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{{WIP}}
{{WIP}}
{{Infobox country
{{Infobox settlement
|native_name                = ''Repubblica Aeolia''<br>''Ripùbblica Aeolia''
| name = Republic of Aeolia
|conventional_long_name      = Republic of Aeolia
| official_name =  
|common_name                = Aeolia
| native_name ={{Wp|Italian language|Vespasian}}: Repubblica Eolia<br>{{wp|Venetian language|Povelian}}: Repùblega de Eolia
|image_flag                  = FlagofAeolia.png
| settlement_type = {{wp|Constituent state|Constituent}} [[Administrative divisions of Etruria|State]]
|alt_flag                    =  
| image_flag = Flag of Aeolia.png
|image_coat                  = EmblemofAeolia.png
| flag_size =  
|alt_coat                    =  
| flag_alt =  
|symbol_type                = Emblem
| image_shield = Coat of Arms of Aeolia.png 
|national_motto              =  
| shield_size =  
|national_anthem            =  
| motto = Pax tibi Marce, evangelista meus<br><small>"Peace be to you Mark, my evangelist"</small>
|royal_anthem                =
| anthem =  
|other_symbol_type          =
|image_map = Aeolia Location.png
|other_symbol                =
|alt_map =
|image_map                   = AeoliaMap.png
|map_caption = <span style="color:#FF0000;">■</span> – Aeolia
|alt_map                     =
<span style="color:#C0C0C0;">■</span> – [[Etruria]]
|map_caption                 = Aeolia (dark red) in [[Vespasia]] (light red), within [[Etruria]]
| subdivision_type = Country
|image_map2                  =
| subdivision_name = [[Etruria]]
|alt_map2                    =
| subdivision_type1 = Status
|map_caption2                =  
| subdivision_name1 = [[Administrative divisions of Etruria|Constituent state]] within a {{wp|Federation}}
|capital                    = [[Castelvetrano]]
| established_title = Annexation into Etruria
|latd=  | latm= | latNS =
| established_date = 1786
|longd= |longm= |longEW =
| established_title1 = Constituent State
|largest_city                = [[Castelvetrano]]
| established_date1 = 1889
|largest_settlement          =  
| established_title2 =  
|largest_settlement_type    = largest city
| established_date2 =  
|official_languages          = {{wp|Italian}}<br>{{wp|Croatian language|Croatian}}<br>{{wp|Slovene language|Slovenian}}
| seat_type = Capital
|national_languages          =
| seat = [[Porto di Sotirio]]
|regional_languages          =
| parts_type = Comuni
|languages_type              =
| parts_style =  
|languages                  =
| p1 =  
|ethnic_groups              = 88% {{wp|Italians|Italian}}<br>4.5% {{wp|Croatians|Croat}}<br>4% {{wp|Slovenes|Slovene}}<br>2% Other
| government_footnotes =  
|ethnic_groups_year          = 2016
| government_type = {{wp|Parliamentary republic}} in a {{wp|federation}}
|religion                    = 96% {{wp|Roman Catholic|Poveglian Catholic}}<br>2% {{wp|Atheist}}<br> 1% Other
 
|religion_year              = 2016
| governing_body = [[State Assembly of Aeolia|State Assembly]]
|demonym                    = Aeolian or Etrurian
|leader_title1              = [[Prefect (Etruria)|Prefect of State]]
|legislature                = [[Senate of Aeolia|Senate]]
|leader_name1                = [[Luciano Giustiniani]] ([[Tribune Movement|MT]])
|government_type            = [[Autonomous Federal Region]]
|leader_title2              = [[Prefect (Etruria)|Deputy Prefect]]
|leader_title1              = Prefect
|leader_name2                = [[Serenella Capri]] ([[Tribune Movement|MT]])
|leader_name1                = [[Angelo Amato]]
| area_total_km2 = 1898
|leader_title2              = President of the Senate
| area_land_km2 =  
|leader_name2                = [[Donnatella Ferrari]]  
| area_water_km2 =  
|established_event1          = Constitution of Etruria adopted
| area_water_percent =  
|established_date1          = January 1 1921
| area_rank =  
|established_event2          = Autonomous status
| population_total = {{increase}} 1,128,553
|established_date2          = April 10 1921
| population_as_of = 2016 census
|established_event3          =
| population_footnotes =  
|established_date3          =
| population_density_km2 = 594.60
|established_event4          =
| population_rank =
|established_date4          =
| population_demonym = Aeolian
|established_event5          =
| population_note =  
|established_date5          =
| demographics_type1     = GDP
|established_event6          =
| demographics1_title1  = Total
|established_date6          =
| timezone1_DST =  
|established_event7          =
| utc_offset1_DST =  
|established_date7          =
| postal_code_type =  
|area_rank                   =
| postal_code =  
|area_magnitude              =
| area_code = +101
|area                        =
| area_code_type =Area code
|area_km2                    = 37775
| iso_code =  
|area_sq_mi
| blank_name_sec1 = Official languages
|area_footnote              =
| blank_info_sec1 = {{wp|Italian language|Vespasian}}
|percent_water              = X
| blank1_name_sec1 = Patron saint
|area_label                  = Total
| blank1_info_sec1 = {{wp|Saint Mark}}
|area_label2                =
<!-- blank fields (section 2) -->
|area_dabodyalign            =
| website =  
|population_estimate        = 5,320,664
| footnotes =  
|population_estimate_rank    =  
| header1 =  
|population_estimate_year    = 2017
| leader_title3 =  
|population_census          = 5,206,145
| leader_name3 =  
|population_census_year      = 2014
| leader_title4 =
|population_density_km2     =
| leader_name4 =  
|population_density_sq_mi    =
| unemployment_rate =  
|population_density_rank    =
| demographics1_info1    = $  million
|GDP_PPP                    =
| demographics1_title2  = Per capita
|GDP_PPP_rank                =
| demographics1_info2    = $
|GDP_PPP_year                =
| timezone =  
|GDP_PPP_per_capita          =  
| utc_offset =  
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank    =
|GDP_nominal                =
|GDP_nominal_rank            =
|GDP_nominal_year            =
|GDP_nominal_per_capita     =  
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =
|Gini                        = 46.9
|Gini_rank                  =
|Gini_year                  =  
|Gini_category              =
|HDI                        = 0.843
|HDI_rank                    =
|HDI_year                    =
|HDI_category                =
|currency                    = Etrurian florin
|currency_code              = ₣
|time_zone                  =
|utc_offset                  =
|time_zone_DST              =
|antipodes                  =
|date_format                = dd.mm.yyyy
|DST_note                    =
|utc_offset_DST              =
|drives_on                  = left
|cctld                      =
|iso3166code                =
|calling_code                =  
|image_map3                  =
|alt_map3                    =
|status                      = [[Autonomous federal Region]] of [[Etruria]]
|footnotes                  =
|footnote1                  =
|footnote2                  =
|footnote7                  =
}}
}}


