Zhoushi language

Zhoushi language
Neo-Bogmian, Bogmo-Zhengian
Зөшinчina
Pronunciation	/ʒu͡oʃɪnt͡ʃina/
Native to	Mustelaria └→Zhousheng
Region	Slavic Belt in Thuadia
Ethnicity	Zhoushi Slavs
Native speakers	L1: 110,985,000 L2: 12,532,000 FL: 7,230,000
Language family	Sivuk-Slavogermanic Zarav-Slavic Slavic Kento-Poylash Mustelarian subgroup Zhoushi language
Standard forms	Great Corpus of the New Zhoushi language
Dialects	Central Bogmian Bogmo-Zhengian Zhengian Transmountain Haldenian Mosterec Bogmian Louzen-Bogmian Velpan-Bogmian
Writing system	Modified Latin alphabet
Official status
Official language in	Mustelaria └→Zhousheng Sekidean Union
Recognised minority language in	Mustelaria └→Monte Blanco, Gadorien, Prei Meas
Language codes
ISO 639-1	ZS
ISO 639-2	ZSG
ISO 639-3	ZSG
Distribution of the language   Absolute majority   >30% of native speakers

Zhoushi language is a Slavic language out of Kento-Polyash language group, which is a official language of Zhousheng and a official federal language in Mustelaria along with Belgorian and Neo-Mustelarian

Introduction

The language has a slavic root and grammar, however, unlike other slavic languages, has 8 grammatical cases (other have 7 or 6). Also, there are about 700 Zhengian words in present day Zhoushi language, they are declined using Bogmian grammar. Old Zhengian, having been descendant out of Prei-Phnom languages, was slowly assimilated into Slavic grammar, having transformed into Slavic Zhengian. Because of the Zhengian accents profilerating, Zhoushi language has 40 unique phonemes, 2 of which are exclusive to Zhoushi language (those are voiced and voiceless Ꝛ).

Alphabet

After the reform of 1912, when Bogmian language officially abandoned Protopolyash script in favor of the new Latin script, hoping to solve the problematic grammar, as multiple phonemes shared one symbol (such as "i" and "j" were both noted as "ⲓ") Three official versions of the new script had been made:

• Grapheme version: This version was later adopted as the official alphabet of the new Zhoushi language in 1984, uses special symbols for each phoneme
• Diacritic version: This version uses basic latin alphabet and solves the phonemes by adding diacritic symbols. Although still being recognized as a acceptable version of the language, it is barely used.
• Digraph version: This version uses digraphs to sign specifical phonemes. It was dropped in early 1950's, as it didn't solve the main reason why Bogmians abandoned the Protopolyash script in the first place.

Zhoushi, although not officially using it, sometimes used lenghtened marks for vowels and syllabic consonants. Those symbols were used in some historical transcripts, but were eventually faded in pre-1950's unification proposals and didn't make it into the official grammar of 1984.

