Enyama

Federal States of Enyama 에냐마 렌포슈
Flag Seal of the Republic
Motto: "손자이 와 나마 노 치카라데수." "Existence is raw power."
Capital	Karasuna
Largest city	Akutera
Official languages	Enyaman, Tsurushiman
Recognised regional languages	Skaldanic
Ethnic groups (2018)	Enyaman (mixed) (79.22%) Skald (12.93%) Latin (7.14%) Haratago (0.71%)
Demonym(s)	Enyaman
Government	Federal Presidential Republic
• President	Muratagi Eijiro
• Grand Speaker	Ouchi Kyoko
• First Senator	Shirole Juriasu
Legislature	Asenbura
Independence
• Founding of the Olkota Confederacy	396 CE
• First Skaldanian Settlers	1021 CE
• First Tsurushiman Settlers	1271 CE
• Enyaman Revolution and Independence from Tsurushima	1893 CE
• Karasuna Incident and New Constitution	1989 CE
Area
• Total	818,848 km2 (316,159 sq mi)
• Water (%)	5%
Population
• Estimate	68,783,232
• Census	2018
• Density	84/km2 (217.6/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)	2018 estimate
• Total	$391.53 billion
• Per capita	$9,180
GDP (nominal)	2018 estimate
• Total	$126.39 billion
• Per capita	$2,960
Gini (2018)	37.7 medium
HDI (2018)	0.694 medium
Currency	Okane (EOK)
Time zone	West Northumbrian Time (WNT)
Date format	YYYY/MM/DD
Driving side	left
Calling code	+20
Internet TLD	.ey

Enyama (Enyaman: 에냐마, tr. E-nya-ma), officially the Federal States of Enyama, is a developing nation of approximately 68 million inhabitants situated in northwestern Norumbria. It is bordered to its south by its geopolitical rival, the Skaldafen Confederation; it also shares a maritime border with Nunaaqqinit. The territory of Enyama consists of a mainland situated in the Lagawa Depression, surrounded to the north by the Great Expanse and to the south by mountains which it shares with Skaldafen. The official language of the country, Enyaman, is a dialect of Tsurushiman and the latter's most spoken derivative.

Pre-colonial native cultures have existed in the Lagawa Depression since roughly 400 BCE; the first definable civilization in Enyama was the Olkota civilization, a loose confederation of tribes which developed an agricultural tradition and culture based around the cultivation of sorghum. From the onset of the 11th century onwards, Enyama was subject to colonization from both Belisarian and Ochranian elements: Skaldanian settlers and warriors arrived along the eastern coastline in 1021 CE, followed in 1260 by Latin settlers, after the Belfrasian Crusade. A loose organization of Skaldanians and Latins on the coast established the Serene Republic of Avanteria, a merchant republic and city-state which would see increased commerce and activity arrive in the resource-rich region. Tsurushiman settlers arrived on the west coast in 1271, and promptly established the trading outposts of Fujikawa and Soubiro. Despite the inefficient methods of transportation available to the Tsurushiman settlers, the revelation of a continent in the east spurred economic curiosity, leading to a wave of immigration. This first influx is now known as the First Wave of Fujikawa.

By 1300, Enyama was a full-fledged colony of Tsurushima, and a prominent source of both raw materials and cash crops, which were grown largely through indentured servitude. In the Great Frontier War of 1650, the Olkota stronghold of Wahkanea was conquered, and surviving Olota were forced west in the wake of mass extermination ordered by the Enyaman governor. Further immigration from various sources had created an admixture of people largely of mixed Tsurushiman and Olota descent, creating the modern Enyaman people. The Belisarian minorities in the east were harder to assimilate, persisting to modern times.

In 1893, as strife began to hit Tsurushima, Enyama experienced revolution which culminated in a violent overthrow of the colonial government and waning in Tsurushiman influence of the government; Enyama had formally gained its independence soon afterward in late 1893. Operating out of the fast-growing river city and the new capital of Karasuna, the new Federal States of Enyama reconstituted its position on both the land's original native inhabitants and its Belisarian minority, offering amnesty to those displaced by colonists or otherwise disenfranchised. With its borders fully explored and exploited by 1880, Enyama emerged into the new century as a regional power, keeping itself largely pacifist in the face of regional conflicts. The Federal States was characterized by its largely libertarian and lax attitude towards migration, leading to the arrival of many foreigners seeking opportunity, particularly from Tsurushima. Enyama joined the Forum of Nations soon after its creation in 1966.

