Adesine
Republic of the Adésine | |
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 Flag
 Coat of arms
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| Motto: "L'unité par la diversité" ("Unity through diversity") | |
| Anthem: "Ô Adésine" (Estmerish: O Adésine")  | |
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| Capital | Granville |
| Largest city | Granville |
| Official languages | 4 languages: |
| Ethnic groups (2017) |
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| Religion (2019) |
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| Demonym(s) | Adésine |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Vincent Aphiwe Nombulelo | |
| Noël Kléber Abbas | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| National Assembly | |
| Independence from United Bahian Republic | |
• Declared | 1 July 1964 |
• Adésine Civil War | 30 April 1966 |
• End of Adésine Civil War | 4 January 1980 |
• Admitted to the CBS | TBD |
| Area | |
• Total | 364,300 km2 (140,700 sq mi) |
• Water (%) | 2.4% |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 24,156,819 |
• 2019 census | 23,744,650 |
| GDP (PPP) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | $37.44 billion |
• Per capita | $1,530 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | $15.24 billion |
• Per capita | $644 |
| Gini (2019) |  52.8high |
| HDI (2020) |  0.528low |
| Currency | Adésine Gaul (AGL) |
| Time zone | +3 |
| Date format | dd-mm-yyyy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +87 |
| ISO 3166 code | ASE |
| Internet TLD | .ase |
The Republic of the Adesine (Gaullican: République du Adésine), also known as RD Adesine, ROA, or simply the Adesine, is located in Central Bahia, on the continent of Coius. It is bordered by Mabifia to the southwest, Rwizikuru to the south, and Garambura to the southeast. The capital city of the Adésine is Granville, which is also the largest city and financial centre of the country.
The river Adesine forms the western border of the nation, and is the geographical entity the nation is named after. The Gonda river flows from west to east, along the Barindi Valley. Evelin Falls, one of the biggest waterfalls in the world, is located in the south of the county and is part of the Gonda river. The Rwizikuru river originates in the extreme south of the country. The coast and the majority of the Adesine are low-lying savanna and fertile farmland, known as the Belt. This gives way to a vast, elevated plateau in central Adesine, with elevations ranging from 1000 to 2300 metres. Known as the Great Central Highlands, it forms a natural barrier between the north and south of the country. The Barindi Valley cuts the Great Central Highlands off from the Southern Highlands, and forms the western half of the greater Gonda Valley. Barindi wine is one of the major exports of the Barindi valley, and has seen a marked increase in foreign popularity since the 2000s. The Nyikaitsva Mountains and the Makomo EkuMabvazuva Mountains form the southern border between the Adesine and Rwizikuru, and are collectively known as the Southern Highlands.
Since the 11th century, present-day Adesine has been the site of several kingdoms and empires, and has been a major route for migration and trade. The Adesine Protectorate, which was part of the greater Adesine colonial possessions of Gaullica, was transfered to Werania after the end of the Great War (Kylaris). Following independence in 1949, Adesine joined the United Bahian States in 1954. Several disagreements in foreign and domestic issues caused the United Bahian States to collapse, the Adesine withdrawing in 1964.
The population is young, and predominantly located on the banks of the Adesine and Gonda rivers. Native to the Adesine area are the Asili people, who originated from coastal areas but have migrated inland over thousands of years. The second largest ethnic group are the Rubandans, who emigrated east across the Adesine river in the 16th-17th centuries, displacing the Asili that formerly lived there. Other ethnic groups include the Njarendie in the south-west, and the Sisulu in the south-east. Sotirianity is the largest religion of the country; Asili is the principal language, while Gaullican serves as the lingua franca and is thought from primary school. Following the Adesine Civil War (1966-1980), which caused the deaths of 400,000 people, the government has been dominated by the Popular Front of the Adesine (FPA), and has been led by Prime Minister Noël Kléber Abbas since 2010. Today, government corruption has been stymied and economic development is improving. However, Abbas and his government have been accussed of suppressing political rivals, intimidation and restrictions to freedom of speech.
The economy of the Adesine was devastated by the Adesine Civil War, but has strengthened since the 1980s. Successive governments have, however, failed to deliver on promises of economic development as well as religious unity, and have fallen to infighting. Abbas has used paternalistic policies to ensure progress in the country.
Entymology
The origins of the word Adesine are unknown, however it was coined by Jean-Pierre Grange, one of the first Euclean explorers to set foot in the Adesine region. Previously, the area was known as Ardhi ya Mito, the Land of Rivers in the Asili language. The Adesine river became a popular symbol of nationalism for the Asili people. Following disagreements by the various ethnicities over what to call the region, it was decided that when the country achieved its independence in 1949, the country would be known as the Adesine.
History
Main articles: History of the Adesine and Adesine Civil War
Politics and Government
The Adesine is a parliamentary republic. The president is head of state and exercises executive power on the advice of his ministers. The prime minister is head of government and is appointed by the president as the person most likely to command the confidence of a majority of Parliament. Cabinet is chosen by the prime minister and formally appointed by the president.
The president is directly elected by popular vote for a renewable four year term. Following the 2018 Government Reform Act, the President must be a member of an ethnic minority, and requirements for the position are extremely stringent. The president cannot be part of any political party.
The prime minister is elected by popular vote for an unlimited number of four year terms, following the 2018 Government Reform Act. The Popular Front of the Adesine is a dominant force in the politics of the country, and has held continual power since independence. Oppoition political parties are active in the country. However, they are often sidelined by the well financed FPA political machine. The FPA has maintained large majorities in the senate and national assembly; in the 2018 General Elections, the FPA won x/y districts, with 63% of the popular vote. Prime Minister Abbas' government has been described as 'authoritarian' by human rights groups. His popularity remains high, however, due to the relative economic prosperity enjoyed during his tenure as prime minister.
The judicial system is based on the Adesine Common Law, an independent legal system to distance itself from previous colonial systems, established in 1989. It remains the the basis for criminal code in the region with a few exceptions, amendments and repeals since the law came into force. Trial by Jury was abolished in 1992, and capital punishment continues to be administered as punishment for severe offenses. One case that gained international recognition was that of Johannes Brouwen (Brouwen v Adesine), who was sentenced to death in 2015 for attempting to smuggle 2 kilograms of grounded rhinocerous tusk from the country in his luggage.
Foreign Relations
Military
Human Rights
Geography
The Adesine is located in Central Bahia, and is similar in size to Velzemia. The highest natural point is Mount Nyukile in the Southern Highlands, at 2,891 metres above sea level.