'''Aeolia''' or officially the '''Republic of Aeolia''' ({{wp|Italian|Vespasian}}: Repubblica Aeolia; {{wp|Sicilian|Aeolian}}: Ripùbblica Aeolia) is a [[Autonomous Federal Region]] of [[Etruria]], subordinate to the [[constituent state]] of [[Vespasia]]. Aeolia has an area of XXXX square kilometres (XXXX square miles) and a population of about 5.3 million inhabitants. The capital and largest city is [[Castelvetrano]]. Aeolia is the largest autonomous region in terms of area and population.  
'''Aeolia''', officially, the '''Republic of Aeolia''' ({{wp|Italian language|Vespasian}}: Repubblica Eolia; {{wp|Venetian language|Povelian}}: Repùblega de Eolia) is an island located in the [[Bay of Povelia]] and is a [[Administrative divisions of Etruria|constituent state]] of the [[Etruria|United Etrurian Federation]], it is comprised of several islands, the largest being Aeolia, followed by [[Santa Eufemia]], [[San Carlo]], [[Ogliastra]] and [[Tavolara]]. The state is separated from the Etrurian mainland via the Straits of Accadia located 89 miles to the east. At 1,898 km2 (733 sq mi) it is the second smallest state in Etruria, ahead of [[Il Dogado]]. Its capital and largest city is [[Porto di Sotirio]], and the total population is estimated to 1.128 million.  


Aeolia is located in the south-east of Etruria in the Etrutian Sea. It extends between from the Bay of Minerva to the north and the Etrutrian Sea to the south. Its most prominent landmark is Mount Vora, which, at 3,350 m (10,990 ft), is the tallest active volcano in Artemia and one of the most active in the [[Kylaris|world]]. The island has a typical Mediterranean climate. The administrative area of Aeolia includes the Giarratana islands some 90km to the south.
The islands have been inhabited by humans since the {{wp|paleolithic}}, evidence of an organised civilisation has been regularly documented with monolithic sites dated to as early as 10,000 BC. This civilisation would prosper until around 700 BC when the islands were colonised by [[Piraea|Classical Piraea]], they would see numerous Piraean colonies and infrastructure built which effectively ended the existence of the Pre-Piraean civilisation. Under Piraean control, the island would also serve as a major maritime hub for Piraea's network of cities and outposts across the [[Solarian Sea]] and [[Acheolian Sea]]. In 215 BC, using instability in Piraea as justification, the [[Solarian Republic]] seized control of Aeolia and its smaller islands and incorporated the archepelago as a [[Provinicia Senatoria]]. The island's rich soil and copper deposits were rapidly exploited by the Solarians, the island was also significantly militarised by the Solarians, with a large number of shipyards and castras constructed.  


The earliest archeological evidence of human habitation on the island dates from as early as 10,000 BC. At around 750 BC, Aeolia was host to a number of ancient Benarian and Vespasic colonies, until 167 BC when the island was annexed in full by the Vespasian Empire. The Empire held the island until its collapse in 467 AD, when it became the Kingdom of Vora. The island would remain an independent kingdom until 1257 when it was annexed by the [[Serene Duchy of Torrazza]], it would remain under Torrazi rule for over 500 years when it was seized by the [[Kingdom of Vespasia]] and granted greater autonomy. Since unification with the rest of Vespasia, Aeolia however suffered at the hands of economic backwardness and poor political governance giving way to the infamous Aeolian Mafioso, who would effectively govern the island from 1888 to 1921. Following the creation of modern [[Etruria]], the island has since developed economically at a rapid pace, developing a major tourist and industrial economy.
Following the collapse of the Solarian Empire, the island fell under the control of local Solarian officials who moved to establish the [[Duchy of Aeolia]] in 477 AD, however, its independence would be short-lived with the expansion of the [[Verliquoian Empire]], which seized much of coastal Etruria. The island would remain under Verliquoian control until it was ceded to the newly independent [[Republic of Andora]] in 1098, however, this would later bring conflict to the islands as Andora struggled to maintain control against the [[Exalted Republic of Povelia]]. In 1304, the [[Aeolian War]] resulted in the complete annexation of the archepelago into Povelia which in turn constructed a number of fortresses and harbours to protect the maritime entry into the Bay of Povelia. Aeolia would serve a prominent role within the Povelian dominated trade network across the Solarian and Acheolian Seas, leaving a permament linguistic and archtitectural legacy. Aeolia is the only other state in Etruria to speak the {{wp|Venetian language|Povelian}} dialect of {{wp|Italian|Vespasian}} besides [[Veratia]] and [[Il Dogado]]. Under Povelian rule, the island would occassionally suffer raids by the [[Gorsanid Empire]] and Tsabaran corsairs. In 1786, the island alongside Povelian Republic was annexed into the [[Etrurian First Republic]], it would be the sight of the [[Battle of Ceres Point]] in 1787. Many revolutionary leaders, including [[Francesco Cassio Cacciarelli]] were exiled to the island following the [[Caltrini restoration]] in 1810.  


Aeolia has a rich and unique culture, especially with regard to the arts, music, literature, cuisine, and architecture. It is also home to important archaeological and ancient sites, such as the Catacombs of Vora Superiore, the Temples of Castedduvitranu and the State of Tinian.
Today, Aeolia is a popular tourist destination and is a major hub for the [[Etrurian Defence Force]], including the [[Piastra Training Grounds]], [[Castelvetrano naval base]], [[Porto di Sotirio Arsenal]] and its historical hosting of the [[Poseidone anchorage]].
== Etymology ==
 
There is debate as to whether the name Aeolia is derived from {{wp|Aeolus (son of Poseidon)|Aeolus}}, the son of {{wp|Poseidon}} or from a local myth produced by Piraean colonists prior to the Solarian Conquest. Several Piraean writers and historians also mark that the island was known as Aeolia throughout Classic Piraea's rule, though they do not confirm which Aeolus is the namesake. Solarian writers such as [[Etruria|Quintius]] supports the argument that the island received its name from the local mythological figure, "Aeolus Watcher upon the Wind", a figure who reportedly became the patron of the warm winds that buffer the islands during summertime. Conversely, [[Valencius Valens]] during his writing of "Histories of the Provinces" claimed the Piraeans colonised the island and dedicated its "terrain to Aeolus, Prince of the Sea and Son of Posdeidon." The discovery of a large temple complex - dedicated to Poseidon and Aeolus - near Castelvetrano in 1878 has led modern historians to argue that Poseidon's son is most likely the namesake.
 
During the course of the [[Etrurian Second Republic]], [[Greater Solarian Republic]] and the 1970s, many developments and constructions were named in alignment to the ancient Piraean pantheon in respect to the islands' namesake.


