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Consul of Latium: Difference between revisions

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| image1  = Spruius Julius.jpg
| image1  = Spurius Julius.jpg
| caption1 = Consul prior<br />[[Spurius Julius]]
| caption1 = Consul prior<br />[[Spurius Julius]]
| alt1    = Claudius
| alt1    = Claudius

Revision as of 20:02, 11 June 2023

Incumbent co-consuls
Claudius
Consul prior
Spurius Julius
Verrucosa
Consul posterior
Valentia Verrucosa
Consuls of the Latin Empire for the year 2022

The Consul is one of the most prestigious offices and honorifics in Latium, and was formerly the highest elected political office in ancient Latium. Despite lacking administrative duties or executive authority, the role of Consul remains of significant importance, as it is the only position that may be shared by the Emperor.

The role of the consul in government has frequently changed since its inception in the 6th century BCE. At its inception, the consuls served as the supreme civil and military authority of the state. However as the emperors supplanted the consuls as the supreme ruler of Latium, the consulship transitioned into a senior administrative role, and one that was frequently assumed by the emperor themselves. The emperor has been the sole appointer of the consulship since the 1st century CE, but until the 6th century CE was nominally elected.

Selection and duties

From the 6th century BCE origin of the consulship until the 6th or 7th century CE, the consuls were elected, even if only nominally, from among the Senate. From the 7th century onward, the consulship has been appointed by the emperor.

Two consuls are chosen every calendar year, with a term lasting from 1 January to 31 December. A consul appointed to start the year is the ordinary consul (consul ordinarius). Suffect consuls (consul suffectus) are appointed to serve the remainder of an ordinary consul's term if a consul resigns or is removed before their term is complete. Ordinary consuls chosen at the start of the year hold more prestige than a suffect consul.

The consul whose name is listed first is the consul prior. Most often, the consul prior is the emperor, a member of the Imperial Family, or other close relative of the emperor. The consul whose name is listed second is the consul posterior. Traditionally, the consul posterior is a prominent senator or other important figure at court or in government, or at times another member of the imperial family.

During a new emperor's first year on the throne, he serves as consul for the year without a colleague. When the role of junior emperor exists, the senior and junior emperor traditionally assume the role of consul for the first full year following the junior emperor's Acclamatio. Thereafter, the senior emperor and junior emperor each selected on consul for the year. When this arrangement exists, each also appoints a suffect consul for the final six months of the year. Following a senatorial election, the incoming Praeses Senatus is appointed consul posterior and serves as consul alongside the emperor for the first year of the new senate.

List of 21st century consuls

Year Consul prior Consul posterior
2001 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Felix Alexander Hadrianus Cae. Aug. VIII Gn. Seius Tubero Iustinus
2002 Imp. Aug. Stephania Pinaria Atrea Maria Evantia I Dux A. Pinarius Natta Michael Constantinus
2003 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Felix Alexander Hadrianus Cae. Aug. IX G. Julius Libo Constantinus Spurius
2004 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Felix Alexander Hadrianus Cae. Aug. X Ant. Tullius Longus Rufus Aurelius
suff. M. Stellantinus Acidinus Ioannes
2005 Pr. Fl. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Theodosius Gregorius Constantinus Dux Beroeae III L. Claudius Sabinus Michael Theodosius
suff. Pr. Maria Claudia Anicia Christina Sophia Constantia I
2006 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Felix Alexander Hadrianus Cae. Aug. XI Aur. Otacilius Constantinus Georgius
2007 C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Constantinus Felix Iosephus Imp. Dest. II M. Bodius Silvanus Valens
suff. Dux Gn. Tarpeius Montanus Constantinus Apollos Dux T. Rasinius Draucus Eusebius Epicurus
2008 Pr. Vop. Claudius Anicius Ioannes Leo Andreas Silvanus Dux Auruncae III Aur. Flavius Asbadus Aquila Celsus
2009 Imp. Aug. Stephania Pinaria Atrea Maria Evantia II Dux A. Pinarius Natta Michael Constantinus II
2010 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Felix Alexander Hadrianus Cae. Aug. XII Pr. Maria Claudia Anicia Christina Sophia Constantia II
suff. Victor Gentilius Ravenna Ioannes Theophylactus Alexius Dux Ravennae Ap. Martius Philippus Tremulus Constantinus Dux
2011 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Felix Alexander Hadrianus Cae. Aug. XIII Dux Maria Tarpeia Anicia Iuliana Antontia
2012 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Felix Alexander Hadrianus Cae. Aug. XIV no colleague
2013 C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Constantinus Felix Iosephus Imp. Dest. III L. Tullius Longus Samuel Cyricus
suff. Opet. Corvus Decimus Constantinus Postumus
2014 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Felix Alexander Hadrianus Cae. Aug. XV Imp. Aug. Stephania Pinaria Atrea Maria Evantia III
suff. Leo Dux Celda M. Verrucosus Iosephus Damianus Silvanus
2015 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Felix Alexander Hadrianus Cae. Aug. XVI Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Constantinus Felix Iosephus Cae. IV
suff. St. Stilcho Marcius Theodorus Alexander
2016 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Iacobus Felix Alexander Hadrianus Cae. Aug. XVII Alexander Pompilius Cicero Felix I
suff. Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Constantinus Felix Iosephus Cae. Aug. V no colleague
2017 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Constantinus Felix Iosephus Cae. Aug. VI no colleague
2018 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Constantinus Felix Iosephus Cae. Aug. VII Imp. Aug. Alazne Euphrosyne Dain I
2019 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Constantinus Felix Iosephus Cae. Aug. VIII Pr. Leo Iohannes Robertus Aurelius Gentilius Hyperborea
2020 Pr. Fl. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Theodosius Gregorius Constantinus Dux Beroeae IV D. Rasinius Olybrius Theodosius
2021 Imp. C. Claudius Anicius Sabinus Constantinus Felix Iosephus Cae. Aug. IX Alexander Pompilius Cicero Felix II
2022 C. Claudius Nero Ioannes Florianus Hadrianus Dux Fl. Aemilius Paullus Theodosius Stephanus
2023 Sp. Julius Libo Constantinus Lucerius F. Verrucosa Valentia Zoe Damiane

Key

Terms
  • Imperator, abbreviated as Imp., in reference to the emperor
  • Caesar, abbreviated as Cae., in reference to the title Caesar
  • Augustus, abbreviated as Aug., in reference to the title Augustus
  • Princeps, abbreviated as Pr., in reference to a prince or princess
  • Imperator Destinatus, abbreviated as Imp. Dest., in reference to the heir apparent or Prince of Youth
  • Suffectus, abbreviated as Suff., in reference to a substitute or appointee in place of a consul who died, resigned, or was removed from office before the completion of term.
Praenomen abbreviations
  • A. = Aulus
  • Ap. = Appius
  • Aur. = Aurelius
  • Ant. = Antonius
  • C. = Gaius
  • Cn. = Gnaeus
  • D. = Decimus
  • F. = Faustus
  • K. = Caeso
  • L. = Lucius
  • M. = Marcus
  • Mam. = Mamercus
  • N. = Numerius
  • Opet. = Opiter
  • P. = Publius
  • Post. = Postumus
  • Proc. = Proculus
  • Ser. = Servius
  • Sex. = Sextus
  • Sp. = Spurius
  • T. = Titus
  • Ti. = Tiberius
  • Vop. = Vopiscus
  • Q. = Quintus
Colors

See also