Shangean Civil War: Difference between revisions
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|result=Decisive Xiaodongese [[Army of National Salvation (Xiaodong)|Army of National Salvation]] victory | |result=Decisive Xiaodongese [[Army of National Salvation (Xiaodong)|Army of National Salvation]] victory | ||
*Overthrow of the Xiaodongese Emperor | *Overthrow of the Xiaodongese Emperor | ||
*Dissolution of the [[Six Province Alliance]] | |||
*Suppression of national movements | *Suppression of national movements | ||
*Creation of the [[Xiaodong|Auspicious Republic of Xiaodong]] | *Creation of the [[Xiaodong|Auspicious Republic of Xiaodong]] | ||
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*[[File:Flag of Xiaodong (1876-1951).png|22x20px]] [[Xiaodong Regeneration Society]] | *[[File:Flag of Xiaodong (1876-1951).png|22x20px]] [[Xiaodong Regeneration Society]] | ||
*[[File:Xiaodongese Communist party flag.png|22x20px]] [[Workers' and Peasants' Movement]] | *[[File:Xiaodongese Communist party flag.png|22x20px]] [[Workers' and Peasants' Movement]] | ||
<hr>'''Other revolutionary armies'''<br>[[File:BlackFlag.svg|22x20px]] [[Black Army (Xiaodong)|Black Army]]<br>[[File:SDAPOe logo.svg|22x20px]] [[Xiaodongese Section of the Workers' International|Red Army]]<br>[[File:Tinzarlm.png|22x20px]] [[Revolutionary Labour Movement]] | |||
|combatant2= [[File:Flag of Xiaodong 1934-1936.png|22x20px]] [[Six Province Alliance]]<hr>'''New republics'''<br>[[File:Duljan Kingdom Flag.png|22x20px]] [[Duljun Khanate|Duljun]]<br>[[File:Ensign of Chinese Customs (Qing Dynasty).svg|22x20px]] [[Ba Republic]]<br>[[File:Darma Republic Flag.png|22x20px]] [[Republic of Khaonam|Khaonam]]<br><hr>'''Foreign intervention'''<br>{{flag|Senria}}<br>[[File:Endlessknot.svg|22x20px]] [[Tinza]]<hr>'''Other armies'''<br>[[File:Flag of the Toki dynasty.png|22x20px]] [[Senrian Volunteer Army]]<br>[[File:SS Totenkopf Fahne.svg|22x20px]] [[Black Legion]] | |||
|combatant2= [[File:Flag of Xiaodong 1934-1936.png|22x20px]] [[ | |commander2 = [[File:Flag of Xiaodong 1934-1936.png|22x20px]] [[Shao Yuzhang]]<br>[[File:Flag of Xiaodong 1934-1936.png|22x20px]] [[Qian Shaozheng]]<br>[[File:Duljan Kingdom Flag.png|22x20px]] [[Jamuken Mu]]<br>[[File:Duljan Kingdom Flag.png|22x20px]] [[Tongniyot]]<br>[[File:Ensign of Chinese Customs (Qing Dynasty).svg|22x20px]] [[Jiâu Kiûnchiau]]<br>[[File:Darma Republic Flag.png|22x20px]] [[Arjun Raj Dhakal]]<br>{{flagicon|Senria}} [[Sintarou Miyu|Miyu Sintarou]]<br>[[File:Flag of the Toki dynasty.png|22x20px]] [[Ousima Nobutaka]]<br>[[File:SS Totenkopf Fahne.svg|22x20px]] [[Seldon]] | ||
|commander2 = | |commander1 = [[File:Flag of Xiaodong (1876-1951).png|22x20px]] [[Lu Keqian]]<br>[[File:Flag of Xiaodong (1876-1951).png|22x20px]] [[Zhou Hongkui]]<br>[[File:Flag of Xiaodong (1876-1951).png|22x20px]] [[Shen Jinping]]<br>[[File:Flag of Xiaodong (1876-1951).png|22x20px]] [[Yu Changshao]]<br>[[File:Flag of Xiaodong (1876-1951).png|22x20px]] [[Chen Xuechang]]<br>[[File:Xiaodongese Communist party flag.png|22x20px]] [[Fang Lianzhong]]<br>[[File:Xiaodongese Communist party flag.png|22x20px]] [[Chen Shuwen]]<br>[[File:SDAPOe logo.svg|22x20px]] [[Zhang Guangchun]]<Br>[[File:BlackFlag.svg|22x20px]] [[Mao Jufeng]]<br>[[File:Tinzarlm.png|22x20px]] [[Pha-pa dmar]]<br>[[File:Tinzarlm.png|22x20px]] [[Dhompa]] | ||
|commander1 = [[File:Flag of Xiaodong (1876-1951).png|22x20px]] [[Lu Keqian]]<br>[[File:Flag of Xiaodong (1876-1951).png|22x20px]] [[Zhou Hongkui]]<br>[[File:Flag of Xiaodong (1876-1951).png|22x20px]] [[Shen Jinping]]<br>[[File:Flag of Xiaodong (1876-1951).png|22x20px]] [[Yu Changshao]]<br>[[File:Flag of Xiaodong (1876-1951).png|22x20px]] [[Chen Xuechang]]<br>[[File:Xiaodongese Communist party flag.png|22x20px]] [[Fang Lianzhong]]<br>[[File:Xiaodongese Communist party flag.png|22x20px]] [[Chen Shuwen]]<br>[[File: | |||
|strength1= A lot of soldiers | |strength1= A lot of soldiers | ||
|strength2 = A lot of soldiers<br>~even more armed volunteers | |strength2 = A lot of soldiers<br>~even more armed volunteers | ||
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|notes= | |notes= | ||
}} | }} | ||
