2022 Alslandic legislative election: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox legislative election
{{Infobox election
| election_name      = Next Alslandic legislative election
| country = Alsland
| country            = Alsland
| type = parliamentary
| previous_election  = [[Alsland|2018]]
| previous_election = 2018 Alslandic legislative election
| next_election      =  
| previous_year = 2018
| election_date = 5 September 2022
| next_election = 2024 Alslandic legislative election
| next_year = 2024
| seats_for_election = All 201 seats in the [[Folkssenaat]]
| seats_for_election = All 201 seats in the [[Folkssenaat]]
| majority_seats     = 101
| majority_seats = 101
| first_election    = no
| opinion_polls = Opinion polling for the 2022 Alslandic legislative election
| registered = 8,994,359
| turnout = 75.73% ({{decrease|size=10px}}1.98 {{wpl|Percentage point|pp}})
| image_size = 130x130px


| ongoing            = yes
| image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Urmas Reinsalu 2017-05-25 (cropped).jpg|bSize = 120|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 0}}
| results_sec        =
| leader1 = [[Olari Lippmaa]]
| turnout            =
| colour1          = ff0000
| election_date      = On or before 5 September 2022
| party1 = [[Left Alliance (Alsland)|Left Alliance]]
| last_election1 = 18.66%, 27 seats
| seats1 = '''42'''
| seat_change1 = {{increase}}15
| popular_vote1 = '''1,537,577'''
| percentage1 = '''22.90%'''
| swing1 = {{increase}}8.70pp


<!-- Liveable Delland -->
| image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Dutch PM Mark Rutte 2022.jpg|bSize = 120|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 0}}
| party1            = [[Liveable Delland|LD]]
| leader2 = [[Liekele Ykema]]
| colour1            = #0F8554
| colour2          = 8AC727
| party_leader1      = [[Eltsje Nicolai]]
| party2 = [[Liveable Alsland]]
| seats1_before      = 29
| last_election2 = 18.66%, 24 seats
| percentage1 =  
| seats2 = 41
| seats1 =
| seat_change2 = {{increase}}17
| popular_vote2 = 1,241,865
| percentage2 = 18.49%
| swing2 = {{increase}}6.19pp


<!-- Civic Initiative -->
| image3 = {{CSS image crop|Image =RE Kaja Kallas (cropped).jpg|bSize = 120|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 0}}
| party2            = [[Civic Initiative|CI]]
| leader3 = [[Kairi Sokk]]
| colour2            = #3DC5FF
| colour3          = 1108d7
| party_leader2      = [[Ermnbryht Vrihte]]
| party3 = [[Radical (Alsland)|Radical Movement]]
| seats2_before      = 21
| last_election3 = –
| percentage2 =  
| seats3 = 32
| seats2 =
| seat_change3 = ''New''
| popular_vote3 = 972,091
| percentage3 = 14.48%
| swing3 = ''New''


<!-- FH -->
| image4 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Tom van Grieken (cropped).jpg|bSize = 120|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 0}}
| party3            = [[Progressive Holsteen|FH]]
| leader4 = [[Elsert Wassenaar]]
| colour3            = #D5305F
| colour4          = FF8400
| party_leader3      = [[Ottila Möller]]
| party4 = [[Orange Party|Orange Party]]
| seats3_before      = 17
| last_election4 = –
| percentage3 =  
| seats4 = 31
| seats3 =
| seat_change4 = ''New''
| popular_vote4 = 859,902
| percentage4 = 12.81%
| swing4 = ''New''


<!-- SDD -->
| image5 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Hilde Crevits (2017) (cropped).jpg|bSize = 120|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 0}}
| party4            = [[Social Democrats of Swerdia|SDS]]
| leader5 = [[Hilda Schaaf]]
| colour4            = #F0928F
| colour5          = C27213
| party_leader4      = [[Ạlfgar Þraller]]
| party5 = [[Humanist Sotirian Union|Humanist Sotirian Union]]
| seats4_before      = 16
| last_election5 = 18.66%, 32 seats
| percentage4 =  
| seats5 = 15
| seats4 =
| seat_change5 = {{decrease}}17
| popular_vote5 = 461,727
| percentage5 = 6.88%
| swing5 = {{decrease}}10.72pp


<!-- USD -->
| party5            = [[Union of Sotirians and Democrats|USD]]
| colour5            = #FCBC00
| party_leader5      = [[Sören Dittrich]]
| seats5_before      = 15
| percentage5 =
| seats5 =


<!-- SDD -->
| image6 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Lindholz Portrait.jpg|bSize = 120|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 0}}
| party6            = [[Social Democrats of Delland|SDD]]
| leader6 = [[Ermnbryht Vrihte]]
| colour6           = #FF6B6B
| colour6           = 00ace8
| party_leader6      = [[Sappe Van Der Lei]]
| party6 = [[National Bloc (Alsland)|Bloc/MDP]]
| seats6_before      = 15
| last_election6 = 18.66%, 51 seats
| percentage6 =  
| seats6 = 13
| seats6 =
| seat_change6 = {{decrease}}38
| popular_vote6 = 445,515
| percentage6 = 6.63%
| swing6 = {{decrease}}19.07pp


<!-- SFP -->
| image7 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Sophie Wilmès crop.jpg|bSize = 120|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 0}}
| party7            = [[Sotirian People's Party|SFP]]
| leader7 = [[Ottila Möller]]
| colour7           = #F6E324
| colour7           = F32957
| party_leader7      = [[Griġm Vaġner]]
| party7 = [[Progressive Alliance (Alsland)|Progressive Alliance]]
| seats7_before      = 11
| last_election7 = 18.66%, 35 seats
| percentage7 =  
| seats7 = 10
| seats7 =
| seat_change7 = {{decrease}}25
| popular_vote7 = 365,750
| percentage7 = 5.45%
| swing7 = {{decrease}}13.05pp


<!-- OP -->
| image8 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Jevgeni Ossinovski 2017-05-25 (cropped).jpg|bSize = 120|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 0}}
| party8            = [[Orange Party|OP]]
| leader8 = [[Alari Keskkula]]
| colour8           = #F29837
| colour8           = 872e5c
| party_leader8      = [[Elsert Wassenaar]]
| party8 = [[Kirenian People's Party|Martish People's Party]]
| seats8_before      = 11
| last_election8 = 18.66%, 11 seats
| percentage8 =  
| seats8 = 10
| seats8 =  
| seat_change8 = {{decrease}}1
| popular_vote8 = 317,113
| percentage8 = 4.72%
| swing8 = {{decrease}}1.98pp


