User:Pricey/Sandbox1: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
No edit summary
 
(25 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{WIP}}{{multiple image|total_width = 300
{{Infobox officeholder
| image1 = Pierre_Sicaud.jpg
| honorific_prefix  =
| width1 = 150px
| name              = Eduard Olsov<br>{{small|{{nobold|Едуард Ольсов}}}}
| image2 = Lord_Stanley.jpg
| image             = Tisza_Kálmán_Horowitz.jpg
| width2 = 150px
| image_size        = 235px
| footer = [[Astor Archembault]] (left) and [[Constantin Laflèche]] (right) were the principal proprietors of ''indigène'' in the 1930s as part of the [[Garambura|New National Party]].
| caption            = Olsov in 1884
| order              =  
| office            = [[President of Soravia]]{{ref label|a|a}}
| status            =  <!--If this is specified, overrides Incumbent.-->
| term_start        = January 4, 1857
| term_end          = June 9, 1890
| premier = [[Robert Marinin]] {{small|(1856–70)}}<br>[[Anton Gavel Yemelin]] {{small|(1870–90)}}
| predecessor        = ''Position created''
| successor          = [[Vasily Isayev]]
| birth_date      = {{Birth date|1821|5|19}}
| birth_place    = [[Syrnitsa]], [[Soravian Empire|Lushkina Governorate]], [[Soravian Empire|Soravia]]
| death_date      = {{Death date and age|1890|6|9|1821|5|19}}
| death_place    = [[Patovatra]], [[Soravia|Pavatria]], [[Soravia]]
| death_cause    =  <!-- should only be included when the cause of death has significance for the subject's notability -->
| resting_place  =
| resting_place_coordinates =
| citizenship    =  <!-- use only when necessary per [[WP:INFONAT]] -->
| nationality    =  <!-- use only when necessary per [[WP:INFONAT]] -->
| party          = {{wp|Political independent|Independent}}
| otherparty      =  <!--For additional political affiliations-->
| height          =  <!-- "X cm", "X m"  or "X ft Y in" plus optional reference (conversions are automatic) -->
| spouse          =
| partner        =  <!--For those with a domestic partner and not married-->
| relations      =
| children        =
| parents        =  <!-- overrides mother and father parameters -->
| mother          =  <!-- may be used (optionally with father parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) -->
| father          =  <!-- may be used (optionally with mother parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) -->
| relatives      =
| residence      =
| education      = [[University of Damesbridge]]
| alma_mater      =
| occupation      =
| profession      =
| known_for      =
| salary          =
| cabinet        =
}}
}}


'''''Indigène'''''; ({{wp|Help:IPA/English|/'ɒ̃:dɪʒɛn/}}, {{wp|French language|Gaullican}} for "native"); was a {{wp|theoretical}} policy of {{wp|racial segregation}} and {{wp|white supremacy}} devised by [[Chennois]] politicians [[Astor Archembault]] and [[Constantin Laflèche]] in the immediate aftermath of the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]] to govern a hypothetical independent successor state to the [[Baséland|Colony of Baséland]]. ''Indigène'' formed the fundamental politics of the brief New National Party (1934{{ndash}}1946), who were fairly popular among the wealthy, landowning Chennois demographic of [[Mambiza]] and coastal Baséland, until the party was forcefully disbanded by the [[Rwizikuru|Government of Rwizikuru]] and Archembault and Laflèche fled to the neighbouring [[Silberküste|Silberküste Colony]].
'''Eduard Olsov''' (May 19, 1821 – June 9, 1890) was a [[Soravia|Soravian]] politician and revolutionary who served as the first [[president of Soravia]] from 1856 to his death in 1890. Having been one of the leading figures of the [[Soravian Revolution]], Olsov's administration oversaw a number of sweeping changes in Soravian society, including the {{wp|abolition of slavery|abolition of slavery, serfdom}} and {{wp|corporal punishment}}, the adoption of the {{wp|gold standard}}, {{wp|local government|local ethnic self-governance}}, the {{wp|suffrage|expansion of suffrage}}, and the ratification of Soravia's first {{wp|constitution}}, which persists as the country's {{wp|supreme law}}. His 33 year-long tenure is one of the longest by a non-royal {{wp|head of state}}.


