Royal Reform Acts

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The Royal Reform Acts of 1952, alternatively called the 1952 amendments or simply the 1952 Reforms (colloquially), are a series of high-profile and controversial electoral, military, and intelligence reforms and constitutional amendments passed by the reconstituted Royal Knesset in Yisrael after the Year of Blood, primarily weakening the powers of the Monarchy of Yisrael and systematically reorganizing elections in Yisrael, introducing an Electoral College and a de facto two-party presidential system.

Since January 2020, King Hezekiah III invoked his emergency legal nullification reserve power to null and void the sections of the 1952 Acts restricting his royal powers and privileges. A month later in late February 2020, a Conservative-led Knesset majority formally repealed those invalidated sections, and the repeal bill was signed into law by President Yitzchok Katz. The Act provisions forcing the monarch to make President the de facto commander-in-chief of the Royal Yisraeli Defense Forces was repealed, as were limits on the King's counter-veto of presidential vetos and Knesset legislation, and led to a full restoration of royal reserve powers. Attempts by Constitutional Liberal lawmakers and liberal groups to sue to restore the provisions were blocked by the courts.

Background

Legislation

Lobbying and campaign

Bill passage

Overview of provisions

Aftermath

See also