After a hard economic depression in 1970, Enyama began to lose its reputation as a "land of opportunity" and instead garnered a reputation as a highly polluted and fairly overpopulated land. An attempted Syndicalist revolution in 1989, its roots having originated in Enyama's ever-increasing economic strife, failed drastically but led to a general increase in paranoia and security. In 2005, current President Muratagi Eijiro and his New Frontier party came into office, immediately increasing military spending and geopolitical posturing particularly against southern neighbor Skaldafen. Muratagi's rise to power was seen as a shock by many both nationally and internationally, and has led to several accusations of illiberality against Enyama; in 2011, world democracy experts reclassified Enyama as an illiberal democracy. The nation has since garnered criticism for its allegedly harsh treatment of its Skaldanian minority. Despite the fact that its economy has not fully evolved into the 21st century and still relies on a manufacturing base, Enyama nevertheless can be considered a highly militarized state. Since 1990, Enyama has also had immense problems with organized crime, particularly the mafia and triads of large urban centers; recent measures have drastically curbed this crime wave.

Etymology

The Enyaman and Tsurushiman word for Enyama is "円山", meaning "round mountain". The character en (円) means "round" or otherwise refers to currency; yama (山) means "mountain" or "pile". The compound, therefore, means "round mountain" and is likely derived from the clearly visible peak of the Daimaru, an isolated mountain near the western port city of Fujikawa, where Tsurushiman settlers first arrived in Enyama in 1271. In the New Ochranian script, Enyama is rendered phonetically as "에냐마".

History

Evidence of Norumbrian hunter-gatherers in the Lagawa Depression stretches back before 100,000 BCE. These nomadic tribes, especially on the western end of the region, had garnered extensive knowledge of various animals, domesticating animals such as Wapiti and Yak and begun to consolidate into larger social groups. Archeological evidence indicates that these tribes had begun to settle into a lifestyle of semi-nomadic pastoralism around 4000 BCE. Several pre-colonial migrations appear to have occurred in the following millennia, with some considerable mingling occurring across the White Mountains with Sakrossi city-states; Haratago tribes also entered into the area and often exchanged resources and tools with local tribes. Among these resources was cold-resistant Enyaman sorghum, which many tribes took to farming, sparking an agricultural revolution and leading to consolidation of the Olkota Confederacy in 396 CE.

Pre-Colonial Era

The Olkota nation, itself a widely diverse nation of widely differing tribes and groups including Sakrossi migrating north after the collapse of their civilization and Haratago from the north, soon became the pre-eminent force in the Lagawa river valley, mastering the river's unpredictable flood cycle and reaching a population of over one million by 600 CE. Despite its rising geopolitical power, Olkota culture retained its egalitarian roots with the formation of the Confederacy. The governing body of the Confederacy was the tribal Council of Many, which received delegates from the nation's various subtribes, typically the second-born or second-most-important man in the tribe. The Council of Many is estimated to have numbered as much as five thousand at the peak of Olkota culture. Though many chose to remain nomadic or semi-nomadic, owing to the harsh winters and abundance of wild animals, many in the Olkota culture began to settle down in large settlements. The de facto capital of the Confederacy was Wahkanea in the south-east of modern Enyama; the city's stone ruins persist to this day and are considered to be prime examples of Olkota architecture.

Around the 890s CE, the Olkota had a large internal conflict which destabilized the nations' rising influence, often referred to as the Olkota Civil War. The war appeared to have started when one particularly powerful warlord which had gained the trust of several tribes, Kohana, attempted to establish a monarchy. Though Kohana was defeated, many of the tribes which had supported him left the Confederacy, disillusioned, and the state began to lose its influence over the majority of the Lagawa river, becoming a small nation centered around Wahkanea by 1000 CE.

Government

Governance

According to the Constitution of Enyama, the country is a federation and presidential republic, wherein the President serves both as the head of state and the head of government, while the Grand Speaker of the Asenbura handles the day-to-day operations of the government and legislature. The Federal States are structured as a multi-party representative democracy, with the federal government composed of three branches:

• Legislative: The bicameral Asenbura, made up of the 500-member Gikai and the 210-member Kaigi, adopts federal law, declares war, approves treaties, has the power of the purse and the power of impeachment of the President.
• Executive: The President is the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces, can veto legislative bills before they become law, and appoints the Enyaman Administration (Cabinet) and other officers, who administer and enforce federal laws and policies.
• Judiciary: The Constitutional Court, Supreme Court and lower federal courts, whose judges are appointed by the Gikai on the recommendation of the President, interpret laws and can overturn laws they deem unconstitutional.

