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[[File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-10246,_England,_Arbeitslose_vor_Gewerkschaftshaus.jpg|350px|right|thumb|Unemployed workers outside a business in [[Weisstadt]], [[Werania]], in 1917.]]
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix  =
| name              = Eduard Olsov<br>{{small|{{nobold|Едуард Ольсов}}}}
| image              = Tisza_Kálmán_Horowitz.jpg
| image_size        = 235px
| caption            = Olsov in 1884
| order              =
| office            = [[President of Soravia]]{{ref label|a|a}}
| status            =  <!--If this is specified, overrides Incumbent.-->
| term_start        = January 4, 1857
| term_end          = June 9, 1890
| premier = [[Robert Marinin]] {{small|(1856–70)}}<br>[[Anton Gavel Yemelin]] {{small|(1870–90)}}
| predecessor        = ''Position created''
| successor          = [[Vasily Isayev]]
| birth_date      = {{Birth date|1821|5|19}}
| birth_place    = [[Syrnitsa]], [[Soravian Empire|Lushkina Governorate]], [[Soravian Empire|Soravia]]
| death_date      = {{Death date and age|1890|6|9|1821|5|19}}
| death_place    = [[Patovatra]], [[Soravia|Pavatria]], [[Soravia]]
| death_cause    =  <!-- should only be included when the cause of death has significance for the subject's notability -->
| resting_place  =
| resting_place_coordinates =
| citizenship    =  <!-- use only when necessary per [[WP:INFONAT]] -->
| nationality    =  <!-- use only when necessary per [[WP:INFONAT]] -->
| party          = {{wp|Political independent|Independent}}
| otherparty      =  <!--For additional political affiliations-->
| height          =  <!-- "X cm", "X m"  or "X ft Y in" plus optional reference (conversions are automatic) -->
| spouse          =
| partner        =  <!--For those with a domestic partner and not married-->
| relations      =
| children        =
| parents        =  <!-- overrides mother and father parameters -->
| mother          =  <!-- may be used (optionally with father parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) -->
| father          =  <!-- may be used (optionally with mother parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) -->
| relatives      =
| residence      =
| education      = [[University of Damesbridge]]
| alma_mater      =
| occupation      =
| profession      =
| known_for      =
| salary          =
| cabinet        =
}}


The '''Great Collapse''' was a significant period of worldwide economic downturn during the early 20th century, affecting most countries across all continents. The Great Collapse began in 1913 with the collapse of the [[Weisstadt Stock Exchange]], at the time the world's largest, on October 16, 1913, which sent stock prices plummeting, particularly those in [[Euclea]]. The [[Sunrosian Monarchy]], a quickly industrialising economy, defaulting on its debts is also considered by economists to be a major cause of the Great Collapse, particularly around the period of the [[Airdale War]].  
'''Eduard Olsov''' (May 19, 1821 – June 9, 1890) was a [[Soravia|Soravian]] politician and revolutionary who served as the first [[president of Soravia]] from 1856 to his death in 1890. Having been one of the leading figures of the [[Soravian Revolution]], Olsov's administration oversaw a number of sweeping changes in Soravian society, including the {{wp|abolition of slavery|abolition of slavery, serfdom}} and {{wp|corporal punishment}}, the adoption of the {{wp|gold standard}}, {{wp|local government|local ethnic self-governance}}, the {{wp|suffrage|expansion of suffrage}}, and the ratification of Soravia's first {{wp|constitution}}, which persists as the country's {{wp|supreme law}}. His 33 year-long tenure is one of the longest by a non-royal {{wp|head of state}}.


The quickly fluctuating prices spread to many of Euclea's largest cities, and impacted heavily industrialised countries particularly badly. The Great Collapse is generally said to have ended at the start of the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]] in 1926, although evidence of major economies recovering was observed as early as 1919. To this day, the Great Collapse is the largest depression, both by economic loss and future impact, in history.
Olsov was born into a devoutly [[Episemialist Church|Episemialist]] and wealthy family in 1821. He studied at the [[University of Damesbridge]] until 1843, when he returned to Soravia and worked as a writer for ''[[Soravia|Gazeta]]'' in [[Samistopol]]. Olsov was initially supportive of the [[Emperor of Soravia|Soravian monarchy]], but wrote extensively on political, particularly democratic, reforms in the country. He began to embrace {{wp|republicanism}} during the [[War of the Triple Alliance]], and was part of a clique of journalists who reported on the war for the paper. As a chief writer, he was well-known in Samistopol, but was fired for his support of the [[Borzhava Mutiny]] in January 1856. Olsov ultimately fully embraced republican politics, and led the large-scale liberal revolt in Samistopol as [[Matvei Mikhailitsyn|Count Mikhailitsyn]] was simultaneously assassinated in [[Kholmogory]]. After a compromise with the autonomist forces of [[Robert Marinin]], Olsov was elected as Soravia's first president by the [[National Congress (Soravia)|National Congress]] on January 4, 1857, with Marinin becoming the first [[Minister-President of Soravia|minister-president]].  


The Great Collapse was amplified by the sharp decline in international trade experienced by most Euclean countries as goods and services began to be preserved around 1914, severely affecting countries reliant on international trade, causing worldwide tariffs to rise drastically. Due to this, many trading jobs, such as import and export-related jobs, began extremely fragile, and large amounts of unemployment were seen in these sectors. Physical labour and agricultural jobs were also hit particularly hard by the Collapse, with countries relying on large agricultural outputs, particularly [[Narozalica]] in Euclea, experiencing large amounts of economic decline.
Soravia was divided into a series of federal states in 1857, with a strong emphasis on local governance backed by a strong {{wp|head of state}}. Olsov served initially as the president of Soravia, [[Chistovodia]] and [[Vinalia]] which were united in {{wp|confederation}} with the Soravian mainland. His administration attempted to extend suffrage to free non-whites in Asteria, resulting in the [[Chistovinalian declaration of independence]] which was largely uncontested by Soravia. Olsov led the final {{wp|abolition of slavery|abolition of slavery and serfdom}} in 1865, followed by the {{wp|corporal punishment|abolition of corporal punishment}} in 1883. The death of Marinin in 1870 saw [[Anton Gavel Yemelin]] become minister-president, and gradually the two centralised power in the presidency and away from local governments. He died in office in 1890.