== History ==
== History ==
=== Ancient tribes ===
=== Ancient tribes ===
 
=== Piraean colonisation ===
=== Vespasian colonisation ===
=== Solarian conquest ===
=== Vespasian Empire ===
=== Solarian Empire ===
=== Kingdom of Vora ===
=== Duchy of Aeolia ===
=== Torrazi domination ===
=== Middle ages ===
=== Kingdom of Vespasia ===
=== Povelian rule ===
=== Etrurian Republic and unification ===
=== Modern ===
=== Modern ===
=== 20th and 21st centuries ===
=== 20th and 21st centuries ===
{{Main|Piccolo Duce}}
== Government ==
 
The political structure of the state is defined by the Constitution of the Republic, which acts as the basic law of the state and provides guaranteed rights and freedoms for citizens. Like all other states in [[Etruria]], Aeolia operates a {{wp|parliamentary system}}, with the executive branch dependent upon the confidence of the legislature, while the judicial branch is separate and independent.
[[File:Palazzo della sirena.png|290px|thumb|right|The Palazzo della Sirena is the seat of the State Assembly.]]
The government of Aeolia is led by the [[Prefect of Tarpeia|Prefect of State]], who is the leader of the largest party or coalition in the [[State Assembly of Aeolia|State Assembly]]. The Prefect upon securing office appoints members of the Assembly to form his or her state cabinet, as well as Deputy Prefect of State. The State Assembly of Aeolia has 62 members who are elected from single-member constituencies every five or four years, while the Prefect has the right to dissolve the State Assembly upon securing permission from the [[President of Etruria|President of the Federation]]. The incumbent Prefect of State is [[Luciano Giustiniani]], who entered office following the [[2015 Tarpeian state election]], his deputy is [[Serenella Capri]].
 
In the 2016 election, the far-right [[Tribune Movement]] won over 50% of the popular vote, securing a supermajority in the State Assembly. In the 2020 state election, the Tribune Movement won 48% of the vote, losing two seats but retaining its supermajority.
 
Aeolia was until 2016, the only state in Etruria to operate the {{wp|first past the post}} electoral system, this has led to Aeolia have constitently more stable and long-serving state governments compared to those on the mainland. Aeolia has also been one of the most consistently conservative states, becoming a stronghold for [[Libertas]], [[Etrurian Federalist Party]] and the [[Tribune Movement]], though its support for the latter is markedly stronger than its predecessors. The state is also the only to run elections for the appointment of state judges, this has become increasingly politicised since the 1980s, leading to Aeolia being widely percevied as operating the most conservative state-level court system in Etruria. This process is a legacy of Povelian Republic's governance of the island, which due to its small size and historically small population, permitted elections by the wealthy patrician and merchant classes to elect magistrates. This has remained in place since 1786, with elections for the three sitting criminal case judges every six years.


Following federalisation in 1921 and the adoption of the Autonomous Charter, which turned Aeolia into a autonomous federal region subordinate to [[Vespasia]], the island saw its first president be appointed by the Provisional Government. [[Guiliano Crispi]] however failed to secure his position, with the local elites refusing to support a civil servant from [[Torrazza]].
=== Administrative divisions ===


Very swiftly, the provisional government in Aeolia collapsed and the island held the first post-federalisation elections in Etruria. Leopoldo Vinci (the founder of the Vinci Corporation) of the Aeolian Popular Front won the election, becoming the first state level official to be elected in 1922. Vinci secured his position by including the Federalist Party in a coalition government and set to begin growing the economy of Aeolia.
== Geography ==
[[File:LeopoldoVinci.jpg|300px|thumbnail|left|Leopoldo Vinci served as Prefect of Aeolia from 1922 to 1933, dominating Aeolian politics. Vinci also created the tradition of strongman rule, which is commonly known as [[Piccolo Duce]].]]
The state of Aeolia covers the entire Aeolian archepelago and covers a total land area of 1,898 km2 (733 sq mi). It is comprised of five populated islands: [[Aeolia (island)|Aeolia]], [[Santa Eufemia]], [[San Carlo]], [[Ogliastra]] and [[Tavolara]], as well as 28 outcroppings and smaller unihabitated islands. Aeolia island is the largest, covering an area of 1,756 sq km (677 sq mi). Aeolia island unlike the smaller islands of the Archepelago is recorded as having an ancient geoformation, with some rock layers dating from the Paleozoic Era. The smaller islands were formed via the uplifting of granite over 250 million years ago. However, it is believed that the island was much larger historically and lost over 30% of its original size to rising sea-levels, which formed the Bay of Povelia during the closing stages of the last {{wp|ice age}}.
In his first official act as president however, Vinci appointed prominent anti-mafia prosecutor Alfonso Scolio to locate and destroy mafia front businesses. In 1923, the Scolio Commission discovered 66 front companies across the island and ordered their confiscation, Vinci received extraordinary powers from the federal government to prosecute the move and with the support of the Aeolian Police Service and armed soldiers of the army, confiscated the businesses, arresting the employees.
In 1924 Vinci successfully campaigned for the federal government to declare organised crime activities a capital offence, which he in turn used his extraordinary powers to arrested and execute over 1,000 suspected Mafiosi, in what is dubbed the “Year of Blood” (Anno di Sangue), however in December 1924 he extended the search to the local opposition parties, arresting and executing 11 opposition senators, his actions were decried by the opposition but their concerns and complaints were ignored by the federal government.  


In the 1925 election, the Aeolian Popular Front won 55% of the vote, securing Vinci a further five years in office. However his actions had led many to condemn him as a dictator, but his continued acceptance of the superiority of the Vespasian state government and the Federal government permitted him no interference. Under his leadership, he successfully secured federal funding to improve industry on the island, building the Gibbiddina Steel Plant and the Mazzara Coal Mine. He also electrified the island, using his personal contacts with the Macroni Telegraph Company to bring electricity to the larger towns and cities.  
As a result of its formation, Aeolia’s terrain is defined by its rocky Piccolo Custode mountains that run west-to-east along the northern coastline. These mountains are formed primarily of schist, trachyte, basalt, sandstone, granite and dolomite limestone, produced through eons of erosion. The Piccolo Custode average in heights between 300 to 1,100m (984 to 3,608 ft), the island’s highest peak is [[Punto di Efesto]] (Hephaestus Point) which stands at 1,308m (4291 ft) and is in the eastern end of the Piccolo Custode range. Aeolia from the Piccolo Custode running southward is predominately flat, being covered mostly by {{wp|alluvial plain}}s and rolling hills.  


His successes led to him be re-elected in 1930, making him the longest serving state governor at the time. Between 1930 and 1933 he remained focus on improving the economic status of his voters, pushing for federal investment in further industries, in 1931 the federal government began constructing several arms factories on the island and in 1933 the Casteddammar Shipyard was opened, employing 3,000 people. However his downfall came about after he purchased the shipyard for his company at below market price, federal President, Michele Rossi announced a federal investigation into his governorship, leading to his arrest in late 1933. However he was found innocent by a federal judge in early 1934 of wrongdoing but banned him from public office for life.  
The coasts of Aeolia are generally high and rocky on the northern, western, eastern and southwestern edges, the southeast is generally flatter. The northern coastline is defined by many inlets and {{wp|ria|rias}}, the southern coast hosts deep bays and {{wp|headlands}}. There are also numerous small islands and islets along the northern and southern coastlines leading to the four larger populated islands.  


