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In 1512, following the events of the Great Navigations in America, the {{wp|Spain|Spanish}} found a territory in the south of what the Portuguese had found, that territory being around the region of current city '''Ivoti'''. Taking advantage of the ''{{wp|Treaty of Tordesillas}}'', they decided to take over that small southern part of Brazil and made it their colony. With that event, the ''Bugrenenses'' were extinct, while very few of them moved to an even southern region that wasn't being invaded yet. As a colony of the {{wp|Spanish Empire}}, this was one of the longest phases of Trenadian history, lasting almost exactly 250 years. However, it would end in 1763, when the Trenadians became officially a dominion of the empire. | In 1512, following the events of the Great Navigations in America, the {{wp|Spain|Spanish}} found a territory in the south of what the Portuguese had found, that territory being around the region of current city '''Ivoti'''. Taking advantage of the ''{{wp|Treaty of Tordesillas}}'', they decided to take over that small southern part of Brazil and made it their colony. With that event, the ''Bugrenenses'' were extinct, while very few of them moved to an even southern region that wasn't being invaded yet. As a colony of the {{wp|Spanish Empire}}, this was one of the longest phases of Trenadian history, lasting almost exactly 250 years. However, it would end in 1763, when the Trenadians became officially a dominion of the empire. | ||
=== The Dominion of Trenado (1763-1807) === | === The Dominion of Trenado (1763-1807) === | ||
As a dominion of the Spanish, the region got richer due to the production of raw material such as {{wp|Coffee|coffee}} and {{wp|Sugar|sugar}}, however was also one of the powerhouses for slave-trading not only for them, but also for other European empires to make more money off Trenado. Once colonized, the country was vastly occupied by the {{wp|Galicia (Spain)|galician bourgeoisie}}. The official flag given had 4 stars, representing the four rulers of the Trenadian colony who passed away between 1512 and 1763. The dominion period is often disregarded on its own, and rather considered a big step forward for the nation to gain its independence. The process of sovereignty started in the early 19th century, being led majorly by then-general Román Bocanegra and a military group of republicans. In May, 1807, Román and a group of rebellious soldiers marched for 104 kilometers, from [[Osorio]] to {{wp|Porto Alegre}} to shout an independence chant | As a dominion of the Spanish, the region got richer due to the production of raw material such as {{wp|Coffee|coffee}} and {{wp|Sugar|sugar}}, however was also one of the powerhouses for slave-trading not only for them, but also for other European empires to make more money off Trenado. Once colonized, the country was vastly occupied by the {{wp|Galicia (Spain)|galician bourgeoisie}}. The official flag given had 4 stars, representing the four rulers of the Trenadian colony who passed away between 1512 and 1763. The dominion period is often disregarded on its own, and rather considered a big step forward for the nation to gain its independence. The process of sovereignty started in the early 19th century, being led majorly by then-general [[Román Bocanegra]] and a military group of republicans. In May, 1807, Román and a group of rebellious soldiers marched for 104 kilometers, from [[Osorio]] to {{wp|Porto Alegre}} to shout an independence chant against the Spanish Empire, and then fire towards the windows of the main Trenadian palace using shotguns. | ||
{{Quote|text=A prosperidade é o camiño cara á vitoria! Devólvenos a nosa liberdade, porque xa non seremos escravos dos totalitarios!|author=Román Bocanegra}} | {{Quote|text=A prosperidade é o camiño cara á vitoria! Devólvenos a nosa liberdade, porque xa non seremos escravos dos totalitarios!|author=Román Bocanegra}} | ||
[[File:'Self-portrait' by George Peter Alexander Healy, High Museum.JPG|thumb|left|250px|Portrait of Román Bocanegra, c. 1820]] | [[File:'Self-portrait' by George Peter Alexander Healy, High Museum.JPG|thumb|left|250px|Portrait of Román Bocanegra, c. 1820]] | ||
The | The phrase became the motto of the nation, after the Spanish aristocracy knew it'd be dangerous to keep them as a dependent territory, and gave in, consolidating the Trenadian independence, on the night of the 3rd of May. Thus began the [[Trenadian Revolution]], leading to the international recognition of the country a year later, on 8 August 1808. | ||
=== The First Republic (1807-1932) === | === The First Republic (1807-1932) === | ||
The First Trenadian Republic would be the first era of the now-independent nation, lasting for over a century. Abraham Saabedra was the first elected president after indirect elections within the Army, being the first and only president officially recognized without a political party{{efn|Bento Godoy Pineiro took office as President on 4 August 1932 without a political party, but he is not counted as an official chief executive in the gallery of Presidents of the Republic.}} - before the foundation of the Republican, Libertarian and Reformist parties in 1808. For the first three decades, the Trenadian government struggled with the economy: as being independent from Spain left a mark on the national market, it was necessary to take several diplomatic actions in order to negotiate in favorable ways for the country. In the 1832 elections, the first elected Reformist president (Tomas Figueredo) created four economic plans in order to keep the country stable and focus on social issues without the necessity of authoritarian sacrifices. The ''Ábrega plans'', named after then-minister Luis Ábrega, focused on a development starting from agriculture and slowly building up industrial status with factories, universities and railways.