Yi
High Kingdom of Yi Xŭn Diyŭxisŏ tsi Yi | |
|---|---|
 Flag | |
| Motto: Siuhŭ tsi Yus "Our Blood" | |
| Anthem: Sidehŏ! "Behold!" | |
 The High Kingdom of Yi (larger version) | |
| Capital | Ŭtasiĭ |
| Largest city | Ciiūwahĕ |
| Official languages | Yirō |
| Ethnic groups | Yi |
| Demonym(s) | Yi |
| Government | constitutional and federative monarchy |
• High King | Tĕxiú Bŭn-On |
• Chief Magistrate | Xiie Pĭxéyŏ |
| Legislature | Revised Assembly |
| History | |
• formation | 934 CE |
| Population | |
• 2019 estimate | 82,314,226 |
| GDP (nominal) | estimate |
• Total | $982.6 billion |
• Per capita | $13,588 |
| Currency | ciú |
| Time zone | UTC+1 |
| Date format | (dd/mm/yyyy) |
| Driving side | right |
| Internet TLD | .yi |
The High Kingdom of Yi (Yirō: Xŭn Diyŭxisŏ tsi Yi) is a semi-federal nation in southeastern Coius with a ceremonial head of state (the High King) who is an official elected for life. Although the title suggests that the High King is part of the nobility, commoners can be elected to this office as well since the introduction of the 1951 constitution. Political power lies with the Chief Magistrate and his cabinet. They answer to a unicameral parliament called the ‘Revised Assembly’, which has 81 members who are elected for a 1600 day term. Yi borders Xiaodong in the west, Cavunia in the northwest, and other countries in the north and south.
Etymology
The name Yi is the development into modern Yirō of Rei or Reija, which was one of the prominent tribes and later kingdoms before the establishment of the High Kingdom in 934 CE. The origin of those words is however uncertain as there are no plausible references to any other word in Yirō or in its preceding form Reivääh. The most common theory is that the name was derived from another language, now extinct, that used to be spoken in the region.
Geography and climate
Yi lies in Southeast Coius along several rivers that flow from west to east to the Vehemens Ocean at the point where the Coral Sea and the Banfura Sea meet. The most important of those rivers are (from north to south) Hĕxun (the 'Sandy River'), Fúfiujun (the 'Dragon River'), and Sōgōyi (the 'Red River'). Their sources can be found in the INTERNATIONAL NAME TO BE ADDED Mountains, which are locally known as the Hyihōzé, the 'Gates of the Mothers'.
History (Heavy WIP)
Written evidence of presence of proto-Yi tribes in Southeast Coius emerges as of 100 CE. The first dominant kingdoms are Reija (Yi) and Nggaktsen (Hazĕn). Nggaktsen falls however in 588 CE and the kingdom of Raaven (Wŭrĕn) more or less fills the gap. From 885 to 924 the so called 'War of Four' weakens the kingdom of Reija. Ütöingkë, the brother of the king of Raaven, intervenes but instead of annexing Reija for Raaven he declares himself High King of Rei/Yi as Siaura Ütöingkë (Siowa Inŭhŏ) and within ten years subjugates his brother and the other realms of the area.
Around 1000, High King Siaura Toontoaktu (Siowa Tiūsuegú) expands the territory of the High Kingdom to the south after a war with Qwehyong.
(until 1415: introduction of Satyism and possibly Xiaodong rule from 1332 to 1415 which is ended after the fall of the Tao Dynasty?)
Religious wars in the 16th century after the arrival of Sotirianity, which are ended with the Decree of Ciiūwahĕ that makes Sotirianity illegal and establishes the local Satyist doctrine Ciurŭtsĭhyu.
In 1897, in an effort to keep out more serious Euclian colonising powers, the Kings of minor power Florena are invited to become High Kings of Yi. In 1927, Florena was however invaded by Gaullican forces and Xiaodong used this opportunity to invade Yi, dragging it along into the Great War.