Vinci’s governorship (1922-1933) set a precedent for the office in Aeolia, in which many governors would use vague exceptional laws granted to the state government by the federal government to confront organised crime, to maintain strong rule. However his success in industrialising the island was owed more to his personality, many of his successors lacked such skills of persuasion and the island began to stagnate from the 1940s till the 1980s, eventually leaving the island the poorest and most backward in the federation. During this period the mafia returned but in a weakened state, usually in partnership with the corrupt state administrations.
<gallery mode=packed heights=150 style="font-size:88%;line-height:120%">
File:Campidano_di_Cagliari_(01).jpg|Alluvial plains of the island's interior
File:Cala_Goloritzé_7.JPG|A beach on the northern coast of Aeolia
File:Supramonte_view-from-Punta-Sos-Nidos-to-North-East_2.jpg|View of Aeolia's interior from the Piccolo Custode
File:Gusana.jpg|View of the Piccolo Custode during winter
File:Punta_Sebera.JPG|The Piccolo Custode hosts the largest Solarian evergreen forests outside of mainland Euclea
File:Cala_Galdana_(30097216346).jpg|The beach of Porto Artemide
</gallery>


In 1983, both the partial Etrurian land reform and special funding from the federal government's Cassa per il nazione (Fund for the Nation) from 1983 to 2003 helped the Aeolian economy. During this period, the economic and social condition of the island was generally improved thanks to important investments on infrastructures such as motorways and airports, and thanks to the creation of important industrial and commercial areas. In the 1990s, the Mafioso was deeply weakened by a second important campaign led by the federal government, leading the mass arrest of over 300 senior Mafiosi and the destruction of at least 8 syndicates. Between 1990 and 2001, the unemployment rate fell from 31% to 20% and between 2004 and 2011 it fell again to 11%, where it has remained since.
=== Climate ===


== Government ==
Aeolia has a Solarian climate (Köppen: Csa), with mild and relatively wet winters and hot, bright, dry summers. The climate is heavily influenced by the Bay of Povelia, which measures as barometric low for most of the year. Temperatures are hotter on the interior plains and the southeastern region of the island during summer, while areas in and around the Piccolo Custode are colder and markedly wetter during winter. The wettest months for Aeolia are October and November, though percipitation is below the national average during this months.
 
{{Weather box
| location = Porto di Sotirio, extremes (1978-2021)
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| Jan record high C = 24.2
| Feb record high C = 24.4
| Mar record high C = 26.6
| Apr record high C = 28.0
| May record high C = 32.0
| Jun record high C = 36.5
| Jul record high C = 38.0
| Aug record high C = 37.8
| Sep record high C = 35.5
| Oct record high C = 31.2
| Nov record high C = 27.6
| Dec record high C = 23.4
| year record high C = 38.0
| Jan high C = 15.4
| Feb high C = 15.5
| Mar high C = 17.2
| Apr high C = 19.2
| May high C = 22.5
| Jun high C = 26.5
| Jul high C = 29.4
| Aug high C = 29.8
| Sep high C = 27.1
| Oct high C = 23.7
| Nov high C = 19.3
| Dec high C = 16.5
| year high C = 21.8
| Jan mean C = 11.9
| Feb mean C = 11.9
| Mar mean C = 13.4
| Apr mean C = 15.5
| May mean C = 18.8
| Jun mean C = 22.7
| Jul mean C = 25.7
| Aug mean C = 26.2
| Sep mean C = 23.5
| Oct mean C = 20.2
| Nov mean C = 15.8
| Dec mean C = 13.1
| year mean C = 18.2
| Jan low C = 8.3
| Feb low C = 8.4
| Mar low C = 9.6
| Apr low C = 11.7
| May low C = 15.1
| Jun low C = 18.9
| Jul low C = 21.9
| Aug low C = 22.5
| Sep low C = 19.9
| Oct low C = 16.6
| Nov low C = 12.3
| Dec low C = 9.7
| year low C = 14.6
| Jan record low C = 0.0
| Feb record low C = -0.1
| Mar record low C = 1.6
| Apr record low C = 4.4
| May record low C = 8.0
| Jun record low C = 11.0
| Jul record low C = 16.4
| Aug record low C = 15.8
| Sep record low C = 10.0
| Oct record low C = 8.4
| Nov record low C = 3.8
| Dec record low C = 2.5
| year record low C = -0.1
| Jan precipitation mm = 43
| Feb precipitation mm = 37
| Mar precipitation mm = 28
| Apr precipitation mm = 39
| May precipitation mm = 36
| Jun precipitation mm = 11
| Jul precipitation mm = 6
| Aug precipitation mm = 22
| Sep precipitation mm = 52
| Oct precipitation mm = 69
| Nov precipitation mm = 59
| Dec precipitation mm = 48
| year precipitation mm = 449
| Jan precipitation days = 6
| Feb precipitation days = 6
| Mar precipitation days = 5
| Apr precipitation days = 5
| May precipitation days = 4
| Jun precipitation days = 2
| Jul precipitation days = 1
| Aug precipitation days = 2
| Sep precipitation days = 5
| Oct precipitation days = 7
| Nov precipitation days = 6
| Dec precipitation days = 7
| year precipitation days = 53
| unit precipitation days = 1&nbsp;mm
| Jan sun = 167
| Feb sun = 170
| Mar sun = 205
| Apr sun = 237
| May sun = 284
| Jun sun = 315
| Jul sun = 346
| Aug sun = 316
| Sep sun = 227
| Oct sun = 205
| Nov sun = 161
| Dec sun = 151
| year sun = 2779
| Jan percentsun = 54
| Feb percentsun = 55
| Mar percentsun = 55
| Apr percentsun = 61
| May percentsun = 66
| Jun percentsun = 70
| Jul percentsun = 75
| Aug percentsun = 73
| Sep percentsun = 63
| Oct percentsun = 60
| Nov percentsun = 54
| Dec percentsun = 54
}}
 
== Demographics ==
{{Historical populations
|type = sdsd
|footnote = Source: Ufficio Federale di Statistica
|1800|338121
|1900|360225
|1906|361258
|1916|372005
|1926|390800
|1950|402558
|1966|469372
|1976|599775
|1986|709265
|1996|875652
|2006|995449
|2016|1128553
|2021|1135770
}}
According to the 2016 federal census, Aeolia and its surrounding islands had a total population of 1,128,553, the 13th most populous administrative division in Etruria. It has a population density of 594.60/km2 (1,540.0/sq mi), making it the second most densely populated division of Etruria after [[Il Dogado]]. Population growth in Aeolia has been primarily driven by the emigration of Etrurians from other parts of the country, notably among the retired and "high income demographic." The widespread construction of towns and resorts focused on facilitating and hosting tourists during the [[Military dictatorship in Etruria|military regime]] (1960-1984) also contributed to rapid population growth as many young Etrurians emigrated to take up work in the services sector.