<!-- GAK -->
| image9 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Jesse Klaver 2020 (6) (cropped).jpg|bSize = 120|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 0}}
| party9            = [[Green - Alternative Choice|G-AK]]
| leader9 = [[Sjearp Groeneveld]]
| colour9           = #0BD02C
| colour9           = 0BD02C
| party_leader9      = [[Sjearp Groeneveld]]
| party9 = [[Green - Alternative Choice|Greens]]
| seats9_before      = 10
| last_election9 = 18.66%, 10 seats
| percentage9 =  
| seats9 = 4
| seats9 =  
| seat_change9 = {{decrease}}6
| popular_vote9 = 188,712
| percentage9 = 2.81%
| swing9 = {{decrease}}1.99pp


<!-- HSU -->
| map_image = File:2022 Alslandic election map.png
| party10            = [[Humanist Sotirian Union|HSU]]
| map_size = 450px
| colour10            = #D0793D
| map_caption = The distribution of seats between each constituency.
| party_leader10      = [[Hilda Schaaf]]
| title = [[Alsland|Government]]
| seats10_before      = 10
| before_election = [[Alsland|Möller cabinet]]
| percentage10 =  
| before_party = [[National Bloc (Alsland)|NB]]-[[Progressive Alliance (Alsland)|PA]]-[[Humanist Sotirian Union|HSU]]-[[Green - Alternative Choice|G-AK]]
| seats10 =  
| posttitle = Government after election
| after_election = TBD
| after_party =  
}}
'''Legislative elections''' were held in [[Alsland]] on 5 September 2022 to all 201 members of the [[Folkssenaat]]. The incumbent government was defeated in a historic landslide and lost 79 seats in the Senate, the victors of the election were the {{wpl|Centrism|centrist}} and {{wpl|Localism|localist}} [[Liveable Alsland]] (LA), the {{wpl|Populism|populist}} [[Together for Alsland]] (TFA) and the {{wpl|Nationalism|nationalist}} [[Orange Party]] (ORP) who all announced coalition talks with each other shortly after the election.


<!-- PFD -->
The election took place in the immediate aftermath of the [[SYFA spying scandal]] which was blamed for the sitting government's defeat and the rise of anti-establishment parties. Initial media reactions noted the growth in support for the right-wing Orange Party and the increased fracturing of the centre-left into 3 separate and opposing parties. The previously dominant [[National Bloc (Alsland)|National Bloc]] suffered its worst defeat in history, losing 38 seats and was left with only 15 seats in the Senate, analysts claimed this was due to the ongoing trend of [[Percederation]] amongst the Euclean {{wpl|Centre-right politics|centre-right}}. The election also saw the socialist alliance of the [[Left Alliance (Alsland)|Left Alliance]] suffer its second worst result in its history although it improved its result from 2018 by gaining 15 seats. Liveable Alsland were able to recover from their loss in 2018 and emerged as the largest single party for the first time although their candidate for Premier [[Liekele Ykema]] had announced he would not stand for the position at the election whilst serving as a member of the Euclean Parliament. The party instead opted for an informal agreement with [[Radical (Alsland)|Radical Movement]] which would see new legislative elections held alongside Presidential and Euclean elections in 2024.
| party11            = [[Party for Freedom and Democracy|PFD]]
| colour11            = #3C50C0
| party_leader11      = [[Petra Glasser]]
| seats11_before      = 10
| percentage11 =
| seats11 =


<!-- AP-LL -->
The [[Humanist Sotirian Union]] (HSU) lost 16 seats and signalled its intention to lead a constructive opposition to any future government whilst the party underwent a recovery process. The [[Green - Alternative Choice]] (GAK) fell under the 4% threshold but was able to win seats after it formed a joint list with the minority [[Estmerish Alliance (Alsland)|Estmerish Alliance]] party which won a seat as a minority list, thus qualifying GAK for representation in the Folkssenaat. The threshold requirements triggered controversy after the anti-corruption [[Eenpalu Network]] fell below the threshold and failed to win seats but won more votes than the Greens who did win seats, as a result of this the electoral commission proposed abolishing the threshold or closing loopholes in the threshold law which allow parties who fall below the threshold to win seats.
| party12            = [[Workers Party - Left List|AP-LL]]
| colour12            = #3CBF18
| party_leader12      = [[Jabik Nieuwenhuis]]
| seats12_before      = 9
| percentage12 =
| seats12 =


<!-- PO -->
After the election, the Radical Movement ruled out cooperation with any party that had been in the incumbent government and helped initiate coalition talks between Liveable Alsland and the Orange Party, the leaders of the other parties in this proposal met on 6 September to discuss whether this coalition was feasible. Another coalition between Liveable Alsland, Together and ASAY was also proposed and the leadership of Liveable Alsland sent the party a questionnaire to discuss shared policies and whether a common agenda could be worked out. The start of the [[Alslandic government-debt crisis]] derailed coalition talks and a hurried agreement between Liveable Alsland, Radical Movement, Orange, HSU and the Alliance was formed to deal with the crisis until new elections in 2024.
| party13            = [[Team Oosterbaan|PO]]
{{TOC limit|4}}
| colour13            = #5241D4
=Background=
| party_leader13      = [[Alof Oosterbaan]]
The [[Alsland|2018 legislative election]] had resulted in the end of the Premiership of [[Liekele Ykema]] who had been Premier for 8 years prior to the election. The [[National Bloc (Alsland)|National Bloc]], [[Humanist Sotirian Union]], [[Progressive Alliance (Alsland)|Progressive Alliance]] and [[Green - Alternative Choice]] all made gains at the expense of the previously governing [[Liveable Alsland]] and the opposition [[Alslandic Section of the Workers' International]] whilst the [[Kirenian People's Party]] kept their 11 seats. In the case of the Progressive Alliance it went from 10 seats prior to the election to 35 and became the largest party of the left in Alsland.
| seats13_before      = 5
| percentage13 =
| seats13 =
 
<!-- KRP -->
| party14            = [[Kirenian People's Party|KRP]]
| colour14            = #872E5C
| party_leader14      = [[Ahto Malk]]
| seats14_before      = 4
| percentage14 =
| seats14 =
 
