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A '''Council republic''' is term used to refer to a {{wp|republic|republican}} system of government where directly elected councils play a prominent role in a country's politics. While the exact structure of the government varies, common characteristics of council republics include, an association with {{wp|socialism}}, implementation of a varying degree of {{wp|direct democracy}}, an emphasis on {{wp|collective leadership}}, and {{wp|nonpartisanism}}. The term is often used to differentiate these states from Euclean {{wp|liberal democracy|liberal democracies}}. The political thought associated with the establishment and continuation of a Council Republic is known as councilism or council republicanism and its proponents are known as Councilists. It is the predominant form of government for socialist states in the world. Today several countries use this system of government, most notably [[Dezevau]], [[Kirenia]], and [[Lavana]].
A '''Council republic''' is term used to refer to a {{wp|republic|republican}} system of government where directly elected councils play a prominent role in a country's politics. While the exact structure of the government varies, common characteristics of council republics are councils as a fundamental unit of goverance and an association with {{wp|socialism}}. It may also feature {{wp|direct democracy}}, an emphasis on {{wp|collective leadership}}, and {{wp|nonpartisanism}}. The term is often used to differentiate these states from {{wp|Euclea|Euclean}} {{wp|capitalism|capitalist}} {{wp|liberal democracy|liberal democracies}}.   It is the predominant form of government for socialist states in the world, such as [[Dezevau]], [[Kirenia]], and [[Lavana]]. Council republics are generally considered to be democratic, but some states such as [[Arthasthan]] has been accused of {{wp|authoritarianism}}.
 
The political thought associated with the establishment and continuation of a council republic is known as councilism or council republicanism and its proponents are known as Councilists.
==History==
==History==
==Characteristics==
==Characteristics==
While their governments' structure usually vary considerably, countries that are council republics share many of these common characteristics.
Although the term council republic encompasses many countries whose structures of governance vary considerably, they all feature  directly elected legislative bodies. In this system, a council, sometimes a {{wp|workers' council}}, is the fundamental unit of governance for all levels of the country's administration from the national level to the local. Political power is distributed between these councils in a {{wp|federal system}} that functions from the bottom upwards. Council republics tend to empahise {{wp|Localism (politics)|localism}} through local councils that function through {{wp|direct democracy}}. Usually these councils would elect councils on the next levels of administration who would be responsible for regional or statewide authority. In turn, these can delegate members to the next level on a national level, which would be the national government. Alternatively each level of governance may be directly elected by the population. These councils usually also have executive and judicial powers as well as legislative powers, which is similar to the concept of {{wp|Parliamentary sovereignty|legislative supremacy}} in parliamentary republics.  
===Association with socialism===
===Association with socialism===
===Direct democracy===
All council republics in the world are {{wp|socialist state|socialist states}}, which political experts considering to be its defining characteristic. In some republics, the councils may be {{wp|workers' council|workers' councils}} or another body that represents the interests of the workforce in politics. A council republic may also feature a [[Congress of the Workers' International|Section of the Workers' International]] which usually plays a prominent role in the country's politics. Often these political parties are organized through local, state, and national councils that function alongside government institutions. 
==Comparisons of council republics==
===Collective leadership===
===Collective leadership===
===Decentralisation===
===Decentralisation===
localism/federalism
localism/federalism
===Temporary representatives===  
===Elections===
===Section of the Workers' International===
===Weak separation of powers===
===Weak separation of powers===
==List of Council republics==
==List of council republics==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
! State
! State
! Capital
! Capital
! Languages
! Primary language(s)
! style="text-align:right"|Population  
! style="text-align:right"|Population  
! style="text-align:right"|Area
! style="text-align:right"|Area
|-
| {{flag|Arthasthan}}
| [[Nadipatnam]]
| {{wp|Bhojpuri language|Samundrese}}
| 107,281,772
| 625,945 km²
|-
|-
| {{flag|Chistovodia}}
| {{flag|Chistovodia}}
Line 37: Line 47:
| 21,740,000
| 21,740,000
| 197,568 km²
| 197,568 km²
|-
| {{flag|Hullivia}}
| [[Die Friede]]
| {{wp|German language|Weranian}}, {{wp|Guarani language|Avanyee}}
| 21,570,000
| -
|-
|-
| {{flag|Kirenia}}
| {{flag|Kirenia}}
Line 68: Line 72:
| 44,154 km²
| 44,154 km²
|-
|-
! colspan="6" |Disputed status
|}
===Former council republics===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! State
! Capital
! Languages
! Years
! style="text-align:right"|Population
! style="text-align:right"|Area
|-
| {{flagicon image|ACRF2.png}} [[Amathian Council Republic|Amathia]]
| [[East Arciluco]]
| {{wp|Romanian language|Amathian}}
| (1935–1959) <ref>Continued until 1979 as the [[Amathian Equalist Republic]].</ref>
|
| 405,798 km²
|-
|-
| {{flag|Arthasthan}}
| {{flagicon image|North Vinalian.png}} [[North Vinalia]]
| [[Nadipatnam]]
| [[Orlavo]]
| {{wp|Bhojpuri language|Samundrese}}
| {{wp|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusyn_language|Soravian}}
| 107,281,772
| (1935-1993)
| 625,945 km²
| 18,500,000 (1990)
|  
|-
|-
|}
|}
[[Category:Socialism (Kylaris)]]
 