== Cause ==
Olsov's legacy as president has been controversial. He is generally rated very highly within Soravia, praised for his modernising reforms that brought Soravia from an antiquated and fractured state back to one of Euclea's foremost powers. Historians abroad, however, criticise him for eroding the democratic traditions that were established after the revolution in favour of a dictatorial {{wp|head of state}}.


== Spread ==
== Notes ==
 
{{note|a}}a. Styled officially as ''President of Soravia and Chistovodia and Vinalia'' from 1857 to 1859.
== Socio-economic effects ==
=== Euclea ===
==== Narozalica ====
[[File:1led0513adalen.jpg|200px|right|thumb|A workers' rally against the policies of Freček in Koskov, 1919.]]
In 1913, Narozalica's main exports consisted of agricultural and industrial products. As such, it was hit badly by the Great Collapse, with unemployment reaching as high as 27% in 1918, including a record-high 39% in [[Velzemia]], then a part of the empire, in the same year. Civil unrest increased within the empire throughout the 1910s and in the 1920s, with President [[Artyom Freček]] being voted out significantly by the populace for his poor policies regarding the Collapse, to be replaced with the incumbent [[Vladislav Pudovkin]]. Pudovkin created funds to help the unemployed and struggling, and employed many people in producing military equipment for the Narozalic Armed Forces, with an estimated 7% of the workforce being employed by the government's military camps in 1923. Increases in poultry and meat produce in the mid-1920s allowed the Narozalic economy to post its first positive numbers in December 1924, the first time economic growth had been witnessed since 1913.
 
Pudovkin's economic policies are often considered {{wp|autarky}} due to the sharp decrease in international trade that followed, as well as the policies of self-reliance that emerged throughout Narozalica's western Euclean sphere, mainly within the empire itself, but included some other countries such as [[Amathia]], who also experienced significant economic decline due to the Collapse.
 
=== Coius ===
 
=== Asterias and Sublustria ===
 
== Recovery ==

Latest revision as of 09:48, 15 December 2023

Eduard Olsov
Едуард Ольсов
Tisza Kálmán Horowitz.jpg
Olsov in 1884
President of Soravia[a]
In office
January 4, 1857 – June 9, 1890
PremierRobert Marinin (1856–70)
Anton Gavel Yemelin (1870–90)
Preceded byPosition created
Succeeded byVasily Isayev
Personal details
Born(1821-05-19)May 19, 1821
Syrnitsa, Lushkina Governorate, Soravia
DiedJune 9, 1890(1890-06-09) (aged 69)
Patovatra, Pavatria, Soravia
Political partyIndependent
EducationUniversity of Damesbridge

Eduard Olsov (May 19, 1821 – June 9, 1890) was a Soravian politician and revolutionary who served as the first president of Soravia from 1856 to his death in 1890. Having been one of the leading figures of the Soravian Revolution, Olsov's administration oversaw a number of sweeping changes in Soravian society, including the abolition of slavery, serfdom and corporal punishment, the adoption of the gold standard, local ethnic self-governance, the expansion of suffrage, and the ratification of Soravia's first constitution, which persists as the country's supreme law. His 33 year-long tenure is one of the longest by a non-royal head of state.

Olsov was born into a devoutly Episemialist and wealthy family in 1821. He studied at the University of Damesbridge until 1843, when he returned to Soravia and worked as a writer for Gazeta in Samistopol. Olsov was initially supportive of the Soravian monarchy, but wrote extensively on political, particularly democratic, reforms in the country. He began to embrace republicanism during the War of the Triple Alliance, and was part of a clique of journalists who reported on the war for the paper. As a chief writer, he was well-known in Samistopol, but was fired for his support of the Borzhava Mutiny in January 1856. Olsov ultimately fully embraced republican politics, and led the large-scale liberal revolt in Samistopol as Count Mikhailitsyn was simultaneously assassinated in Kholmogory. After a compromise with the autonomist forces of Robert Marinin, Olsov was elected as Soravia's first president by the National Congress on January 4, 1857, with Marinin becoming the first minister-president.

Soravia was divided into a series of federal states in 1857, with a strong emphasis on local governance backed by a strong head of state. Olsov served initially as the president of Soravia, Chistovodia and Vinalia which were united in confederation with the Soravian mainland. His administration attempted to extend suffrage to free non-whites in Asteria, resulting in the Chistovinalian declaration of independence which was largely uncontested by Soravia. Olsov led the final abolition of slavery and serfdom in 1865, followed by the abolition of corporal punishment in 1883. The death of Marinin in 1870 saw Anton Gavel Yemelin become minister-president, and gradually the two centralised power in the presidency and away from local governments. He died in office in 1890.

Olsov's legacy as president has been controversial. He is generally rated very highly within Soravia, praised for his modernising reforms that brought Soravia from an antiquated and fractured state back to one of Euclea's foremost powers. Historians abroad, however, criticise him for eroding the democratic traditions that were established after the revolution in favour of a dictatorial head of state.

Notes

^ a. Styled officially as President of Soravia and Chistovodia and Vinalia from 1857 to 1859.

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