The basis of ''indigène'' was to preserve the economic and social dominance of the white population in Baséland, known as [[Chennois]], who were descended from Gaullican settlers in the 18th and 19th centuries. Through centuries of colonial government, the Chennois were elevated to immense importance in local politics and prospered at the expense of the native Bahian population. Supporters of ''indigène'' believed whites were racially superior to blacks, and believed that {{wp|racial segregation|racial co-existence}} was impossible in Baséland. The policy was popular among ex-functionalists who had fought in the war, however both Archembault and Laflèche disavowed the ideology. ''Indigènistes'' regularly collided with colonial authorities, particularly into the 1940s as the idea of independence for Baséland was becoming increasingly disregarded by Estmerish colonial authorites, who preferred to integrate the colony into [[Riziland]].
Olsov was born into a devoutly [[Episemialist Church|Episemialist]] and wealthy family in 1821. He studied at the [[University of Damesbridge]] until 1843, when he returned to Soravia and worked as a writer for ''[[Soravia|Gazeta]]'' in [[Samistopol]]. Olsov was initially supportive of the [[Emperor of Soravia|Soravian monarchy]], but wrote extensively on political, particularly democratic, reforms in the country. He began to embrace {{wp|republicanism}} during the [[War of the Triple Alliance]], and was part of a clique of journalists who reported on the war for the paper. As a chief writer, he was well-known in Samistopol, but was fired for his support of the [[Borzhava Mutiny]] in January 1856. Olsov ultimately fully embraced republican politics, and led the large-scale liberal revolt in Samistopol as [[Matvei Mikhailitsyn|Count Mikhailitsyn]] was simultaneously assassinated in [[Kholmogory]]. After a compromise with the autonomist forces of [[Robert Marinin]], Olsov was elected as Soravia's first president by the [[National Congress (Soravia)|National Congress]] on January 4, 1857, with Marinin becoming the first [[Minister-President of Soravia|minister-president]].  


The New National Party was banned by the Government of Rwizikuru in 1946, and forcefully disbanded a few days afterwards. Members of the party were arrested and their supporters cracked down on by the newly-independent country. Archembault and Laflèche went into hiding shortly after the party was banned, eventually fleeing and resurfacing in the [[Silberküste]], a colony of [[Werania]], in 1947, before emigrating to mainland Werania in 1950, where both of them lived out the rest of their lives.
Soravia was divided into a series of federal states in 1857, with a strong emphasis on local governance backed by a strong {{wp|head of state}}. Olsov served initially as the president of Soravia, [[Chistovodia]] and [[Vinalia]] which were united in {{wp|confederation}} with the Soravian mainland. His administration attempted to extend suffrage to free non-whites in Asteria, resulting in the [[Chistovinalian declaration of independence]] which was largely uncontested by Soravia. Olsov led the final {{wp|abolition of slavery|abolition of slavery and serfdom}} in 1865, followed by the {{wp|corporal punishment|abolition of corporal punishment}} in 1883. The death of Marinin in 1870 saw [[Anton Gavel Yemelin]] become minister-president, and gradually the two centralised power in the presidency and away from local governments. He died in office in 1890.


== Racial policy in Baséland ==
Olsov's legacy as president has been controversial. He is generally rated very highly within Soravia, praised for his modernising reforms that brought Soravia from an antiquated and fractured state back to one of Euclea's foremost powers. Historians abroad, however, criticise him for eroding the democratic traditions that were established after the revolution in favour of a dictatorial {{wp|head of state}}.
{{also|Baséland}}


=== Segregation ===
== Notes ==
 
{{note|a}}a. Styled officially as ''President of Soravia and Chistovodia and Vinalia'' from 1857 to 1859.
== Effects of the war on racial theory ==
=== ''Tirailleurs bahiens'' ===
 