Official (Grapheme) version		Diacritic version	Digraph version	IPA Symbol	Example of a english word with the sound
1	A a	A a	A a	/a/	After
✘	Ꜳ ꜳ	Á á	Aa aa	/aː/	Ask
2	B b	B b	B b	/b/	Label
3	C c	C c	C c	/t͡s/	Its
4	Ч ч	Č č	Cz cz	/t͡ʃ/	Check
5	D d	D d	D d	/d/	Done
6	Đ đ	Ď ď	Dj Dj	/ɟ/	Voiced palatal plosive (not in english)
7	Ƌ ƌ	D́ d́	Dz dz	/d͡z/	Voiced alveolar affricate (not in english)
8	E e	E e	E e	/ɛ/	Bed (General American accent)
✘	Ѥ ѥ	É é	Ee ee	/ɛː/	Air
9	Є є	Ě ě	Je je	/e/	Bed (Australian accent)
✘	Э э	È è	Jee jee	/eː/	Not in english. Example: "Jemand" in German language
10	F f	F f	F f	/f/	Fine
11	G g	G g	G g	/g/	Game
12	Г г	Ǧ ǧ	Dj dj	/d͡ʒ/	Jam
13	H h	H h	H h	/h/	Hello
14	Ȝ ȝ	Ȟ ȟ	Ch ch	/ɣ/ /x/	Velar fricative (not in english: Voiceless, Voiced)
15	I i	I i	I i	/i/ /ɪ/	Free / Bit (General American)
✘	I i	Í í	Ii ii	/iː/ /ɪː/	Wheel
16	J j	J j	J j	/j/	You
17	K k	K k	K k	/k/	Key
18	L l	L l	L l	/l/	Later
✘	Ł ł	Ĺ ĺ		/l̩/	Not in english. Example: "Vlk" in Czech language
19	Λ λ	Ľ ľ	Lj lj	/ȴ/	Million
✘	Л л	L̀ l̀		/ȴ̩/	Not in english
20	M m	M m	M m	/m/	Mother
✘	ʍ ʍ	Ḿ ḿ		/m̩/	Impressionism
21	N n	N n	N n	/n/	Month
22	Ƞ ƞ	Ň ň	Nj nj	/ɲ/	New
23	O o	O o	O o	/o/ /ɔ/	Yawn / Not
✘	Ꝏ ꝏ	Ó ó	Oo oo	/oː/ /ɔː/	Alright
24	Ө ө	Ǒ ǒ	Uo uo Ou ou	/u͡o/	Not in english. Example: "Kôň" in Slovak language
✘	Ꝋ ꝋ	Ò ò	Uoo uoo Ouo ouo	/u͡oː/	Not in english
25	P p	P p	P p	/p/	Play
26	Q q	Q q	Q q	/k͡v/	A bigram of /k/ and /v/, for example in Question
27	R r	R r	R r	/r/	Bright
✘	Ԗ ԗ	Ŕ ŕ		/r̩/	Not in english. Example: "Krk" in Czech language
28	Ꝛ ꝛ	Ř ř	Rz rz	/r̝/ /r̝̊/	Voiced and voiceless alveolar fricative trills (not in english)
29	S s	S s	S s	/s/	Surprise
30	Ш ш	Š š	Sz sz	/ʃ/	Show
31	T t	T t	T t	/t/	Time
32	Ꞇ ꞇ	Ť ť	Tj tj	/c/	Voiceless palatal plosive (not in english)
33	Þ þ	T́ t́	Th th	/ð/ /θ/	This / Thin
34	U u	U u	U u	/u/	Boot
✘	Ɯ ɯ	Ú ú	Uu uu	/uː/	Doom
35	V v	V v	V v	/v/	Valve
36	Ƿ ƿ	W w	W w	/w/	Weep
37	X x	X x	X x	/k͡s/	A bigram of [k] and [s], for example in Maximal
38	Y y	Y y	Y y	/ɨ/	Lip (London accent)
✘	Ү ү	Ý ý	Yy yy	/ɨː/	Not in english. Example: "Über" in German language
39	Z z	Z z	Z z	/z/	Zoo
40	З з	Ž ž	Zh zh	/ʒ/	Pleasure

Nouns

Grammatical gender

Zhoushi languages distinguishes a total of 4 grammatical genders:

• Masculine animate - Shortcut M.A
• Masculine inanimate - Shortcut M.I
• Feminine - Shorcut F
• Neuter - Shorcut N

Grammatical cases

Zhoushi langauge works with 2 grammatical numbers (singular and plural, some dual forms are still present for some words) 8 separate grammatical cases (Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, Locative, Instrumentative, Ablative & Vocative) and there are 16 Inflection patterns (4 for Masculine animate, 4 for Masculina animate, 4 for Feminine and 4 for Neuter)

Grammatical inflection

Common	Nom. sg.	Gen. sg.	Dat. sg.	Acc. sg.	Loc. sg.	Ins. sg.	Abl. sg.	Voc. sg.	Nom. pl.	Gen. pl.	Dat. pl.	Acc. pl.	Loc. pl.	Ins. pl.	Abl. pl.	Voc. pl.	Gender
Man	Muз	Muзe	Muзi	Muзє	Muзi	Muзem	Muзi	Muзi!	Muзy	Muзө	Muзum	Muзe	Muзyȝ	Muзmy/Muзemy	Muзymy	Muзy!	M. A.

