House of Welsbach: Difference between revisions

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* Welsbach-Salzlow and Deinen
* Welsbach-Salzlow and Deinen
* Welsbach-Ikitiera (Valimia)
* Welsbach-Ikitiera (Valimia)
* [[House of Ahnern|Ahnern-Welsbach]]
|notes            =  
|notes            =  
}}
}}
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The '''House of Welsbach''' (<small>{{wp|German language|Hesurian}}:</small> ''Haus Welsbach'') is a [[Mascylla|Mascyllary]] {{wp|royal house}} and {{wp|dynasty}} and one of the oldest royal families in Berea, having produced {{wp|count|counts}}, {{wp|prince|princes}}, {{wp|duke|dukes}}, {{wp|grand duke|grand dukes}}, Valimian and Rovinan {{wp|king|kings}} and Valimian {{wp|emperor|emperors}}.
The '''House of Welsbach''' (<small>{{wp|German language|Hesurian}}:</small> ''Haus Welsbach'') is a [[Mascylla|Mascyllary]] {{wp|royal house}} and {{wp|dynasty}} and one of the oldest royal families in Berea, having produced {{wp|count|counts}}, {{wp|prince|princes}}, {{wp|duke|dukes}}, {{wp|grand duke|grand dukes}}, Valimian and Rovinan {{wp|king|kings}} and Valimian {{wp|emperor|emperors}}.


The Welsbach family, tracing back to the 12th century and the city of Welsbach, was divided as two separate branches following [[Dilisme's War]] and the [[Dilisme's War|Peace of Westmarke]] in 1297, the Johnine and Nestorine branches. The house historically ruled large areas of central Mascylla in the modern states of Falia and Therunder-Welsbach, assuming control over Ausern by 1260, Karnitz by 1310 and Phalya in the late 14th century. The Johnine branch, considered to be the senior Welsbach line, was elevated to a ducal and later grand ducal title in 1613, while the Nestorine branch was further divided into the {{wp|cadet branch|cadet branches}} of the grand ducal Houses of Amretz-Herzogau-Amsern and Welsbach-Gehrach in the 1650s. The marriage of George Augustus of Welsbach to [[List of Valimian monarchs|Helen the Great of Valimia]] introduced the less prominent Johnine Welsbachers as the rulers of the [[Kingdom of Valimia|Kingdom]] and later [[Valimian Empire|Empire of Valimia]], ruling in {{wp|personal union}} with the [[Grand Duchy of Welsbach]] since 1637.
The Welsbach family, tracing back to the 12th century and the city of Welsbach in modern-day Therundy-Welsbach, was divided into two separate branches following [[Dilisme's War]] and the [[Dilisme's War|Peace of Westmarke]] in 1297, the Johnine and Nestorine branches. The house historically ruled large areas of central Mascylla in the modern states of Falia and Therundy-Welsbach, assuming control over Ausern by 1260, Karnitz by 1310 and Phalya in the late 14th century. The Johnine branch, considered to be the senior Welsbach line, was elevated to a ducal and later grand ducal title in 1613, while the Nestorine branch was further divided into the {{wp|cadet branch|cadet branches}} of the grand ducal Houses of Amretz-Herzogau-Amsern and Welsbach-Gehrach in the 1650s. The marriage of George Augustus of Welsbach to [[List of Valimian monarchs|Helen the Great of Valimia]] established the less prominent Johnine Welsbachers as the rulers of the [[Kingdom of Valimia|Kingdom]] and later [[Valimian Empire|Empire of Valimia]], ruling in {{wp|personal union}} with the [[Grand Duchy of Welsbach]] from 1637–1922.


Aiding [[Aldia]] in the [[War of the Five Kings]] and the unification of Mascylla, the Grand Duchy of Welsbach was elevated to the status of Kingdom while continuing its personal union to Valimia. The Norbertine branch continued to rule Phalya and Amretz as grand dukes and its {{wp|patrilineality|agnates}} achieved the Rovinan title of King in the 19th century which it retained until today.
Aiding [[Aldia]] in the [[War of the Five Kings]] and the unification of Mascylla, the Grand Duchy of Welsbach was elevated to the status of a Kingdom while maintaing its personal union to Valimia, with a brief period of uncertainty under Rosa I of Valimia in 1807. The house has also entered the [[Monarchy of Mascylla|Mascyllary monarchy]] through Sophia I being a {{wp|patrilineality|patrilineal}} descendant of [[List of Valimian monarchs|Anthony I of Valimia]], establishing the [[House of Ahnern|House of Ahnern-Welsbach]]. The Norbertine branch continued to rule Phalya and Amretz as grand dukes and its {{wp|patrilineality|agnates}} achieved the Rovinan title of King in the 19th century which it retained until today.


