Emerstari

Federated Kingdom of Emerstari Førebundedt Kuingerike Emerige
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "Ervigner Årafuld åg Fri" "Forever Honorable and Free"
Anthem: Ervigner Rike Royal anthem: Der Kuingssång
– in Emerstari proper (dark green) – in the Emerstarian Empire (green) – in Arda en' Estel (green & dark grey)
Provinces of Emerstari and Kuingsholmer
Capital	Køroenets and Rontseljere
Largest	Erk
Official languages	Emerstarian
Recognised regional languages	Norðurmál
Recognized auxiliary languages	Estelian sign language Estelian handprint
Ethnic groups	Emerstarians Canarians Coelansers
Religion	Lutheranism
Demonym(s)	Emerstarian
Government	Federal representative monarchy
• Monarch of Emerstari	Erik XII Georg
• President-citizen of Emerstari	Georg Lukas Johannssen
• Regent in the Lords' House	Hosse Ragnvald Malmø, Duke of Malmø
• Chairman of the Provincial Assembly	Kristoffer Jakob Holm
• Speaker of the People's House	Njel Olaf Perssen
• Chief Judge of the First Court	Johann Nathanael Theorissen
Legislature	Førebundskongress
• Upper house	Herrers Hus Sammråd
• Lower house	Folks Hus
History  Timeline
• First settlement of Emerstari	2400s BC
• Christianization of Emerstari	AD 81 – 322
• Unification of Emerstari	AD 1047
• Proclamation of the Emerstarian Empire	AD 1520
Area
•	644,050 km2 (248,670 sq mi) Emerstari proper without territorial waters
• Water (%)	3.72
Population
• 2035 census	63,201,281
• Density	98.13/km2 (254.2/sq mi)
GDP (nominal)	2034 estimate
• Total	3.91 trillion NSD
• Per capita	61,865.83 NSD
HDI (2034)	0.873 very high
Currency	Skille (S) (ESK)
Time zone	Western Seaboard Time (WST+0)
• Summer (DST)	Western Seaboard Time Summer (WST+1)
Date format	AD dd-mm-yyyy
Driving side	right
Internet TLD	.em
The duchies (colored), gravedoms (outlined black), earldoms (outlined gray), and baronies (outlined white) of Emerstari, held by the Emerstarian peerage.

Emerstari (Emerstarian: Emerige, pronounced [ˈɛmərjɛ]), officially the Federated Kingdom of Emerstari, is a sovereign country and nation state in the eastern portion of the Scanian Peninsula, in the continent of Eurevia, within the region of Arda en' Estel. Emerstari proper consists of its mainland and 416 named islands, the largest of which are the Isles of Haller and Långeholt immediately north of the mainland in the Halleran Archipelago. It is the northernmost and easternmost of all the nations in the Scanian Peninsula and lies of north of Canaria and east of Coelans. The land is generally fairs mild temperatures due to its maritime influence, and it is characterized by its many rivers, its forests, and its expanses of mountains. Emerstari has a total area of 644,050 km² (248,669 sq mi) and a water area of 24,474 km² (9,252 sq mi), excluding territorial waters.

According to Emerstarian tradition, Emerstarians first came to their land of habitation after the Deluge and are descendants of Hemar, a great-grandson of Noah, and his sons (from whom the clans descend). Prior to and during the first several centuries of the Christian era, Emerstari was home to an innumerable number of small tribal entities led by a jarl, which is today the second rank within Emerstarian peerage. However, by the sixth, seventh, and eighth centuries, the whole of Emerstari had been converted and was divided into several petty kingdoms which would be unified by Eirikar Segersælla in the mid-eleventh century, which is when the modern Emerstarian state was founded. This period after Christianization and before unification is known as the Flerarikrian Era from the Emerstarian roots flera meaning several and rike meaning country. The Great Mortality of 1355 nearly halved the Emerstarian population in the late fourteenth century, resulting in numerous social changes, the Marseilian Conquest of Emerstari, and the War of the Emerstarian Succession. Emerstari became Lutheran during the Estelian Reformation in the mid-fifteenth century, and in the beginning of the sixteenth century, Georg I Erik of Emerstari commenced the Scanian Era of Exploration, turning Emerstari into an imperial power. An Emerstarian Golden Age of music, art, and thought transpired from the mid-eighteenth century, in the wake of the Scanian Wars of the Coalitions, until the late-nineteenth century, ending with the Scanian Ten Years' War and the Downturn of 1922. Since the mid-twentieth century, the Emerstarian foreign doctrine has turned away from imperialism and expansionism and has focused on a construction of non-interventionalism known as Engeherdtism for its forthbringer, former Lord Steward Karl Ludvig Engeherdt, Duke of Upper Kjorland.

In the present day, Emerstari shares close political and economic relations with its neighbors, who it has cultural and linguistic kinship with. It is a founding member of several international alliances in Arda en' Estel and Markion, including the Venson Union, the Ostensted Monetary Union, the North Scanian Interrelation Pact, and the Allied Security and Assistance Force, formerly the Coalition Defense Union. Emerstari is a federal representative monarchy wherein executive power is invested in the Emerstarian monarch by God, per the constitution of Emerstari. Legislative power and judicial power are also invested in the Emerstarian monarch but are delegated to the Førebundskongress and the Furstdomehus respectively. The country is divided into seventeen provinces and thirty-eight duchies; there dual-capitals, Køroenets and Rontseljere. The national language is Emerstarian and the state religion is Lutheranism.

Etymology

The earliest surviving written reference to a land of Emerstarians is dated to AD 72 in an Old Marseilian text whose authorship is unknown but is sometimes attributed to a companion of Saint Sigebert known either as Theudebert or Theudebald. It is written on the so-called 'both in-tact and corrupted Noahic practices' of the Emerstarians, and it refers to the land they inhabit as Emarlaand. Emarlaand is, in fact, also cognates with the former English term for the land of Emerstarians, Emerland; however, English has since adopted (in the late-sixteenth century) an Anglicized form of the modern Marseilian word for the land of Emerstarians, Emerterre from the roots Emer meaning an Emerstarian and terre meaning earth or land.

Written language, in the form of the Old West Scanian Script, was adopted by Emerstarians sometime after their Christianization, and the first written reference to a land of Emerstari by Emerstarians comes from AD 302 on a stone tablet and refers the land as Hemerslandą. This is from the Old Scanian or Old North Scanian roots Hemer which is a reference to the first Emerstarian according to Emerstarian tradition, a great-grandson of Noah, and landą meaning land. Subsequent writings refer to the land as Hemersland (Kveld's Saga, 600s AD) then Emersland (Saga of the Children of Hemar, 900s AD). The modern word in the Emerstarian for the land is Emerige and this comes about from after the unification of Emerstari in 1047. The root Emer is a reference to Hemar whereas the root rige is a softened deriviation of the word rike, which means country. The first mention of a country of the Emerstarians was made in 1047, supposedly by Eirikr Segersælla according to an unnamed scribe at the royal court, who claims at the coronation of Eirikr, Bishop of Uppsalle Bivorr Eylirsson said, "[f]or we live not anymore in the land of Emerstarians, but the country of Emerstarians, and Eirikr Segersælla is its king, chosen by God and anointed so in His witness on this day..."

Variations of the name Emerstari, Emerterre, and Emerige are used in most languages, with the exceptions of the Kolgraic languages where Eomurinmaa (Soumian) and Eumursimo (Lorivian) are used. In the Bohish and Marugiran, distantly related to the Kolgraic languages, Omaruzága is used, and in the Caloudish languages, Dúthaicomar and Tuairomar are used. In the Kolgraic languages, Eomur and Eumur are the names of Hemar whereas in the other languages listed, he is known by his Hebrew name, Omar.

History

Early History

Vernian petrogylphs dating from 3,200-years-ago

According to the folklore and tradition of Emerstari, the first Emerstarians emerged in history sometime between the 2400s and the 2300s BC with the arrival of Hemar and his family, his wife Elseh and his sons Rudulh, Oller, Erval, and Oggeh, and his sons' wives. Hemar and his brothers, who were great-grandsons of Noah via Japheth and Magog, had been promised by God lands that He from the seas after the Deluge wherein their descendants would become a great nations. The Saga of the Children of Hemar states that Hemar settled in the central of the country where many rivers flowed and that he dwelt there with his firstborn Rudulh, who would inherit the land and father the Hrudolfung clan. This saga moreover states that he sent his secondborn son Oller, who would father the Ullerung clan, to the south to keep his herds; his thirdborn son Erval, who would father the Hervalding clan, to the west to farm his fields; and his lastborn son Oggeh, who would father the Heggenling clan, to the north to hunt for meat. From these sons and their clans, all other clans of Emerstari and all Emerstarians are said to have descended.