The '''Xiaodongese Civil War''' (''{{wp|Mandarin Chinese|Xiaodongese}}'': '''晓东内战'''; ''Xiǎodōng Nèizhàn'') also known as the '''War for National Salvation''' ('''救国战争'''; ''Jiùguó Zhànzhēng'') was an armed conflict that occurred from the [[Corrective Revolution (Xiaodong)|Corrective Revolution]] in 1936 to the fall of Kuoqing in 1940. It was fought between the | The '''Xiaodongese Civil War''' (''{{wp|Mandarin Chinese|Xiaodongese}}'': '''晓东内战'''; ''Xiǎodōng Nèizhàn'') also known as the '''War for National Salvation''' ('''救国战争'''; ''Jiùguó Zhànzhēng'') was an armed conflict that occurred from the [[Corrective Revolution (Xiaodong)|Corrective Revolution]] in 1936 to the fall of Kuoqing in 1940. It was fought between the [[Army of National Salvation (Xiaodong)|Army of National Salvation]] led by [[Lu Keqian]] and formed out of a coalition of the [[Xiaodong Regeneration Society]] and the [[Workers' and Peasants' Movement]], the [[Six Province Alliance]] and several other movements including various secessionist movements and foreign governments. | ||
The war began when elements of the Xiaodongese army disillusioned from the central government created the Xiaodong Regeneration Society and the Army of National Salvation in the north of the country before launching an uprising known as the "Corrective Revolution", setting up an alternate government in [[Rongzhuo]] led by [[Lu Keqian]] | The war began when elements of the Xiaodongese army disillusioned from the central government created the Xiaodong Regeneration Society and the Army of National Salvation in the north of the country before launching an uprising known as the "Corrective Revolution", setting up an alternate government in [[Rongzhuo]] led by [[Lu Keqian]] and overthrowing the [[Republic of Xiaodong]] in [[Baiqiao]]. Lu's takover was opposed by the western provincial governors whose armies resisted Lu's attempts to impose national control over them, leading to the creation of the Army for the Protection of the Constitution (commonly known as the [[Six Province Alliance]]) that sought to dislodge the new Rongzhuo government. | ||
The initial stages of the war saw gains for the | In response to the destabilisation caused by the Corrective Revolution uprisings by the minority ethnic communities of Xiaodong led to the creation of several independent republics in [[Duljun Khanate|Duljun]], [[Ba Republic]] and [[Republic of Darma|Darma]] alongside the creation of other militia's ranging from ethnic Senrian forces to anarchist irregulars. This was compounded by interventions from neighbouring nations such as [[Senria]] and [[Tinza]] all whom possessed conflicting aims. | ||
The initial stages of the war saw gains for the Rongzhuo governments forces thanks to large defections from the army, mass civil unrest and general hostility to the Six Province Alliance. Intervention from foreign governments, a failed offensive on Kuoqing and the presence of the newly founded ethnic republics halted the Army of National Salvation's advance between 1937-1938 which also saw gains for some of the various parties. In 1940 the Army of National Salvation took the city of Kuoqing, the last hold-out of the Six Province Alliance formally becoming the undisputed legitimate government of Xiaodong. | |||
The civil war saw massive economic destruction, displacement and atrocities from all sides. The civil war ended over 3,000 years of monarchy in Xiaodong bringing to power the Xiaodong Regeneration Society which created a corporatist, "guided democracy" under the doctrine of [[National Principlism]]. | The civil war saw massive economic destruction, displacement and atrocities from all sides. The civil war ended over 3,000 years of monarchy in Xiaodong bringing to power the Xiaodong Regeneration Society which created a corporatist, "guided democracy" under the doctrine of [[National Principlism]]. | ||
==Background== | ==Background== | ||
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The [[Senrian-Xiaodongese War]] of 1927-1933 had resulted in the total military defeat of the [[Heavenly Xiaodongese Empire]] at the hands of [[Senria]] and [[Tuthina]] and in March 1933 saw the collapse of the Heavenly Empire following the overthrow of the [[Shanrong Emperor]] and declaration of the [[State of Xiaodong]], a {{Wp|provisional government}} under the control of the [[Taiyi Emperor]]. In April 1933 the Prime Minister of Xiaodong Shao Yuzhang signed the [[Treaty of Keishi]] which committed Xiaodong to paying ¥1,450,000,000,000 in reparations to Senria, taking full responsibility for the war and dropping territorial claims to Sakata. | The [[Senrian-Xiaodongese War]] of 1927-1933 had resulted in the total military defeat of the [[Heavenly Xiaodongese Empire]] at the hands of [[Senria]] and [[Tuthina]] and in March 1933 saw the collapse of the Heavenly Empire following the overthrow of the [[Shanrong Emperor]] and declaration of the [[State of Xiaodong]], a {{Wp|provisional government}} under the control of the [[Taiyi Emperor]]. In April 1933 the Prime Minister of Xiaodong Shao Yuzhang signed the [[Treaty of Keishi]] which committed Xiaodong to paying ¥1,450,000,000,000 in reparations to Senria, taking full responsibility for the war and dropping territorial claims to Sakata. | ||