The politics of Aeolia takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democracy, whereby the Prefect of State is the head of government, and holds the office as leader of the largest party or coalition in the Aeolian Senate. Executive power is exercised by the State Government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Aeolian Senate. The capital of Aeolia is [[Castelvetrano]].
=== Ethnic groups ===


Traditionally, Aeolia gives centre-left results during election. Re-electing the [[Etrurian Socialist Party]] (Partito Socialista Etruriana) to both the state and federal levels continuously between 1950 to 2014. the island also saw strong support for the [[United Worker's Party]], Etruria's communist movement, its best result came in 1975 with 21% of the vote and 10 seats, however it lost its seats in 1980 and never regained prominence. In 2014, it elected the [[Etrurian Way]] (Modo Etruriano, ME) to both state and federal levels, breaking its role as a stronghold for the left. In 2016 it increased its support for the Etrurian Way, with the party hold a majority of state and federal seats. Since 2014, [[Angelo Amato]] (ME) has been Prefect of State.  
According to the 2016 federal census, Aeolia is one of the most {{wp|Italians|Vespasian}} in terms of homogenity. 96% of respondents identified as Vespasian, while 2.1% identified as {{wp|Slovenes|Carinthian}} and 0.5% as {{wp|Croats|Novalian}}. The remaining 1.4% of the population identified as non-Etrurian ethnic groups. Aeolia has one of the highest concentrations of Euclean emigrants in the country, mostly retirees who have moved to the island for the climate, lifestyle and scenery.


=== Administrative divisions ===
In 2016 the total population of foreign nationals was 15,799 broken down per nationality as: 


== Geography ==
{{colbegin|colwidth=15em}}
* {{flag|Rajyaghar}}: 3,028
* {{flag|Patharistan}}: 2,987
* {{flag|Amathia}}: 2,103
* {{flag|Soravia}}: 2,006
* {{flag|West Miersa}}: 1,556
* {{flag|Estmere}} 1,518
* {{flag|Werania}} 1,361
* {{flag|Gaullica}} 694
* {{flag|Hennehouwe}} 302
* {{flag|Shangea}} 175
* {{flag|Tsabara}} 69
{{colend}}


Aeolia has a roughly rectangular in shape, earning it the name "Quadrato". To the north, it is separated from the Etrurian mainland by the Bay of Minerva (Baia di Minerva), about 20km (12 mi) at its widest. The total area of the island is 37,775 km2 (14,585 sq mi), making it the X largest administrative entity of the Etrurian Federation.
=== Languages ===


The terrain of inland Aeolia is mostly hilly and is intensively cultivated wherever possible. The centre of Aeolia running north-to-south, are the mountain ranges of Scopello, 2,000 m (6,600 ft), Nedrennu, 1,800 m (5,900 ft), and Martiani, 1,300 m (4,300 ft), are an extension of the mainland Aventines. The cone of Mount Vora dominates the south-eastern coast. In the southwest lie the lower Nanarean Mountains, 1,000 m (3,300 ft). The mines of the Benna and Favignana comuni are part of a leading sulphur-producing area since the 1950s.
The official languages of the state of Aeolia is {{wp|Italian language|Vespasian}}, however, like [[Il Dogado]] and [[Veratia]], the state also officially recognises the {{wp|Venetian language|Veratian dialect}} as a separate language spoken by the populace. 97% of Aeolians speak the Veratian dialect of Vespasian, the highest rate of the three 'Povelian states.' However, signage and official state documents are produced in both the national Vespasian and state Veratian dialect. Other languages spoke and protected by their official status at the federal-level are {{wp|Croatian language|Novalian}} and {{wp|Slovenian language|Carinthian}}.
[[File:Veduta-Vallone-Caltanissetta.jpg|300px|thumbnail|right|The hilly interior of Aeolia.]]
===Life expectancy===
Aeolia and its surrounding small islands have some highly active volcanoes. Mount Vora is the largest active volcano in Artemia and still casts black ash over the island with its ever-present eruptions. It currently stands 3,329 metres (10,922 ft) high, though this varies with summit eruptions; the mountain is 21 m (69 ft) lower now than it was in 1994. It is the highest mountain in Etruria south of the Etrurians. Vora covers an area of 1,190 km2 (459 sq mi) with a basal circumference of 140 km (87 mi). This makes it by far the largest of the three active volcanoes in Etruria, being about two and a half times the height of the next largest, Mount Venetario. Mount Vora is widely regarded as a cultural symbol and icon of Aeolia.
[[File:Mt Etna and Catania1.jpg|400px|thumbnail|center|Mount Vora over Casteddammar.]]
=== Climate ===


Aeolia has a typical Mediterranean climate with mild and wet winters and hot, dry summers with very changeable intermediate seasons. Aeolia is seen as an island of warm winters but also, above all along the Etrutian coast and in the inland areas, winters can be cold, with typical continental climate.
Aeolia has the highest life expectancy of any of Etruria's states, at slightly over 82 years (85 for women and 79.6 for men). The island is also the highest ranking in [[Euclea]] for the rate of cenenarians, (22/100,000 inhabitants) and shares the top spot in the world with [[Senria]]. Studies have concluded that the island's diet, culture and climate contributes considerably to life expectenancy of its inhabitants.


Snow falls in abundance above 900-1000 metres, but stronger cold waves can easily carry it in the hills and even in coastal cities, especially in the northern coast of island. The interior mountains, especially Nedrennu, Scopello and Vora, enjoy a fully mountain climate, with heavy snowfalls during winter. The summit of Mount Vora is usually snow capped from October to May.
=== Education ===


On the other hand, especially in the summer rainfall is scarce, and water proves deficient in some provinces where it can happen sometimes water crises.
Aeolia has for many years ranked among the lowest in Etruria for education attainment, it is also the highest ranked state for school drop-out rate. This has been blamed on poor funding by the state and federal governments and disparities between larger urban areas and the rural interior. Aeolia has also consistently ranked the lowest for teacher-to-pupil ratio, and operates the largest number of students per class. Other studies have blamed the high wages offered by the services sector, which has been a pull on students to drop out of school to instead enter the workplace. In 2019, the state administration passed a law prohibiting the employment of 16-18 year olds who are no longer on the school roll.  


According to the Federal Atmospheric Institute, on 10 August 2009, the regional weather station recorded a maximum temperature of 48.5 °C (119 °F). The official Etrurian record – measured by minimum/maximum thermometers – is held by Accadia, which reported a maximum of 48.0 °C (118 °F) in 1999. Total precipitation is highly variable, generally increasing with elevation. In general, the southern and southeast coast receives the least rainfall (less than 50 cm (20 in)), and the northern and northeastern highlands the most (over 100 cm (39 in)).
In the 2016 census, the literacy rate in Aeolia among those below 65 years old stood at 99.5%, while literacy among those over the age of 65 stood at 90.4%. The number of women that annually graduate secondary high schools and universities is about 10–20 percent higher than men, while the enrollment rate of women in universities is also 25 percent higher than men. Aeolia has a single public university, the [[Catholic University of Porto di Sotirio]], founded in the 16th century by Povelian-appointed governor of the island. 32,490 students were enrolled at the university for 2020-2021.