Adjectives

TBA

Pronouns

TBA

Numbers

Due to the prominence of hexadactyly between the Zhoushi populace, Zhousheng is one of the few nations, that developed a dozenal system. Zhousheng officially used latinized dozenal system until 1978, when the government officially decided to abandon the system and move towards a decimal system. In school, both systems are told in a paralel to each other, which helps Zhoushi students to better understand numbers and aren't tied to just one graphical representation of the number, supporting abstract thinking. However, this also causes some problems with education, therefore math is being told in kindergarden as well to balance the pressure kids would be subjected during math exams.

Numbers 1-10

Decimal (Base 10)	Dozenal (Base 12)	Old Zhengian Numerals	Zhoushi dozenal	Prei Meas numerals	Decimal term (Common)	Dozenal term (Common)	Decimal term (Zhoushi)	Dozenal term (Zhoushi)
0	0	០	0	០	Zero	Zero	Nula	Nula
1	1	១	1	១	One	One	Oden	Oden
2	2	໒	2	២	Two	Two	Dva	Dva
3	3	៣	3	៣	Three	Three	Tꝛi	Tꝛi
4	4	൪	4	៤	Four	Four	Чotyꝛi	Чotyꝛi
5	5	૫	5	៥	Five	Five	Peꞇ	Peꞇ
6	6	૬	6	៦	Six	Six	Шosꞇ	Шosꞇ
7	7	൭	7	៧	Seven	Seven	Sydem	Sydem
8	8	൮	8	៨	Eight	Eight	Өsem	Өsem
9	9	໙	9	៩	Nine	Nine	Đeveꞇ	Đeveꞇ
10	↊ (International) χ (USA) A (Code)	൰	ᚴ	១០	Ten	Dek	Deseꞇ	Deseꞇ
11	↋ (International) ℇ (USA) B (Code)	൯	ⵒ	១១	Eleven	El	Jedenasꞇ	Hєleꞇ
12	10	൫ (Cyclical) ១០	ᘐ (Cyclical) 10	១២	Twelve	Do	Dvanasꞇ	Ceλeꞇ (Cyclical) Tuƌeꞇ

Design of the face of clocks used in Zhousheng

7-seg numbers

Currently, dozenal system is used only sparsely in common use, but for example clocks still retained their original cyclic description (that is 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-ᚴ-ⵒ-ᘐ), so called cyclical symbol, noted as "ᘐ" in new Zhoushi numerals refers to a number in a twelve-step cycle. Example could be clock, where numerals 10, 11 and 12 are replaced by ᚴ, ⵒ and ᘐ to this day. Some translations of the Kaȝin Canon still use dozenal naming, especially in the Book of Revelation of John.

Numbers 11-1ⵒ

Numbers 11-1ⵒ are created by adding suffix "-asꞇ" (Or "-nasꞇ") to the numbers 1-ⵒ. The same system applied to the old decimal numbering, therefore, the next table is listing both decimal and dozenal, keep in mind the values are relative:

Symbol (Dozenal)	Symbol (Zhoushi)	Symbol (Zhengian)	Symbol (Prei Mean)	Literal translation (Common)	Zhoushi term
11	11	១១	១១	Eleven	Odenasꞇ
12	12	១໒	១២	Twelve	Dvanasꞇ
13	13	១៣	១៣	Thirteen	Tꝛinasꞇ
14	14	១૫	១៥	Fourteen	Чotyrnasꞇ
15	15	១൪	១៤	Fifteen	Peꞇnasꞇ
16	16	១૬	១៦	Sixteen	Шosꞇnasꞇ
17	17	១൭	១៧	Seventeen	Sydemnasꞇ
18	18	១൮	១៨	Eighteen	Өsemnasꞇ
19	19	១໙	១៩	Nineteen	Đeveꞇenasꞇ
1↊	1ᚴ	១൰	--	Tenteen	Deseꞇenasꞇ
1↋	1ⵒ	១൯	--	Elteen	Hєleꞇenasꞇ