==Welsbachers==
==Welsbachers==
===Johnine branch===
===Johnine branch===
{{see also|List of Valimian monarchs}}
[[File:Coat of arms of the Kingdom of the Valimian (1661-1733).png|200px|thumb|right|Coat of arms of the Johnine Welsbachers following the ascension of [[List of Valimian monarchs|Anne I/Aino III of Valimia]] as Grand Duchess regent of Welsbach in 1661 (and of the Welsbach–Valimia {{wp|personal union}}, 1659{{ndash}}1923)]]
The generally considered senior Johnine line of the Welsbachers consolidated the territorial integrity of Welsbach proper and ruled as Dukes (1297–1613), Grand Dukes (1613–1793) and Kings of Welsbach (1793–1923). They also played a central role in Valimian politics as its ruling royal and later imperial dynasty (1637–1922), simultaneously ruling Welsbach under a {{wp|personal union}} referred to as Welsbach–Valimia. The 1793 aftermath of the [[War of the Five Kings]] enabled the Johnine Welsbachers to ascend to the title of King in Welsbach and receive territorial cessions from the [[Kingdom of Adwhin]], while being subordinate to the [[Kingdom of Aldia|Aldian]] [[Monarchy of Mascylla|kings of Mascylla]]. The personal union was called into question with the coronation of [[List of Valimian monarchs|Rosa I]], the wife of [[List of Valimian monarchs|Charles Frederick II]], in 1807, who did not have any claim of inheritance in Welsbacher {{wp|order of succession|succession laws}}; this issue was resolved by allowing Rosa I to rule as Queen regent of Welsbach until his first son [[List of Valimian monarchs|Anthony II]] came of age in 1812, thereby technically separating Welsbach and Valimia under two different monarchs from 1807–1812. The collapse of the [[Valimian Empire]] after the [[Great War (Aurorum)|Great War]] in 1922 forced the Johnine Welsbach monarchy to abandon the Valimian throne and dissolve the personal, before [[List of Valimian monarchs|Charles Frederick III]] lost his Welsbach throne due to the [[Mascyllary Revolution]] in 1923 as well.
====Johnine Grand Dukes and Kings of Welsbach====
====Johnine Grand Dukes and Kings of Welsbach====
{|style="text-align:center; width:70%" class="wikitable"
{|style="text-align:center; width:80%" class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! Name !! Portrait !! Dynastic status !! Birthday !! Reign start !! Reign end !! Notes
! Name !! Portrait !! Dynastic status !! Birthday !! Reign start !! Reign end !! Notes
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| '''Frederick Anthony I ''the Great Duke'''''<br>''Friedrich Anton der Große Herzog'' || [[File:Lucas_Cranach_the_Younger_-_Prince_Elector_Moritz_of_Saxony_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|100px]] || Son of George Augustus I, Duke of Welsbach || 20 April 1561 || 16 February 1609 || 4 September 1625<br>(aged 64) || Duke of Welsbach (1609–1613), elevated to Grand Duke of Welsbach (1613–1625).
| '''Frederick Anthony I ''the Great Duke'''''<br>''Friedrich Anton der Große Herzog'' || [[File:Lucas_Cranach_the_Younger_-_Prince_Elector_Moritz_of_Saxony_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|100px]] || Son of George Augustus I, Duke of Welsbach || 20 April 1561 || 16 February 1609 || 4 September 1625<br>(aged 64) || Duke of Welsbach (1609–1613), elevated to Grand Duke of Welsbach (1613–1625).