==References==
[[Category:Socialism (Kylaris)]] {{Region icon Kylaris}} [[Category:Kylaris]]

Revision as of 05:27, 12 July 2021

A Council republic is term used to refer to a republican system of government where directly elected councils play a prominent role in a country's politics. While the exact structure of the government varies, common characteristics of council republics are councils as a fundamental unit of goverance and an association with socialism. It may also feature direct democracy, an emphasis on collective leadership, and nonpartisanism. The term is often used to differentiate these states from Euclean capitalist liberal democracies. It is the predominant form of government for socialist states in the world, such as Dezevau, Kirenia, and Lavana. Council republics are generally considered to be democratic, but some states such as Arthasthan has been accused of authoritarianism.

The political thought associated with the establishment and continuation of a council republic is known as councilism or council republicanism and its proponents are known as Councilists.

History

Characteristics

Although the term council republic encompasses many countries whose structures of governance vary considerably, they all feature directly elected legislative bodies. In this system, a council, sometimes a workers' council, is the fundamental unit of governance for all levels of the country's administration from the national level to the local. Political power is distributed between these councils in a federal system that functions from the bottom upwards. Council republics tend to empahise localism through local councils that function through direct democracy. Usually these councils would elect councils on the next levels of administration who would be responsible for regional or statewide authority. In turn, these can delegate members to the next level on a national level, which would be the national government. Alternatively each level of governance may be directly elected by the population. These councils usually also have executive and judicial powers as well as legislative powers, which is similar to the concept of legislative supremacy in parliamentary republics.

Association with socialism

All council republics in the world are socialist states, which political experts considering to be its defining characteristic. In some republics, the councils may be workers' councils or another body that represents the interests of the workforce in politics. A council republic may also feature a Section of the Workers' International which usually plays a prominent role in the country's politics. Often these political parties are organized through local, state, and national councils that function alongside government institutions.

Comparisons of council republics

Collective leadership

Decentralisation

localism/federalism

Elections

Section of the Workers' International

Weak separation of powers

List of council republics

State Capital Primary language(s) Population Area
 Arthasthan Nadipatnam Samundrese 107,281,772 625,945 km²
 Chistovodia Volosovo Narodyn 73,491,200 2,399,981 km²
 Dezevau Bazadavo Ziba 190,902,213 2,000,000 km²
 East Miersa Żobrodź (de jure)
Dyńsk (de facto)
Miersan 21,740,000 197,568 km²
 Kirenia Harimisaareke Kirenian 52,853,207 459,800 km²
 Lavana Pers Lavanan 86,842,742 713,879 km²
 Lemovicia Topagunea Lemovician 1,014,866 13,548 km²
 South Kabu Ayukarta Kabuese 7,841,984 44,154 km²

Former council republics

State Capital Languages Years Population Area
Amathia East Arciluco Amathian (1935–1959) [1] 405,798 km²
North Vinalia Orlavo Soravian (1935-1993) 18,500,000 (1990)

References

Template:Region icon Kylaris

  1. Continued until 1979 as the Amathian Equalist Republic.