The president is elected by popular vote for a five-year term, with the consecutive term limit capped at four. Ministries of the government are composed of the Grand Speaker and his deputies, ministers, and selected other individuals; all are elected locally, after which the ruling party selects its own leader in parliamentary fashion. Leading political parties in Enyama include the ruling New Frontier Party, the classical liberal Horizon party, the liberal Democratic party, and the Socialist party. In 2018, Enyama was ranked low worldwide in terms of both the power of democracy and the strength of the rule of law; it has been considered an illiberal democracy since 2010.

Foreign relations

Though traditionally a neutral nation, relations with Belisaria and other aligned nations such as Belfras have always been a central part of Enyaman foreign policy, with increased attention given to cooperation with the Belisarian Community after 2005; Enyama has had particularly warm relations with the nations of Arthurista and Latium. Though Enyama's relationship with its former empire, Tsurushima, began strained after the Enyaman Revolution, relations warmed significantly by the beginning of the 20th century, and the relationship between the two nations stands at amicable while not being extremely close. Enyama joined the Forum of Nations in an official capacity in 1966, and remains an active member of the organization to this day. It is also a founding member of the Joint Space Agency.

The other defining aspect of Enyama's foreign policy is the country's recent hostility towards its neighbor to the south, the Skaldafen Confederation. After the 2005 Enyaman presidential election, and the ascension of Muratagi Eijiro to the Presidency, relations between the two nations cooled significantly as Enyama took on an anti-socialist stance uncharacteristic of its formerly neutral foreign policy, and began both fortifying and closing its border with Skaldafen; relations became increasingly strained after accusations of racism against the Enyaman government came from the nation's large Skaldanian minority, primarily situated around the city of Akutera. Relations between the two nations have been cold and often contentious, with increasingly frequent airspace violations regularly testing Enyaman response time while both trade and diplomatic missions have existed largely at a standstill.

Geopolitical experts have postulated that the objectives of the Enyaman states have shifted from a priority given towards defense of the nation's immediate economic and military interests to a more broad focus on the expansion of the nation's power, particularly soft power. It has also adopted a strongly anti-socialist stance since 2005. According to the Enyaman government, this shift has been a primary contributor of its recently cold relations with nations like Skaldafen or Liothidia.

Military

Main Article: Enyaman Armed Forces

File:EnyamaArmyOne.jpg

Enyaman Ground Forces recruits training in 2017 with foreign assistance.

Enyama is nominally protected by the Enyaman Armed Forces (Enyaman: 円山ン武装勢力), which are separated into the Ground Forces, Air Force, Navy, as well as Internal Troops, which serve as an armed and militarized police and border patrol in local areas, and as a national guard. Governmental policy regarding defense is to guarantee the preservation of the independence and sovereignty of the state, the integrity of its land, territorial waters, airspace and its constitutional order. Current strategic goals are to defend the country's domestic interests and interests in Northwestern Norumbria, develop the armed forces both technologically and numerically, and expand the capacity of deterrents in the form of high-yield nuclear weapons.

The Enyaman Armed Forces have imported the large majority of their gear from the Belisarian Community or Belfras, though there have been efforts since 2013 to standardize and localize production of new arms and vehicles for the military; it is expected that the Enyaman military plans to introduce either wholly local or local modifications of existing implements for special tasks. Many of Enyama's aircraft, vehicles and weapons have been adapted for local use through winterization, re-calibration, or rearmament.

The current National Defense Service (Enyaman: 国防サービス) is compulsory for men between 18 and 28, and conscripts serve eight-month to eleven-month tours of duty depending on the army branch they serve in; conscription in the military was only instated in 2009, with no precedent in the Enyaman military for forced service before the 1893 revolution. In 2008, annual military spending reached 2.15% of GDP, or 5 billion okane^[sic], and was expected to continue to increase until 2020, when a 3.0% level is anticipated.

Total operating strength of the BMF has risen sharply from 80,502 in 2005 to 350,192 in 2018 and is expected to keep rising as conscription is reinstated and militarization continues.