|-
|-
| '''George Augustus II'''<br>''Georg August'' || [[File:Christian_I_of_Saxony.jpg|100px]] || Son of Frederick Anthony || 16 June 1584 || 4 September 1626 || 31 August 1659<br>(aged 76) || Grand Duke of Welsbach, prince consort of the Kingdom of Valimia (1627–1659).
| '''George Augustus I/II'''<br>''Georg August'' || [[File:Zacharias_Wehme_-_Prince_Elector_Christian_II_of_Saxony_(ca._1601-1606)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|100px]] || Son of Frederick Anthony || 16 June 1584 || 4 September 1626 || 31 August 1659<br>(aged 76) || Grand Duke of Welsbach, prince consort of the Kingdom of Valimia (1627–1659).
|-
|-
| '''Helen I ''the Great'''''<br>''Helena die Große'' || [[File:Jacob_Ferdinand_Voet_-_Queen_Christina_of_Sweden.jpg|100px]] || Wife of George Augustus II || 21 September 1607 || 31 August 1659 || 1 June 1661<br>(aged 44) || Grand Duchess dowager of Welsbach and Queen of Valimia (1637–1661).
| '''Helen I ''the Great'''''<br>''Helena die Große'' || [[File:Jacob_Ferdinand_Voet_-_Queen_Christina_of_Sweden.jpg|100px]] || Wife of George Augustus II || 21 September 1607 || 31 August 1659 || 1 June 1661<br>(aged 44) || Grand Duchess dowager of Welsbach and Queen of Valimia (1637–1661).
|-
|-
| '''Anna I/Aino III'''<br>''Anna'' || [[File:Electress_Sophia,_Princess_Palatine.jpg|100px]] || Daughter of Helen and George Augustus II || 28 August 1628 || 1 June 1661 || 13 July 1693<br>(aged 65) || Grand Duchess regent of Welsbach (1661–1664), Grand Duchess of Welsbach (1664–1693) and Queen of Valimia (1664–1693).
| '''Anne I/Aino III'''<br>''Anna'' || [[File:Electress_Sophia,_Princess_Palatine.jpg|100px]] || Daughter of Helen and George Augustus II || 28 August 1628 || 1 June 1661 || 13 July 1693<br>(aged 65) || Grand Duchess regent of Welsbach (1661–1664), Grand Duchess of Welsbach (1664–1693) and Queen of Valimia (1664–1693).
|-
|-
| '''Charles Frederick I'''<br>''Karl Friedrich'' || [[File:Menno_Baron_van_Coehoorn_after_Caspar_Netscher.jpg|100px]] || Son of Anna I || 23 November 1653 || 13 July 1693 || 20 July 1707<br>(aged 54) || Grand Duke of Welsbach and King of Valimia.
| '''Charles Frederick I'''<br>''Karl Friedrich'' || [[File:Menno_Baron_van_Coehoorn_after_Caspar_Netscher.jpg|100px]] || Son of Anne I || 23 November 1653 || 13 July 1693 || 20 July 1707<br>(aged 54) || Grand Duke of Welsbach and King of Valimia.
|-
|-
| '''Anthony I ''the Great'''''<br>''Anton der Große'' || [[File:Pilo_-_Frederik_V_of_Denmark.jpg|100px]] || Son of Charles Frederick I || 17 June 1691 || 20 July 1707 || 27 July 1741<br>(aged 50) || Grand Duke of Welsbach, King of Valimia (1707–1737), elevated to Emperor of Valimia (1737–1741).
| '''Anthony I ''the Great'''''<br>''Anton der Große'' || [[File:Pilo_-_Frederik_V_of_Denmark.jpg|100px]] || Son of Charles Frederick I || 17 June 1691 || 20 July 1707 || 27 July 1741<br>(aged 50) || Grand Duke of Welsbach, King of Valimia (1707–1737), elevated to Emperor of Valimia (1737–1741).
