Ilayan Language

Ilayan
Eilayan
Pronunciation	IPA: //iːˈleɪən//
Native to	Los Angeles
Native speakers	L1: c. 2.8 million (2023)
Language family	Abo-Stratean East Abosian Burgwieser Family Sexish Ilayan
Early forms	Proto-Stratean-Abosian Proto-East Abosian Old Fluvan Middle Fluvan Sexo-Fluvan
Dialects	New Kethan Dialect Hesperian Dialect Mavonan Dialect
Official status
Official language in	New Ketha
Recognised minority language in	Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles
Language codes
ISO 639-1	il
ISO 639-3	Ilayan – Ilayan

Ilayan, or Ilay is a Sexish language in the Burgwieser Family primarily spoken in Los Angeles. It is primarily spoken in the province of New Ketha, particularly in and around the city of Entoun, which is the largest Ilayan-speaking city in the world. In addition to the speakers in New Ketha, roughly 3-400,000 speakers are spread through other Angelean provinces, with Ilayan being recognized in Hesperia, Santa Catalina, and Lugarseco. These areas form the broad dialects found in Ilayan, with dialects in and around the city of Entoun being called the New Kethan Ilayan or Entounian Ilayan, dialects in Hesperia being known as Hesperian Ilayan and are more influenced by Onslander, and dialects found in Santa Catalina and Lugarseco being known as Mavonan Ilayan, being more heavily influenced by Serran and Agnian. Ilayan is a daughter language of either Sexish or Fluvan, though scholars remain divided, with much of the formal grammar and vocabulary coming from Fluvan but the syntax coming from Sexish. Some scholars thus refer to Ilayan as a creole.

Ilayan is recognized as an indigenous language of Los Angeles by the Angelean government and as a regional or minority language by the North Galian Union, though unlike most minority languages in Los Angeles it is not recognized as vulnerable. 2023 data indicated roughly 2.8 million people in Los Angeles could speak Ilayan.

As there are no universally accepted criteria for distinguishing a language from a dialect, scholars and other interested parties often disagree about the linguistic, historical and social status of Ilayan, particularly its relationship to Fluvan and Sexish. Although a number of paradigms for distinguishing between languages and dialects exist, they often render contradictory results. Ilayan is at one end of a bipolar linguistic continuum, with Ilayan-Sexish at the other. Four broad hypotheses exist. Ilayan is sometimes regarded as a variety of Sexish, due to its similarity in pronounciation and syntax though it has its own distinct dialects; other scholars treat Ilayan as a variety of Fluvan, due to its grammatical and vocabulary influences on Ilayan; other scholars treat Ilayan as a distinct East Abosian language, in the way that Frigan is closely linked to but distinct from Niagaran; and still others treat Ilayan as a creole of both Fluvan and Sexish. In Los Angeles, the predominant theory, and the one formally accepted by the government, is that Ilayan is a distinct language from both Sexish and Fluvan, and it shares common ancestors with both languages, having split off from Fluvan in the 15th century (see Sexo-Fluvan, the most recent common ancestor for southern Fluvan dialects, Sexish, and Ilayan) and splitting further off from Sexish in the 17th century.

Regardless of origin, Ilayan is closely related to both Sexish and Fluvan. It is mutually intelligible with both languages, especially with Sexish speakers or in the written form. Ilayan is also thus closely to Aurspresh, Cummese, and Fermden, though to a lesser degree than Sexish and Fluvan.

Nomenclature

Native speakers sometimes refer to their vernacular as Eiles (or alternatively Ilays) or use a dialect name such as "Entounian" or the Entoun Shod. The old-fashioned Ellan, as a Fluvan loan, occurs occasionally, especially in Fluvannia or the Sexish Countries. In Fluvan and Sexish, the term Ilayan is considered the most formal and proper, and is the most widely accepted term by Ilayans.

Etymology

Ilayan is a shortened term of islay, the Sexish word for "island" and comes from the term ila. Ilayan is a fairly recent name, applied to inhabitants of Los Angeles as a whole before coming specifically to mean the speakers of the Ilayan language. Proponents of the Old Ilayan theory, which asserts Ilayan is a much older language than previously thought, point to dialects along the borders of Sexland and Fluvannia that had traits similar to early Ilayan. Speakers of these dialects commonly called their language Fluvan (written Flivan) if they lived in Sexland or Sexish (written Sexosh) if they lived in Fluvannia, representing their dialects as being commonly thought to be related to both languages. By the end of the 17th century, the Fluvan/Sexish spoken in Los Angeles was arguably a distinct language, albeit one lacking a name which distinguished it from all the variants or dialects spoken. From 1700, the term Ilayan became increasingly applied to the language as a shortened version of Ilayan Sexish or Ilayan Fluvan.