Regardless of the validity of the traditional histories of Emerstari, both traditionalists and non-traditionalists are generally in agreement that the first settlers of Emerstari arrived about 3,500 years ago. Furthermore, they are generally in agreement that the Emerstarian climate, and the climate of all of Scania, was generally warmer during this period, likely wetter as well. It is believed that a Mediterranean climate persisted in the area until the 1200s BC when a regional cooling and drying period occurred, causing the climate to become somewhat colder than it is today, possibly disrupting numerous ancient Scanian societies, but it is believed to have had little affect on the inhabitants of Emerstari.

The inhabitants of Emerstari at this time are believed to have spoken Proto-Scanian, an ancestor of all the modern languages of the Scanian Peninsula today. It is figured that the inhabitants of Emerstari during this period, from the religion they are known to have had in later periods before Christianization, were monotheistic, and Emerstarian traditionalists figure they practiced a faith based on the knowledge that Hemar and his sons had on Noah's interactions with God, as well as the interactions with God of the Old Testament patriarchs before him. The Emerstarians of this era are suspected to have lived in clan-like and tribal societies with large family structures led by chieftains, and they are believed to have been semi-sedentary, herding and farming.

Christianization

An anachronistic engraving of Saint Sigebert's arrival in Emerstari.

Emerstarian society remained resitant to the centralization of power for sometime, but by the final centuries BC, organized entities to the likes of earldoms began to form, typically by a specific clan whose chieftain sought to extend his influence. In AD 81, Saint Sigebert, a Marseilian a bishop, made a journey to Emerstari to proselytize, and his efforts were welcomed by the jarl of the Hrudolfung clan, Niel Gorma, who is supposedly the first Emerstarians to convert to Christianity. Indeed, his name at birth was Niel, but he took the name, according to Sigebert, and has become known in history as 'Gorm of Flodland' due to the fact that Gorm is an Emerstarian name meaning he who worships God. However, it took until AD 322 for the majority of Emerstarians to convert, the Christianization of Emerstari traditionally ending with the conversion of Bjorn of Haller in that year. Saint Sigebert, in addition to Christianity, also brought the concept of writing to Emerstari, bringing the Old West Scanian Script. Though, writing remained rare in Emerstari outside of scarce religious texts and short markings on stone before the first sagas in the AD 600s. Kveld's Saga, written sometime between the AD 600s and 700s, is generally recognized as the first greate piece of Emerstarian literature, an alliterative verse epic poem, though its authorship is unknown. Starting in the fifth century, a period of warming occurred in the Scanian Peninsula, creating a climate similar to today's.

Middle Ages

The petty kingdoms of Emerstari in red in AD 1040 prior to unification.

The Middle Ages in Scania is considered to begin in the AD 600s, coinciding with the first written sagas in Emerstari, which were likely based on oral traditions. This leaves a period between the end of the Christianization of Emerstari in AD 322 and the beginning of the Middle Ages: this period is known as the Consolidation of Emerstari for the fact that the jarldoms of previous eras grew into what may be equated to duchies and petty kingdoms. In the following centuries, Emerstari would become dominated by ten petty kingdoms: from north to south, the Kingdoms of Haller, Marland, Whentii, Flodland, Valerige, Erk, Verni, Ljund, Onørkien, and Almapien. The Middle Ages in Scania is divided into the Early Middle Ages (600s–1000s), the High Middle Ages (1000s–1300s), and the Late Middle Ages (1300s–1500s).

Early Middle Ages

A nineteenth-century engraving of Eirikr Segersælla.

The most famed character of the Early Middle Ages in Emerstari is Kveld, who is recorded in Kveld's Saga. Also known as Kveldur or Kveldr, even though his saga is semi-legendary, he is known to have been a chieftain of the Hrudolfung clan and a King of Flodland. He is, moreover, also supposed to be a direct ancestor of Eirikr Segersælla; according to Kung Eirikr Segersælla's Saga, he is Eirik's fourteenth-great-grandfather, and Kveld himself is supposed to be a direct descendant of Gorm of Flodland, Hrudolf, Hemar, and Noah according to Emerstarian tradition. Kveld was, per his saga, a skilled warrior and a beloved king, and he greatly expanded the territory of the Kingdom of Flodland, absorbing several smaller petty kingdoms, some of which have had their names lost to history, but one of which was the Kingdom of Sydstromming in the present-day Duchy of Fjellborg. Kveld is also supposed to have had tense relations with the Kingdom of Valerige but have been quite cordial with the Kingdom of Haller.

In addition to the above, some Emerstarians, especially those from the northern and eastern coasts, also participated in vikings from the Old North Scanian word víkingar, a víking or viking being a waterborne expedition. Most of these vikings were for the purpose of fishing, trade, or even sometimes to find glory, and the large majority of Emerstarian vikings were towards the east and the south, whereas the vikings of Coelansers and Ermanders were often towards the west. Some vikings ended up establishing Emerstarian communities elsewhere in Arda en' Estel, such as the Northern Isles, Eisenland, and Caloudia.

High Middle Ages

An eleventh century tapepstry supposedly depicting the three sons of Eirikr Segersælla.

In 1007, there was a marriage between Ingmar Gylla, the King of Flodland, and the eldest daughter of Odkjel Valfödda, the King of Whentii. Ingmar died in 1034, passing the throne of Flodland to his eldest son Eirikr, and Odkjel died in 1039, but his only son was drowned by the nobility, so the throne of Whentii passed to the eldest son of his eldest daughter, Eirikr. According to Kung Eirikr Segersællas Saga, sometime shortly thereafter, the nobility of the Kingdom of Valerige promised him that if he invaded, he could ascend to their throne. The saga claims that within the following years, the other petty kings of Emerstari either submitted to his rule or were conquered, but not much is known on the process of Emerstarian unification outside of his saga. Regardless, by the year 1047, Eirikr is known to have proclaimed himself Konungr allra Emerskar, or King of all Emerstarians. Traditional Emerstarian histories describe Eirikr and his father Ingmar as direct descendants of Kveld, thus of Gorm of Flodland, Hrudolf, Hemar, and Noah as well.

Eirikr died in 1078, and the Emerstarian kingship was split between two of Eirik's three sons, Jakob Eldri and Olaf Örn. Emerstari remained a diarchy for several more decades until the death of Jakob Eldri's son Jakob Kjáni, who had no chilren of his own, and when Olaf died, the throne passed through his line to his son Karl Eldri. When Karl died in 1122, however, his son, who inherited the Duchy of Flodland, did not inherit the throne because he was seven at the time, so the nobility elected the son of one of his cousins, a daughter of Jakob Eldri, to the throne, Harald Sigfredsson, giving rise to the Sigfredsson or Sigfredung dynasty. The dialect of Old North Scanian spoken in Emerstari at this time also began to develop into Old Emerstarian through the twelfth century.

The Sigfredung dynasty reigned until 1235 when Karl Yngra died without a male heir. The nobility of Emerstari elected his nephew by his sister, who would end up becoming his grandson-in-law, Villem Persson, as King of Emerstari. His nephew was a member of the Rhenish House of Wassen, which would rule Emerstari until 1250. As a result of the House of Wassen's Rhenish relations, Emerstari began to seek closer ties with central Scania as opposed to with Marseile. Villem's son, Olaf Villemsson died childless, and the Emerstarian nobility elected the Malmø branch of the House of Eirikr to the throne. The Malmø branch, who took their name from the Duchy of Malmø over which they ruled, were descended from the son of Karl Eldri, Eirik Bjorna, who had three sons. The youngest of his sons, the Earl of Malmø, would father the House of Malmø via an illegitimate son he had with a daughter of the Duke of Stenburg. The Malmøs were the first Emerstarian monarchs to use regnal numbers as well as regnal names after their regnal numbers.

The son, Erik IV Jakob, of the first Malmø king, Gustaf I Erik, died fighting in the Rhenish-Polsnian War without a male heir. Gustaf had a brother, but he was deemed unfit for the throne by the nobility, and his son, Ervin was seen as too young, so a pact was made between Ervin and the nobility of Emerstari at large that the throne would pass through his line after the death of the next monarch. The husband of Gustaf's eldest daughter, Knudt I Henrik, who was a member of the House of Wesse, another Rhenish family, was elected to the throne. Knudt died in 1303, but his brother, Folke I Villem usurped the throne with the backing of the Kingdom of Coelans. When Folke died childless in 1313, the throne was returned to the Malmøs via Ervin, ruling as Ervin I Knudt. Ervin died in 1338, and there was a diarchic rule between his wife, Elsa I Annikke, and his son Olaf III Kristoffer.

"...destructive death (who seizes young and old alike, sparing no one and reducing rich and poor to the same level) has lamentably snatched from both of us our dearest daughter (whom we loved best of all, as her virtues demanded)."

Letter from Olaf III Kristoffer to Charles VII and III.