<!-- ASAY -->
| party15            = [[ASAY]]
| colour15            = #9B372A
| party_leader15      = [[Braalt Holtrop]]
| seats15_before      = 3
| percentage15 =
| seats15 =
 
<!-- PAP -->
| party16            = [[Countryside and Agrarian Party|PAP]]
| colour16            = #3ECC95
| party_leader16      = [[Michael Peltzer]]
| seats16_before      = 3
| percentage16 =
| seats16 =


<!-- PAP -->
Following the election, [[President of Alsland|President]] [[Rita Rebane]] asked [[Hepke Veltman]] from the National Bloc to form a coalition. The following negotiations were the longest in Alslandic history and took 4 months whilst Liekele Ykema remained as acting Premier. The negotiations involved all political parties and an agreement was reached between the National Bloc, Progressive Alliance, Humanist Sotirian Union and Green - Alternative Choice to form a coalition which would have a similar composition to the previous government of Liekele Ykema. Veltman became Premier on 27 December 2018 during a special inauguration ceremony and his government was sworn in later that day. During the negotiations Veltman was accused of tax evasion by multiple news sources, Veltman denied the allegations but was granted immunity from prosecution after being sworn in as Premier.
| party17            = [[Future of Delland|TD]]
| colour17            = #E4D323
| party_leader17      = [[Geldou Joustra]]
| seats17_before      = 3
| percentage17 =
| seats17 =


<!-- OVP -->
In 2020, Veltman announced his candidacy for the [[President of Alsland]] and Rebane announced her retirement from politics. The move was condemned by his coalition partners who argued he was abandoning a position he had been elected to, as such the Progressive Alliance, HSU and Greens all refused to back another National Bloc Premier and instead demanded Finance Minister [[Ottila Möller]] from the Progressive Alliance be sworn in as Premier if Veltman stood down, Veltman ultimately agreed to stand down during the campaign and won the Presidential election narrowly. Möller was sworn in as Premier on 25 April, the same day Veltman resigned as Premier and was sworn in as President by Rebane.
| party18            = [[Weranian People's Party|OVP]]
| colour18            = #8C001C
| party_leader18      = [[Adam Ehrenstein]]
| seats18_before      = 3
| percentage18 =
| seats18 =


<!-- MDP -->
The [[Orange Party]] was founded on 16 July 2021 as a union of right-wing parties opposed to the government, the Party grew rapidly in support amongst dissatisfied National Bloc voters. On 26 January 2022, an opinion poll showed 58% of Alslanders disapproved of Möller's government which was the highest disapproval rating of her government, days later Möller called a vote of no confidence against her own government by resigning, the government won the vote of confidence and Möller was reappointed Premier. The vote of confidence caused a rift between the National Bloc and the other coalition parties after the Bloc's leader [[Ermnbryht Vrihte]] called for an early election and a new interim Premier.
| party19            = [[Martish Democratic Party|MDP]]
| colour19            = #0092D2
| party_leader19      = [[Triin Keskula]]
| seats19_before      = 2
| percentage19 =
| seats19 =


<!-- VOX -->
After the [[SYFA spying scandal]] the government's approval rating dropped drastically, several days ahead of the election a poll conducted on behalf of [[Hjoed]] recorded only 9% of respondents saying they approved of the current government whilst 72% disapproved of the government. The Möller government resigned in the wake of the scandal.
| party20            = [[VOX Alsland|VOX]]
| colour20            = #0000FF
| party_leader20      = [[Yft Elzinga]]
| seats20_before      = 2
| percentage20 =
| seats20 =
 
<!-- EA -->
| party21            = [[Estmerish Alliance|EA]]
| colour21            = #000000
| party_leader21      = [[Dominic Wood]]
| seats21_before      = 1
| percentage21 =
| seats21 =
 
<!-- SNL -->
| party22            = [[Swathish Nationalist List|SNL]]
| colour22            = #2C6731
| party_leader22      = [[Andasvar Cyngiġe]]
| seats22_before      = 1
| percentage22 =
| seats22 =
 
<!-- last/next PM -->
| title          = [[Premier of Alsland|Premier]]
| before_election = [[Ottila Möller]]
| before_party    = [[Progressive Holsteen]]
| before_image    = File:Sophie Wilmès 2020 (cropped) 2.jpg
| after_election  =
| after_party    =
| after_image    =
| map_image      =
| map_size        =
| map_caption    =
|map=2023 Alslandic legislative election map.png}}
 
'''Legislative elections''' are scheduled to be held in the [[Alsland|United Provinces of Alsland]] by 5 September 2022. All 201 members of the [[Folkssenaat]] will be up for election.
=Background=
The [[Alsland|2018 Alslandic legislative election]] was held after a 4-year coalition government led by [[Liveable Delland]] and involving [[Civic Initiative]], [[Progressive Holsteen]], the [[Social Democrats of Swerdia]], the [[Party for Freedom and Democracy]], [[Green - Alternative Choice]] and the [[Countryside and Agrarian Party]]. The coalition had lost it's majority prior to the election when the [[Countryside and Agrarian Party]] left the coalition over a proposed climate change bill. Following the election, despite the coalition coming close to winning a majority in the [[Folkssenaat]] but remained just shy of the 101 required seats to form a majority government.
 
After Civic Initiative threatened to leave coalition negotiations Premier [[Liekele Ykema]] resigned and was succeeded by the moderate [[Hepke Veltman]]. The [[Cabinet of Alsland|Veltman cabinet]] was sworn in 6 months after the election when the [[Kirenian People's Party]] agreed to support the government. [[Hepke Veltman]] resigned in 2020 after being elected as [[President of Alsland]]. He was succeeded by [[Ottila Möller]] of [[Progressive Holsteen]]. The coalition gained additional seats in 2021 when the {{wp|Green Conservative|eco-conservative}} [[Alsland|Community 2000]] party merged with the Green Party.
=Electoral system=
=Electoral system=
[[File:Alsland electionmap numbers.png|thumb|left|The distribution of seats between each constituency]]
All 201 Senators are members of 14 constituencies which represent each [[Provinces of Alsland|Province of Alsland]]. Senators are elected using the {{wpl|party-list proportional representation}}, using the {{wpl|d'Hondt system|Boeri method}}. A party or list must win 4% of the nationwide popular vote to be eligible to win seats and the seats would be divided by how many votes that list won in each constituency. Regionalist and parties representing specific communities are excluded from this rule and must only win enough votes to qualify for seats in the constituencies they are competing in, this includes parties who form alliances with minority parties. There are 3 single member constituencies which use the first past the post system to elect their candidates, Burnshire, Holsteen and Upper Swerdia are so called special constituencies and use this different voting system.
All 201 Senators are members of 18 constituencies which represent each [[Provinces of Alsland|Province of Alsland]]. Senators are elected using the {{wpl|Party-list proportional representation}}, using the {{wpl|d'Hondt system|Boeri method}}. The 2022 election will be the first federal election to allow for the possibility of overhang seats following an electoral reform law passed in 2019.
 