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| '''Charles Frederick II'''<br>''Karl Friedrich'' || [[File:Borovikovskiy_PtPavla1GRM_(cropped).jpg|100px]] || Nephew of Alexius I || 17 June 1760 || 17 April 1763 || 6 March 1807<br>(aged 50) || Grand Duke of Welsbach (1763–1793), Emperor of Valimia, elevated to King of Welsbach (1793–1807).
| '''Charles Frederick II'''<br>''Karl Friedrich'' || [[File:Borovikovskiy_PtPavla1GRM_(cropped).jpg|100px]] || Nephew of Alexius I || 17 June 1760 || 17 April 1763 || 6 March 1807<br>(aged 50) || Grand Duke of Welsbach (1763–1793), Emperor of Valimia, elevated to King of Welsbach (1793–1807).
|-
|-
| '''Rosa I'''<br>''Rosa'' || [[File:Maria_Fedorovna_by_Vigee-Lebrun.jpg|100px]] || Wife of Charles Frederick II || 12 March 1764 || 6 March 1807 || 15 June 1812<br>''Death date:'' 17 January 1828 (aged 64) || Queen regent of Welsbach (1807–1812), Empress of Valimia (1807–1828).
| '''Rose I'''<br>''Rosalie'' || [[File:Maria_Fedorovna_by_Vigee-Lebrun.jpg|100px]] || Wife of Charles Frederick II || 12 March 1764 || 6 March 1807 || 15 June 1812<br>''Death date:'' 17 January 1828 (aged 64) || Queen regent of Welsbach (1807–1812), Empress of Valimia (1807–1828).
|-
|-
| '''Anthony II'''<br>''Anton'' || [[File:D.V._Golitsyn_by_F._Riss_(1835,_GIM).jpg|100px]] || Son of Charles Frederick II || 15 June 1793 || 15 June 1812 || 22 April 1849<br>(aged 56) || King of Welsbach (1812–1849), Emperor of Valimia (1828–1849).
| '''Anthony II'''<br>''Anton'' || [[File:D.V._Golitsyn_by_F._Riss_(1835,_GIM).jpg|100px]] || Son of Charles Frederick II || 15 June 1793 || 15 June 1812 || 22 April 1849<br>(aged 56) || King of Welsbach (1812–1849), Emperor of Valimia (1828–1849).
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| '''Augustus I'''<br>''August'' || [[File:R._Grether_-_Friedrich_I._von_Baden_(1857,_Kopie_nach_Winterhalter).jpg|100px]] || Son of Anthony II || 12 February 1832 || 22 April 1849 || 3 July 1867<br>(aged 30) || King of Welsbach, Emperor of Valimia.
| '''Augustus I'''<br>''August'' || [[File:R._Grether_-_Friedrich_I._von_Baden_(1857,_Kopie_nach_Winterhalter).jpg|100px]] || Son of Anthony II || 12 February 1832 || 22 April 1849 || 3 July 1867<br>(aged 30) || King of Welsbach, Emperor of Valimia.
|-
|-
| '''Anna II/Aino IV'''<br>''Anna'' || [[File:Queen_Olga_of_Greece.jpg|100px]] || Daughter of Augustus || 10 December 1852 || 3 July 1867 || 30 August 1910<br>''Death date:'' 27 January 1927 (aged 75) || Queen of Welsbach, Empress of Valimia.
| '''Anne II/Aino IV'''<br>''Anna'' || [[File:Olga_of_Greece_VI_restoration.jpg|100px]] || Daughter of Augustus || 10 December 1852 || 3 July 1867 || 30 August 1910<br>''Death date:'' 27 January 1927 (aged 75) || Queen of Welsbach, Empress of Valimia.
|-
|-
| '''Charles Frederick III'''<br>''Karl Friedrich'' || [[File:Christian_X_-_Peter_Elfelt.jpg|100px]] || Son of Anna II || 28 August 1880 || 30 August 1910 || 17 January 1922<br>''Death date:'' 21 February 1926 (aged 46) || Last King of Welsbach and Emperor of Valimia.
| '''Charles Frederick III'''<br>''Karl Friedrich'' || [[File:Christian_X_-_Peter_Elfelt.jpg|100px]] || Son of Anne II || 28 August 1880 || 30 August 1910 || 14 July 1923<br>''Death date:'' 21 February 1926 (aged 46) || Last King of Welsbach and Emperor of Valimia (1910–1922).
|-
|-
|}
|}