Late Middle Ages

In 1357, the daughter of Olaf was married to the son of the King of Marseile, Charles VII. However, she died shortly after as a result of the Great Mortality of 1354, which was a result of a disease which Scanians had not built an immunity to that was brought back to Scania by Itrisian merchants. Between 1357 and 1359, the disease nearly halved the Emerstarian population until a particularly cold winter began to halt the spread of the disease. This winter was the start of a period of cooling in Scania that brought temperatures slightly lower than they are today and lasted until the seventeenth century.

Charles attributed Olaf for the death of his daughter-in-law and cited his relation to her as sufficient reason to claim the throne of Emerstari upon Olaf's death in 1380. Charles conquered Emerstari; however, in 1381, the Emerstarian nobility made a pact with him, that they would accept Marseilian rule if his brother-in-law, Pers IV of Jacquesse was made King of Emerstari. In 1390, Pers was overthrown, and the grandson of Olaf III Kristoffer, Sigismund I Kristoffer of Emerstari became king. Upon his death, his wife Erika I Henriette usurped the throne from her son; however, her brother, Harald II Håkon proclaimed himself diarch alongside her, claiming that a woman couldn't be the sole monarch of Emerstari. Both were from the House of Sverrer, a branch of the House of Eirikr. In 1421, Harald died, and the nobility elected Sigismund's son's brother-in-law, a Rhenish noble from the House of Aldburg to the throne. The second Aldburgian king, Kristien I Karl died suddenly in 1438, and the nobility looked to elect a new house to the throne, but there was no clear consensus, and the War of the Emerstarian Succession began.

Early Modern Era

Rise of the Emerstarian Empire

Georg I Erik in 1471 by Hans Fredrich Wenger.

The Emerstarian Empire in green within the Scanian Peninsula in 1692, with Emerstari proper, Emerstarian Canaria in dark green, Emerstarian Hussea, and Soumeland.

The War of the Emerstarian Succession ended in 1444 with the coronation of Georg I Erik, a Eirikrian, as the King of Emerstari. He is often known as 'the Great Reformer King' because of his many reforms to the Emerstarian government and military and indeed, his conversion to Lutheranism and creation of the Church of Emerstari. Georg I Erik's ascension to the throne marks, in the eyes of most historians, Emerstari's ascension to an imperial power. Early in his reign, Erik established the Folks Hus and commissioned an Emerstarian translation of the Bible, today known as the Kuing Georg Utsattering. He was highly religious, and in 1504, he sent Kristoffer Lorens Ljundstrom, Baron of Ljundstrom to sea to find the Garden of Eden; later, he would also send explorers to find the Holy Grail and the North Pole. Ljundstrom ended up discovering Durradon in Markion, and in subsequent voyages, he sailed farther into Markion and landed in Kophavien, North and South Ling Shou, and Fyrland in the Green Union. In 1520, the Shogunate of Gijeong in Kophavien became an Emerstarian protectorate and other Kophavien shogunates followed suit before Kophavien became a colony in the late-sixteenth century. In the mid-sixteenth century, Fyrland was colonized. Emerstarian colonialism in Markion often marks the beginning of the Emerstarian Empire. Georg was the longest-reigning Emerstari king, dying in 1512. His son, Erik XI Georg, who succeded him is not nearly as remembered for his actions as King of Emerstari, but he saw through the colonization of Emerstarian territories Markion and Arda en' Estel whereas his father had started it. This second restoration of the House of Eirikr ceased the use of the title King of all Emerstarians, instead using the title King of Emerstari. The House of Eirikr–Wolnbach ascended to the throne in 1570, with the death of Georg's granddaughter, Elsa II Nathalie whose husband, Ernest Wilhelm Friedrich von Wolnbach, Prince-Elector of Rhenland, became the first King-regent of Emerstari.

In 1600, the War of the Poiy League broke out in the Scanian Peninsula between the Catholic Poiy League and the Protestant Lutheran Veedenschloett League. The greater war had begun with a declaration of war on Canaria by Marseile, whose king sought to install Carl VII of Canaria's Catholic younger brother to the throne. Emerstari fought on the side of the Veedenschloett League from the beginning of the war until its end in 1621; the war was a Protestant vicotry which resulted in few territorial changes but kept Canaria's Lutheran monarchy in power. In 1623, the great-granddaughter of Elsa II Nathalie and Queen of Emerstari, Katarina I Solveig, died, but her husband and children were Catholics, so the throne passed to the son of her younger brother. Ervin II Gustaf was part of the House of Eirikr–Wolnbach by birth, but he had formed the House of Eirikr–Wolnbach–Leijonhuvud, adding his mother's house by birth to his surname. Prior to his ascension to the Emerstarian throne, he had been elected King of Soumeland, and thus, Emerstari and Soumeland entered into a personal union which would not desolve until 1904. Ervin's son, Erik VI Georg, who ruled Emerstari from 1650 until 1669, wed the only child of Carl VII of Canaria, his daughter Freia van Leeuwen, so upon the death of Carl in 1672, Canaria entered into a personal union with Emerstari as well.

Carolinian Era and Golden Age

Carolinian Wars

King Karl IV Lorens of Emerstari in 1699

In 1690, the great-grandson of Ervin II Gustaf of Emerstari ascended to the throne, Karl IV Lorens. He was the youngest monarch at the time of his ascension to date at that point, being eighteen-years-old, but he was surpassed by Erik X Gustaf in 1916, who was sixteen-years-old. Karl IV Lorens is oftened proclaimed as one of the best military minds who has ever come out of Emerstari, and while he is often admired as a king as well in the present-day, contemporarily, he was seen as neglectful of his royal duties and the widowmaker of thousands of Emerstarian wives. Karl IV Lorens was briefly married, but his wife, a Canarian noble, was killed in an anti-Emerstarian revolt in Emerstarian Canaria, and he never fathered any children. Karl created the Emerstarian allotment system.

The King of Saurland, Henrik II Johan, sought to take advantage of the Emerstarian king with his youth and inexperience and invaded Emerstarian Soumeland with the goal of greatening Saurish prestige and influence on northern shipping and trading routes. Karl IV Lorens responded by personally invading Saurland with a force of some 10,000 Emerstarians who were members of several regiments which would later come to be termed as the Karlineraskeregemeter and become part of the Royal Life Guard. He is the last Emerstarian king to have led soldiers in combat during a war; he continued his invasion of Saurland while his third cousin, General Georg Erik Uppskjold, went to Soumeland to recruit another army, one of the Soumish people and one to defend Soumeland. Within a year-and-a-half of fighting, the Saurish had been subdued, and with the Treaty of Kjirkens in 1693, Henrik II Johan was dethroned, and Karl ascended to the throne of Saurland.

Henrik had found refuge in the court of his cousin, Emperor Przemysł Augustus II of Polsenland, and in 1695, Polsenland declared a war on Emerstari to restore Henrik to the throne and partition Soumeland. The war with Polsenland, known as the War in Siesland lasted for just over two years, and ended with the Treaty of Jalav wherein Kuistia and Erngia were absorbed into the Emerstarian Empire, previously being part of Polsenland.

The Emerstarian Empire in 1700 under Karl IV Lorens.

An uneasy peace came upon the Scanian Peninsula for three years, and during it, a coalition formed that looked to halt Emerstarian expansion. In 1700, the four nations of Asturland, Ermanland, Polsenland, and Saubland, all of which were Catholic, declared war on Emerstari, whose allies Coelans and Saexeland, both Lutheran, came to its aid. Since the war was against Catholics and Lutherans, it is sometimes dubbed as the 'Second War of the Poiy League.' The war was the final of the Carolinian Wars and the longest of them, lasting until 1706, even past the death of Karl IV Lorens. He died during a cavalry charge he led in the Battle of Kääjoki, shot through the skull by Polsnian infantry. Legends surrounding his death claim that his final words were, "Carry on, men, for the battle is not yet won!" It is known that on the eve of his death, he wrote the poem "Far Dig Val", which was later put to music and is now sung at royal funerals in Emerstari.

With no children of his own, when Karl IV Lorens died in 1704, the nobility of Saurland revolted against Karl's heir, his nephew by his sister, joining the coalition against Emerstari, but the Second Polsnian–Emerstarian War ultimately ended in 1707 with the Treaty of Malmø, which is widely regarded as a white peace. In 1718, Karl's nephew, Ervin III Karl, who was part of the House of Leijonhuvud–Pfach, was murdered on the order of Villem Ingvalde Borgerstyrer, Duke of Vasterland. As he had only a daughter, who was not even of age yet, the throne passed to the the husband of his mother's cousin, Erik VIII Olaf by election. The succession laws of Saurland and Siesland operated differently, however, so the thrones passed to his brother and daughter respectively.