=Contesting parties=
===Major parties===
The following are Political parties with over 10 seats in the Folkssenaat or is represented in the [[Euclean Parliament]].
 
[[File:Mark Rutte 2011.jpg|180px|thumb|right|[[Liekele Ykema]] was Premier between 2011 until his resignation after the 2018 election]]
[[File:2011 Norbert Röttgen2.JPG|thumb|180px|right|[[Hepke Veltman]] was Premier between 2018 until his election as President in 2020]]
[[File:Sophie Wilmès (2021.11.11) 02.jpg|180px|thumb|right|[[Ottila Möller]] has been Premier since 2020]]
[[Liveable Delland]] (LD; ''Leefber Dellân'') is the largest party in the Alslandic [[Folkssenaat]] with 29 out of 201 available seats and has been in government since 2011. The party is active only within the [[Dellish Community]]. It was the senior coalition partner in the [[Cabinet of Alsland|First Ykema Cabinet]] from 2011 until 2014, the [[Cabinet of Alsland|Second Ykema Cabinet]] from 2014 until 2018 and the [[Cabinet of Alsland|Veltman Cabinet]] from 2018 to 2020. The party's leader is [[Eltsje Nicolai]] who is the Secretary of Defence in the [[Möller Cabinet]].
 
[[Civic Initiative]] (CI; ''TBD'') is the second largest party in the Folkssenaat with 21 seats. It has been a member of successive coalitions since 2008. The party is active within the [[Swathish Community]]. The party's current leader is [[Ermnbryht Vrihte]] who was Premier between 2008 and 2011. The party's refusal to start coalition negotiations with [[Liekele Ykema]] triggered his resignation as Premier following the 2018 election, the party eventually agreed to enter a successive coalition led by Liveable Delland after several months of negotiations.
 
[[Progressive Holsteen]] (FH; ''Fortschrittlich Holsteen'') is the third largest party in the Folkssenaat with 17 seats. The party is active only within the [[Holsaten Community]]. Formerly the Social Democrats of Holsteen the party had been a junior member of the government since 2008. It's current leader is [[Ottila Möller]] who was Secretary of Finance between 2014 and 2020 when she became Premier upon the resignation of [[Hepke Veltman]].
 
The [[Social Democrats of Swerdia]] (SDS; ''Sȯcydėmscrats ạf Swerdia'') is the fourth largest party in the Folkssenaat with 16 seats. The party is active only within the [[Swathish Community]]. The party historically was a major opponent of [[Civic Initiative]]. It agreed to enter a coalition with the party after the 2014 elections. The party's current leader is [[Ạlfgar Þraller]] who is a critic of the current coalition and has suggested that a new government should be elected after the 2022 election. The party considered trying to form a coalition of FH, itself, the SDD and other miscellaneous left wing political parties and Sotirian Democratic parties.
 
The [[Union of Sotirians and Democrats]] (USD, ''Union der Sotirianer und Demokraten'') is the joint-largest opposition party in the Folkssenaat and fifth largest party overall with 15 seats. The party is active only within the [[Holsaten Community]]. The party was in a coalition with Liveable Delland from 2011 and 2014 when it witnessed it's worst ever election result and only won 5 seats. It recovered in 2018 but was still confined to opposition. The party's leader since 2013 has been [[Sören Dittrich]] who has moved the party towards centrism and away from it's [[Solarian Catholic Church|Catholic]] roots.
 
The [[Social Democrats of Delland]] (SDD, ''Sosjaaldemokraten fan Dellân'') is the joint-largest opposition party in the Folkssenaat and joint-fifth largest party overall with 15 seats. The party is active only within the [[Dellish Community]]. The party was last in government between 2008 and 2011 but refused to join a coalition led by Liveable Delland. It was the primary opposition party between 2011 and 2018 but lost seats in the 2018 election. The party is led by actor [[Sappe Van Der Lei]] who appeared in the television series [[Defektor (TV series)|Defektor]] as a socialist politician.
 
The [[Sotirian People's Party]] (SFP, ''Sotiġstish Folcspartẹ'') is the joint-sixth largest party in the Folkssenaat with 11 seats. The party is active only within the [[Swathish Community]]. The party was last in government between 2008 and 2014 but did not renew it's coalition with Liveable Delland after other Sotirian political parties were not invited to negotiations. The party dropped this position following the 2018 election but was not invited to coalition negotiations. It is currently led by [[Griġm Vaġner]] who was Secretary of Social Affairs between 2008 and 2014.
 
The [[Orange Party]] (OP, ''Oranjepartij'') is the joint-sixth largest party in the Folkssenaat with 11 seats. The party is active across Alsland and is the largest Federal political party. Until 2014 it and all other right-wing populist political parties were subject to a cordon sanitaire by the other political parties but this position was dropped for the Orange Party after it liberalised and disavowed it's radical wing. The party has never been in government on the Federal level. It is led by [[Elsert Wassenaar]] who is the first openly gay leader of a major political party in Alsland.
 
[[Green - Alternative Choice]] (G-AK, ''Grien - Alternatyf kar'') is the joint-seventh largest party in the Folkssenaat with 10 seats. The party is active across Alsland. The party has been a member of the government since 2014. It is led by [[Sjearp Groeneveld]] who came within 10,000 votes of becoming the first Green President of Alsland in 2020. It has seen a surge in support since the [[2019 Euclean Parliament election]].
 
The [[Party for Freedom and Democracy]] (PFD, ''Partei für Freiheit und Demokratie'') is the joint-seventh largest party in the Folkssenaat with 10 seats. The party is active in the [[Holsaten Community]]. It has been a member of the governing coalition since 2011. The party's leader is [[Petra Glasser]] who succeeded Ottila Möller as Secretary of Finance in 2020. Glassler has continued the PFD's policy of {{wp|Radical Centrism}} and threatened to leave the coalition in 2020 if a Liveable Delland candidate was selected to be Premier following Hepke Veltman's resignation.