Phonology

Vowels

The vowel system of Modern Ilayan:

Glyph	IPA	Common spellings
1	short /əi/ long /aɪ/	i-e, y-e, ey
2	/i/	ee, e-e, ie
3	/ei/
4	/e/	a-e, #ae
5	/o/	oa, o-e
6	/u/	ou, oo, u-e
7	/ø/	ui, eu
8	/eː/	ai, ay
8a	/əi/	i-e, y-e, ey
9	/oe/	oi, oy
10	/əi/	i-e, y-e, ey
11	/iː/	ee,ie
12	/ɑː, ɔː/	au, aw
13	/ʌu/	ow, owe
14	/ju/	ew
15	/ɪ/	i
16	/ɛ/	e
17	/ɑ, a/	a
18	/ɔ/	o
19	/ʌ/	u

Consonants

		Labial	Dental	Alveolar	Postalveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal		m		n			ŋ
Stop		p b		t d	tʃ dʒ		k ɡ	ʔ
Fricative		f v	θ ð	s z	ʃ ʒ	ç	x	h
Approximant	Central			ɹ		j	ʍ w
	Lateral			l
Trill				r

Grammar

Ilayan follows the subject–verb–object sentence structure like Standard Fluvan. However, the word order Giv'us it (Give us it) versus "Give it to me" may be preferred. The indefinite article a is used before consonants but becomes ann or n' before or after vowels. The definite article the or de (depending on the dialect) is used before specific nouns, such as days of the week, people, diseases, trades and occupations, sciences, and academic subjects. It is also often used in place of the indefinite article and instead of a possessive pronoun. Ilayan also includes some strong plurals such as ee/een ("eye/eyes"), caft/cour ("calf/calves"), or cuw/cuye ("cow/cows") that survived from Sexo-Fluvan into modern Ilayan, but have become weak plurals in standard Fluvan. Ilayan uses the Sexish third adjective/adverb this-that-yon/yonder (or don/donder) indicating someonething at some distance. Thor and Thoten are used as plurals for this and that, respectively. The present tense tends to adhere to the same rules in Fluvan whereby verbs end in -s in all persosn and numbers except when a single personal pronoun is next to the verb. Many verbs have similar usages with Fluvan, and verbs of motion may bedropped before an adverb or adverbial phrase of motion. The present participle and gerund in are now usually /ən/ but may still be differentiated /ən/ and /in/ in Entounian Ilayan and /ən/ and /ɪn/ in Lugarsecano Ilayan. The negative particle is na, sometimes spelled nay, e.g. canna ("can't"), daurna ("daren't"), michtna ("mightn't"). Adverbs usually take the same form as the verb root or adjective, especially after verbs. Examples include Havine a right guid day ("Having a really good day") and She's aful fauchelt ("She's awfully tired").

Sample Text of Fluvan, Sexish, and Ilayan

Fluvan

From The New Testament (NIV Translation, 1978)

This is the story of the birth of Jesus Christ. His mother Mary was pledged to be married to Joseph, but before they came together, she was found to be pregnant through the Holy Spirit. Because Joseph her husband was faithful to the law, and yet did not want to expose her to public disgrace, he had in mind to divorce her quietly. But after he had considered this, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said, “Joseph son of David, do not be afraid to take Mary home as your wife, because what is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit. She will give birth to a son, and you are to give him the name Jesus, because he will save his people from their sins.”

All this took place to fulfill what the Lord had said through the prophet: “The virgin will conceive and give birth to a son, and they will call him Emmanuel” (which means “God with us”). When Joseph woke up, he did what the angel of the Lord had commanded him and took Mary home as his wife. But he did not consummate their marriage until she gave birth to a son. And he gave him the name Jesus.

— Matthew 1:18–21

Sexish

From The New Testament in Sexish (William Laughton Lorimer, 1885–1967)

This is the storie o the birth o Jesus Christ. His mither Mary wis trystit til Joseph, but afore they war mairriet she wis fund tae be wi bairn bi the Halie Spírit. Her husband Joseph, honest man, hed nae mind tae affront her afore the warld an wis for brakkin aff their tryst hidlinweys; an sae he wis een ettlin tae dae, whan an angel o the Lord kythed til him in a draim an said til him, "Joseph, son o Dauvit, be nane feared tae tak Mary your trystit wife intil your hame; the bairn she is cairrein is o the Halie Spírit. She will beir a son, an the name ye ar tae gíe him is Jesus, for he will sauf his fowk frae their sins."

Aa this happent at the wurd spokken bi the Lord throu the Prophet micht be fulfilled: Behaud, the virgin wil bouk an beir a son, an they will caa his name Immanuel – that is, "God wi us". Whan he hed waukit frae his sleep, Joseph did as the angel hed bidden him, an tuik his trystit wife hame wi him. But he bedditna wi her or she buir a son; an he caa'd the bairn Jesus.

— Matthew 1:18–21

Ilayan

From The Nuu Testament in Eilayan (William Laughton Lorimer, 1885-1967)

This is the story ot birth o Jesus Christ. His mother Mary wis tryst tei Joseph, but bofore they ware tei'b married she wis fund tei be wid babe thru the Holey Spirit. B'cause Joseph her husband wis liel tei t' law and yet didnae want tei expose her tei publik disgrace, he hed in his mind to brakke aff frum her quietly. But after he hed considerred this, n'angel o the Lord appaired tei him in a dreim and said tei him, "Joseph, son o Davud, beina afraid tei take Mary home as yer wife; the babe she is carrin is ot Holey Spirit. She will bare a son, and the name ye arr tei give him is Jesus, b'cause he will save his folk frum thaer sins."

Alle this happened to fullfyll wat hed said thru the Prophet: "The virgin will bare a son, and thay will call him Ammanuel" (wich means 'God is wid ves'). When he hed waked frum his sleep, Joseph did as the angel ot Lord hed bid, and took Mary home as his wife. But he didna bed wid her till she birthed a son. And he gave him the name Jesus.

— Matthew 1:18–21