=== Bahian labourers ===
 
=== Conscription ===
[[File:Lionel_Thibault.jpg|200px|thumb|right|Lionel Thibault]]
During the war, [[Functionalist Gaullica]] employed a widespread policy of national conscription of both white Gaullicans and native populations. ''Indigènistes'' disavowed the idea of white [[Chennois]] conscription into Gaullican armies to fight elsewhere as they believed the place and status of a (usually male) Chennois person in society would ultimately be fulfilled by native Bahians, eventually displacing enough Chennoise to overcome to ethnic economic and social divide in Baséland. Archembault in particularly was a staunch anti-conscription advocate for white Chennoise in Baséland, and was arrested multiple times by functionalist authorities for actions with intent to cause public disorder protesting the conscription laws in Gaullican colonies in the 1930s.
 
The ethnically-based anti-conscription ideology of Archembault made its way into the political manifesto of the NPN and the mainstream thought of ''indigène'' in 1935. The NPN wished to introduce {{wp|voluntary service}} in Baséland for white males, while retaining limited conscription for black males of the ''tirailleurs bahiens''. Some more extreme ''indigènistes'' disavowed the party's view on conscription along ethnic lines as they disliked the idea of Basé forces, mainly frontline infantrymen, consisting primarily of Bahian conscripts. Lionel Thibault, a Gaullican soldier in the war absolved of his participation in war crimes by an international tribunal three months prior, commented on the ''ad hoc'' conscription laws as they currently were at the party's first annual congress.
 
{{quotation|One cannot simply believe that the idea of national conscription in times of need can be construed as a negative policy for our land and our people. We must promote, congratulate and embolden our frontline men, for they are to embark on an honourable and prideful journey fit only for the men God intended to settle and rule these lands. It is impossible to say that our country will be represented as honourably and as good as it can be on the frontlines with a force made of the negro man.|Lionel Thibault, ''I Congrès du nouveau parti national''}}
 
Generally, members of the NPN as well as ''indigènistes'' supported the Archembaultine view on conscription, including Laflèche. Thibaultine factions of the party continued to exist, however, despite conscription being a fairly un-polarising issue in the grand scheme of the party's politics.
 
=== Rejection of the circular model of prejudice ===
The interwar period saw Baséland transferred over to the ownership of the [[Estmere|Federated Republics of Estmere]], who already owned substantial Bahian colonies, including the neighbouring [[Colony of Riziland]]. Racial scientists of the early 20th century had previously categorised racism in Estmere into the "circle system", which comprised of circles centred around the Amendist Estmerish people in the centre, religious and cultural demographics would gradually form circles increasingly distanced from the centre corresponding to the amount and frequency of racial prejudice experienced within Estmere. Inner circles generally consisted of Sotirians from the general Weranic area of north-eastern Euclea, eventually progressing towards [[Solarian Catholic Church|Catholic]] {{wp|romance peoples}} and eventually [[Episemialist Church|Episemialist]] {{wp|slavs|Marolevic peoples}}.
 
The circle system was a revered and widely-accepted model of prejudice by racial scentists, racial theorists and ethnographers, but Gaullican and Basé racial scientists argued this method was only applicable in the context of mainland Estmere, and took no consideration of the polarising and divided racial relations of the world's colonial states. Philosopher Jean-Christophe Sadoul and ethnographer and racial theorist Josselin Azéma proposed that racism in the colonies was experienced along a definitive racial line between whites and blacks, an observation backed by the NPN in their manifesto and studies.
 
Azéma's and Sadoul's assessment of racism in the colonies of Bahia and rejection of the traditional Estmerish circular model gave weight to and amplified the NPN's and ''indigènistes's'' calls for segregation in Baséland. Laflèche, also a philosopher, argued that an unsegregated colonial society would stagnate based on the observations of Azéma and Sadoul in colonial race relations. He also proposed that whites and blacks differed fundamentally, which became a large part of the reasoning for segregation that came with ''indigène'', which was why race relations were so polarising in the colonies, where native Bahians formed a large majority, as opposed to in mainland Euclea, where Bahian residents were highly assimilated and Eucleanised.
 