The [[Humanist Sotirian Union]] (HSU, ''Humanistyske SotiryskeUnie'') is the joint-seventh largest party in the Folkssenaat with 10 seats. The party is active in the [[Dellish Community]]. It was formed in 2015 as a merger between the Amendist ''New Sotirian People's Party'' and the Catholic ''Centrist Humanist Alliance''. It is co-led by [[Hilda Schaaf]] from the Amendist wing and [[Suwert Jorritsma]] of the Catholic wing. Schaaf is the Party's candidate for Premier.
Anyone above the age of 18 and has Alslandic citizenship is automatically registered to vote in the election to be eligible to stand for the Folkssenaat a person must be at least 18 years old and have Alslandic citizenship. If a candidate has dual citizenship they are allowed to retain it since 2019, prior to this a candidate would have had to renounce their previous citizenship. Voting machines are used extensively in Alslandic elections and are the most common form of voting process, federal law requires polling stations provide paper copies to voters who request a physical copy.
==Date==
According to the constitution of Alsland, legislative elections must either take place on the first Monday of September 4 years after the last legislative election, or be held on the same day as a Presidential election. Days on which federal elections are held are designated as public holidays as of 2020 to encourage voter turnout. As per the 2017 elections law, this will be the last election to have a fixed date which allows for snap elections following 2022.
==Political parties==
{{see also|List of political parties in Alsland}}
Nine political parties were represented in the [[Folkssenaat]] upon the dissolution of the 26th Folkssenaat.
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" colspan=2| Name
! rowspan="2"| Ideology
! rowspan="2"| Position
! rowspan="2"| Candidate
! colspan="2"| 2018 result
! rowspan="2"| Current<br/>seats
|-
! Votes (%)
! Seats
|-
| style="background:#5ECED5;"|
| [[National Bloc (Alsland)|Blok]]
| {{wpl|Liberal conservatism}}
| {{wpl|Centre-right politics|Centre-right}}
| [[Ermnbryht Vrihte]]
| style="text-align:center;"|25.7%
| {{Composition bar|51|201|#5ECED5}}
| {{Composition bar|51|201|#5ECED5}}
|-
| style="background:#ee222b;"|
| [[Progressive Alliance (Alsland)|PA]]
| {{wpl|Progressivism}}
| {{wpl|Centre-left politics|Centre-left}}
| [[Ottila Möller]]
| style="text-align:center;"|18.5%
| {{Composition bar|35|201|#ee222b}}
| {{Composition bar|33|201|#ee222b}}
|-
| style="background:#D0793D;"|
| [[Humanist Sotirian Union|HSU]]
| {{wpl|Christian humanism|Sotirian humanism}}
| {{wpl|Centrism|Centre}} to {{wpl|Centre-right politics|centre-right}}
| [[Hilda Schaaf]]
| style="text-align:center;"|17.6%
| {{Composition bar|32|201|#D0793D}}
| {{Composition bar|31|201|#D0793D}}
|-
| style="background:#ff0000;"|
| [[Left Alliance (Alsland)|Links]]
| {{wpl|Democratic socialism}}
| {{wpl|Left-wing politics|Left-wing}}
| [[Olari Lippmaa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|14.2%
| {{Composition bar|27|201|#ff0000}}
| {{Composition bar|27|201|#ff0000}}
|-
| style="background:#8AC727;"|
| [[Liveable Alsland|LA]]
| {{wpl|Liberalism}}
| {{wpl|Centrism|Centre}}
| [[Liekele Ykema]]
| style="text-align:center;"|12.3%
| {{Composition bar|24|201|#8AC727}}
| {{Composition bar|24|201|#8AC727}}
|-
| style="background:#872e5c;"|
| [[Kirenian People's Party|KRP]]
| {{wpl|Regionalism}}
| {{wpl|Centre-left politics|Centre-left}}
| [[Ahto Malk]]
| style="text-align:center;"|6.7%
| {{Composition bar|11|201|#872e5c}}
| {{Composition bar|11|201|#872e5c}}
|-
| style="background:#ff8400;"|
| [[Orange Party|ORP]]
| {{wpl|Right-wing populism}}
| {{wpl|Right-wing politics|Right-wing}}
| [[Elsert Wassenaar]]
| colspan=2 style="text-align:center;"|''Did not exist''
| {{Composition bar|11|201|#ff8400}}
|-
| style="background:#0BD02C;"|
| [[Green - Alternative Choice|GAK]]
| {{wpl|Green politics}}
| {{wpl|Centre-left politics|Centre-left}}
| [[Sjearp Groeneveld]]
| style="text-align:center;"|4.8%
| {{Composition bar|10|201|#0BD02C}}
| {{Composition bar|6|201|#0BD02C}}
|-
| style="background:#1108D7;"|
| [[Together for Alsland|TFA]]
| {{wpl|Green liberalism}}
| {{wpl|Centrism|Centre}} to {{wpl|Centre-right politics|centre-right}}
| [[Kairi Sokk]]
| colspan=2 style="text-align:center;"|''Did not exist''
| {{Composition bar|6|201|#1108D7}}
|-
|}
===Pre-dissolution composition===
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:right
|colspan=7|[[File:26th Senate of Alsland composition (2018-2022).svg|center|300px]]
|-
!colspan=2|Party
!Seats
|-
|bgcolor="#5ECED5"| ||align=left|[[National Bloc (Alsland)|National Bloc]]||51
|-
|bgcolor="#ee222b"| ||align=left|[[Progressive Alliance (Alsland)|Progressive Alliance]]||33
|-
|bgcolor="#D0793D"| ||align=left|[[Humanist Sotirian Union]]||31
|-
|bgcolor="#ff0000"| ||align=left|[[Left Alliance (Alsland)|Links]]||27
|-
|bgcolor="#8AC727"| ||align=left|[[Liveable Alsland]]||24
|-
|bgcolor="#872e5c"| ||align=left|[[Kirenian People's Party]]||11
|-
|bgcolor="#ff8400"| ||align=left|[[Orange Party (Alsland)|Orange Party]]||11
|-
|bgcolor="#0BD02C"| ||align=left|[[Green - Alternative Choice]]||6
|-
|bgcolor="#1108D7"| ||align=left|[[Together for Alsland]]||6
|-
|bgcolor="#ccced1"| ||align=left|{{wpl|Independent politician|Independent}} ([[Urjo Eenpalu]])||1
|-
|}