====Johnine Kings and Emperors of Valimia====
====Residences of the Johnine Welsbachers====
<gallery class="center">
DD-Schloss-gp.jpg|Karnitz Royal Palace
Pillnitz-Wasseransicht.jpg|Augustbrunn Palace
</gallery>
 
===Nestorine branch===
===Nestorine branch===
====House of Amretz-Herzogau-Amsern====
====House of Amretz-Herzogau-Amsern====

Latest revision as of 19:08, 27 September 2021

House of Welsbach
Haus Welsbach
Royal dynasty
Wappen Haus Welsbach.png
Stem coat of arms of the Welsbach family
CountryMascylla, Rovina, Valimia
Foundedapprox. 12th century (approx. 12th century)
FounderAdalbert I, Count of Welsbach
Current headKarl Georg, Prince of Welsbach-Gehrach (Johnine branch)
Stanislava I of Rovina (Nestorine branch)
Titles
List
  • Johnine (senior) branch Nestorine (junior) branch
    • Grand Duke of Phalya
    • Grand Duke of Amretz-Herzogau-Ausern
    • Duke of Merzenich
    • King of Rovina
Cadet branches
  • Amretz-Herzogau-Ausern
  • Welsbach-Gehrach
  • Welsbach-Salzlow and Deinen
  • Welsbach-Ikitiera (Valimia)
  • Ahnern-Welsbach

The House of Welsbach (Hesurian: Haus Welsbach) is a Mascyllary royal house and dynasty and one of the oldest royal families in Berea, having produced counts, princes, dukes, grand dukes, Valimian and Rovinan kings and Valimian emperors.

The Welsbach family, tracing back to the 12th century and the city of Welsbach in modern-day Therundy-Welsbach, was divided into two separate branches following Dilisme's War and the Peace of Westmarke in 1297, the Johnine and Nestorine branches. The house historically ruled large areas of central Mascylla in the modern states of Falia and Therundy-Welsbach, assuming control over Ausern by 1260, Karnitz by 1310 and Phalya in the late 14th century. The Johnine branch, considered to be the senior Welsbach line, was elevated to a ducal and later grand ducal title in 1613, while the Nestorine branch was further divided into the cadet branches of the grand ducal Houses of Amretz-Herzogau-Amsern and Welsbach-Gehrach in the 1650s. The marriage of George Augustus of Welsbach to Helen the Great of Valimia established the less prominent Johnine Welsbachers as the rulers of the Kingdom and later Empire of Valimia, ruling in personal union with the Grand Duchy of Welsbach from 1637–1922.

Aiding Aldia in the War of the Five Kings and the unification of Mascylla, the Grand Duchy of Welsbach was elevated to the status of a Kingdom while maintaing its personal union to Valimia, with a brief period of uncertainty under Rosa I of Valimia in 1807. The house has also entered the Mascyllary monarchy through Sophia I being a patrilineal descendant of Anthony I of Valimia, establishing the House of Ahnern-Welsbach. The Norbertine branch continued to rule Phalya and Amretz as grand dukes and its agnates achieved the Rovinan title of King in the 19th century which it retained until today.

Welsbachers

Johnine branch

See also: List of Valimian monarchs
Coat of arms of the Johnine Welsbachers following the ascension of Anne I/Aino III of Valimia as Grand Duchess regent of Welsbach in 1661 (and of the Welsbach–Valimia personal union, 1659–1923)

The generally considered senior Johnine line of the Welsbachers consolidated the territorial integrity of Welsbach proper and ruled as Dukes (1297–1613), Grand Dukes (1613–1793) and Kings of Welsbach (1793–1923). They also played a central role in Valimian politics as its ruling royal and later imperial dynasty (1637–1922), simultaneously ruling Welsbach under a personal union referred to as Welsbach–Valimia. The 1793 aftermath of the War of the Five Kings enabled the Johnine Welsbachers to ascend to the title of King in Welsbach and receive territorial cessions from the Kingdom of Adwhin, while being subordinate to the Aldian kings of Mascylla. The personal union was called into question with the coronation of Rosa I, the wife of Charles Frederick II, in 1807, who did not have any claim of inheritance in Welsbacher succession laws; this issue was resolved by allowing Rosa I to rule as Queen regent of Welsbach until his first son Anthony II came of age in 1812, thereby technically separating Welsbach and Valimia under two different monarchs from 1807–1812. The collapse of the Valimian Empire after the Great War in 1922 forced the Johnine Welsbach monarchy to abandon the Valimian throne and dissolve the personal, before Charles Frederick III lost his Welsbach throne due to the Mascyllary Revolution in 1923 as well.