<br /> | The First Trenadian Republic would be the first era of the now-independent nation, lasting for over a century. [[Abraham Saabedra]] was the first elected president after indirect elections within the Army, being the first and only president officially recognized without a political party{{efn|Bento Godoy Pineiro took office as President on 4 August 1932 without a political party, but he is not counted as an official chief executive in the gallery of Presidents of the Republic.}} - before the foundation of the Republican, Libertarian and Reformist parties in 1808. For the first three decades, the Trenadian government struggled with the economy: as being independent from Spain left a mark on the national market, it was necessary to take several diplomatic actions in order to negotiate in favorable ways for the country. In the 1832 elections, the first elected Reformist president (Tomas Figueredo) created four economic plans in order to keep the country stable and focus on social issues without the necessity of authoritarian sacrifices. The ''Ábrega plans'', named after then-minister Luis Ábrega, focused on a development starting from agriculture and slowly building up industrial status with factories, universities and railways.<br /> | ||
In the 1836 elections, Moises Bernabe Vasquez was chosen as new president, and his economic plans followed the progress done by the Figueredo administration - while focusing on the population's quality of life with more schools and health research. Moises' socially liberal vision was impactful in officially abolishing slavery with the [[Theresa Proposal]], on 8 May 1841. Although controversial at the time, the Vasquez administration gained respect in the international human rights community, and the president would be considered "one of the greatest Trenadians of all-time" according to researches in the following centuries. The government also allowed for a multipartisan political system to function, as opposed to the three-party system founded in 1808.<br /> | In the 1836 elections, [[Moises Bernabe Vasquez]] was chosen as new president, and his economic plans followed the progress done by the Figueredo administration - while focusing on the population's quality of life with more schools and health research. Moises' socially liberal vision was impactful in officially abolishing slavery with the [[Theresa Proposal]], on 8 May 1841. Although controversial at the time, the Vasquez administration gained respect in the international human rights community, and the president would be considered "one of the greatest Trenadians of all-time" according to researches in the following centuries. The government also allowed for a multipartisan political system to function, as opposed to the three-party system founded in 1808.<br /> | ||
[[File:"Business is business" - Ehrhart. LCCN2011645538.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Drawing made in 1841, criticizing the Vasquez administration for exploring the idea of human rights while making the maximum amount of money possible.]] | [[File:"Business is business" - Ehrhart. LCCN2011645538.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Drawing made in 1841, criticizing the Vasquez administration for exploring the idea of human rights while making the maximum amount of money possible.]] | ||
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=== The Integralist Republic (1932-1946) === | === The Integralist Republic (1932-1946) === | ||
Then-president Salomon Aguilar was deposed, and the country was under military rule for approximately two weeks{{efn|Unofficially, the president that took over between the Aguilar and Gonzales administrations was Bento Godoy Pineiro, though he is currently not recognized as a proper chief of State by governmental institutions.}} until internal elections within the | Then-president Salomon Aguilar was deposed, and the country was under military rule for approximately two weeks{{efn|Unofficially, the president that took over between the Aguilar and Gonzales administrations was Bento Godoy Pineiro, though he is currently not recognized as a proper chief of State by governmental institutions.}} until internal elections within the party gave way for [[Roberto Gonzales]] to become the next Trenadian leader.<br /> | ||
Roberto dealt with the staggering economic crisis by using a protectionist way of economy, nationalizing the industry and replacing imports with more exportation with higher value. While the external market did not give enough profit to the country, the substitutions led to a more industrialized and advanced form of production in Trenado. The Integralist administration also questioned the Trenadian Constitution, and proposed an authoritarian series of laws to be applied until 1935, under the impression that another executive leadership could lead to a complete imbalance in the country. And so, Gonzales became full-time president until a formal resignation, and no Executive elections would be applied for the next years in order to "maintain progress for Trenado". Between 1932 and 1946, the government made close contact with the {{wp|Axis powers|axis powers}} for economic development, though the nation would not join the {{wp|World War II|second World War}} since the Integralists allegedly did not agree with the {{wp|Nazi Germany|Nazis'}} practices and did not have aligned political interests with the {{wp|Empire of Japan}}.