Dar Al Hamma

Dar Al Hamma دار الحامة
Metropolis/Capital city
Dar Al Hamma
The Muntasir Economic District, in the southeastern suburbs of Dar Al Hamma.
Nickname(s):  الرائعة Ar Raii'ea The beautiful
Location within Salamat
Country	Salamat
Province	Dar Al Hamma (province)
Daira	Daira of Dar Al Hamma
Baladiya	Baladiyat of Dar Al Hamma
Capital	Dar Al Hamma
Government
• Body	Baladiyat of Dar Al Hamma
• Mayor	Zakaria Bashari (Front for a Democratic and United Salamat)
Elevation	16 m (52 ft)
Highest elevation	185 m (607 ft)
Lowest elevation	0 m (0 ft)
Population  (2022)
• Total	3,128,935
• Rank	1st
• Metro	5,720,324
Demonym	Hammadi
Time zone	UTC-1
Postal code	01001-01040
Area code	+395-01
Website	www.baladiyatdaralhamma.sl

Dar Al Hamma (Arabic : دار الحامة) is the biggest and the most populous city of Salamat, and the capital of Salamat. Its population (surrounding cities included) is of 5,720,324 as of 2022. It is located in the Dar Al Hamma gulf, in eastern Salamat. The local geography includes hills, Oued Hamma, which crosses the city and a coastal plain, where most of the population is concentrated.

Geography

The geography of the region is marked by three elements ; The Jadhab-Hani plain, where most of the agriculture of Salamat as well as most of the suburbs of Dar Al Hamma are located (except the Casbah and the Bab Al Casabah districts located on a hill facing the sea), hills in the Hani Peninsula, as well as east and south of Dar Al Hamma which protects the city from dust and sand coming from the southeast, and the two major rivers of the city, the Oued Hamma and the Oued Frik. The mean elevation is of 16 meters, with the lowest point being the port of Dar Al Hamma at sea level and the highest area being the Mansur Hill, culminating at 185 meters above sea level.

Climate

The climate of Dar Al Hamma is a tropical savanna climate (Koppen : Aw). The box below is more detailed ;

Climate data for Dar Al Hamma-Shahid Airport (1990–2020 averages)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	36.8 (98.2)	36.2 (97.2)	35.7 (96.3)	35.4 (95.7)	35.2 (95.4)	35.4 (95.7)	35.2 (95.4)	35.8 (96.4)	36.1 (97.0)	36.9 (98.4)	37.2 (99.0)	37.5 (99.5)	37.5 (99.5)
Average high °C (°F)	29.9 (85.8)	28.4 (83.1)	28.2 (82.8)	27.9 (82.2)	26.8 (80.2)	26.3 (79.3)	26.5 (79.7)	26.9 (80.4)	27.3 (81.1)	28.7 (83.7)	29.3 (84.7)	30.0 (86.0)	28.0 (82.4)
Daily mean °C (°F)	26.5 (79.7)	25.9 (78.6)	25.1 (77.2)	24.5 (76.1)	23.8 (74.8)	23.6 (74.5)	23.5 (74.3)	23.7 (74.7)	24.6 (76.3)	25.3 (77.5)	25.8 (78.4)	26.6 (79.9)	24.9 (76.8)
Average low °C (°F)	19.6 (67.3)	18.9 (66.0)	18.6 (65.5)	18.3 (64.9)	17.1 (62.8)	16.5 (61.7)	16.6 (61.9)	17.4 (63.3)	18.2 (64.8)	18.5 (65.3)	19.2 (66.6)	19.5 (67.1)	18.2 (64.8)
Record low °C (°F)	14.3 (57.7)	13.9 (57.0)	11.2 (52.2)	11.4 (52.5)	9.8 (49.6)	8.7 (47.7)	8.4 (47.1)	9.3 (48.7)	10.2 (50.4)	9.8 (49.6)	10.5 (50.9)	12.3 (54.1)	8.4 (47.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	248.4 (9.78)	169.9 (6.69)	115.2 (4.54)	65.7 (2.59)	18.5 (0.73)	2.0 (0.08)	4.1 (0.16)	10.6 (0.42)	37.0 (1.46)	62.1 (2.44)	138.8 (5.46)	153.2 (6.03)	1,025.5 (40.38)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	23	18	16	10	2	0	0	1	4	7	16	19	116
Source: weathersalamat.com.sl