=== Policy in Riziland ===
 
== Fundamental policies ==
=== Racial segregation ===
==== Education ====
 
==== Civil code ====
 
==== ''Parapluie ethnique'' ====
 
=== Disenfranchisement ===
 
=== Prohibition of non-white immigration ===
 
=== Deportations and relocations ===
 
== Decline ==
=== Denial of Basé independence ===
 
=== Banning and disbanding of the NPN ===
 
=== Rwizikuran crackdown on ''indigènistes'' ===
 
=== Leaders flee to Silberküste ===
 
== Legacy ==

Latest revision as of 09:48, 15 December 2023

Eduard Olsov
Едуард Ольсов
Tisza Kálmán Horowitz.jpg
Olsov in 1884
President of Soravia[a]
In office
January 4, 1857 – June 9, 1890
PremierRobert Marinin (1856–70)
Anton Gavel Yemelin (1870–90)
Preceded byPosition created
Succeeded byVasily Isayev
Personal details
Born(1821-05-19)May 19, 1821
Syrnitsa, Lushkina Governorate, Soravia
DiedJune 9, 1890(1890-06-09) (aged 69)
Patovatra, Pavatria, Soravia
Political partyIndependent
EducationUniversity of Damesbridge

Eduard Olsov (May 19, 1821 – June 9, 1890) was a Soravian politician and revolutionary who served as the first president of Soravia from 1856 to his death in 1890. Having been one of the leading figures of the Soravian Revolution, Olsov's administration oversaw a number of sweeping changes in Soravian society, including the abolition of slavery, serfdom and corporal punishment, the adoption of the gold standard, local ethnic self-governance, the expansion of suffrage, and the ratification of Soravia's first constitution, which persists as the country's supreme law. His 33 year-long tenure is one of the longest by a non-royal head of state.

Olsov was born into a devoutly Episemialist and wealthy family in 1821. He studied at the University of Damesbridge until 1843, when he returned to Soravia and worked as a writer for Gazeta in Samistopol. Olsov was initially supportive of the Soravian monarchy, but wrote extensively on political, particularly democratic, reforms in the country. He began to embrace republicanism during the War of the Triple Alliance, and was part of a clique of journalists who reported on the war for the paper. As a chief writer, he was well-known in Samistopol, but was fired for his support of the Borzhava Mutiny in January 1856. Olsov ultimately fully embraced republican politics, and led the large-scale liberal revolt in Samistopol as Count Mikhailitsyn was simultaneously assassinated in Kholmogory. After a compromise with the autonomist forces of Robert Marinin, Olsov was elected as Soravia's first president by the National Congress on January 4, 1857, with Marinin becoming the first minister-president.

Soravia was divided into a series of federal states in 1857, with a strong emphasis on local governance backed by a strong head of state. Olsov served initially as the president of Soravia, Chistovodia and Vinalia which were united in confederation with the Soravian mainland. His administration attempted to extend suffrage to free non-whites in Asteria, resulting in the Chistovinalian declaration of independence which was largely uncontested by Soravia. Olsov led the final abolition of slavery and serfdom in 1865, followed by the abolition of corporal punishment in 1883. The death of Marinin in 1870 saw Anton Gavel Yemelin become minister-president, and gradually the two centralised power in the presidency and away from local governments. He died in office in 1890.

Olsov's legacy as president has been controversial. He is generally rated very highly within Soravia, praised for his modernising reforms that brought Soravia from an antiquated and fractured state back to one of Euclea's foremost powers. Historians abroad, however, criticise him for eroding the democratic traditions that were established after the revolution in favour of a dictatorial head of state.

Notes

^ a. Styled officially as President of Soravia and Chistovodia and Vinalia from 1857 to 1859.

Retrieved from "https://iiwiki.us/mediawiki/index.php?title=User:Pricey/Sandbox1&oldid=742678"