Tens

Tens, similar to 10 (Deseꞇ, Tuƌeꞇ), other multiples of 10 are made using the numbers 1-ⵒ and adding suffix "-ƌet" (10-40) or "-desaꞇ" (50-ⵒ0):

Symbol (Dozenal)	Symbol (Zhoushi)	Symbol (Zhengian)	Symbol (Prei Mean)	Literal translation (Common)	Zhoushi term
10	10	១០	១០	Ten/Do	Deseꞇ/Tuƌeꞇ
20	20	໒០	២០	Twenty	Dvaƌeꞇ
30	30	៣០	៣០	Thirty	Tꝛiƌeꞇ
40	40	૫០	៥០	Fourty	Чotyꝛiƌeꞇ
50	50	൪០	៤០	Fifty	Pedesaꞇ
60	60	૬០	៦០	Sixty	Шodesaꞇ
70	70	൭០	៧០	Seventy	Sydemdesaꞇ
80	80	൮០	៨០	Eighty	Өsemdesaꞇ
90	90	໙០	៩០	Ninety	Đevedesaꞇ
↊0	ᚴ0	൰០	--	Tenty	Desedesaꞇ
↋0	ⵒ0	൯០	--	Elty	Hєledesaꞇ

Numbers 21-ⵒⵒ

Regular numbers between 20 and 100 are made by the combination of the tens and units. The western (Haldenian) dialects, having been influenced by Gadori grammar, sometimes use a version with the conjunction interix "-a-" with a switched order. Here are some examples:

Symbol (Dozenal)	Symbol (Zhoushi)	Symbol (Zhengian)	Symbol (Prei Mean)	Literal translation (Common)	Zhoushi term	Haldenian dialect
23	23	໒០	២០	Twenty three	Dvaƌeꞇ tꝛi	Tꝛiadvaƌeꞇ
37	37	៣൭	៣៧	Thirty seven	Tꝛiƌeꞇ sydem	Sydematꝛiƌeꞇ
41	41	૫១	៥១	Fourty one	Чotyꝛiƌeꞇ oden	Odenaчotyꝛiƌeꞇ
5↊	5ᚴ	൪൰	--	Fifty ten	Pedesaꞇ deseꞇ	Deseꞇapedesaꞇ
66	66	૬૬	៦៦	Sixty seven	Шodesaꞇ шosꞇ	Шosꞇaшodesaꞇ
7↋	7ⵒ	൭൯	--	Seventy el	Sydemdesaꞇ hєleꞇ	Hєleꞇasydemdesaꞇ
85	85	൮០	៨០	Eighty five	Өsemdesaꞇ peꞇ	Peꞇaөsemdesaꞇ
99	99	໙໙	៩៩	Ninety nine	Đevedesaꞇ đeveꞇ	Đeveꞇađevedesaꞇ
↊4	ᚴ4	൰൪	--	Tenty four	Desedesaꞇ чotyꝛi	Чotyꝛiadesedesaꞇ
↋2	ⵒ2	൯០	--	Elty two	Hєledesaꞇ dva	Dvaadєledesaꞇ