After the Great War a series of long protests against continuing social unequality in Yi leads to the adoption of a new constitution in 1951. The office of High King is no longer reserved to the head of one of the ruling houses of Yi and subsequent High Kings have been commoners. Although officially a democracy, elections are known to contain irregularities and between the 1960 and 1995 people tend to disappear in suspected fake trials behind closed doors.
Demographics
Yi's total population as of January 2019 was estimated to be 82,314,226 by the High Royal Bureau of Statistics, with a population growth rate estimated at 1.86% (2019). The population of Yi is relatively young with between 40-45% of the total population under 30 years of age. Ethnic Yi account for 94% of the population; the other 6% includes Xiaodongese, Cavunians, and others.
Languages
The official language of Yi is Yirō, which is taught at school throughout the country. Regional languages include Xiaodongese, Kunak, and others, as well as the small isolate language of Gilivkh, which is indigenous to the prefecture of Siōtsis and, with around 200 native speakers left in 2015, considered to be severely endangered.
Yirō has been written using a variant of the Euclean alfphabet since its introduction in 1912 to make it more accessible to Floren administrators. In the past the language was written in a local script t.b.d.. Since around 2000 there have been plans to reintroduce the traditional script but no serious effort has been made in that area since that moment.
Floren is still the most frequently spoken foreign language in Yi, followed by Gaullican, although the latter is slowly overtaking the former in popularity.
Religions
The country's major religion (although not officially) is Satyism, more specifically its Yi variant Ciurŭtsĭhyu.
Cities with over 1 million inhabitants
- Ciiūwahĕ (proper 6,341,112; urban/metro 8,722,351)
- Siutsiotsiūn (proper 5,200,810; urban 6,370,808; metro 11,072,444)
- Jumún (proper 4,207,756; urban/metro 8,077,516)
- Ŭtasiĭ (proper 2,080,341; urban 8,571,332; metro 14,847,391)
- Fiyüjiöyé (proper 1,608,451; urban 5,888,826; metro 7,071,262)
- Jiöyeniĭwīn (proper 1,370,308; urban/metro 4,107,000)
- Yehĭ (proper 1,355,299; urban 2,882,541; metro 7,061,005)
- Utsīkohĕ (proper 1,300,586; urban 1,970,255; metro 2,865,413)
- Sügĭ (proper 1,184,107; urban 1,983,159; metro 2,057,616)
- Yöyitsĭ (proper 1,113,084; urban/metro 3,071,518)
- Nieniĭjiĭ (proper 1,006,237; urban/metro 1,207,005)
Government
Yi is a semi-federal state in which the highest administrative sublevel, the prefectures, have extensive powers. On the federal level such things as the country's defence, international affairs, federal police, the economy (including taxes), and basic laws regarding other subjects are organised; the prefectures are responsible for such subjects as traffic, education, healthcare, housing, social security, etc. Prefectures are subdivided in provinces, which in turn are subdivided in municipalities.
The High King
The High King (Yirō: Xŭn Diyŏwŏs) is the head of state of Yi. Since the current constitution came into effect in 1951, the High King has almost no political power although he appoints and, in certain circumstances nominates, the Chief Magistrate and represents the country internationally. On paper he is the Commander in Chief but in practice it is the Chief Magistrate, the Magistrate for Defence, and the General Staff of the High Royal Armed Forces who fulfill the tasks related to this function. The High King has several social tasks however and acts as a religious symbol for which he partakes in several fixed rituals throughout the year.
From 934 to 1951 CE, the High King was elected by and from the heads of the monarchies that formed Yi (although there have been exceptions to this rule); since 1951, any citizen of Yi can be elected High King. The High King is nominated by the Chief Magistrate and elected by the combined legislatives of the 31 prefectures, an ad hoc institution known as the Tsiūn Wŭguniuciu or 'Great Gathering'. A High King's tenure is for life (although early removal from the post is possible if the High King disgraces the office). Between the death or removal of a previous High King and the election of his successor, the chairperson of the Revised Assembly assumes the High Kingship in an acting capacity.