The climate of Dar Al Hamma is also marked by the winds from the southeast, which bring dust and sand from the desert in inner Thrismari, although being attenuated by the hills behind the city. These winds also lower the temperatures. During the night and during some periods of the year (early March, mid October), the winds blow from the north, bringing warm air and sometimes thunderstorms (especially in early March). During the dry season, the sky is clear, or partially cloudy, while during the wet season, the sky is mostly cloudy, with rare clear days.

Districts

Postal codes of the Dar Al Hamma districts

Dar Al Hamma has 40 districts. The most important districts are :

• Casbah, which hosts the old city of Dar Al Hamma. This district has a big historical value.
• Centre, which hosts most of the Riamese colonial architecture of the city and the Independence Square, the defined center of Dar Al Hamma. It also hosts the city hall.
• Bab Casbah, which has the Monument of the Martyrs and the Mansur Hill as symbols.
• El Khidj, which hosts the famous Jalal Ahmed Promenade.
• Muntasir, which acts as the economical district of Dar Al Hamma. It has the biggest concentration of skyscrapers in the city and it also hosts the Muntasir Commercial Center, the biggest of Salamat.
• Marsad, which hosts the Marsad Park and the Dar Al Hamma Observatory.

Transportation

Public transportation

Public transportation in Dar Al Hamma consists of a mix of bus, metro, tramway and taxi services.

The city's bus system is the most extensive form of public transportation, with a fleet of over 1,500 buses serving the city and surrounding areas. The buses are operated by several different companies and are relatively affordable, but they can become quite crowded during peak hours.

The city also has a metro system, which first opened in 1982, consisting of 3 lines and 50 stations. The metro system is considered to be one of the most efficient and reliable forms of transportation in the city, and is particularly useful for getting around the city center and the more densely populated areas.

In addition to buses and the metro, Dar Al Hamma also has a large fleet of taxis, which can be hailed on the street or booked in advance. The taxis are generally affordable, but prices can vary depending on the time of day and the level of traffic.

The city also has a limited bike-sharing system, which allows residents and visitors to rent bicycles from various locations around the city for a small fee. This is a great option for those who want to explore the city on their own and avoid traffic congestion.

Finally, Dar Al Hamma also has a tramway system, implemented in the eastern part of the city, and serving the residential area not desserved by the metro. It was opened in 2012 and consists of a single line.

Overall, the public transportation system in Dar Al Hamma is considered to be relatively good, providing residents and visitors with a variety of options for getting around the city. However, there are areas for improvement such as expanding services to the outskirts of the city, and updating the infrastructure of the bus and metro systems.

Rail transportation

Rail transportation in Dar Al Hamma is operated by the NCSR. The rail system consists of 2 lines, connecting the city center with its suburban areas, as well as providing inter-city services to neighboring towns and cities.

The rail system in Dar Al Hamma is considered to be a major mode of transportation for commuters and travelers, with trains running at frequent intervals during peak hours and less frequently during off-peak hours. The trains are modern and comfortable, with air-conditioning and seating arrangements.

The city's main railway station, Dar Al Hamma rail station, is located in the heart of the city and serves as the hub for both inter-city and suburban rail services. The station is well-connected to other forms of public transportation, such as buses and metro lines, making it easy for passengers to transfer between different modes of transportation.

In recent years, there have been efforts to improve and expand the rail transportation system in Dar Al Hamma. This includes the construction of new railway lines and stations, as well as the upgrading and modernization of existing infrastructure. These projects aim to increase the rail system's capacity, improve its efficiency, and provide better services to the city's residents and visitors.

Despite these improvements, the rail transportation system in Dar Al Hamma still faces some challenges. These include congestion during peak hours, limited coverage of certain areas, and a lack of integration with other forms of transportation. The government and the NCSR are working to address these issues and improve the overall rail transportation experience in the city.