== Demographics ==
=== Urbanisation ===
=== Urbanisation ===
== Economy ==


Aeolia was one of the main recepients of Etruria's strong GDP growth from 2000 to 2010, regularly topping the ratings as the fastest growing administrative entity in the Federation. As of 2016 it is the fourth richest state of Etruria in terms of total GDP. A series of reforms and investments on agriculture such as the introduction of modern irrigation systems have made this important industry competitive, especially against [[Torrazza]] and [[Vespasia]].
Aeolia's urban geography is dominated by two small-sized cities; [[Porto di Sotirio]] (the capital) and [[Maladroxia]], located on the southern and northeastern coastlines respectively. During the 1960s through to the 1980s, the island underwent a major construction boom as small towns and resort facilities were constructed to support the tourism industry. The town of [[Prometeo]] is one such resort constructed in the 1970s that has since grown into a large town of 30,000 people. Aeolia is also littered with a number of towns, villages and hamlets constructed and settled during the middle ages and still carry the architectural legacy of [[Exalted Republic of Povelia|Povelian rule]].
 
{{Largest cities
| name        = Largest cities of Aeolia
| country      = Aeolia
| stat_ref    = [https://ufs.gov.et/UFS/start Ufficio Federale di Statistica report 01.01.18]
| list_by_pop  =
| class        = nav
| div_name    = Region
| div_link    =
 
|city_1 = Porto di Cristo
|div_1 = Capitale
|pop_1 = 264,460
|img_1 = PortoDiSotirio.png
 
|city_2 = Maladroxia
|div_2 = San Marco
|pop_2 = 220,707
|img_2 = Maladroxia.png
 
|city_3 =  Salvésa
|div_3 = Raccolto
|pop_3 = 50,225
|img_3 = Town_of_Rovinj,_Croatia_(20063724820).jpg
 
|city_4 = Promoteo
|div_4 = Olympio
|pop_4 = 32,508
|img_4 = Tivat_(25532951078).jpg
 
|city_5 = Porto Artimide
|div_5 = Piccolo Custode
|pop_5 = 15,202
|img_5 =
 
|city_6 = San Donà di Aeolia
|div_6 = Centro
|pop_6 = 10,336
|img_6 =
 
|city_7 = Nuova Delfi
|div_7 =  Palazetto
|pop_7 = 7,550
|img_7 =
 
|city_8 = Gesturi
|div_8 = Capitale
|pop_8 = 7,198
|img_8 =
 
|city_9 = Nuova Eraclea
|div_9 = Palazetto
|pop_9 = 5,987
|img_9 =
 
|city_10 = Claudia Augusta
|div_10 = Olympio
|pop_10 = 5,549
|img_10 =
 
}}


In the 1980s there was strong growth in the industrial sector through the creation of several factories and the expansion of the Casteddammar Shipyards. In recent years the importance of the service industry has grown for the opening of several shopping malls and for a modest growth of financial and telecommunication activities. Tourism has grown to be an important source of wealth for the island thanks to its natural and historical heritage. Today the Aeolian state government is investing a large amount of money on structures of the hospitality industry, in order to make tourism more competitive with the mainland, it is also using federal investment into expanding its financial services. However, Aeolia continues to have a GDP per capita below the Etrurian average and more unemployment than the rest of Etruria. This difference is mostly caused by the negative influence of the Mafia that is still active in some areas although it is much weaker than in the past and excessive cases of corruption within state institutions.
== Economy ==
=== Tourism ===
=== Agriculture ===
=== Industry ===
=== Energy ===
=== Transportation ===


== Culture ==
== Culture ==

Latest revision as of 11:51, 28 July 2022

Republic of Aeolia
Vespasian: Repubblica Eolia
Povelian: Repùblega de Eolia
Constituent State
Flag of Republic of Aeolia
Flag
Coat of arms of Republic of Aeolia
Coat of arms
Motto(s): 
Pax tibi Marce, evangelista meus
"Peace be to you Mark, my evangelist"
■ – Aeolia ■ – Etruria
■ – Aeolia ■ – Etruria
CountryEtruria
StatusConstituent state within a Federation
Annexation into Etruria1786
Constituent State1889
CapitalPorto di Sotirio
Government
 • TypeParliamentary republic in a federation
 • BodyState Assembly
 • Prefect of StateLuciano Giustiniani (MT)
 • Deputy PrefectSerenella Capri (MT)
Area
 • Total1,898 km2 (733 sq mi)
Population
 (2016 census)
 • TotalIncrease 1,128,553
 • Density594.60/km2 (1,540.0/sq mi)
DemonymAeolian
GDP
 • Total$ million
 • Per capita$
Area code+101
Official languagesVespasian
Patron saintSaint Mark

Aeolia, officially, the Republic of Aeolia (Vespasian: Repubblica Eolia; Povelian: Repùblega de Eolia) is an island located in the Bay of Povelia and is a constituent state of the United Etrurian Federation, it is comprised of several islands, the largest being Aeolia, followed by Santa Eufemia, San Carlo, Ogliastra and Tavolara. The state is separated from the Etrurian mainland via the Straits of Accadia located 89 miles to the east. At 1,898 km2 (733 sq mi) it is the second smallest state in Etruria, ahead of Il Dogado. Its capital and largest city is Porto di Sotirio, and the total population is estimated to 1.128 million.

The islands have been inhabited by humans since the paleolithic, evidence of an organised civilisation has been regularly documented with monolithic sites dated to as early as 10,000 BC. This civilisation would prosper until around 700 BC when the islands were colonised by Classical Piraea, they would see numerous Piraean colonies and infrastructure built which effectively ended the existence of the Pre-Piraean civilisation. Under Piraean control, the island would also serve as a major maritime hub for Piraea's network of cities and outposts across the Solarian Sea and Acheolian Sea. In 215 BC, using instability in Piraea as justification, the Solarian Republic seized control of Aeolia and its smaller islands and incorporated the archepelago as a Provinicia Senatoria. The island's rich soil and copper deposits were rapidly exploited by the Solarians, the island was also significantly militarised by the Solarians, with a large number of shipyards and castras constructed.