<br /> | Roberto dealt with the staggering economic crisis by using a protectionist way of economy, nationalizing the industry and replacing imports with more exportation with higher value. While the external market did not give enough profit to the country, the substitutions led to a more industrialized and advanced form of production in Trenado. The Integralist administration also questioned the Trenadian Constitution, and proposed an authoritarian series of laws to be applied until 1935, under the impression that another executive leadership could lead to a complete imbalance in the country. And so, Gonzales became full-time president until a formal resignation, and no Executive elections would be applied for the next years in order to "maintain progress for Trenado". Between 1932 and 1946, the government made close contact with the {{wp|Axis powers|axis powers}} for economic development, though the nation would not join the {{wp|World War II|second World War}} since the Integralists allegedly did not agree with the {{wp|Nazi Germany|Nazis'}} practices and did not have aligned political interests with the {{wp|Empire of Japan}}.<br /> | ||
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In the 1952 elections, Rodolfo de Sousa became the first [[Social Democracy (political party)|Social Democrat]] to be elected president, which led to the political party gaining popularity along with its radical counterparts: the [[Libertarians (Trenado)|Libertarians]]. The power being distributed between both parties in the next decades generated a political approximation to the {{wp|United States of America|United States}} during the {{wp|Cold War}}, although the latter party would be more critical of the capitalist dominance that would form dictatorships around South America. Augusto Ferreyra was the first Libertarian to be elected in 1960, year that (according to historians) "kickstarted" a big financial and social improvement for the nation after years of ostracism in the South American political sphere.<br /> | In the 1952 elections, Rodolfo de Sousa became the first [[Social Democracy (political party)|Social Democrat]] to be elected president, which led to the political party gaining popularity along with its radical counterparts: the [[Libertarians (Trenado)|Libertarians]]. The power being distributed between both parties in the next decades generated a political approximation to the {{wp|United States of America|United States}} during the {{wp|Cold War}}, although the latter party would be more critical of the capitalist dominance that would form dictatorships around South America. Augusto Ferreyra was the first Libertarian to be elected in 1960, year that (according to historians) "kickstarted" a big financial and social improvement for the nation after years of ostracism in the South American political sphere.<br /> | ||
Felix Mazon was the last Social Democrat president before a Libertarian political dynasty would sustain for the next decades. His administration was responsible for setting up further diplomatic relations and profitable exports, while seeking sufficient technology for an advanced industrialization.<br /> | [[Felix Mazon]] was the last Social Democrat president before a Libertarian political dynasty would sustain for the next decades. His administration was responsible for setting up further diplomatic relations and profitable exports, while seeking sufficient technology for an advanced industrialization.<br /> | ||
Rosemaria de Castro, elected in 1972, would be the first elected woman to preside over the country. The Castro administration is historically known for the massive rise of Trenado in the international scale, as the GDP kept up a positive percentage of 2-8% each year and the diplomatic powers of the nation would be widely recognized as courageous - denouncing both sides of the Cold War - and iconic. This period would be widely recognized as the [[Great Trenadian Miracle]], and is perceived by historians as one of the greatest moments of the Trenadian Republic.<br /> | [[Rosemaria de Castro]], elected in 1972, would be the first elected woman to preside over the country. The Castro administration is historically known for the massive rise of Trenado in the international scale, as the GDP kept up a positive percentage of 2-8% each year and the diplomatic powers of the nation would be widely recognized as courageous - denouncing both sides of the Cold War - and iconic. This period would be widely recognized as the [[Great Trenadian Miracle]], and is perceived by historians as one of the greatest moments of the Trenadian Republic.<br /> | ||
[[File:Prime Minister Kim Campbell of Canada (42-WHPO-P05407-03-1) (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|200px|President Rosemaria de Castro giving a speech at the Federal Congress, 1979.]] | [[File:Prime Minister Kim Campbell of Canada (42-WHPO-P05407-03-1) (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|200px|President Rosemaria de Castro giving a speech at the Federal Congress, 1979.]] | ||