Second Eirikrian Restoration

Erik VIII Olaf is sometimes known as the 'Father of Scania' because he had eleven children, who through, many of the present-day monarchs of Scania are related. Othertimes he is known as 'the Diplomatist' or 'the Peaceable' because his reign, from 1718 to 1744, was a time of relative peace for Emerstari after the wars of Karl IV Lorens. Breifly, between 1738 and 1742, he was elected Emperor of Polsenland by a faction of Polsnian nobles, but he never pursued this claim, and the nobles supporting him lost sway in the following years. Erik was a naval enthusiast, and his reign saw the beginning of Emerstarian naval dominance in Scania, taking the title away from Marseile.

Olaf III of Emerstari

The Duke of Whentii, Eirik Finn Felikssen–Leijonhuvud, led the Emerstarian Army in the Wars of the Coalitions

In 1742, he commissioned, after several years of pressure from the representatives of the Folks Hus, a consitutional committee to be established to begin work on an Emerstarian constitution. However, Erik died in 1745 of cardiac arrest while en route to Soumeland, and the work of the commitee was halted for several years by his grandson, who succeeded him, Erik IX Johann. However, in 1749, his grandson reëstablished the committee, and in 1756, the constitution of Emerstari was ratified. Initially, the peerage of Emerstari and the Herrers Hus were opposed, figuring it would take away their ancient rights as Emerstarian nobles, and drafts of the constitution were amended several times because of this. The Sammråd was created as a result of this. One of the most prominent changes that came with the constitution was the organization of creation of provinces, which had one or several duchies within them. There are numerous examples of provinces whose borders were formed because dukes of the same house sought to come together. Other times, provincial borders were formed on the basis of where clansfolk of a certain clan lived.

In 1763, in the wake of several sea skirmishes between Emerstarian and Marseilian vessels known as the Euteni Encounters, a treaty was brokered between the two nations, putting an end to five centuries of hostility between them. The treaty, signed in Emerstarian Canaria in the town of Voendenvelt, known as the Voendenvelt Accords, was made on a mutual fear that either country might declare war on the other, and then, both of them might become weakened, and the other nations of Scania would take advantage of them. It is sometimes viewed as a precurser to the Venson Pact, later the Venson Union, signed in 1814 between Emerstari and Marseile among other nations.

In 1778, Erik IV Johann died, but his eldest son, Karl was bedridden with some illness (modern historians are still unsure what he was suffering from) and abdicated the throne for his uncle, Olaf III Aleksender. Olaf ruled for two years until Karl had made a full recovery from whatever he had been suffering from, and he proceeded to abdicate the throne for his nephew. During the reign of Karl V Erik, in the 1780s, a pro-Sjovenian uprising in Emerstarian Baveska began, and with the aid of Sjovenia, Baveska freed itself from Emerstarian rule. Karl V Erik additionally saw the beginning of the Scanian Wars of the Coalitions.

The Scanian Wars of the Coalitions were a series of intertwined wars between the nations of Scania from 1789 until 1831. Throughout the early 1790s, conflicts arose in the eastern Rhenish Empire, in the Renochesvian Empire, and in the Scanian Lowlands. Emerstari was highly involved in the Wars of the Coalitions from its beginning until the creation of the Venson Pact in 1818, whereafter Emerstari's involved lessened considerably; in the years after the Venson Pact, peace gradually came to the eastern parts of Scania, but conflict continued in the west until 1831. The Venson Pact, now the Venson Union, was founded as an ensurance of peace between the powers of eastern Scania: Coelans, Emerstari, Marseile, Rhenland, and Saexeland. After the Scanian Ten Years' War, it would become an economic pact and a military cooperative pact in the form of the Venson Union. In addition to the Venson Pact in the wake of the Wars of the Coalition, Emerstari also progressively began to loosen its grip on its Scanian possessions. In 1867, Hüllen was released; in 1849, Canaria was released, on the death of Folke II Knudt; in 1880, Hussea was released; in 1904, Soumeland was released. Both Canaria and Soumeland retained Eirikrian monarchs, however.

Golden Age

The end of the Scanian Wars of the Coalitions also saw increased industrialization across Scania as nations recovered from the war. Emerstari also saw a Golden Age, what some historians refer to as the Emerstarian Empire's 'final hurrah' as it slowly let territories go, including Emerstarian Fyrland in 1872 to the Green Union. This Golden Age was an age of increased Emerstarian influence in literature, music, and art. Some of the most famous Emerstarian authors, such as Georg Karl Anderssen and Theodor Lorens Kierke, and composers, such as Villem Karl Stenhammer and Frederik Lars Alfssen, and artists, such as Osvald Ragnvald Strom and Karl Johann Dal, came out of this era.

The borders of Scania in 1870.

In 1862, Canaria, Emerstari Saurland, and briefly the Frieidsh Confederation established the Ostensted Monetary Union which still survives to present-day. Its initial goal was to facilitate trade and strengthen the economies of all the Scanian states in the aftermath of the Wars of the Coalitions. However, this plan did not come to fruition due to, primarily, the Marseilian rejection of the bimetallic standard. In actuality, the Otsensted regulates the currencies of each of the member-nations, whose currencies are all on a bimetallic standard. In 2035, one Canarian thaaler, Coelansish kron, Emerstarian skille, Saurish krona, and Soumish sjaåla are all equal to 0.1 g of gold or 0.56 g of silver. One troy ounce of gold is set as 940.57 NSD and one troy ounce of silver is set as 16.80 NSD.

The Emerstarian Golden Age began to see its end with a brief war between Emerstari and Saubland between 1873 and 1878. Ultimately, the Golden Age would come to its true end with the Scanian Ten Years' War in the early-twentieth century.

Modern Era

20th century

The Royal Emerstarian Navy was believed to be one of the best in the world during the Scanian Ten Years' War.

King Erik XII Georg of Emerstari walking with King Agostino IV during a state visit to Itrisia in September 2023.

In 1911, the Emerstarian Golden Age officially came to an end with the beginning of the Scanian Ten Years' War, in which Emerstari participated as part of the Veidmaar League. Emerstarian forces engaged primarily in central Scania in Rhenland as well as along the coasts of Inkelland and Istrisia. Briefly, Emerstarians fought along the southern borders of Soumeland. The war was fought between the Veidmaar League and the Utten League over the fate of the Rhenish Empire as well as over what nations would became the dominant powers of the Scanian Peninsula. It is sometimes termed the 'War that Brought Peace' since there has not been another major war between Scanian nations since then. The Veidmaar League won, and the monarch of Rhenland was established as the Rhenish Emperor. Out of the war, Coelans, Emerstari, and Marseile affirmed their positions as the powers of Scania, lessening the influence of Astenland, Polsenland, and Renochesvia.

Amidst a ceasefire during war, in 1916, Erik X Gustaf had acceded his mother, who had abdicated under political pressure, as monarch of Emerstari. Erik X Gustaf has emerged in history as one of the favorite monarchs of the Emerstarian people, ruling from 1916 to 1972. He was additionally, the longest-living monarch of Emerstari, having been born in 1900 and dying in 2019. He was known for his opposition to liberalization of Emerstari, even dismissing the national legislature once when a bill to liberalize divorce laws was in the works. During his reign, Emerstari intervened with Rolanes in the Blusten Affair and with the Venson Union in First Slovyan Insurgency. His Lord Steward Karl Ludvig Engeherdt, Duke of Upper Kjorland is known for his development of the standing Emerstarian foreign doctrine, a construction of non-interventionalism known as Engeherdtism.

21st century

The twenty-first century in Emerstari has been dominated by the rule of Erik XII Georg, the grandson of Erik X Gustaf who succeded his father in 1994. Emerstari engaged in the Nivijegdian War with its ally, Arcadia, with whom its currently in the Allied Security and Assistance Force, from 2016 until 2018. During this war, Emerstari made its first territory gain since the late-nineteenth century in the form of Emerstari Nivijegdna. In 2019, Emerstari and the Venson Union aided Slovya in the Second Slovyan Insurgency, ultimately, pulling their forces out by 2021. Between these conflicts, Emerstari hosted the Hastiludia in 2017 and again in 2029. In 2035, Erik XII Georg's second cousin and the Duke of Ekkesburg, Thomes Adulf Lorenssen–Eirikr claimed the throne of the civil war-struck Green Union, whose King Wolfe VI is claimed to either be dead or dissappeared.

Geography

Emerstari lies in the northeastern portion of the Scanian Peninsula, south of the Halleran Sea and west of the EStelian Sea; its borders with these seas provide the country with an extensive coastline. Emerstari is bordered in the west by Coelans and in south by Canaria. There is a maritime border with Roele as well. Emerstari proper 644,050 km² (248,670 mi sq), which makes it one of the larger nations in Scania. Jættenshjem is the highest elevation (2,411 m; 7,910 ft above sea level) within Emerstari, located in the northern regions of the Vittoppar Mountains along the Coelansish-Emerstarian border. Emerstari's lowest elevation is Kveldskerr (−2.41 m; −7.91 ft below sea level).