Verbs

TBA

Adverbia

TBA

Prepositions

TBA

Conjunctions

TBA

Particles

TBA

Interjections

TBA

Language examples

Lord's prayer

Following text shows Lord's prayer compared to Belgorian and Slovanic languages

Common language	Zhoushi (Grapheme)	Zhoushi (Diacritic)	Belgorian (Protopolyash)	Belgorian (Diacritic)	Slovanic langauge
Our Father in heaven,	Oþчe naш, kitory jesꞇєш na ƞieby,	Ot́če naš, kitory jesťěš na ňieby,	ⲟⲧⲕⲓ ⲛⲁϣⲓ, ⲧⲓϣ ⲓⲥⲉϣ ⲛⲁ ⲛⲓⲉⲃϣⲓⲭⲁⲭ,	Otki naši, tiš iseš na niebšichach,	Otče náš, ktorý si na nebesiach,
hallowed be your name.	mino Tiƿe buđ posviƌeno,	mino Tiwe buď posvid́eno,	ⲡⲟⲥⲫⲁⲧⲓⲓ ⲥⲁ ⲙⲉⲛⲟ ⲧⲯⲟⲓⲟ,	Posfatii sa meno Tvoio,	posväť sa meno Tvoje,
Your kingdom come.	Tiƿoje guo pꝛiȝađ,	Tiwoje guo přiȟaď,	ⲡⲣⲓⲓⲭⲟⲇⲓⲓ ⲕⲣⲁⲗⲫⲥⲧⲯⲟ ⲧⲯⲟⲓⲟ,	Priichodii kralfstvo Tvoio,	príď kráľovstvo Tvoje,
Your will be done,	biduч Tiƿuj janг,	biduč Tiwuj janǧ,	ⲃⲓⲓ ⲯⲩⲟⲗⲁ ⲧⲯⲟⲓⲁ,	bii vuola Tvoia,	buď vôľa Tvoja,
on earth as it is in heaven.	jak fu ƞeby, tak aj na zөmi.	jak fu ňeby, tak aj na zǒmi.	ⲓⲁⲕ ⲯ ⲛⲓⲉⲃⲓ, ⲧⲁⲕ ⲁⲓ ⲛⲁ ⲍⲉⲙⲛⲓ.	iak v niebi, tak ai na zemni.	ako v nebi, tak i na zemi.
Give us this day our daily bread	Ȝilab maш tudejшij divaj mam dƞes	Ȟilab maš tudejšij divaj mam dňes	ⲭⲗⲓⲉⲃⲓⲕ ⲛⲁϣ ⲯⲍⲇⲉⲓϣⲁⲓ ⲇⲁⲓ ⲛⲁⲙ ⲇⲛⲓⲉⲥ	Chliebik naš daj nam dnies	Chlieb náš daj nám dnes
and forgive us our debts,	aj ƿypujuшꞇaj mam гriȝy maшije,	aj wypujušťaj mam ğriȟy mašije,	ⲓ ⲟⲇⲡⲩϣⲧⲓ ⲛⲁⲙ ⲛⲁϣⲓⲉ ⲯⲓⲛⲓⲉ,	i odpušti nam našie vinie,	a odpusť nám naše viny,
as we also have forgiven our debtors.	jak aj my ƿypujuшamy mašim huoqum.	jak aj my wypujušamy mašim huoqum.	ⲓⲁⲕ ⲓ ⲙⲓ ⲟⲇⲡⲩϣⲧⲓⲁⲙⲉ ⲛⲁϣⲓⲙ ⲯⲓⲛⲓⲕⲁⲙ.	iak i mi odpuštiame našim vinikam.	ako i my odpúšťame svojim vinníkom.
And do not bring us into temptation,	Aj ƞevydaj mas fu pakuшenji,	Aj ňevydaj mas fu pakušenji,	ⲓ ⲛⲓⲉⲍⲯⲓⲉⲇⲁⲓ ⲛⲁⲥ ⲯ ⲡⲟⲕⲩϣⲓⲉⲛⲓⲉ,	I nezvidai nas v pokušenie,	A neuveď nás do pokušenia,
but rescue us from the evil one.	le zibafuj mas ƿy Jingu.	le zibafuj mas wy Jingu.	ⲁⲗⲓⲉ ⲭⲣⲁⲛⲓⲓ ⲛⲁⲥ ⲟⲇ ⲍⲗⲟⲅⲟ.	ale chrani nas od Zlogo.	ale zbav nás Zlého.

Analysis of the text:

Common:
Our Father in heaven, hallowed be your name. Your kingdom come. Your will be done, on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread. And forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors. And do not bring us to the time of trial, but rescue us from the evil one. Amen.
Zhoushi:
Oþчe naш, kitory jesꞇєш na ƞieby, mino Tiƿe buđ posviƌeno. Tiƿoje guo pꝛiȝađ. Biduч Tiƿuj janг, jak fu ƞeby, tak aj na zөmi. Ȝilab maш tudejшij divaj mam dƞes. Aj ƿypujuшꞇaj mam гriȝy maшije, jak aj my ƿypujuшamy mašim huoqum. Aj ƞevydaj mas fu pakuшenji, le zibafuj mas ƿy Jingu. Amen.