Carlos Friedemann continued the successful economic plans of the Libertarian party during the 1980's, maintaining a close diplomatic relationship with American president {{wp|Ronald Reagan}}. During the Friedemann I administration, the country also began to embrace technology coming from the promising {{wp|Japan|Japanese}} economy, causing a massive improvement in the way of life of the Trenadians and giving the nation the title of "richest nation in South America" during the decade. In 1988, Rosemaria was elected once again, becoming the first president since Pato Pezzella to be elected twice between administrations. During her four years of executive power, Trenado would focus on its infrastructure, leading to a massive structural development of cities such as {{wp|Rivera}} and {{wp|Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul|Santamaría}}, which became economic and academic powerhouses in the continent.<br /> | [[Carlos Friedemann]] continued the successful economic plans of the Libertarian party during the 1980's, maintaining a close diplomatic relationship with American president {{wp|Ronald Reagan}}. During the Friedemann I administration, the country also began to embrace technology coming from the promising {{wp|Japan|Japanese}} economy, causing a massive improvement in the way of life of the Trenadians and giving the nation the title of "richest nation in South America" during the decade. In 1988, Rosemaria was elected once again, becoming the first president since Pato Pezzella to be elected twice between administrations. During her four years of executive power, Trenado would focus on its infrastructure, leading to a massive structural development of cities such as {{wp|Rivera}} and {{wp|Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul|Santamaría}}, which became economic and academic powerhouses in the continent.<br /> | ||
Elected in 1992, Lorenzo Sarabia (vice-president of the Castro III administration) would continue the positive succession of cabinets, with Trenado having the best HDI in the world between 1995 and 1997 (averaging ~0.892). The streak of Libertarian presidents would end during the 2000 elections, as the twenty-first century started with a [[Progressives (Trenado)|Progressive]] president: Leonardo Cuello.<br /> | Elected in 1992, [[Lorenzo Sarabia]] (vice-president of the Castro III administration) would continue the positive succession of cabinets, with Trenado having the best HDI in the world between 1995 and 1997 (averaging ~0.892). The streak of Libertarian presidents would end during the 2000 elections, as the twenty-first century started with a [[Progressives (Trenado)|Progressive]] president: [[Leonardo Cuello]].<br /> | ||
Leonardo's four year leadership would maintain the country's thriving economy thanks to the {{wp|2000s commodities boom}}, though social data would turn alarming, including the rate of unemployment rising radically during his time in office and the balancing of the national minimum wage, which would not grow for the next years. The fierce 2004 elections and scandals would lead to Libertarian candidate Elias Meléndrez not taking office due to alleged electoral fraud, causing a [[2004 Trenadian presidential crisis|presidential crisis]]. The dispute regarding the party's win against [[Conservatives (Trenado)|Conservative]] candidate Osvaldo Cervantes would continue until the following year, with no president being officially chosen due to a lack of response from the Trenadian Court of Justice until 2005. Elias' candidacy was revoked and Cervantes was chosen as the new leader, though his administration would not last for long as he resigned on 22 May 2005{{efn|Cervantes' reasoning for resigning is still disputed now, as inside sources argue he gave up due to a lack of support from the Conservative party. However, other sources determine his reasoning as being a lack of support from the executive cabinet.}} and gave way for Brandán Garcia to be the next leader.<br /> | Leonardo's four year leadership would maintain the country's thriving economy thanks to the {{wp|2000s commodities boom}}, though social data would turn alarming, including the rate of unemployment rising radically during his time in office and the balancing of the national minimum wage, which would not grow for the next years. The fierce 2004 elections and scandals would lead to Libertarian candidate Elias Meléndrez not taking office due to alleged electoral fraud, causing a [[2004 Trenadian presidential crisis|presidential crisis]]. The dispute regarding the party's win against [[Conservatives (Trenado)|Conservative]] candidate Osvaldo Cervantes would continue until the following year, with no president being officially chosen due to a lack of response from the Trenadian Court of Justice until 2005. Elias' candidacy was revoked and Cervantes was chosen as the new leader, though his administration would not last for long as he resigned on 22 May 2005{{efn|Cervantes' reasoning for resigning is still disputed now, as inside sources argue he gave up due to a lack of support from the Conservative party. However, other sources determine his reasoning as being a lack of support from the executive cabinet.}} and gave way for Brandán Garcia to be the next leader.<br /> | ||