The White Topped Mountains

Some one-seventh of Emerstari proper lies north of the Arctic Circle, the northernmost part of Marland and several of the Halleran Isles. About 42% of Emerstari's land area is covered with forest, mostly towards the north, whereas the south is predominantly cleared agricultural land. Rivers run through much of the country, many of them meeting in the center of it, and there are three predominant mountain ranges within Emerstari: the Vittoppar along the Coelansish border, the Hogberger Mountains within Verni and West Verni, and the Midtenlinjer Mountains throughout the middle of Marland. In addition to these mountains, all of the Halleran Isles have mountains towards their centers. The most dense population centers of Emerstari are on the country's eastern coast, but comparable centers are located around the capital in the north-central part of the country. In whole, though, there are large rural expanses all around Emerstari. Lake Ar is the largest Emerstarian lake by area and volume.

Climate

Despite its northern location, the majority of Emerstari harbors a humid continental climate with four largely distinct seasons and mild temperatures throughout the year. The winters of the Emerstarian far south are typically weak, with few short periods of snow and sub-zero temperatures; sometimes, the autumn may even turn into spring without distinct periods of cold weather. More northward, the winters are more apparent, and there may even be periods of snow and cold weather into the months of April and May. The northernmost reaches of Emerstari even have subarctic and arctic climates. As a result Emerstari's location, the country experiences varying hours of daylright throughout the year. In the dual-capitals of Køroenets and Rontseljere, daylight may last for up to or even more than eighteen hours in the height of summer but only for about six hours in the depth of winter. Generally, Emerstari receives about 1,668 hours of sunshine annually. Average temperatures for July in Emerstari are within the range of 12.2°C (54°F) and 21.5°C (70.7°F) while the average January temperatures are within the range of –6.8°C (19.8°F) and –1.8°C (28.8°F). The highest temperature which was ever recorded in Emerstari was 36°C (97°F), recorded in Ljund in the July of 1940; in contrast, the coldest temperature which was ever recorded in Emerstari was –52.6°C (–62.7°F), recorded in Væggenholm in 1971.

On average, Emerstarians in the middle of the country will see 763 mm (30.04 inches) of precipitation per year. Overall, the eastern half of Emerstari receives more precipitation annually than the western part. Emerstari is on the windward side of the Vittoppar Mountains, whereas eastern Coelans is in the rainshadow of them. Some parts of the country, those in the north and in the mountains especially, may have up to 2,000 mm (79 inches) of precipitation per year.

Climate data for Rontseljere, Emerstari (1874-2018)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	12.5 (54.5)	12.8 (55.0)	17.0 (62.6)	21.8 (71.2)	27.7 (81.9)	32.2 (90.0)	30.5 (86.9)	34.2 (93.6)	24.9 (76.8)	21.0 (69.8)	14.4 (57.9)	12.4 (54.3)	34.2 (93.6)
Average high °C (°F)	−1.8 (28.8)	−0.9 (30.4)	3.5 (38.3)	9.1 (48.4)	15.8 (60.4)	20.4 (68.7)	21.5 (70.7)	20.1 (68.2)	15.1 (59.2)	9.3 (48.7)	3.2 (37.8)	−0.5 (31.1)	9.6 (49.2)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−4.3 (24.3)	−4.0 (24.8)	−0.2 (31.6)	4.5 (40.1)	10.8 (51.4)	15.2 (59.4)	16.4 (61.5)	15.2 (59.4)	10.8 (51.4)	6.3 (43.3)	0.7 (33.3)	−3.1 (26.4)	5.7 (42.2)
Average low °C (°F)	−6.8 (19.8)	−6.8 (19.8)	−3.3 (26.1)	0.8 (33.4)	6.5 (43.7)	10.6 (51.1)	12.2 (54.0)	11.3 (52.3)	7.5 (45.5)	3.8 (38.8)	−1.5 (29.3)	−5.6 (21.9)	2.4 (36.3)
Record low °C (°F)	−24.3 (−11.7)	−24.9 (−12.8)	−20.2 (−4.4)	−9.8 (14.4)	−2.7 (27.1)	1.4 (34.5)	5.0 (41.0)	3.7 (38.7)	−2 (28)	−7.4 (18.7)	−16 (3)	−20.8 (−5.4)	−24.9 (−12.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	49 (1.9)	36 (1.4)	47 (1.9)	41 (1.6)	53 (2.1)	65 (2.6)	81 (3.2)	89 (3.5)	90 (3.5)	84 (3.3)	73 (2.9)	55 (2.2)	763 (30.1)
Average precipitation days	6	4	6	5	5	7	7	8	7	8	8	6	77
Mean monthly sunshine hours	40	76	126	178	220	250	246	216	144	86	51	35	1,668
Source: Emerstarian Meteorological Institute

Ecology

Storfjord in western Marland.

Lake Salle in North Whentii.

Montane snow forest and grasslands cover the northern portions of Emerstari, whereas farther south there is the Scanian conifer forest ecoregion. Southmost, there is the temperate mixed forest ecoregion. Portions of the Halleran Isles and the northern tip of Marland have the alpine tundra ecoregion. Coastal conifer forests apear along the coasts of Emerstari. Ultimately, the ecoregions of Emerstari are palearctic, as are the ecoregions of Scania as a whole.

Flora

Coniferous forests occur throughout the northern and central parts of the country. Within these forests, the northern spruce and the redwood fir, espeically in drier locations, dominate. Oftentimes, these trees are complimented with an understory of short fir. In mixed forests and broad-leafed forests, aspen, birch, elm, ash, lime, and oak trees appear.

Other important trees, shrubs, and plant species in Emerstari include the alder buckthorn, the alder tree, the beech, the blackthorn, the bird cherry, the dogwood, the elder, the fly honeysuckle, the goat willow, the hazel, the holly, the hornbeam, ivy, the larch, the linden, the maple, spindle, rowan, the water lily, the whitebeam, the wild cherry, and the yew.

All kinds of grass species including clover, feathergrass, bunchgrass, beachgrass, and meadowgrass among others are found within Emerstari. The country is also home to an innumerable number of algae, lichen, moss, fungal, fruit, vegetable, grain, berry, and flower species; blue iris, heather, holly, and daisy are all prominent Emerstarian flowers.

Fauna

The national animal of Emerstari, the red deer, the animal which features as the supporters on the royal coat of arms.

Land mammals who dwell in Emerstari include the hedgehog, the mole, and various species of shrews and of bats. Rabbit, hare and mountain hare, beaver, red squirrel, mice, brown rat, and a number of other species of small rodent live in Emerstari. Hooved Emerstarian animals include wild boar, fallow deer, roe deer, red deer, reindeer, and moose as well as domesticated animals, especially those considered livestock. Brown bear, wolf, white fox, lynx, badger, otter, stoat, weasel, polecat, the pine marten, and wolverine are among the Emerstarian carnivoric species on land. Emerstarian coasts host at least three species of seal and around thirteen species of whale, dolphin, and porpoise.

There have been 535 distinct bird species recorded in Emerstari, many of these species are migratory, making their way to Emerstarian breeding grounds before returning farther south for the winter. Emerstari's lakes, wetlands, and coasts provide especially good nesting and hunting opportunities for water birds and seabirds. Countless species of reptile, amphibian, and insect live throughout Emerstari. Emerstari has some 108 species of butterfly and 60 species of dragonfly.

An inlet in northern Valerige.

Politics

The Crown of Georg I Erik is part of the regalia of Emerstari and is the crown used at the coronation of the Emerstarian monarch.

The concept of Emerstarian sovereignty is derived from the theory that the monarch of Emerstari is invested with divine right by God to govern the Emerstarian nation and thus, the physical country of Emerstari and the Emerstarian state. Indeed, the constitution of Emerstari even is empowered by the divine right of the monarch of Emerstari, currently Erik XII Georg. The Emerstarian constitution, which is sectioned into three bills, does not so much regulate the monarch so much as it describes what he ought to do; it moreover forms the basis of the Emerstarian state, how it should operate and what the rights of the individual are compared with the rights of the state. The Emerstarian constitution divides the government into three branches: the executive branch, the legislative branch, and the judicial branch, all of which are in theory under the jurisdiction of the monarch of Emerstari, but in practice, many legislative and judicial responsibilities are assigned to lesser officers of governance.

In his role as head of state in the executive branch, the monarch of Emerstari is the foremost representative of the nation abroad, and he is responsible for the appointment of Emerstarian ambassadors to other nations and the receive foreign ambassadors to Emerstari. He is sole appointer of the officers of the Royal Court, several of which administer the various departments of the Emerstarian executive branch, including: the Department of State, the Department of Foreign Affairs, the Department of Justice, the Department of the Treasury, the Department of Trade and Labor, the Department of Post, the Department of Health, the Department of the Army, the Department of the Air Force, and the Department of the Navy. Typically, the appointments to lesser offices within these departments are left to the officers which the monarch appointed to head the departments. The President-citizen of Emerstari is an officer of governance elected by the Emerstarian people in a first-past-the-post system to be their personal advocate to the Emerstarian monarch. The Emerstarian monarch is the commander-in-chief of the Royal Emerstarian Military and the head of religion in the Church of Emerstari.