Johnine Grand Dukes and Kings of Welsbach

Name Portrait Dynastic status Birthday Reign start Reign end Notes
Frederick Anthony I the Great Duke
Friedrich Anton der Große Herzog		 Lucas Cranach the Younger - Prince Elector Moritz of Saxony - Google Art Project.jpg Son of George Augustus I, Duke of Welsbach 20 April 1561 16 February 1609 4 September 1625
(aged 64)		 Duke of Welsbach (1609–1613), elevated to Grand Duke of Welsbach (1613–1625).
George Augustus I/II
Georg August		 Zacharias Wehme - Prince Elector Christian II of Saxony (ca. 1601-1606) - Google Art Project.jpg Son of Frederick Anthony 16 June 1584 4 September 1626 31 August 1659
(aged 76)		 Grand Duke of Welsbach, prince consort of the Kingdom of Valimia (1627–1659).
Helen I the Great
Helena die Große		 Jacob Ferdinand Voet - Queen Christina of Sweden.jpg Wife of George Augustus II 21 September 1607 31 August 1659 1 June 1661
(aged 44)		 Grand Duchess dowager of Welsbach and Queen of Valimia (1637–1661).
Anne I/Aino III
Anna		 Electress Sophia, Princess Palatine.jpg Daughter of Helen and George Augustus II 28 August 1628 1 June 1661 13 July 1693
(aged 65)		 Grand Duchess regent of Welsbach (1661–1664), Grand Duchess of Welsbach (1664–1693) and Queen of Valimia (1664–1693).
Charles Frederick I
Karl Friedrich		 Menno Baron van Coehoorn after Caspar Netscher.jpg Son of Anne I 23 November 1653 13 July 1693 20 July 1707
(aged 54)		 Grand Duke of Welsbach and King of Valimia.
Anthony I the Great
Anton der Große		 Pilo - Frederik V of Denmark.jpg Son of Charles Frederick I 17 June 1691 20 July 1707 27 July 1741
(aged 50)		 Grand Duke of Welsbach, King of Valimia (1707–1737), elevated to Emperor of Valimia (1737–1741).
Alexius I
Alexius		 Jean-Marc Nattier (1685-1766) - Portret van maarschalk hertog Richelieu - Lissabon Museu Calouste Gulbenkian 21-10-2010 13-34-54.jpg Son of Anthony I 11 October 1716 27 July 1741 13 April 1763
(aged 47)		 Grand Duke of Welsbach, Emperor of Valimia.
Charles Frederick II
Karl Friedrich		 Borovikovskiy PtPavla1GRM (cropped).jpg Nephew of Alexius I 17 June 1760 17 April 1763 6 March 1807
(aged 50)		 Grand Duke of Welsbach (1763–1793), Emperor of Valimia, elevated to King of Welsbach (1793–1807).
Rose I
Rosalie		 Maria Fedorovna by Vigee-Lebrun.jpg Wife of Charles Frederick II 12 March 1764 6 March 1807 15 June 1812
Death date: 17 January 1828 (aged 64)		 Queen regent of Welsbach (1807–1812), Empress of Valimia (1807–1828).
Anthony II
Anton		 D.V. Golitsyn by F. Riss (1835, GIM).jpg Son of Charles Frederick II 15 June 1793 15 June 1812 22 April 1849
(aged 56)		 King of Welsbach (1812–1849), Emperor of Valimia (1828–1849).
Augustus I
August		 R. Grether - Friedrich I. von Baden (1857, Kopie nach Winterhalter).jpg Son of Anthony II 12 February 1832 22 April 1849 3 July 1867
(aged 30)		 King of Welsbach, Emperor of Valimia.
Anne II/Aino IV
Anna		 Olga of Greece VI restoration.jpg Daughter of Augustus 10 December 1852 3 July 1867 30 August 1910
Death date: 27 January 1927 (aged 75)		 Queen of Welsbach, Empress of Valimia.
Charles Frederick III
Karl Friedrich		 Christian X - Peter Elfelt.jpg Son of Anne II 28 August 1880 30 August 1910 14 July 1923
Death date: 21 February 1926 (aged 46)		 Last King of Welsbach and Emperor of Valimia (1910–1922).

Residences of the Johnine Welsbachers

  • Karnitz Royal Palace

    Karnitz Royal Palace

  • Augustbrunn Palace

    Augustbrunn Palace

Nestorine branch

House of Amretz-Herzogau-Amsern

House of Welsbach-Salzlow and Deinen

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