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The political chaos of the nation would cause economic distrust, and the {{wp|2007–2008 financial crisis|2008 crash}} would further worsen the situation. With an alarming feeling of distrust, the Trenadians elected Social Democrat candidate Cristóforo Muniz as the next president. Muniz and Alex Braga Nunez's economic actions would turn out to be positive for the country, as the recession's damages were treated and caused a massive rise in imports due to the low value of the {{wp|American dollar}}. With that, came a further evolution in infrastructure that would sustain during the Marta Bellotti administration between 2012 and 2016. Though relieving, the socioeconomic situation also led to further questioning regarding the centrist leaderships of the previous years, especially with Bellotti not carrying the "torch" given by the acclaimed Sarabia I and II eras. A rise in extremist {{wp|right-wing politics}} would lead to the election of controversial candidate Roque Aguilar - from the [[National Union (Trenado)|National Union]]. Aguilar was widely criticized due to his previous leanings towards integralism and {{wp|Falangism|falangism}}, and an economic crash in early 2018 would cause even more negative reception from the population at large. Conservative vice-president Luis Fonzeca and his economic cabinet would take office and partially resolve the financial chaos by choosing to export natural material in wider amounts - though with less value, which would cause instability in the Trenadian external market.<br /> | The political chaos of the nation would cause economic distrust, and the {{wp|2007–2008 financial crisis|2008 crash}} would further worsen the situation. With an alarming feeling of distrust, the Trenadians elected Social Democrat candidate Cristóforo Muniz as the next president. Muniz and Alex Braga Nunez's economic actions would turn out to be positive for the country, as the recession's damages were treated and caused a massive rise in imports due to the low value of the {{wp|American dollar}}. With that, came a further evolution in infrastructure that would sustain during the Marta Bellotti administration between 2012 and 2016. Though relieving, the socioeconomic situation also led to further questioning regarding the centrist leaderships of the previous years, especially with Bellotti not carrying the "torch" given by the acclaimed Sarabia I and II eras. A rise in extremist {{wp|right-wing politics}} would lead to the election of controversial candidate Roque Aguilar - from the [[National Union (Trenado)|National Union]]. Aguilar was widely criticized due to his previous leanings towards integralism and {{wp|Falangism|falangism}}, and an economic crash in early 2018 would cause even more negative reception from the population at large. Conservative vice-president Luis Fonzeca and his economic cabinet would take office and partially resolve the financial chaos by choosing to export natural material in wider amounts - though with less value, which would cause instability in the Trenadian external market.<br /> | ||
Since 2020, Gonzalo Freitas has been the president, leaning towards a more balanced and socially proactive leadership to deal with the costs of the previous administrations. | Since 2020, [[Gonzalo Freitas]] has been the president, leaning towards a more balanced and socially proactive leadership to deal with the costs of the previous administrations. | ||
==Geography== | ==Geography== | ||
Trenado occupies a vast and diverse expanse of land, having borders with {{wp|Brazil}}, {{wp|Argentina}} and {{wp|Paraguay}}. The country's geography is characterized by a rich tapestry of natural wonders, encompassing rugged mountains, fertile plains, and pristine coastlines along the {{wp|Atlantic Ocean}}. | Trenado occupies a vast and diverse expanse of land, having borders with {{wp|Brazil}}, {{wp|Argentina}} and {{wp|Paraguay}}. The country's geography is characterized by a rich tapestry of natural wonders, encompassing rugged mountains, fertile plains, and pristine coastlines along the {{wp|Atlantic Ocean}}. | ||
Revision as of 19:02, 27 September 2024
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Federative Republic of Trenado República Federativa de Trenado | |
|---|---|
 Coat of arms
| |
| Motto: “Prosperidade é o Camiño Cara a Vitoria” (Galician) “Prosperity is the Way to Victory” (English) | |
| Anthem: Centinelas Trenadianas "Trenadian Sentinels"  | |
 | |
| Capital | Osorio |
| Largest city | Porto Alegre |
| Official languages | Galician |
| Ethnic groups (2021) | 70% White 14% Black 9% Pardo 7% Asian |
| Demonym(s) | Trenadian |
| Government | Federal republic |
• President | Gonzalo Freitas |
• Vice-President | Amelia Fajardo |
| Establishment | |
• Declaration of independence from the Spanish Empire | 3 May, 1807 |
• Autonomy recognized | 8 August, 1808 |
| Area | |
• Total | 795,646 km2 (307,201 sq mi) (39) |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 39,848,202 (37) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2024 estimate |
• Total |  $889 billion |
• Per capita | $52,143 |
| HDI (2022) | 0.910 very high |
| Currency | Trenadian real (T$) (TNR) |
| Time zone | UTC-3 (UTC) |
| Date format | dd-mm-yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +598 |
| ISO 3166 code | TRE |
| Internet TLD | .tr |
The Federative Republic of Trenado (Galego: República Federativa de Trenado), usually known as Trenado is a sovereign nation located in the southernmost region of South America, constituted as a federation with 17 provinces. Its capital is Osorio, and its most populous city is Porto Alegre. It is the only nation in the Americas to have Galician as its main language. With a population of over 39 million civilians, Trenado is known for its economic potency, industrial power and diplomatic popularity.
History
Pre-colonial period
Around 23 A.C., the first few indigenous communities in Trenadian territory started to form, including the Bugrenenses, which were fundamental for the country's history after having discovered rich material for trading with other communities (and, later on, with other countries).
The Bugrenenses still are a huge part of the nation's history, by building important monuments and places, even without many resources for that. However, this pre-colonial period didn't last for long, considering it'd end around the 16th century.