The [[Workers Party - Left List]] (AP - LL, ''Arbeiderspartij - Linkse List'') is the eighth largest party in the Folkssenaat with 10 seats. The party is active across Alsland. It is a merger between the Workers Party and the Left List party which was formalised in 2010. It led a government in Alsland between 2004 and 2008 alongside other left-wing political parties. The party is led by [[Jabik Nieuwenhuis]] who was Premier between 2004 and 2008. Recently the party has began a shift towards adopting Social Democracy as it's core ideology to form a unified party of the left.
=Campaign=
==Debates==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan="13" style="background:#B0C4DE" | Alslandic legislative election debates, 2022
|-
! rowspan="3" | {{small|Date}}
! rowspan="3" | {{small|Channel}}
! rowspan="3" | {{small|Subject}}
! rowspan="3" | {{small|Venue}}
! colspan="9" | {{Colors|black|#90FF90|&nbsp;P&nbsp;}} {{smaller|Present&nbsp;}} {{Colors|black|#D0F0C0|&nbsp;S&nbsp;}} {{smaller|Surrogate&nbsp;}} {{Colors|black|#A2B2C2|&nbsp;NI&nbsp;}} {{smaller|Not invited&nbsp;}} {{Colors|black|#FF9090|&nbsp;A&nbsp;}} {{smaller|Absent invitee&nbsp;}}{{Colors|black|#0000|&nbsp;INV&nbsp;}}{{smaller|Invited&nbsp;}}
|-
!!{{vert header|[[Green - Alternative Choice|GAK]]}}
!!{{vert header|[[Left Alliance (Alsland)|Links]]}}
!!{{vert header|[[Kirenian People's Party|KRP]]}}
!!{{vert header|[[Progressive Alliance (Alsland)|PA]]}}
!!{{vert header|[[Humanist Sotirian Union|HSU]]}}
!!{{vert header|[[Together for Alsland|TFA]]}}
!!{{vert header|[[National Bloc (Alsland)|Blok]]}}
!!{{vert header|[[Orange Party|ORP]]}}
!!{{vert header|[[Liveable Alsland|LA]]}}
|-
! style="background:#0BD02C;" width="30px;" |
! style="background:#ff0000;" width="30px;" |
! style="background:#872e5c;" width="30px;" |
! style="background:#F32957;" width="30px;" |
! style="background:#C27213;" width="30px;" |
! style="background:#1108D7;" width="30px;" |
! style="background:#5ECED5;" width="30px;" |
! style="background:#ff7000;" width="30px;" |
! style="background:#8ac727;" width="30px;" |
|-
|31 July
|[[Alslandyske Nijs en Radiotsjinst|ANS 1]]
|Climate change debate
|ANS Main Studios
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |'''NI'''
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
| style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" |'''S'''
|-
|9 August
|[[Alslandyske Nijs en Radiotsjinst|ANS 1]]
|Accountability debate
|ANS Main Studios
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|-
|16 August
|[[Alslandyske Nijs en Radiotsjinst|ANS 1]]
|Federal debate
|ANS Main Studios
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|-
|20 August
|[[Alslandyske Nijs en Radiotsjinst|ANS 1]]
|Federal debate
|ANS Main Studios
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|-
|23 August
|[[Marti Päevaleht|MRT 1]]
|Martish debate
|MRT Rahu studio
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
| style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" |'''S'''
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|-
|3 September
|[[Alslandyske Nijs en Radiotsjinst|ANS 1]]
|Federal debate
|ANS Main Studios
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|{{Yes|'''P'''}}
|-
|}
===Opinion polls on Debates===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"
|+ Candidate viewed as "performing best" or "most convincing" in each debate
|-
! rowspan="2"| Debate
!!{{vert header|[[Green - Alternative Choice|GAK]]}}
!!{{vert header|[[Left Alliance (Alsland)|Links]]}}
!!{{vert header|[[Kirenian People's Party|KRP]]}}
!!{{vert header|[[Progressive Alliance (Alsland)|PA]]}}
!!{{vert header|[[Humanist Sotirian Union|HSU]]}}
!!{{vert header|[[Together for Alsland|TFA]]}}
!!{{vert header|[[National Bloc (Alsland)|Blok]]}}
!!{{vert header|[[Orange Party|ORP]]}}
!!{{vert header|[[Liveable Alsland|LA]]}}
! style="width:45px;" rowspan="2"| Tie
! style="width:45px;" rowspan="2"| None
|-
! style="background:#0BD02C;" width="30px;" |
! style="background:#ff0000;" width="30px;" |
! style="background:#872e5c;" width="30px;" |
! style="background:#F32957;" width="30px;" |
! style="background:#C27213;" width="30px;" |
! style="background:#1108D7;" width="30px;" |
! style="background:#5ECED5;" width="30px;" |
! style="background:#ff7000;" width="30px;" |
! style="background:#8ac727;" width="30px;" |
|-
| rowspan="6" align="left"| 31 July
| 9.8
| 12.5
| style="background:#872e5c;" | '''14.1'''
| 5.8
| 7.8
| –
| 4.5
| 6.9
| 9.7
| 4.8
| 24.1
|-
|}
==Issues==
There were several key campaign issues throughout the campaign. The most important issue of the campaign for voters was government accountability which was brought to the forefront by the [[SYFA spying scandal]] in mid-July which damaged the credibility of the incumbent government.


[[Team Oosterbaan]] (PO, ''Ploech Oosterbaan'') is the ninth largest party in the Folkssenaat with 5 seats. The party is active across Alsland. It was founded in 2019 before  the 2019 Euclean parliament election by defectors from the Orange Party, it won 2 seats in the subsequent election. It is primarily comprised of the extreme wings of the Orange Party and members of the Orange Party's former Youth Wing. It is led by [[Alof Oosterbaan]] who was the party's leading candidate for the Euclean election, Oosterbaan has declared his intention to become Premier after the election if his party wins the most seats.
Constitutional reform also became a major campaign issue after the [[Alslandic Section of the Workers' International]], [[Green - Alternative Choice]], [[Liveable Alsland]] and the [[Progressive Alliance (Alsland)|Progressive Alliance]] all agreed to hold a constitutional convention to radically reshape Alsland's government. Reasons for the constitutional convention ranged from giving the regions more of a say in politics, making Alslandic politics more proportional and to give voters a bigger say in government policy and to ensure key rights in Alsland such as [[LGBT rights in Alsland|LGBT rights]], gender equality and other anti-discrimination policies were enshrined in the constitution.  