As the office of High King has been an elective one since it was created in 934, the title is not extendable to family and spouses. The wife of a High King is therefore not a High Queen (but there have been High Queens who ruled in their own right) nor are their children 'High Princes'. The High King or Queen is addressed as 'His/Her/Your Elevated Majesty'.
List of High Kings since 1842:
- 1842 - 1890 Ro Dīsiah (*1819 - †1890, Elder Duke of Jiacian from 1840 to 1890)
- 1890 - 1897 Ro Hélŭwuo (*1881 - †1897, Elder Duke of Jiacian)
- 1897 - 1897 Ro Kūsy (*1883 - †1897, Elder Duke of Jiacian)
- 1897 - 1906 Lōyen Xiuekīn (*1823 - †1906, King of Florena as Joaquim III from 1866 to 1906)
- 1906 - 1921 Lōyen Mīkowo (*1844 - †1921, King of Florena as Micolau I)
- 1921 - 1927 Lōyen Garīye (*1861 - †1927, King of Florena as Gabriel II)
- 1927 - 1933 Time of Confusion
- 1933 - 1936 Siiuciú Diödiö (*1850 - †1936, Overlord of Tiucian from 1899 to 1936)
- 1936 - 1948 Siiuciú Yōhyí (*1877 - †1948, Overlord of Tiucian)
- 1948 - 1951 Pŭn Siōhuo (*1872 - †1951, King of Lüwī from 1912 to 1951)
- 1951 - 1959 Xiüde Misiös (*1887 – †1959)
- 1959 - 1980 Köyeyi Niōhŏmŭsy (*1897 – †1980)
- 1980 - 1997 Rĭ Sia (*1920 – †1997)
- 1997 - now Tĕxiú Bŭn-On (*14 March 1926)
Legislative
There is one unicameral parliament (the 'Revised Assembly' or Müdehŏdiön Wŭguĕkuötsiu) of 81 seats, elected every 1600 days or sooner. 31 seats are allocated by a first past the post system, where each prefecture is an electoral district; the remaining 50 seats are filled by proportional representation. There are several political parties but in practice the Party of the Rose (Patĭ xiöxŏ Nŭrĭ (PN)) has held more than 50% of the seats since 1951 and the government has therefore been of that signature since that moment as well.
List of political parties that have had seats in the Revised Assembly since 1951 (+ amount of seats since 2016):
- Patĭ xiöxŏ Nŭrĭ (PN, Party of the Rose) (62)
- Patĭ yuī Tsuīlixŭs (PT, Party of Freedom) (14)
- Patĭ yuī Yūtsiohúcius (PY, Progress Party) (3)
- Kubĕnah (K, Together) (2)
- Ciuras xiöxŏ Kĭhú Tsŭ (CKT, Union of the Diamond Shrine) (0, last time 2007-2011)
- Patĭ xiöxŏ Ciiewó (PC, Temple Party) (0, last time 1992-1996)
- Tsiéxön tsi Yi (TY, The Tradition of Yi) (0, last time 1980-1985)
Executive
The executive is formed by the High Royal Council (Xŭn Diyŏwŏseniō Hyĭrawūn), which consists of the Chief Magistrate and other Magistrates.