Colonial period (1512-1763)
In 1512, following the events of the Great Navigations in America, the Spanish found a territory in the south of what the Portuguese had found, that territory being around the region of current city Ivoti. Taking advantage of the Treaty of Tordesillas, they decided to take over that small southern part of Brazil and made it their colony. With that event, the Bugrenenses were extinct, while very few of them moved to an even southern region that wasn't being invaded yet. As a colony of the Spanish Empire, this was one of the longest phases of Trenadian history, lasting almost exactly 250 years. However, it would end in 1763, when the Trenadians became officially a dominion of the empire.
The Dominion of Trenado (1763-1807)
As a dominion of the Spanish, the region got richer due to the production of raw material such as coffee and sugar, however was also one of the powerhouses for slave-trading not only for them, but also for other European empires to make more money off Trenado. Once colonized, the country was vastly occupied by the galician bourgeoisie. The official flag given had 4 stars, representing the four rulers of the Trenadian colony who passed away between 1512 and 1763. The dominion period is often disregarded on its own, and rather considered a big step forward for the nation to gain its independence. The process of sovereignty started in the early 19th century, being led majorly by then-general Román Bocanegra and a military group of republicans. In May, 1807, Román and a group of rebellious soldiers marched for 104 kilometers, from Osorio to Porto Alegre to shout an independence chant against the Spanish Empire, and then fire towards the windows of the main Trenadian palace using shotguns.
A prosperidade é o camiño cara á vitoria! Devólvenos a nosa liberdade, porque xa non seremos escravos dos totalitarios!
— Román Bocanegra
The phrase became the motto of the nation, after the Spanish aristocracy knew it'd be dangerous to keep them as a dependent territory, and gave in, consolidating the Trenadian independence, on the night of the 3rd of May. Thus began the Trenadian Revolution, leading to the international recognition of the country a year later, on 8 August 1808.
The First Republic (1807-1932)
The First Trenadian Republic would be the first era of the now-independent nation, lasting for over a century. Abraham Saabedra was the first elected president after indirect elections within the Army, being the first and only president officially recognized without a political party[a] - before the foundation of the Republican, Libertarian and Reformist parties in 1808. For the first three decades, the Trenadian government struggled with the economy: as being independent from Spain left a mark on the national market, it was necessary to take several diplomatic actions in order to negotiate in favorable ways for the country. In the 1832 elections, the first elected Reformist president (Tomas Figueredo) created four economic plans in order to keep the country stable and focus on social issues without the necessity of authoritarian sacrifices. The Ábrega plans, named after then-minister Luis Ábrega, focused on a development starting from agriculture and slowly building up industrial status with factories, universities and railways.
In the 1836 elections, Moises Bernabe Vasquez was chosen as new president, and his economic plans followed the progress done by the Figueredo administration - while focusing on the population's quality of life with more schools and health research. Moises' socially liberal vision was impactful in officially abolishing slavery with the Theresa Proposal, on 8 May 1841. Although controversial at the time, the Vasquez administration gained respect in the international human rights community, and the president would be considered "one of the greatest Trenadians of all-time" according to researches in the following centuries. The government also allowed for a multipartisan political system to function, as opposed to the three-party system founded in 1808.
In August 1854, current president Eutelo Vinal became the first to resign from office due to health problems, giving way for vice-president Adan Varon Silva to take office. Reformist leader Eloi Spinale was the first president to pass away while in office on 15 July 1876, due to tuberculosis.
Elected in 1888 and re-elected in 1900, president Pato Pezzella was renowned for the industrial consolidation of the country, while maintaining the quality of life developed by previous administrations. Between both elections, Marino Sanjorge took office and resigned on 30 November 1899 as a series of legislative scandals involving him, ministers and political parties in order to approve laws gained light in the press.
On 21 April 1912, Teofila de Brito became the first female president of Trenado, after then chief executive Micael Lazo resigned[b].
During the Filipe Salles administration (1921-1928), a movement against the Libertarian party started to rise under the name of Integralist Movement for Trenado. The activists then formed a political party: the Integralist Union (gl: Unión Integralista), which would gain popularity over the course of the years, until the Great Depression, that affected the Trenadian economy and gave room to a call for authoritarian governments in order to keep the economic scape safe. However, with the 1932 elections coming up, none of the candidates proposed a secure nationalist plan for the socioeconomic crisis - and so, the Integralists organized a coup d'etat with the National Army that would be successful on 1 August 1932.
The Integralist Republic (1932-1946)
Then-president Salomon Aguilar was deposed, and the country was under military rule for approximately two weeks[c] until internal elections within the party gave way for Roberto Gonzales to become the next Trenadian leader.