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During the summer of 1933 political polarisation increased as the radical left and nationalist right agitated for the fall of the State of Xiaodong, either attempting a restoration of the Heavenly Empire or the creation of a socialist state. Attempts to dispel such violence was hampered by the fact that the army was still deployed fighting Min and Tinza and that there was often a hostility to the central government by local functionaries. In July 1933, Chairman of the Regeneration Society and war hero [[Lu Keqian]] met with [[Rao Junzhao]], the leader of the Workers' Party, to discuss the possibility of a joint left-nationalist alliance to create a national socialist-republic that would abrogate the Treaty of Keishi. Rao rejected Lu's offer on the grounds of Lu's nationalism. | During the summer of 1933 political polarisation increased as the radical left and nationalist right agitated for the fall of the State of Xiaodong, either attempting a restoration of the Heavenly Empire or the creation of a socialist state. Attempts to dispel such violence was hampered by the fact that the army was still deployed fighting Min and Tinza and that there was often a hostility to the central government by local functionaries. In July 1933, Chairman of the Regeneration Society and war hero [[Lu Keqian]] met with [[Rao Junzhao]], the leader of the Workers' Party, to discuss the possibility of a joint left-nationalist alliance to create a national socialist-republic that would abrogate the Treaty of Keishi. Rao rejected Lu's offer on the grounds of Lu's nationalism. | ||
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==Corrective Revolution== | ==Corrective Revolution== | ||
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Revision as of 14:32, 15 March 2020
The Xiaodongese Civil War (Xiaodongese: 晓东内战; Xiǎodōng Nèizhàn) also known as the War for National Salvation (救国战争; Jiùguó Zhànzhēng) was an armed conflict that occurred from the Corrective Revolution in 1936 to the fall of Kuoqing in 1940. It was fought between the Army of National Salvation led by Lu Keqian and formed out of a coalition of the Xiaodong Regeneration Society and the Workers' and Peasants' Movement, the Six Province Alliance and several other movements including various secessionist movements and foreign governments.
The war began when elements of the Xiaodongese army disillusioned from the central government created the Xiaodong Regeneration Society and the Army of National Salvation in the north of the country before launching an uprising known as the "Corrective Revolution", setting up an alternate government in Rongzhuo led by Lu Keqian and overthrowing the Republic of Xiaodong in Baiqiao. Lu's takover was opposed by the western provincial governors whose armies resisted Lu's attempts to impose national control over them, leading to the creation of the Army for the Protection of the Constitution (commonly known as the Six Province Alliance) that sought to dislodge the new Rongzhuo government.
In response to the destabilisation caused by the Corrective Revolution uprisings by the minority ethnic communities of Xiaodong led to the creation of several independent republics in Duljun, Ba Republic and Darma alongside the creation of other militia's ranging from ethnic Senrian forces to anarchist irregulars. This was compounded by interventions from neighbouring nations such as Senria and Tinza all whom possessed conflicting aims.
The initial stages of the war saw gains for the Rongzhuo governments forces thanks to large defections from the army, mass civil unrest and general hostility to the Six Province Alliance. Intervention from foreign governments, a failed offensive on Kuoqing and the presence of the newly founded ethnic republics halted the Army of National Salvation's advance between 1937-1938 which also saw gains for some of the various parties. In 1940 the Army of National Salvation took the city of Kuoqing, the last hold-out of the Six Province Alliance formally becoming the undisputed legitimate government of Xiaodong.
The civil war saw massive economic destruction, displacement and atrocities from all sides. The civil war ended over 3,000 years of monarchy in Xiaodong bringing to power the Xiaodong Regeneration Society which created a corporatist, "guided democracy" under the doctrine of National Principlism.