Etrurian Third Republic
United Etrurian Federation 3 other official names
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| 1948–1960 | |||||||||
 Flag
 Coat of arms
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Motto:
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Anthem:
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| Capital | Povelia | ||||||||
| Demonym(s) | Etrurian | ||||||||
| Government | Federal constitutional presidential republic | ||||||||
| President | |||||||||
• 1948-1950 | Giuseppe Zappella | ||||||||
• 1950-1953 | Mauro Vittore Camillo | ||||||||
• 1953-1957 | Ferdinando Grillo | ||||||||
• 1957-1958 | Andrej Vidmar | ||||||||
• 1958-1960 | Massimo Bartolucci | ||||||||
| Vice President | |||||||||
• 1948-1950 | Mauro Vittore Camillo | ||||||||
• 1950-1953 | Aldo Volpacelli | ||||||||
• 1953-1957 | Leopoldo Aldrovandini | ||||||||
• 1957-1958 | Massimo Bartolucci | ||||||||
• 1958-1960 | Vittore Uccello | ||||||||
| Legislature | Senate | ||||||||
• Upper house | State Council | ||||||||
• Lower house | Chamber of Representatives | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
| 1 January 1948 | |||||||||
| 4 May 1960 | |||||||||
| Currency | Etrurian florin | ||||||||
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The Etrurian Third Republic (Vespasian: La Terza Repubblica, sometimes written as La 3° Repubblica) was the system of government adopted in Etruria from 1948, when the CN Mandate for Etruria was dissolved upon the formal adoption of the Constitution of Lake Imperia, until 4 May 1960, when the Etrurian Defence Force seized control through a coup d'état.
The Third Republic was formed out of the Constitution of Lake Imperia (Costituzione del Lago Imperia), the governing basic law produced by the two-year CN Mandate for Etruria - which had governed Etruria following its defeat in the Solarian War. The Constitution of Lake Imperia forged a markedly different system to what had been in place since the San Sepulchro Revolution of 1888 (with the exception of the single-party totalitarian state between 1938-1946), with the introduction of a presidential system over the long tradition of a parliamentary system. The two-years of CN government were marred with ideological division among the foreign technocrats and the Etrurian politicians tasked with aiding them, with much division sparked by Etrurian opposition to drastic alterations to its political culture and the CN officials' desire to "consolidate Etrurian democracy" through a highly balanced and separated federal state.
The Republic officially began on 1 January, following the first democratic election since 1926, with a comfortable win by the centrist-liberal Democratic Action, which entered into coalition with the centre-right Sotirian People’s Party, Giuseppe Zappella was elected President by direct-election the same day. Throughout its existence, the Third Republic was hampered by competing branches of government, intense regionalism, institutional corruption and incompetent economic management. The uneven reconstruction of post-war Etruria contributed directly to the Western Emergency and the conflict between the federal government and left-wing nationalist groups in Carinthia and Novalia. The national security crisis, economic stagnation and the widespread moral and social decay of poverty-stricken Etrurian society pushed the military to ultimately seizing power in a bloodless coup on 4 May 1960. The Third Republic ended with the establishment of an authoritarian military government.
The period of the Etrurian Third Republic is subject to continued academic and political debate in Etruria till this day. Many academics following the 4 May Coup, denounced it as a "failed social experiment", while economists have widely reached consensus that the policies and failures of the Third Republic, kept Etruria's economic development at least 20-years behind its neighbours. The often chaotic politics of the Third Republic is also credited for denying Etruria the ability to reconcile with its National Solarianist past, nor the crimes committed during the Solarian War, as well as giving vital space for the preservation of the far-right. In 2020, a poll by Etrurians who lived through the period, showed that over 80% consider it to be a "period of misery and failure."