Roberto dealt with the staggering economic crisis by using a protectionist way of economy, nationalizing the industry and replacing imports with more exportation with higher value. While the external market did not give enough profit to the country, the substitutions led to a more industrialized and advanced form of production in Trenado. The Integralist administration also questioned the Trenadian Constitution, and proposed an authoritarian series of laws to be applied until 1935, under the impression that another executive leadership could lead to a complete imbalance in the country. And so, Gonzales became full-time president until a formal resignation, and no Executive elections would be applied for the next years in order to "maintain progress for Trenado". Between 1932 and 1946, the government made close contact with the axis powers for economic development, though the nation would not join the second World War since the Integralists allegedly did not agree with the Nazis' practices and did not have aligned political interests with the Empire of Japan.
While the economic efforts were appreciated by certain researchers around the globe, the Integralists' authoritarian views and repression of criticisms would lead to severe controversies, and after World War II ended, a public revolt demanding the return of direct elections and a proper democratic system would force the then-president to resign and propose new indirect elections in 1946. The event was also the official end of the Integralist Union, which split into three parties including the Social Conservatives.
The New Republic (1946-present)
The first elected president in the now named 'New Republic' was Donis Moreno, from the Social Conservative party which had just split from the Integralists. Criticized for being an "inheritor" of the previous regime, Moreno's economic practices would cause the country to struggle even more after the recent war due to the lack of exportation revenue. Vice-president Gael Pino took office two years later with the first direct elections in the New Republic era, and though the financial weaknesses would still cause problems for the next few years, the democratic period would be perceived as a breath of fresh air for the population. On 14 December 1950, the first television broadcast would be performed in Trenado, being a speech of Pino's regarding the new economic plans to give out technological advancements to the people in larger numbers (including televisions and radio).
In the 1952 elections, Rodolfo de Sousa became the first Social Democrat to be elected president, which led to the political party gaining popularity along with its radical counterparts: the Libertarians. The power being distributed between both parties in the next decades generated a political approximation to the United States during the Cold War, although the latter party would be more critical of the capitalist dominance that would form dictatorships around South America. Augusto Ferreyra was the first Libertarian to be elected in 1960, year that (according to historians) "kickstarted" a big financial and social improvement for the nation after years of ostracism in the South American political sphere.
Felix Mazon was the last Social Democrat president before a Libertarian political dynasty would sustain for the next decades. His administration was responsible for setting up further diplomatic relations and profitable exports, while seeking sufficient technology for an advanced industrialization.
Rosemaria de Castro, elected in 1972, would be the first elected woman to preside over the country. The Castro administration is historically known for the massive rise of Trenado in the international scale, as the GDP kept up a positive percentage of 2-8% each year and the diplomatic powers of the nation would be widely recognized as courageous - denouncing both sides of the Cold War - and iconic. This period would be widely recognized as the Great Trenadian Miracle, and is perceived by historians as one of the greatest moments of the Trenadian Republic.
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Carlos Friedemann continued the successful economic plans of the Libertarian party during the 1980's, maintaining a close diplomatic relationship with American president Ronald Reagan. During the Friedemann I administration, the country also began to embrace technology coming from the promising Japanese economy, causing a massive improvement in the way of life of the Trenadians and giving the nation the title of "richest nation in South America" during the decade. In 1988, Rosemaria was elected once again, becoming the first president since Pato Pezzella to be elected twice between administrations. During her four years of executive power, Trenado would focus on its infrastructure, leading to a massive structural development of cities such as Rivera and Santamaría, which became economic and academic powerhouses in the continent.
Elected in 1992, Lorenzo Sarabia (vice-president of the Castro III administration) would continue the positive succession of cabinets, with Trenado having the best HDI in the world between 1995 and 1997 (averaging ~0.892). The streak of Libertarian presidents would end during the 2000 elections, as the twenty-first century started with a Progressive president: Leonardo Cuello.
Leonardo's four year leadership would maintain the country's thriving economy thanks to the 2000s commodities boom, though social data would turn alarming, including the rate of unemployment rising radically during his time in office and the balancing of the national minimum wage, which would not grow for the next years. The fierce 2004 elections and scandals would lead to Libertarian candidate Elias Meléndrez not taking office due to alleged electoral fraud, causing a presidential crisis. The dispute regarding the party's win against Conservative candidate Osvaldo Cervantes would continue until the following year, with no president being officially chosen due to a lack of response from the Trenadian Court of Justice until 2005. Elias' candidacy was revoked and Cervantes was chosen as the new leader, though his administration would not last for long as he resigned on 22 May 2005[d] and gave way for Brandán Garcia to be the next leader.