Air transportation

Air transportation in Dar Al Hamma is served by two airports: Dar Al Hamma-Shahid Airport and Dar Al Hamma International Airport.

Dar Al Hamma-Shahid Airport is the primary airport serving the city and its surrounding areas. It is a modern facility that handles both domestic and international flights, with multiple airlines operating out of the airport. The airport has a capacity of handling 30 million passengers per year, and it features a variety of amenities such as duty-free shops, restaurants, and lounges.

Dar Al Hamma International Airport is a secondary airport that was previously in operation but is now abandoned. The airport was built in 1944 as a Riamese airbase and since 1969, was used for international and domestic flights, like its counterpart. However, due to the lack of transportation, the distance from city center, and safety threats, the airport was closed down in March 1993 and has been left unused since. It is currently in a state of disrepair and is not suitable for use as an active airport.

Overall, air transportation in Dar Al Hamma is well-established, with the primary airport providing comprehensive services to meet the needs of both domestic and international travelers. However, the abandoned airport is a missed opportunity for the city's air transportation system and its potential future development.

Monuments and other remarkable areas

Dar Al Hamma is full of monuments, including ;

• Monument of the Martyrs,
• Independence Square, a Riamese-built square used as PK 0 of Dar Al Hamma,
• Casbah, the old city of Dar Al Hamma,
• Jalal Ahmed Promenade,
• Al Jazira, an island in the Dar Al Hamma gulf, facing the western part of Dar Al Hamma,
• Marsad Park, hosting the observatory,
• Waladiya Park, the biggest park of Dar Al Hamma, named after president Mohammed Waladiya,
• Great Mosque of Dar Al Hamma,
• Al Walid Hotel, the tallest of Salamat.

Sports

Dar Al Hamma is home to two stadiums :

The Dar Djamail Stadium, located in West Dar Djamail District, and the Berkani Stadium, the biggest of Salamat. Both are home to two rival football clubs :

• Dar Al Hamma SC (Berkani Stadium, also home to the Salamat National Football Team),
• Dar Al Hamma FC (Dar Djamail Stadium).

Dar Al Hamma also counts a basketball team, the Hamma Cheetahs, and a rugby team.

Media

Television

Television in Dar Al Hamma has undergone significant changes in recent years. The city's residents have access to a variety of local and international channels, both via traditional terrestrial broadcasting and through satellite and cable services.

The state-owned broadcaster, SLTV, is the main provider of television services in the city. It offers a mix of news, entertainment, and educational programming, with a focus on promoting the country's culture and values. The state-owned broadcaster also operates several specialty channels, including a sports channel, a children's channel, a religious channel, and a cultural channel.

In addition to the state-owned broadcaster, there are also several privately-owned television stations in the city. These stations offer a wider range of programming, including dramas, comedies, and reality shows, as well as news and current affairs programs. Some of these stations are also available via satellite or cable services and can be received by viewers in other parts of the country.

The satellite television market has grown rapidly in recent years, with many households in the city now subscribing to one of the international satellite providers. These providers offer a wide range of international channels, including news, entertainment, and sports channels, and are available in multiple languages.

Internet-based streaming services have also become increasingly popular in the city, with many residents now accessing their favorite shows and movies online. These services are typically available on a subscription basis and can be accessed through a variety of devices, including smartphones, tablets, and smart TVs.

TV and radio transmissions are operated from the Dar Al Hamma radiotelevision tower in the Mourad Triki district.

Overall, television in Dar Al Hamma offers a diverse range of programming options to its residents, providing both local and international content through traditional broadcasting, satellite and cable services, and internet-based streaming services.

Radio

Radio in Dar Al Hamma is a popular and diverse medium that serves as a source of news, entertainment, and cultural expression for the local population. There are a variety of radio stations available, with programming that ranges from music and talk shows to sports and religious programming.