The High Royal Council
The High Royal Council typically consists of the following members. Since 2016 they have been:
- the Chief Magistrate: Xiie Pĭxéyŏ
- the Magistrate for Defence: Huesiu Búxuha
- the Magistrate for Financial Affairs(1): Dōsísii Huögú Abiūxún (f)
- the Magistrate for Foreign Affairs: Rĭwanah Ciwetsiien
- the Magistrate for External Trade: Guen Jiíné
- the Magistrate for Internal Trade: Köyeyi Yuciuto
- the Magistrate for Internal Policies and Coordination: Tsato Siiuhú
- the Magistrate of Law: Désiese Yijiö Tsuohühye (f)
- the Magistrate for Science and Development: Huyema Lŭyyigō
(1) The Yi term literally means 'Protector of the Vault'
The Chief Magistrate
The Chief Magistrate is appointed by the High King on nomination by the Revised Assembly (before 1951 by the Assembly) – although the High King is allowed to nominate a Chief Magistrate himself as well. Although Chief Magistrates were occasionally appointed by High Kings before 1877, the office has been continuously in function since that year. A list of Chief Magistrates since 1877:
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Legal system
The judiciary of the High Kingdom of Yi consists of
- Courts of First Instance, of which there are several in each prefecture;
- Courts of Second Instance, which are divided in
- Private Courts for all cases not specifically attributed by law to any other court, of which there is one in each prefecture, and
- Penal Courts for criminal cases, of which there are seven in the country;
- one Court of last resort, which is located in the capital Ŭtasiĭ;
- the Constitutional Court, which is located in the city of Sügĭ.
Judges for any court are nominated by the Great Council of Laws (Tsiūn Hyĭrawūn xiöxŏ Tsöyōsiō) and then confirmed by parliament and appointed by the Chief Magistrate. The Great Council of Laws consists of 17 members who need to be high level judges or lawyers who are elected to the Great Council by its other members whenever there is a vacancy.
Foreign affairs and diplomatic relations
Yi is has been a member of the Community of Nations since it was founded in 1935. The sixth Secretary General of the CN, Xiujien Nŭyyöhō, was from Yi. Since 2016, Yi has been a member of the CN Security Committee, in which Ms. Ĭgua Zöwóxie serves as delegate.
Military
Administrative division
Main article: Prefectures of Yi
There are 31 prefectures. Before 1951 there were several monarchies including three kingdoms, and a couple of free cities; the monarchies were abolished after the constitution change of that year although the titles and families continue to exist in a ceremonial/cultural capacity.
Economy
Having lacked modernisations for several decades, the Yi economy was considered to be 'backward' at the end of the 19th century. It mostly consisted of herding, agriculture, fisheries, and mining, and mostly for domestic use. Transportation and communications were primitive; proprerty was owned primarily by the nobility and monasteries; and banking, services, and foreign trade were almost exclusively in the hands of foreigners. Floren influence brought forth a rapid industrialisation. Between 1900 and 1920 an impressive railroad network was created to connect the far corners of the High Kingdom to the centre, the backbone of which was informally known as the 'Trans-Yi-Railway', which connected the capital Ŭtasiĭ to Tséhöse in the west and, through two branches, to Jumún and Jiöyeniĭwīn at the eastcoast. The local settlement of Fiyüjiöyé near Ŭtasiĭ thus became an important hub and one of the fastest growing cities in Yi.
After the Great War Yi took over complete control of its economy, maintaining a semi-market economy in which the government took limited regulated initiative. The dominant role that the PN (Party of the Rose) has had since 1951 proved beneficial at first but since the 1990s there have been increasing reports of corruption and the economy has started to slow down.
Yi's dominant industries are wholesale and retail trade and services, transportation and storage, banking, mining, and agriculture.
Currency
The ciú (sign: t.b.d. ; plural ciús or ciú; forms in Yirō: oblique singular ciú, oblique plural ciún, nominative singular ciúsĭ, nominative plural ciútsiiu) is the currency of Yi. Various currencies of the same name had existed in regions of Yi before the 19th century; the etymology of the word ciú is much debated among linguists and there is no broadly accepted theory. It was High King Ro Sah (1794 - 1839) who standardised the currency and abolished the regional variants in 1799. A ciú is divided in 100 tsōzŭn (obl. sing. tsōzŭn, obl. pl. tsōzŭnō, nom. sing. tsōzŭnĭ, nom. pl. tsōzŭnĭtsie).