The political chaos of the nation would cause economic distrust, and the 2008 crash would further worsen the situation. With an alarming feeling of distrust, the Trenadians elected Social Democrat candidate Cristóforo Muniz as the next president. Muniz and Alex Braga Nunez's economic actions would turn out to be positive for the country, as the recession's damages were treated and caused a massive rise in imports due to the low value of the American dollar. With that, came a further evolution in infrastructure that would sustain during the Marta Bellotti administration between 2012 and 2016. Though relieving, the socioeconomic situation also led to further questioning regarding the centrist leaderships of the previous years, especially with Bellotti not carrying the "torch" given by the acclaimed Sarabia I and II eras. A rise in extremist right-wing politics would lead to the election of controversial candidate Roque Aguilar - from the National Union. Aguilar was widely criticized due to his previous leanings towards integralism and falangism, and an economic crash in early 2018 would cause even more negative reception from the population at large. Conservative vice-president Luis Fonzeca and his economic cabinet would take office and partially resolve the financial chaos by choosing to export natural material in wider amounts - though with less value, which would cause instability in the Trenadian external market.
Since 2020, Gonzalo Freitas has been the president, leaning towards a more balanced and socially proactive leadership to deal with the costs of the previous administrations.
Geography
Trenado occupies a vast and diverse expanse of land, having borders with Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay. The country's geography is characterized by a rich tapestry of natural wonders, encompassing rugged mountains, fertile plains, and pristine coastlines along the Atlantic Ocean.
Mountain ranges
In the northern regions of Trenado, the landscape is dominated by the towering peaks of the Serra Xeral mountain range, which form a dramatic backdrop to the valleys below. These rugged mountains are adorned with dense forests, cascading waterfalls, and winding rivers, providing habitat for diverse wildlife and offering opportunities for outdoor recreation and ecotourism.
Climate
Trenado is a humid subtropical country, lying within the south temperate zone, which leads to a diverse and well-defined set of seasons with rainfall spread in a balanced way throughout the year, though occasional droughts can happen. During winter, heavy rain is more common, while summer temperatures tend to reach above 30°C depending on the region (mostly the northern side of the country).
Government and politics
The Trenadian form of government is a democratic federative republic with a presidential system. A president can be elected up to twice, and will be given a four-year term for each election. The current president is Gonzalo Freitas, from the Social Democrat party. The country's politics depend primarily on legislative agreements made within the Federal Congress and the Federal Senate.
The country is currently divided in provinces and cities, with 17 provinces and 2,035 cities. The capital of the country is Osorio, a city in the province of Guaiba. In 2023, Trenado was elected 33rd in the Democracy Index, as a "flawed democracy".
Economy
Trenado boasts a robust and diversified economy, propelled by a dynamic blend of industrial, agricultural, and service sectors. With a GDP ranking 22nd globally and a Human Development Index (HDI) ranking of 28th, the nation exemplifies social progress in the region. The industrial sector serves as the backbone of the nation's economy, contributing significantly to its nominal GDP. Key industries include steel production, electronics, and machinery.
The trenadian economic plan places a strong emphasis on innovation and technology as drivers of economic growth and competitiveness. The government historically invests in research and development initiatives across various sectors, fostering collaboration between universities, research institutions, and private enterprises.
Agricultural sector
Historically significant, Trenado's fertile soil and diverse climate support a thriving agricultural sector, producing a diverse range of crops and livestock. The country is a leading producer of soybeans, corn, wheat, and rice, as well as beef, poultry, and dairy products. Agribusiness currently plays an important role in the country's market value, with well-developed farming techniques and technology driving productivity and efficiency.
Culture
Etymology
'Trenado', while sounding relatively similar to treinado ('trained' in Portuguese), comes from the Bugrenense language - meaning "three stars" ('tré nado'), possibly related to the Belt of Orion. The word's meaning was eventually carried onto the Trenadian flag design, with an additional star representing the nation's autonomy and strength.
Notes
- ↑ Bento Godoy Pineiro took office as President on 4 August 1932 without a political party, but he is not counted as an official chief executive in the gallery of Presidents of the Republic.
- ↑ Micael Lazo resigned on April 20th, as - according to him - the administration was not having good relationships with the Congress, which led to several proposals being rejected in the legislative sphere of the nation.
- ↑ Unofficially, the president that took over between the Aguilar and Gonzales administrations was Bento Godoy Pineiro, though he is currently not recognized as a proper chief of State by governmental institutions.
- ↑ Cervantes' reasoning for resigning is still disputed now, as inside sources argue he gave up due to a lack of support from the Conservative party. However, other sources determine his reasoning as being a lack of support from the executive cabinet.