The silver throne of the Emerstarian queen-consort, originally made in 1627.

In his role as head of government in the legislative branch, the monarch of Emerstari is closely involved with the affairs of the Herrers Hus, which is the uppermost chamber of the Emerstarian federal legislature, the Førebundskongress. In the Herrers Hus, he may appoint and dismiss peers and gentry to 210 seats within the house at his leisure (unless the seat is revoked, it passes to the heir of the former holder on their exit from the house); he may also appoint one of the lords of the Herrers Hus to be his Regent in the Lords' House to administer the chamber in his name. There are an additional 40 seats within the Herrers Hus, but they are reserved for clergymen appointed by the Bishop of the Synod. The monarch has considerably less impact on the middle chamber, the Sammråd, and the lower chamber, the Folks Hus, save for the fact that laws must be passed or vetoed by him; although, his veto may overruled by a two-thirds vote by the Sammråd. The monarch may also open and dismiss the legislature. Representation in the Folks Hus is based on the population of each gravate of Emerstari, one representative for every people as of 2035 (representation is realloted every census to account for population growth); representation in the Sammråd is equal for all provinces and territorial jursidictions of Emerstari, with each district receiving three representatives. The goal of the Sammråd is to check the Folks Hus, so large population centers do not overpower more rural districts with their votes, whereas the goal of the Herrers Hus is to protect the establishment and traditional hierarchy as well as Christian law and the Church within governance. Bills concerning taxation, the Home Guard, and the rights of the individual constitutionally must be started in the Folks Hus.

In his role as foremost judge in the judicial branch, the monarch of Emerstari may issue pardons and partake within the procedures of the First Court of Emerstari, which is composed of seven judges. However, it is rare for the monarch to directly participate in the judicial process of the First Court. The first judge of the First Court of Emerstari is the Lord Sheriff of Emerstari; below him are six lesser judges who serve for life and are nominated by the King and confirmed by the Folks Hus and the Sammråd. The First Court performs judicial review and interprets the Emerstarian constitution. Below the First Court are ducal courts, gravate courts, county courts, and local courts.

Administrative divisions

Province Capital Area (km2) Population Ålmapien Koburg 57,853 4,590,366 Ejerien Odlarsby 19,518 3,557,087 Inepolien Midtenburg 35,097 8,267,755 Knurien Slåssborg 23,012 1,551,499 Kjorien Ljund 27,674 946,952 Kjormark Sydenstrand 7,534 933,645 Marland Eidfjord 71,284 2,356,475 Nordhƿentii Uppsalle 11,829 1,999,504 Onørkien Hoonderstad 32,701 2,216,528 Osterkjorien Kalamer 3,579 2,903,977 Pallsejn Mannsby 15,405 2,288,738 Sjomark Ynnesburg 21,947 2,020,873 Sydhƿentii Undersalle 13,372 2,289,568 Valerige Hjorring 71,421 6,114,463 Vastra Vernien Hojenfeld 12,735 1,420,768 Vernien Osterburg 15,791 1,819,939 Erk Erk 48,130 9,767,815 Kuingsholmer Køroenets and Rontseljere 365 1,884,430 Emerstari Køroenets and Rontseljere 644,050 63,201,281

Emerstari is composed of seventeen provinces, which are collectively termed the Rikesprovinser. The provinces' borders were drawn with the Emerstarian constitution in 1756, each province being formed of one or more duchies. Typically, duchies next to each other with the ducal house or inhabited by the same clan were put into the same province. Within duchies, there are gravates, then earldoms, then baronies, and then localities such as cities, towns, and villages. Under Emerstarian law, to be considered a city, or burg, a town, or stad, must receive a letter patent from the monarch of Emerstari. A town, or stad, is a village, or by, which has been recognized as such by its duke or provincial government. A by is a more broad term for any permanent settlement with a local government and defined borders. A hamlet, or hjemming, is a small, unorganized settlement without defined borders. Emerstari proper is legally defined as the seventeen provinces and the Halleran Isles.

The provinces of Emerstari function mainly for purposes of representation and organization in the federal legislature, as well as for the purposes of the modern allotment system; in contrast, the duchies within provinces serve more of a local purpose and form an important part of Emerstarians' identities. There is currently a total of thirty-eight duchies in Emerstari. In addition to provinces and duchies, there is an additional layer of organization of division in Emerstari: within the Church of Emerstari, there are bishoprics and parishes.

Outside of Emerstari proper, there are the Interior Territories, or the Inrelander, and the Exterior Territories, or the Utrelander. The Interior Territories are legally defined as the Duchy of Mailes, Northern Isles, the Eastern Isles, and any other Emerstarian possession within Arda en' Estel. The Exterior Territories are legally defined as any Emerstarian possession outside of Arda en' Estel.

Foreign relations

Karl Ludvig Engeherdt, Duke of Upper Kjorland, the Lord Steward of Erik X Gustaf who developed Engeherdtism.

The foreign doctrine of Emerstari is currently based on a construction of non-interventionalism formed by the Lord Steward under Erik X Gustaf, Karl Ludvig Engeherdt, Duke of Upper Kjorland; thus, the doctrine is known as Engeherdtism. Emerstari had previously held an imperialistic and expansionistic approach on foreign affairs. This former position began to change after 1763, with the Voedenvelt Accords with Marseile. Emerstari and Marseile generally act as the custodians of Scania.

Emerstari is a member-state of numerous international organizations, several of which it was involved with founding, including the Venson Union, formerly the Venson Pact, the Estelian Council, and the North Scanian Interrelation Pact, sometimes called the North Scanian League. Emerstari additionally is in the Allied Security and Assistance Force, formerly the Coalition Defense Union, with its longstanding ally, Arcadia. There are two major international economic organizations in which Emerstari is a part of: the Scanian Economic Cooperative and the Otsensted Monetary Union. Foreign embassies within Emerstari are located in the dual-capitals, Køroenets and Rontseljere.

Emerstari is often said to have a special relationship with Soumeland and Canaria, two nations with whom it had been in a longstanding personal union for several centuries. Moreover, Emerstari has strong ties with Coelans, Marseile, Saexeland, and Rolech. Contrarily, Emerstari has tense relations with the Congress of the Green Union, Eisengard, Kaltura, the Pacifican Republic, and the United Renochesvian Socialist Republics.

In 2035, Erik XII Georg stated that he was looking to open up further relations with the nations of Aels, including the Joseon–Vedoric Protectorate and Rhamos.

Military

Emerstarian personnel in a training excercise.

The armed forces of Emerstari are collectively grouped as the Royal Emerstarian Military, of which the Emerstarian monarch is commander-in-chief. It comprises three executive departments and one independent office with five service branches. The Royal Emerstarian Army is under the jursidiction of the Department of the Army, the Royal Emerstarian Navy and Royal Emerstarian Marine Corps are under the jurisdiction of the Department of the Navy, and the Royal Emerstarian Air Force is under the jurisdiction of the Department of the Air Force; the Home Guard of Emerstari is under the jurisdiction of the Office of the Home Guard. The Home Guard is a reserve force of land and marine units, organized via the modern allotment system, which can be merged into the Army or Navy during times of war or called upon in the wake of natural disasters. There are 470,293 Home Guard volunteers, 324,102 of which are terrestrial, 146,191 of which are marine. In the regular branches, there are some 220,000 individuals employed by the army; some 59,000 individuals employed by the navy and marines; and some 41,000 individuals employed by the air force. The armed forces of Emerstari are purely voluntary.

Historically and in modern day, Emerstari's navy has been recognized as one of the foremost in the world. Today, the Emerstarian navy operates just over 290 ships, primarily throughout Arda en' Estel and Markion. The Emerstarian army, as well, is viewed as a leading force comparatively. The current annual Emerstarian expenditure on the military is 52 billion NSD. Emerstari does not maintain a known nuclear arsenal.

Law

Emerstari has a civil law system based on Scanian law. Criminal and private laws are codified on the national level, and the Emerstarian penal system seeks the rehabilitation of the criminal and the protection of the public. Petty crimes are tried before a single professional judge whereas serious crimes are tried before mixed tribunals. Many of the fundamental matters of administrative law remain in the jurisdiction of the states. Capital punishment is sanctioned in all of Emerstari.

Law enforcement in Emerstaris is primarily the responsibility of local police departments and sheriff's offices with state police providing broader services. Federal agencies such as the Federelskutforskningbyrå and the Sjeriffstjeneste have specialized duties including national security and enforcing federal courts' rulings and federal laws. In 2017, there was a murder rate of 0.9 murders per 100,000 people.