Coins : 25 tsōzŭn, 50 tsōzŭn, 1 ciú, 5 ciú, 10 ciú, 25 ciú
Banknotes : 50 ciú, 100 ciú, 250 ciú, 500 ciú, 1000 ciú
Telecommunications
Yi's telecom market has been rapidly expanding since 2010 with an increase of 73% of active cellphones. The number of internet and broadband users has been growing as well, although there is a clear division between the more populated and more accessible east, where there are good and easily obtainable internet connections, and the less populated and rougher west, where large parts of the country have no internet coverage yet.
Transport
In the last twenty years, the road network in Yi's coastal areas has exploded chaotically and in recent years the government has needed to introduce some legislation to make the prefectures cooperate with each other so that trans-prefectural road construction is better coordinated, as well as to reform traffic laws, the quality of which as well as the fact that they have been poorly enforced has caused a spike in traffic accidents.
Yi has invested actively in the expansion of the state owned railroad network; apart from regular railways there are now six high-speed railway lines operational with five more under construction. Currently the longest high-speed line in Yi is the Capital-Coast-Line between the capital Ŭtasiĭ and the cities Siutsiotsiūn, Jiöyeniĭwīn, and Ciiūwahĕ.
Most cities of more than 500,000 inhabitants have urban mass transit systems in place.
The country's largest airports can be found in Ŭtasiĭ, Siutsiotsiūn, Jumún, Ciiūwahĕ, and Tséhöse, but there are dozens more airports and airfields throughout the country.
Society
Education
Primary education and secondary education both used to last five years max, with secondary education gaining mandatory status in 1964. In 1993 primary education was expanded to six years; in 2007 secondary education followed suit, although it was split in three different levels lasting three, four, and six years respectively.
There are several universities in Yi, the most important of which are:
- First University of Yi (Ŭtasiĭ)
- Hŭjien Gégésy University (Ŭtasiĭ)
- United Universities of Jiacian Prefecture (Ciiūwahĕ, Tsĭhyusueciiewú, Horiukénúwu)
- Technical University of Yehĭ (Yehĭ)
- Köyeyi Bĭn-Jĭtsiuö University (Tsoxiŭsŭwe)
Culture and sports
Music
Traditional music of Yi is strongly influenced by nature, shamanism, and Satyism, and involves a variety of instruments, such as the three stringed hūyuösy and the gétsue, which is some kind of small bronze horn. Singing styles include the monotone koxī wafuīrun or 'smooth song'.
Euclean classical music was introduced in the Floren era and produced several world famous composers from Yi.
The first rock band of Yi, Escarabatalla, which produced a few songs in the '60s of the 20th century (all sung in Floren language), was prohibited after a couple of months and their members arrested for 'endangering public order'. More bands followed however and in the end the government gave in but keeps showing a bias towards more traditional music of Yi in its policies of funding and awarding of prizes.
National holidays
- 8-12 September : Mötsie Wiisĕ, 'the New Green'. Announcement of spring.
Sports
Popular sports in Yi include cricket, hockey, rugby, and martial arts.
Visual arts
Until the Floren era in the early 20th century, most works of fine arts had a religious function. Yi is famous for its applique Tsiaha (thangkas), many of which depict Satyist deities. Secular themes were introduced under Floren rulers, especially High King Lōyen Mīkowo (Micolau I) who ordered the famous series of Tsiaha showing the history of Yi until the glorious arrival of the Floren High Kings. Until 1955 it adorned the Great Hall of Answers in the High Royal Palace in Ŭtasiĭ, when High King Xiüde Misiös decided that it should be publically accessible and had it moved to a specially for it constructed wing of the National Historical Museum of Yi.
Sculptures of Satyist deities as well as of depictions of Adripathi Adhikari can be easily found throughout the country. One of the largest and most beautiful examples of Adripathi Adhikari statues in Southern Coius can be found in the city of Jumún.