The radio landscape in this city is dominated by state-owned and privately-owned stations, with a mix of both local and national broadcasters. The state-owned stations tend to focus on news and information, while the privately-owned stations often specialize in music and entertainment. Many of the radio stations are also available online, making it easy for people to listen to their favorite programs from anywhere in the city.

The popularity of radio in this city is due in part to its accessibility and affordability. Radio is available to people of all income levels and education levels, and it is a cost-effective way for people to stay informed and entertained. Additionally, radio is seen as a trusted source of information, particularly in times of crisis or political uncertainty.

Overall, radio in Dar Al Hamma plays a vital role in the cultural and social fabric of the community, providing a platform for voices from diverse backgrounds and perspectives to be heard.

Internet

Internet access in the Salamati capital has been steadily increasing in recent years, thanks to government initiatives and private sector investments. As of 2021, it is estimated that over 80% of the population has access to the internet, either through a fixed broadband connection or a mobile device.

The city's government has made significant efforts to improve internet infrastructure and connectivity, particularly in underserved areas. In 2018, the city launched a program to install free Wi-Fi hotspots in public spaces, such as parks, monuments and squares, making it easier for residents to access the internet. Additionally, the government has invested in upgrading existing internet infrastructure and laying new fiber-optic cables to improve internet speeds.

In addition to government efforts, private companies have also played a significant role in expanding internet access in Dar Al Hamma. Major telecommunications companies (Salamobile, Alcotel, GSMSIM) offer a range of internet packages, including high-speed broadband and mobile internet, to suit different needs and budgets. As a result, internet penetration has been growing across the city, with more and more people enjoying the benefits of fast and reliable internet access.

Despite these positive developments, there are still some areas of the city where internet access is limited or non-existent. The city's poorer areas, for example, often lack the necessary infrastructure to support high-speed internet, and many residents in these areas still rely on slower, more expensive forms of connectivity. Additionally, some residents may not be able to afford internet access, which can create a digital divide between those who can and those who cannot access the internet.

Overall, internet access in the Salamati city of Dar Al Hamma has come a long way in recent years, but there is still work to be done to ensure that all residents have access to fast and reliable internet. The government and private sector must continue to invest in infrastructure and affordability programs to bridge the digital divide and promote greater connectivity for all.

Foreign embassies and consulates

Dar Al Hamma is home to TBA embassies and consulates. Here is the list of diplomatic buildings in the city ;

Country	Address	Phone number	Ambassador
Gassasinia	12 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma	(+395)-01-01-9482192	Fatima Fawwaz
Kakland	10 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma	(+395)-01-01-3810463	Ensarah Is
Khirmania	14 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma (Before 1984 : 26 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma)	(+395)-01-01-2154526	Marie Adlawan
Riamo and Freice	13 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma	Riamo : (+395)-01-01-2943027 Freice : (+395)-01-01-0119237	Riamo : Abdelwahhab Al-Hazar
Gran Rugido	11 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma	(+395)-01-01-4931742	Mauricio Torresani
Nexalan	9 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma	(+395)-01-01-2287109	Amark DeSantis
Sauthar	25 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma	(+395)-01-01-0176546	Gunnar Ólafur Gunnartról
Frarstizk	20 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma	(+395)-01-01-9302672	Uldrich Kaldervask
Barceria	18 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma	(+395)-01-01-2738190	Elise Lindgren
Federation of Ekharnia	19 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma	(+395)-01-01-1290184	Artyom Grigorivich Ashkhältyov
Tmetamsten	16 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma	(+395)-01-01-1038941	Sten hňetar
Senefpat	17 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma	(+395)-01-01-7248492	Angeota Ceontrejet
Zona Umida	15 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma	(+395)-01-01-3360245	Marriet Konokord
Ezenchia	8 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma	(+395)-01-01-7674373	TBA
Kentalis	7 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma	(+395)-01-01-8914712	Emin Khassanvić
Ahia	6 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma	(+395)-01-01-0357238	Kjorvjok Nukuski
Morrawia	21 Diplomats Street, Al Fathi, Dar Al Hamma	(+395)-01-01-8359128	Iwona Konieczka