List of political parties in Belmonte

This article lists the political parties of Belmonte.

History

Main articles: History of Belmonte and Riachuelo Agreement

The Riachuelo Agreement between liberal and conservative elites shaped Belmonte's political parties and groups.

After Belmontese independence was granted through the Treaty of Vicalvi in 1771, the aristocratic class, led by Sebastião Mascarenhas, established the Confederation of Belmonte, an oligarchic confederal state divided among captaincies and based around slave trade. Although there was no major resistance at the time, many former soldiers and revolutionaries, who fought for a federal liberal democratic republic akin to Halland, started to show their opposition towards the regime. These politicians, military officers and intellectuals, the majority of them centred around urban centres, would form the Liberal Party, whilst the agrarian regional elite composed by landowners and merchants that supported the confederation would be known as conservatives.

In 1788, after brutal crackdowns against the Liberal Party and its members, a series of officers mutinied against the confederation and declared the First Belmontese Republic, thus starting the Federalist Revolt. The war would end years later with a liberal victory and the establishment of the republic. The old agrarian elite, angered by the loss of their power and subsequent defeats at elections, would organize and form the Conservative Party, having as their main base of support the clergy and more traditional members of the armed forces. Further crackdowns against the conservatives would make Belmonte a liberal-led one-party state, leading to a military coup and the creation of a conservative-backed dictatorship under the leadership of Joaquim Durão.

Over time, Durão's inefficiency in combating liberal and regional revolts caused more moderate sections of the armed forces led by Augusto Cintra coup him. Cintra, who wanted long-term stability for Belmonte, invited the liberals to form the Riachuelo Agreement - a political pact which made sure that both parties would rotate in the presidency, creating an oligarchic parliamentary republic. By the late 19th century, this agreement would be broken, causing a severe political crisis that led to another military coup in 1913 followed by the 20-year dictatorship of João Berquó. Under Berquó's rule, all political parties were banned, with his base of support being composed by conservative and nationalist sectors of society. It was only after the end of the Great War that political parties were made legal again with the establishment of the New Republic. During its first 30 years, the National Conservative Union dominated Belmontese politics with the support of the armed forces, with the regime truly liberalizing by the late-70s. Today, the three biggest parties are the National Conservative Union, the Social Democratic Party and the Socialist Bloc.

Parties

Largest parties

Logo	Party		Leader		Chamber of Deputies	Senate	Ideology
		National Conservative Union		João Sócrates	37 / 206	6 / 25	Liberal conservatism Social liberalism Social democracy Sotirian democracy
		Social Democratic Party		Suzana Bittencourt	37 / 206	14 / 35	Social democracy Democratic socialism Developmentalism Dirigism
		Socialist Bloc		Graça Fonseca	63 / 206	9 / 35	Democratic socialism Green socialism Progressivism Anti-capitalism
		Sotirian Democrats		Carlos Gomes	21 / 206	1 / 35	Sotirian democracy Conservatism
		Citizens' Alliance		Jorge Paranhos	3 / 206	0 / 35	Liberalism Classical liberalism Social liberalism
		People's Centrist Union		Catarina Soares	1 / 206	0 / 35	Radical centrism Big-tent
		Social Workers' Party		Leonardo Rebouças	26 / 206	3 / 35	Council communism Syndicalism
		Green Party		Amélia Bastos	14 / 206	1 / 35	Green politics Democratic socialism
		National Movement		Andressa Schneider	5 / 206	1 / 35	Right-wing populism National conservatism Religious conservatism Familialism Militarism

Minor parties

	Party	Ideology
	Progressive Party	Progressivism, social liberalism, social democracy
	New Belmontese Section of the Workers' International	Council communism, syndicalism, democratic socialism, social democracy
	Socialist Workers' Party	Socialism, syndicalism
	Unified Socialist Party of the Left	Syndicalism
	Revolutionary People's Party	Revolutionary socialism, anti-capitalism, council communism, left-wing populism
	People's Power	Revolutionary socialism, anti-capitalism, council communism, green socialism
	Sotirian Humanist Party	Sotirian democracy, liberal conservatism, humanism, distributism
	People for Animals	Green politics, animal rights
	Federalist Party	Federalism, national conservatism
	New Conservative Party	Conservatism, civic nationalism
	National Renewal	Integralism, fascism, national conservatism

See also

Politics of Belmonte