Following the collapse of the Solarian Empire, the island fell under the control of local Solarian officials who moved to establish the Duchy of Aeolia in 477 AD, however, its independence would be short-lived with the expansion of the Verliquoian Empire, which seized much of coastal Etruria. The island would remain under Verliquoian control until it was ceded to the newly independent Republic of Andora in 1098, however, this would later bring conflict to the islands as Andora struggled to maintain control against the Exalted Republic of Povelia. In 1304, the Aeolian War resulted in the complete annexation of the archepelago into Povelia which in turn constructed a number of fortresses and harbours to protect the maritime entry into the Bay of Povelia. Aeolia would serve a prominent role within the Povelian dominated trade network across the Solarian and Acheolian Seas, leaving a permament linguistic and archtitectural legacy. Aeolia is the only other state in Etruria to speak the Povelian dialect of Vespasian besides Veratia and Il Dogado. Under Povelian rule, the island would occassionally suffer raids by the Gorsanid Empire and Tsabaran corsairs. In 1786, the island alongside Povelian Republic was annexed into the Etrurian First Republic, it would be the sight of the Battle of Ceres Point in 1787. Many revolutionary leaders, including Francesco Cassio Cacciarelli were exiled to the island following the Caltrini restoration in 1810.

Today, Aeolia is a popular tourist destination and is a major hub for the Etrurian Defence Force, including the Piastra Training Grounds, Castelvetrano naval base, Porto di Sotirio Arsenal and its historical hosting of the Poseidone anchorage.

Etymology

There is debate as to whether the name Aeolia is derived from Aeolus, the son of Poseidon or from a local myth produced by Piraean colonists prior to the Solarian Conquest. Several Piraean writers and historians also mark that the island was known as Aeolia throughout Classic Piraea's rule, though they do not confirm which Aeolus is the namesake. Solarian writers such as Quintius supports the argument that the island received its name from the local mythological figure, "Aeolus Watcher upon the Wind", a figure who reportedly became the patron of the warm winds that buffer the islands during summertime. Conversely, Valencius Valens during his writing of "Histories of the Provinces" claimed the Piraeans colonised the island and dedicated its "terrain to Aeolus, Prince of the Sea and Son of Posdeidon." The discovery of a large temple complex - dedicated to Poseidon and Aeolus - near Castelvetrano in 1878 has led modern historians to argue that Poseidon's son is most likely the namesake.

During the course of the Etrurian Second Republic, Greater Solarian Republic and the 1970s, many developments and constructions were named in alignment to the ancient Piraean pantheon in respect to the islands' namesake.

History

Ancient tribes

Piraean colonisation

Solarian conquest

Solarian Empire

Duchy of Aeolia

Middle ages

Povelian rule

Etrurian Republic and unification

Modern

20th and 21st centuries

Government

The political structure of the state is defined by the Constitution of the Republic, which acts as the basic law of the state and provides guaranteed rights and freedoms for citizens. Like all other states in Etruria, Aeolia operates a parliamentary system, with the executive branch dependent upon the confidence of the legislature, while the judicial branch is separate and independent.

The Palazzo della Sirena is the seat of the State Assembly.

The government of Aeolia is led by the Prefect of State, who is the leader of the largest party or coalition in the State Assembly. The Prefect upon securing office appoints members of the Assembly to form his or her state cabinet, as well as Deputy Prefect of State. The State Assembly of Aeolia has 62 members who are elected from single-member constituencies every five or four years, while the Prefect has the right to dissolve the State Assembly upon securing permission from the President of the Federation. The incumbent Prefect of State is Luciano Giustiniani, who entered office following the 2015 Tarpeian state election, his deputy is Serenella Capri.

In the 2016 election, the far-right Tribune Movement won over 50% of the popular vote, securing a supermajority in the State Assembly. In the 2020 state election, the Tribune Movement won 48% of the vote, losing two seats but retaining its supermajority.

Aeolia was until 2016, the only state in Etruria to operate the first past the post electoral system, this has led to Aeolia have constitently more stable and long-serving state governments compared to those on the mainland. Aeolia has also been one of the most consistently conservative states, becoming a stronghold for Libertas, Etrurian Federalist Party and the Tribune Movement, though its support for the latter is markedly stronger than its predecessors. The state is also the only to run elections for the appointment of state judges, this has become increasingly politicised since the 1980s, leading to Aeolia being widely percevied as operating the most conservative state-level court system in Etruria. This process is a legacy of Povelian Republic's governance of the island, which due to its small size and historically small population, permitted elections by the wealthy patrician and merchant classes to elect magistrates. This has remained in place since 1786, with elections for the three sitting criminal case judges every six years.

Administrative divisions

Geography

The state of Aeolia covers the entire Aeolian archepelago and covers a total land area of 1,898 km2 (733 sq mi). It is comprised of five populated islands: Aeolia, Santa Eufemia, San Carlo, Ogliastra and Tavolara, as well as 28 outcroppings and smaller unihabitated islands. Aeolia island is the largest, covering an area of 1,756 sq km (677 sq mi). Aeolia island unlike the smaller islands of the Archepelago is recorded as having an ancient geoformation, with some rock layers dating from the Paleozoic Era. The smaller islands were formed via the uplifting of granite over 250 million years ago. However, it is believed that the island was much larger historically and lost over 30% of its original size to rising sea-levels, which formed the Bay of Povelia during the closing stages of the last ice age.

As a result of its formation, Aeolia’s terrain is defined by its rocky Piccolo Custode mountains that run west-to-east along the northern coastline. These mountains are formed primarily of schist, trachyte, basalt, sandstone, granite and dolomite limestone, produced through eons of erosion. The Piccolo Custode average in heights between 300 to 1,100m (984 to 3,608 ft), the island’s highest peak is Punto di Efesto (Hephaestus Point) which stands at 1,308m (4291 ft) and is in the eastern end of the Piccolo Custode range. Aeolia from the Piccolo Custode running southward is predominately flat, being covered mostly by alluvial plains and rolling hills.

The coasts of Aeolia are generally high and rocky on the northern, western, eastern and southwestern edges, the southeast is generally flatter. The northern coastline is defined by many inlets and rias, the southern coast hosts deep bays and headlands. There are also numerous small islands and islets along the northern and southern coastlines leading to the four larger populated islands.

  • Alluvial plains of the island's interior

    Alluvial plains of the island's interior

  • A beach on the northern coast of Aeolia

    A beach on the northern coast of Aeolia

  • View of Aeolia's interior from the Piccolo Custode

    View of Aeolia's interior from the Piccolo Custode

  • View of the Piccolo Custode during winter

    View of the Piccolo Custode during winter

  • The Piccolo Custode hosts the largest Solarian evergreen forests outside of mainland Euclea

    The Piccolo Custode hosts the largest Solarian evergreen forests outside of mainland Euclea

  • The beach of Porto Artemide

    The beach of Porto Artemide

Climate

Aeolia has a Solarian climate (Köppen: Csa), with mild and relatively wet winters and hot, bright, dry summers. The climate is heavily influenced by the Bay of Povelia, which measures as barometric low for most of the year. Temperatures are hotter on the interior plains and the southeastern region of the island during summer, while areas in and around the Piccolo Custode are colder and markedly wetter during winter. The wettest months for Aeolia are October and November, though percipitation is below the national average during this months.