Other major issues which became themes of the campaign were:
* Climate change
* Health
* Education
* The Euclean Community
* Immigration
* Security
==Party campaigns==
==Endorsements==
=Opinion polls=
=Opinion polls=
{{Graph:Chart
{{main|Opinion polling for the 2022 Alslandic legislative election}}
| xType=seats
The progression of voting intentions throughout the campaign period ahead of the 2022 Alslandic legislative election.
        | height=400
== Result==
        | width=900
Turnout at the election stood at 75% which was above the Euclean and national average for elections but down 2% from 2018 which was attributed to dissatisfaction with the choices presented. Political expert Solarian Kukk from the University of Yndyk said about the results were a shift from Alsland's traditional politics which favour stability over populist politics. He said: "Voters have selected new and inexperienced figures who now make up a large percentage of the Senate, there is a real risk that political turmoil and instability could follow in the upcoming years." Kukk also pointed out the apparent senselessness of the threshold rules when pointing out that the [[Eenpalu Network]] failed to win seats whilst the [[Green - Alternative Choice|Greens]], which won less votes than the Eenpalu Network, was able to win seats due to its joint list with a minority party.
| xType=date
{{Election results
| xAxisAngle = -45
|image= [[File:Alslandic Folkssenaat layout.svg]]
| yAxisMin = 0
|party1=[[Left Alliance (Alsland)|Left Alliance]]|votes1=1537577|seats1=42|sc1=+15|color1=#F00000
| legend=
|party2=[[Liveable Alsland]]|votes2=1241865|seats2=41|sc2=+17|color2=#8AC727
| type=line
|party3=[[Together for Alsland]]|votes3=972091|seats3=32|sc3=New|color3=#1108D7
| colors=#0F7560,#3DC5FF,#D5305F,#F0928F,#FCBC00,#FF6B6B,#F6E324,#F29837,#0BD02C,#D0793D,#3C50C0,#3CBF18,#5241D4,#872E5C,#3ECC95,#9B372A,#E4D323,#8C001C,#0000FF,#0092D2,#2C6731,#000000,#2f2a95,#fffa18,#cc66cc,#eb3333
|party4=[[Orange Party]]|votes4=859902|seats4=31|sc4=New|color4=#FF8400
| x=2022/01/01, 2022/01/10, 2022/01/20, 2022/01/30, 2022/02/10, 2022/02/20, 2022/03/01, 2022/03/10, 2022/03/20, 2022/03/30, 2022/04/10, 2022/04/20, 2022/04/30, 2022/05/10, 2022/05/20, 2022/05/30, 2022/06/10, 2022/06/20, 2022/06/30, 2022/07/10, 2022/07/20, 2022/07/30, 2022/08/10, 2022/08/20, 2022/08/30,
|party5=[[Humanist Sotirian Union]]|votes5=461727|seats5=15|sc5=-16|color5=#D0793D
| y1Title=LD
|party6=[[National Bloc (Alsland)|National Bloc]]|votes6=445515|seats6=13|sc6=-38|color6=#099AE6
| y1=14, 13, 14, 14, 14, 13, 14, 14, 15, 16
|party7=[[Progressive Alliance (Alsland)|Progressive Alliance]]|votes7=365750|seats7=10|sc7=-23|color7=#EE222B
| y2Title=CI
|party8=[[Kirenian People's Party]]|votes8=317113|seats8=10|sc8=-1|color8=#872E5C
| y2=10, 11, 9, 10, 10, 9, 9, 9, 11, 10,
|party9=[[Eenpalu Network]]|votes9=236183|seats9=0|sc9=0|color9=#30c3c7
| y3Title=FH
|party10=[[Green - Alternative Choice]]|votes10=188712|seats10=4|sc10=-2|color10=#0BD02C
| y3=13, 13, 13, 12, 11, 12, 13, 10, 12, 11
|party11=Minority Lists|votes11=39558|seats11=3|sc11=0|color11=#D5D5D5
| y4Title=SDS
|party12=Other|votes13=48637|seats13=0|sc13=0|color13=#9E9E9E
| y4=11, 11, 11, 11, 10, 9, 10, 9, 12, 11,
|invalid=96382
| y5Title=USD
|total_sc=0
| y5=9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 8, 9,
|electorate=8994359
| y6Title=SDD
|}}
| y6=09, 09, 09, 09, 10, 07, 06, 6, 7, 7,
| y7Title=SFP
| y7=12, 11, 9, 8, 11, 10, 10, 9, 9, 8,
    | y8Title=OP
| y8=11, 12, 10, 9, 11, 12, 11, 10, 13, 14,
    | y9Title=G-AK
| y9=30, 30, 32, 31, 33, 33, 34, 36, 37, 35,
    | y10Title=HSU
| y10=5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7, 8, 9,
    | y11Title=PFD
| y11=8, 8, 7, 8, 9, 9, 8, 8, 10, 12,
    | y12Title=AP - LL
| y12=9, 10, 9, 8, 11, 6, 09, 10, 9, 12,
    | y13Title=PO
| y13=12, 14, 8, 7, 6, 9, 11, 11, 7, 5,
| y14Title=KRP
| y14=11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 12,
| y15Title=PAP
| y15=8, 11, 9, 7, 4, 6, 5, 9, 6, 9,
| y16Title=ASAY
| y16=3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 2, 5, 2, 4,
    | y17Title=TD
| y17=5, 5, 6, 7, 6, 5, 5, 3, 5, 3,
    | y18Title=OVP
| y18=3, 4, 4, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6
    | y19Title=VOX
| y19=1, 1, 1, 2,  2, 2, 3, 6, 4, 7,
    | y20Title=MDP
| y20=12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 7,
    | y21Title=SNL
| y21=1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1,
    | y22Title=EA
| y22=01, 01, 01, 01, 0, 01, 01, 2, 2, 1,
    | y23Title=UAK
| y23=4, 5, 5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4,
    | y24Title=MSD
| y24=05, 03, 02, 03, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3,
    | y25Title=Future.as
| y25=01, 03, 02, 01, 0, 04, 04, 2, 2, 1,
    | y26Title=Radikaal
| y26=0, 0, 01, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2,
    | interpolate=basis
| showSymbols = true
| yGrid = true
| linewidth = 1.8
}}