Economy

Economic indicators
Nominal GDP	$3.52 trillion (Q3 2018)
Real GDP growth	2.2% (Q3 2018)
CPI inflation	1.24% (November 2018)
Employment-to-population ratio	70.2% (November 2018)
Unemployment	3.1% (November 2018)
Total public debt	$1.44 trillion (November 2018)
Median adult wealth	$106,827 (Q3 2018)

Emerstarians enjoy one of the highest GDP per-capita among Scanian countries ($61,317.40) and a high standard of living. The Emerstarian economy is an example of a mixed economy. Emerstari has an unemployment rate of 3.1%, with 68.2% of the populated age 15–70 employed.

There is no minimum wage in Emerstari and Emerstarian trade unions, whereof 87% of Emerstarian workers are members, negotiate wages for a large share of the employees. Both the prominent role of collective bargaining and the way wherein the high rate of coverage is achieved reflect the dominance of self-regulation over state regulation in Emerstari.

The state has large ownership in several industrial sectors, such as the petroleum sector (Statsoil) and the nuclear power sector (Rikskærnskkraft). Of the 178 airports in Emerstari, 72 are public and 106 are operated by the state-owned Emerskluft. A total of 62,019,841 passengers passed through Emerstarian airports in 2008; the busiest Emerstarian airport was Coronet Airport (Køroeneskjes Lufthavn), 16 kilometers (10 miles) northeast of Coronet, whereto a train from Kuings Tågsstasjon arrives every 10 minutes. Emerstari is additionally, a major shipping nation and has a merchant fleet of 1,203 vessels.

Agriculture is a significant sector in Emerstari

The 20 largest (by turnover) registered Emerstarian companies in 2011 were Færoe, Finnssen, Skånien, Karls åg Hens, Ingvar Johann Meijers, Marlandska Verkefabrik, Jölker, Nordin, Johannssens, Kjelden, Kopper, Strandvikke, Uppberg Vertygfabrik, Postett, Ryller, Eriksson–Strandberg, Færoe Lyksvagnar, Pitsahus, Svartskblekke, Birger Donner Ragnvaldssen Kompagne. The vast majority of Emerstari's industry is privately controlled.

Emerstari maintains its own currency, the Emerstarian Skille (ESK). The Emerstarian Riksbanke was founded in 1627 and is focusing on price stability with an inflation target of 1%.

The largest trade flows are with Canaria, Marseile, Soumeland, Coelans, Rolech, and Saexeland.

Resoruces

Oil industry

The Underøarner Oil Field

Emerstari is the largest oil producer in Scania; between 1966 and 2013, Emerstarian companies drilled 4092 oil wells, mostly in the Halleran Sea and the northern Estelian Sea. Of these, 1,205 have been terminated. Oil fields not yet in production include the Ostling Oil Field (calculated 65–156 million barrels of oil) and the Ljundberg Oil Field (calculated 260 million barrels of oil). The government controls large portions of the oil industry: 62% ownership of Statsoil as well as the fully state-owned Emersoil.

Fish industry

Emerstari is a large exporter of fish. Fish from farms and catch constitute the third-largest Emerstarian export product measured in value.

Mineral resources

Emerstari contains significant mineral resources; the most valuable of these are calcium carbonate (limestone), building stone, nepheline syenite, olivine, iron, nickel, and coal.

Infastructure

Kuings Tågsstasjon

Emerstari has 750,014 km (466,037 mi) of road in 2018, but a new road from Eidfjord to Uppsalle is under construction, and it is expected to be finished in 2021. Emerstari has right-hand traffic.

The Emerien and Yoerk metros are the only underground systems in Emerstari. There are 29,901 km (18,580 mi) of rails in Emerstari, and the railroad system transported 67,029,449 passengers and 37,821,400 tons of cargo in 2015. While all domestic passenger trains are privately operated, the majority of the rail network is owned by the state-operated Emeriges Tågrutteskkompagne (part of the Department of Transport).

Emerstari has several domestic ferry lines, the most notable whereof connect northern Marland to the Halleran Islands, but there is a ferry line in Onørkien as well, connecting Hoonderstad to the Sydvasten Islands.

Energy

Emerstari's energy market is largely privatized. In 2017, energy sources were: oil (36%); hydroelectricity (35.9%); coal (29.3%); natural gas (20.4%); nuclear, solar, and wind power (9%). Despite a 2006 poll showing general support of nuclear power, the building of new nuclear power plants was banned in 2002, and since then, there has been a debate of phasing out all nuclear power plants.

Science and technology

In 1716, the Royal Emerstarian Academy was founded by Ervin III Karl, and in 1717, the Royal Emerstarian Society of the Sciences was established. Emerstarian scientists and inventors from before the 20th century include Karl Olof Rynneas, Gustaf Lorens Nordin, Erik Per Johannssen, and Frederik Adulf van Wekehaart. The traditional engineering industry is still a major source of Emerstarian inventions, but electronics and other high-tech industries are gaining ground.

Emerstarian inventors held 45,481 patents in 2015 according to the Scanian Patent Office. Only four other Scanian nations have more patents than Emerstari.

Demographics

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±%
1795	30,984,198	—
1805	32,058,192	+3.5%
1815	33,027,901	+3.0%
1825	33,991,579	+2.9%
1835	35,389,192	+4.1%
1845	36,378,514	+2.8%
1855	37,105,791	+2.0%
1865	38,048,912	+2.5%
1875	39,212,427	+3.1%
1885	40,489,098	+3.3%
1895	41,248,915	+1.9%
1905	42,084,018	+2.0%
1915	43,209,051	+2.7%
1925	44,089,520	+2.0%
1935	45,080,821	+2.2%
1945	46,184,099	+2.4%
1955	47,304,812	+2.4%
1965	48,609,024	+2.8%
1975	49,887,512	+2.6%
1985	51,290,893	+2.8%
1995	52,608,260	+2.6%
2005	53,982,145	+2.6%
2015	56,021,495	+3.8%
2018	57,406,218	+2.5%
Census Statistics (1795-2015)

The total population of Emerstari was estimated to be 57,406,218 in June 2019. The population density is 89.13/km² (230.8/sq mi); athough, eastern Emerstari is more densly populated than the west. About 55% of the population lives in suburban or urban areas. The largest city in Emerstari is Yoerk with a population of 2,690,254, and the second- and third-largest cities are Feldkoppen (2,290,657) and Malmø (1,602,745). The only Emerstarian cities that surpass one million inhabitants are thereof; Coronet and Rensulier, Emerstari's dual capitals have a population of 600,131 and 339,900 respectively.

The total fertility rate (TFR) in 2018 estimated to be 2.6 children born per woman, above the replacement rate of 2.1; it remains lower than the high of 4.69 children born per woman in 1872, though. The median age of the Emerstarian population is 39.2 years.

Immigration and naturalization

The number of registered resident foreigners in 2015 was 481,785, 30,202 whereof acquired Emerstari citizenship, according to Emerstarian nationality law. This figure is slightly larger than the 2014 number of 30,194. About half of those naturalized are from another Estelian or Scanian nation, and about one-fourth of those naturalized were naturalized under the right of return law. According to the Emerstarian Office of Immigration, 4,891 of those naturalized in 2015 were from Coelans, forming the largest naturalized group thence.

Emigration

Starting in the 1600s and continuing into the 1800s, many Emerstarians emigrated to elsewhere in the Emerstarian Empire. Because of this, today, there are many places and regions with significant ethnic Emerstarian populations, particularly in Fyrland in the Green Union, in New Retermi, and in Baveska in Sjovenia.

In 2015, 702,805 Emerstarian citizens lived abroad, the largest group being in Canaria, followed by Coelans, and then Marseile.

Language

The official language of Emerstari is Emerstarian, a North Scanian language, related and very similar to Coelanish, Yermansk, and Saurish. Coelanish and Saurish speakers have little difficulty understanding Emerstari, Yermansk speakers can also understand it with slightly more difficulty. The southernmost Emerstarian dialects also may have some understanding of Canarian and Rhenish. Within Emerstari, there are five recognized minority languages: Coelanish, Canarian, Eilandish, High Marlandish, and Nordspreck.

In varying degrees, especially with those born after the 1970s, Emerstarians can understand and speak English. It is the third most studied language in Emerstarian schools after Canarian and Marseilian; it is followed by Rhenish. According to a study in 2012, 87% of Emerstarians are proficiently bilingual, 40% are proficiently trilingual, and 52% can speak English with proficiently.

Religion

Religious affiliation in Emerstari (2015)

Affiliation	% of Emerstarian Population
Christianity	84.4	84.4
Protestant	79.6	79.6
Lutheran	71.6	71.6
Prysbeterian	6.4	6.4
Other Protestant	6.5	6.5
Catholic	3.8	3.8
Eastern Orthodox	0.2	0.2
Other Christian	0.5	0.5
Judaism	1.1	1.1
Other faiths	2.7	2.7
Irreligion	12.8	12.8
Nothing in particular	6.2	6.2
Agnostic	3.9	3.9
Atheist	.2	0.2
Don't know or didn't state	0.6	0.6

The ancient Emerstarians followed Emerstrú and Scanian paganism, but as early as AD 69, Christianity began to spread into Emerstari. By the 11th century, most indigenous religion and practices were prohibited. After Georg I Erik's ascension to the throne of Emerstari in 1444, the Protestant reformation began in Emerstari and Lutheranism was made the state religion.

