defeat and downfall of the Tengarian political left, and the rise of Simeon Kovachev as Tengaria's primary statesman and the growth of the National Rally.

Tengaria was an Empire before the events of the Great War, after which Soravia imposed a republic on it. The early Republic was marked with financial disasters, partisan political conflict, and government incompetence; a President never managed to secure more than 41% of the popular vote, and Voter turnout was very low. Only for the first election cicle did a party over control over the whole government; for each term after, the government was divided, with each party having to rely upon three or four other parties in coalition. Initially, the communist TSMR was hoped to bring about some change, however, when Vladimir Vasilov and his administration failed to get legislative support and the left failed to work together, support for the republic rapidly began to decline. As such, the 1955 elections saw the formerly fringe Restoration Party, a pro-monarchist party, swept the elections on a platform of restoring the Empire and solving the problems the republic had faced, winning the largest majority in two decades, having the support of the religious Episemialist Democrats.

Infuriated with the results of the election, the left-leaning members of the government quickly tried to prevent the new government from coming to power, claiming that the Restoration Party would destroy the republic. Many of the political left began to call themselves the "Republicans" as a show of support against the "Imperialist" government. The intervening months saw political violence and agitation against the new elected government, promoted by President Vasilov; however, Simeon Kovachev, the head of the Tengarian armed forces, who used the military to oversee the transition of power. In the end the incumbent politicians were forcibly removed by military forces from office for refusing to yield. The new president, Dimitri Denov, tried to restore order peacefully, but only a few days into his Presidency, a coup attempt was made by officers sympathetic to the republican movement. During this attempt, Denov was assasinated; however, the coup attempt was stifled early on. Many political opponents to the new government fled Lenovo to the Southeastern portion of the country, which had during the coup attempt come into control of much of pro-republican military forces. The rebellious members of Grand Assembly fled Lenovo out of fear of retribution, and three days later proclaimed themselves the legitimate government of Tengaria, with Rumen Santov as their President. Acting President and successor to Denov Simeon Radez ordered the rebels to stand down, but after refusal by both, the Civil War began in earnest.

Background

Election of 1955

Coup Attempt

Course of the War

Conclusion

Foreign Involvement

Support for Loyalists

Support for Republicans

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