Climate data for Porto di Sotirio, extremes (1978-2021)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 24.2
(75.6) 		24.4
(75.9) 		26.6
(79.9) 		28.0
(82.4) 		32.0
(89.6) 		36.5
(97.7) 		38.0
(100.4) 		37.8
(100.0) 		35.5
(95.9) 		31.2
(88.2) 		27.6
(81.7) 		23.4
(74.1) 		38.0
(100.4)
Average high °C (°F) 15.4
(59.7) 		15.5
(59.9) 		17.2
(63.0) 		19.2
(66.6) 		22.5
(72.5) 		26.5
(79.7) 		29.4
(84.9) 		29.8
(85.6) 		27.1
(80.8) 		23.7
(74.7) 		19.3
(66.7) 		16.5
(61.7) 		21.8
(71.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) 11.9
(53.4) 		11.9
(53.4) 		13.4
(56.1) 		15.5
(59.9) 		18.8
(65.8) 		22.7
(72.9) 		25.7
(78.3) 		26.2
(79.2) 		23.5
(74.3) 		20.2
(68.4) 		15.8
(60.4) 		13.1
(55.6) 		18.2
(64.8)
Average low °C (°F) 8.3
(46.9) 		8.4
(47.1) 		9.6
(49.3) 		11.7
(53.1) 		15.1
(59.2) 		18.9
(66.0) 		21.9
(71.4) 		22.5
(72.5) 		19.9
(67.8) 		16.6
(61.9) 		12.3
(54.1) 		9.7
(49.5) 		14.6
(58.3)
Record low °C (°F) 0.0
(32.0) 		−0.1
(31.8) 		1.6
(34.9) 		4.4
(39.9) 		8.0
(46.4) 		11.0
(51.8) 		16.4
(61.5) 		15.8
(60.4) 		10.0
(50.0) 		8.4
(47.1) 		3.8
(38.8) 		2.5
(36.5) 		−0.1
(31.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 43
(1.7) 		37
(1.5) 		28
(1.1) 		39
(1.5) 		36
(1.4) 		11
(0.4) 		6
(0.2) 		22
(0.9) 		52
(2.0) 		69
(2.7) 		59
(2.3) 		48
(1.9) 		449
(17.7)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 6 6 5 5 4 2 1 2 5 7 6 7 53
Mean monthly sunshine hours 167 170 205 237 284 315 346 316 227 205 161 151 2,779
Percent possible sunshine 54 55 55 61 66 70 75 73 63 60 54 54 62

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1800338,121—    
1900360,225+6.5%
1906361,258+0.3%
1916372,005+3.0%
1926390,800+5.1%
1950402,558+3.0%
1966469,372+16.6%
1976599,775+27.8%
1986709,265+18.3%
1996875,652+23.5%
2006995,449+13.7%
20161,128,553+13.4%
20211,135,770+0.6%
Source: Ufficio Federale di Statistica

According to the 2016 federal census, Aeolia and its surrounding islands had a total population of 1,128,553, the 13th most populous administrative division in Etruria. It has a population density of 594.60/km2 (1,540.0/sq mi), making it the second most densely populated division of Etruria after Il Dogado. Population growth in Aeolia has been primarily driven by the emigration of Etrurians from other parts of the country, notably among the retired and "high income demographic." The widespread construction of towns and resorts focused on facilitating and hosting tourists during the military regime (1960-1984) also contributed to rapid population growth as many young Etrurians emigrated to take up work in the services sector.

Ethnic groups

According to the 2016 federal census, Aeolia is one of the most Vespasian in terms of homogenity. 96% of respondents identified as Vespasian, while 2.1% identified as Carinthian and 0.5% as Novalian. The remaining 1.4% of the population identified as non-Etrurian ethnic groups. Aeolia has one of the highest concentrations of Euclean emigrants in the country, mostly retirees who have moved to the island for the climate, lifestyle and scenery.

In 2016 the total population of foreign nationals was 15,799 broken down per nationality as:

Languages

The official languages of the state of Aeolia is Vespasian, however, like Il Dogado and Veratia, the state also officially recognises the Veratian dialect as a separate language spoken by the populace. 97% of Aeolians speak the Veratian dialect of Vespasian, the highest rate of the three 'Povelian states.' However, signage and official state documents are produced in both the national Vespasian and state Veratian dialect. Other languages spoke and protected by their official status at the federal-level are Novalian and Carinthian.

Life expectancy

Aeolia has the highest life expectancy of any of Etruria's states, at slightly over 82 years (85 for women and 79.6 for men). The island is also the highest ranking in Euclea for the rate of cenenarians, (22/100,000 inhabitants) and shares the top spot in the world with Senria. Studies have concluded that the island's diet, culture and climate contributes considerably to life expectenancy of its inhabitants.

Education

Aeolia has for many years ranked among the lowest in Etruria for education attainment, it is also the highest ranked state for school drop-out rate. This has been blamed on poor funding by the state and federal governments and disparities between larger urban areas and the rural interior. Aeolia has also consistently ranked the lowest for teacher-to-pupil ratio, and operates the largest number of students per class. Other studies have blamed the high wages offered by the services sector, which has been a pull on students to drop out of school to instead enter the workplace. In 2019, the state administration passed a law prohibiting the employment of 16-18 year olds who are no longer on the school roll.

In the 2016 census, the literacy rate in Aeolia among those below 65 years old stood at 99.5%, while literacy among those over the age of 65 stood at 90.4%. The number of women that annually graduate secondary high schools and universities is about 10–20 percent higher than men, while the enrollment rate of women in universities is also 25 percent higher than men. Aeolia has a single public university, the Catholic University of Porto di Sotirio, founded in the 16th century by Povelian-appointed governor of the island. 32,490 students were enrolled at the university for 2020-2021.

Urbanisation

Aeolia's urban geography is dominated by two small-sized cities; Porto di Sotirio (the capital) and Maladroxia, located on the southern and northeastern coastlines respectively. During the 1960s through to the 1980s, the island underwent a major construction boom as small towns and resort facilities were constructed to support the tourism industry. The town of Prometeo is one such resort constructed in the 1970s that has since grown into a large town of 30,000 people. Aeolia is also littered with a number of towns, villages and hamlets constructed and settled during the middle ages and still carry the architectural legacy of Povelian rule.

 
Largest cities or towns in Aeolia
Ufficio Federale di Statistica report 01.01.18
Rank Region Pop.
Porto di Cristo
Porto di Cristo
Maladroxia
Maladroxia 		1 Porto di Cristo Capitale 264,460 Salvésa
Salvésa
Promoteo
Promoteo
2 Maladroxia San Marco 220,707
3 Salvésa Raccolto 50,225
4 Promoteo Olympio 32,508
5 Porto Artimide Piccolo Custode 15,202
6 San Donà di Aeolia Centro 10,336
7 Nuova Delfi Palazetto 7,550
8 Gesturi Capitale 7,198
9 Nuova Eraclea Palazetto 5,987
10 Claudia Augusta Olympio 5,549

Economy

Tourism

Agriculture

Industry

Energy

Transportation

Culture

Tourism

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