At the end of 2018, the Church of Emerstari reported that 71.6% of Emerstarians were members thereof, and the Emerstarian Census Office reported that 84.4% of the population was Christian. There is 12.8% of the population that is irreligious, and 0.6% of the population refused to state. Besides irreligion, the second-largest is Judaism with 1.1% of the population.

In a 2006 poll, Emerstarian respondents stated that:

• 87% believed there is a God
• 5% believed there is some sort of god, spirit, or life force
• 8% did not believe in any sort of god, spirit, or life force

Health

Emerstarians have an average life expectancy of 82.05 years at birth (men, 80.1 years; women, 84 years). In 2012, the infant mortality rate was 2.5 per 1,000 live births. The principal cause of death in 2015, was cardiovascular disease followed by various types of cancer, and the most deleterious risk factor was tobacco chewing.

Healthcare coverage in Emerstari is not universal on a national level; however, each of the Emerstarian states has a public healthcare system funded primarily by taxes. Despite this, 39% of Emerstarian adults have private health insurance.

Education

Uppsalle University, founded in 1450, is the oldest university in Emerstari

Public education in Emerstari free for citizens; although, if you go to a school outside of your district, there is tuition. The academic year two semesters: from August to December, with a break in fall; from December to July, with a break in spring. Education is administered by counties and municipalities but regulated by states and the Emerstarian Department of Education. Children from ages 6 to 15 are required to go to school, but most students will continue until age 18 in a three-year-long secondary school. In 2014, 49% of Emerstarian children attended public county schools, 31% attended public church-affiliated schools, 14% attended private schools, and 8% were homeschooled.

There are 104 universities and colleges in Emerstari, the oldest and largest whereof are in Uppsalle, Rensulier, Yoerk, and Malmø. In 2016, 62% of Emerstarian adults had attended a university. The Emerstarian government does not subsidize tuition, and in 2015, the average yearly tuition was:

• Public university (4 years): $3,278 or 2,927 ESK (per year)
• Private university (4 years): $11,382 or 10,163 ESK (per year)

Culture

Music

A traditional Emerstarian fiddle

The classical music of romantic composers Vilhelm Karl Stenhammer, Frederik Johann Gustafssen, and Ingvar Valter Kjellstrom greatly influenced Scanian music in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Classical music still thrives in Emerstari today; of Emerstarian composers today, the most prominent is Nathanael Donner Førkening.

Emerstari also has a strong folk music tradition based upon simple string instruments, wooden flutes, and drums. Additionally, other forms of Emerstarian music derived from folk music are thriving, particularly Landsmusik (English: country music). Prominent musicians of these genres include Anders Joergen Årnes, Kristien Olaf Landberg, and Katarin Johanna Karlsson.

Some of the most internationally recognized bands from Emerstari include der Ørner and Ylvas. Der Ørner was a rock group that gained fame in the 1970s; it still remains successful both domestically and elsewhere.

Literature

The history of Emerstarian literature begins with the Emerstarian sagas and poems written from the first century to the ninth; one of the most famous Emerstarian works of literature comes from this period, Hrefneljers Saga. With the unification of Emerstari, came another era of Emerstarian literature (from 1000 until 1600), and famous works from this period include Emeriges Historie, Eirikrssaga, and Skuggsja.

Little Emerstarian literature of note came out of the 1600s, but upon the ascension of Ervin III Karl, there was a resurgence of literature. Among Emerstarian books from this period are Hans's Aventyrer til Några der Varlds Okendtriker and Frederik Kierke. In the 19th century, came the Emerstarian Golden Age, and some of the most famous Emerstarian authors and works of literature come out of this era: Hans Birger Anderssen, Baron of Fjyllen, Henrik Johann Nordin, and Kals Rigsburg.

Philosophy

Emerstarian philosophy has a long tradition as part of Scanian philosophy. The most influential Emerstarian philosopher was perhaps David Fillip Feldtgård who influenced other Scanian philosophers such as Jean-Baptiste DePoiy and Vladimir Oulensky.

Art and photography

På der Vernijskflod (On the Vernij River) by Karl Johann Dal

For an extended period, Emerstarian art was dominated by Canaria and Roele. It was not until the eighteenth century that a truly Emerstarian era began, first with portraits of mostly the nobility, and then of impressive landscapes. Some of Emerstari's most prominent portrait painters were Jakob David Engfeld and Lorens Olaf Erikssen; painter Karl Johann Dal gained prominence in the early nineteenth century for his landscapes.

Emerstarian photography has developed from strong participation and interest since the very beginnings of photography. Throughout the nineteenth century, photography gained prominence in Emerstari through the rise of national newspapers. Today, Emerstarian photographers Jakob Bjorn Ljundburg and Astrid Klasa Johannssen participate in key exhibitions around Arda en' Estel and the world.

Architecture

Construction for Rensulier Palace began in 1715 and concluded in 1721

With expansive forests, many of the earliest Emerstarian buildings that still survive are made of wood and include stave churches built throughout the Middle Ages. Stone castles and churches did, however, still exist in Emerstari during this period. The base for Koppingburg Cathedral was set in 1227 of limestone, but the building took 239 years to finish. In the 1400s, stone and brick cathedrals and palaces became increasingly common.

In the next several centuries thereafter, Emerstari was dominated with Baroque and Rococo architecture. Notable projects from that period include Rensulier Palace, Uppsalle University and Kuingsholm Castle. The 20th century brought along new architectural styles including Scanian classicism and national romanticism.

Cuisine

Emerstari's culinary traditions show the influence of long seafaring and farming traditions, with salmon (fresh and cured), herring (pickled or marinated), trout, codfish, and other seafood balanced by cheeses, dairy products, and breads. Vegetables such as cabbage, lettuce, carrots, and potatoes also are commonplace in Emerstari cuisine; however, fruits exist in few traditional recipes.

Karl Mikael Olafssen's 1904 illustration Der Kristusdegbord

A Kristusdegbord (Emerstarian: Christmas table) is a traditional three-course dinner served on Christmas Eve in Emerstari. The first course typically may be a variety of fish, especially herring and salmon and eel, with potatoes or other vegetables. This is typically accompanied by snaps, brænnvin, or akvavit.

Holidays

Apart from traditional Protestant Christian holidays such as Christmas, which is one of the most important holidays in Emerstari, Emerstari also celebrates some unique holidays of a pre-Christian origin. These include Midsommer celebrating the summer solstice and Valborgsnicht on 30 April. St. Nicholas Day on 6 December is widely acknowledged as the traditional beginning to the month-long Christmas season.

Media

Emerstarian mass media dates back to the 1540s when handwritten fly sheets reported on the news. The 1756 constitution established freedom of the press, and newspapers flourished in Emerstari in the 19th century, usually tied to one or another political party, trade union, or city. Today, Emerstarians are among the greatest consumers of newspapers in the world, and nearly every town is served by a local paper. The country's largest newspapers are the Rensulier Postett, the Kuingsblad, the Yoerk Kronikke, and the Ljund Postett. The four major broadcasters in Emerstari are the Riksudsending Kompagne (RSK), Emerigesudsending Kompagne (ESK), Osternudsending Kompagne (OSK), and the Bjorn I. Karlsson Udsending Kompagne (BUK).

Sports

Emerstarian tennis player Einar Villem Holm

Sports are a central part of Emerstarian culture, and popular sports include golf, gårdboll, soccer, skiing, horse sports, track and field, bandy, handball, and cycling. Chess is also gaining popularity in Emerstari.

The Emerstarian national men's bandy team, affectionately known as the Tred Kroner, is regarded as the best in Scania, and it has won in the winter Hastiludia twelve times. The Emerstarian national gårdboll team has also seen success in the past, winning in four summer Hastiludias. Famous Emerstarian athletes include Einar Villem Holm, Mikael Per Strandberg, Andrea Sonja Eriksson, and Olaf Thomes Frederiksson.

Emerstari has hosted the 1915, 1931, 1936, 1957, 1969, 1981, 1993, 2011, and 2017 Hastiludias.

Tourism

Emerstari is one of the more visited countries in Scania, but tourism in Emerstari is seasonal, with more than half of all tourists visiting between May and August. In 2014, tourism contributed 4.2% of the Emerstarian GDP.

The main attractions in Emerstari are the varied landscapes that extend across the Arctic Circle as well as its historical cathedrals and palaces. Popular tourist destinations in Emerstari include ski resorts in Marland, the capitals of Coronet and Rensulier, Yoerk, Uppsalle, and Hoonderstad.