==Aftermath==
===Government formation===
===Reforms===
== See also ==
* [[2022 national electoral calendar (Kylaris)|2022 national electoral calendar]]
=Notes=
=Notes=
{{notelist}}
{{notelist}}
[[Category:Alsland]]
[[Category:Politics of Alsland]]

Latest revision as of 19:49, 22 May 2023

2022 Alslandic legislative election
← 2018 5 September 2022 2024 →
All 201 seats in the Folkssenaat
101 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
Registered8,994,359
Turnout75.73% (Decrease1.98 pp)
  First party Second party Third party
 
Urmas Reinsalu 2017-05-25 (cropped).jpg
Dutch PM Mark Rutte 2022.jpg
RE Kaja Kallas (cropped).jpg
Leader Olari Lippmaa Liekele Ykema Kairi Sokk
Party Left Alliance Liveable Alsland Radical Movement
Last election 18.66%, 27 seats 18.66%, 24 seats –
Seats won 42 41 32
Seat change Increase15 Increase17 New
Popular vote 1,537,577 1,241,865 972,091
Percentage 22.90% 18.49% 14.48%
Swing Increase8.70pp Increase6.19pp New
  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Tom van Grieken (cropped).jpg
Hilde Crevits (2017) (cropped).jpg
Lindholz Portrait.jpg
Leader Elsert Wassenaar Hilda Schaaf Ermnbryht Vrihte
Party Orange Party Humanist Sotirian Union Bloc/MDP
Last election – 18.66%, 32 seats 18.66%, 51 seats
Seats won 31 15 13
Seat change New Decrease17 Decrease38
Popular vote 859,902 461,727 445,515
Percentage 12.81% 6.88% 6.63%
Swing New Decrease10.72pp Decrease19.07pp
  Seventh party Eighth party Ninth party
 
Sophie Wilmès crop.jpg
Jevgeni Ossinovski 2017-05-25 (cropped).jpg
Jesse Klaver 2020 (6) (cropped).jpg
Leader Ottila Möller Alari Keskkula Sjearp Groeneveld
Party Progressive Alliance Martish People's Party Greens
Last election 18.66%, 35 seats 18.66%, 11 seats 18.66%, 10 seats
Seats won 10 10 4
Seat change Decrease25 Decrease1 Decrease6
Popular vote 365,750 317,113 188,712
Percentage 5.45% 4.72% 2.81%
Swing Decrease13.05pp Decrease1.98pp Decrease1.99pp
2022 Alslandic election map.png
The distribution of seats between each constituency.
Government before election

Möller cabinet
NB-PA-HSU-G-AK

Government after election

TBD

Legislative elections were held in Alsland on 5 September 2022 to all 201 members of the Folkssenaat. The incumbent government was defeated in a historic landslide and lost 79 seats in the Senate, the victors of the election were the centrist and localist Liveable Alsland (LA), the populist Together for Alsland (TFA) and the nationalist Orange Party (ORP) who all announced coalition talks with each other shortly after the election.

The election took place in the immediate aftermath of the SYFA spying scandal which was blamed for the sitting government's defeat and the rise of anti-establishment parties. Initial media reactions noted the growth in support for the right-wing Orange Party and the increased fracturing of the centre-left into 3 separate and opposing parties. The previously dominant National Bloc suffered its worst defeat in history, losing 38 seats and was left with only 15 seats in the Senate, analysts claimed this was due to the ongoing trend of Percederation amongst the Euclean centre-right. The election also saw the socialist alliance of the Left Alliance suffer its second worst result in its history although it improved its result from 2018 by gaining 15 seats. Liveable Alsland were able to recover from their loss in 2018 and emerged as the largest single party for the first time although their candidate for Premier Liekele Ykema had announced he would not stand for the position at the election whilst serving as a member of the Euclean Parliament. The party instead opted for an informal agreement with Radical Movement which would see new legislative elections held alongside Presidential and Euclean elections in 2024.

The Humanist Sotirian Union (HSU) lost 16 seats and signalled its intention to lead a constructive opposition to any future government whilst the party underwent a recovery process. The Green - Alternative Choice (GAK) fell under the 4% threshold but was able to win seats after it formed a joint list with the minority Estmerish Alliance party which won a seat as a minority list, thus qualifying GAK for representation in the Folkssenaat. The threshold requirements triggered controversy after the anti-corruption Eenpalu Network fell below the threshold and failed to win seats but won more votes than the Greens who did win seats, as a result of this the electoral commission proposed abolishing the threshold or closing loopholes in the threshold law which allow parties who fall below the threshold to win seats.

After the election, the Radical Movement ruled out cooperation with any party that had been in the incumbent government and helped initiate coalition talks between Liveable Alsland and the Orange Party, the leaders of the other parties in this proposal met on 6 September to discuss whether this coalition was feasible. Another coalition between Liveable Alsland, Together and ASAY was also proposed and the leadership of Liveable Alsland sent the party a questionnaire to discuss shared policies and whether a common agenda could be worked out. The start of the Alslandic government-debt crisis derailed coalition talks and a hurried agreement between Liveable Alsland, Radical Movement, Orange, HSU and the Alliance was formed to deal with the crisis until new elections in 2024.

Background

The 2018 legislative election had resulted in the end of the Premiership of Liekele Ykema who had been Premier for 8 years prior to the election. The National Bloc, Humanist Sotirian Union, Progressive Alliance and Green - Alternative Choice all made gains at the expense of the previously governing Liveable Alsland and the opposition Alslandic Section of the Workers' International whilst the Kirenian People's Party kept their 11 seats. In the case of the Progressive Alliance it went from 10 seats prior to the election to 35 and became the largest party of the left in Alsland.

Following the election, President Rita Rebane asked Hepke Veltman from the National Bloc to form a coalition. The following negotiations were the longest in Alslandic history and took 4 months whilst Liekele Ykema remained as acting Premier. The negotiations involved all political parties and an agreement was reached between the National Bloc, Progressive Alliance, Humanist Sotirian Union and Green - Alternative Choice to form a coalition which would have a similar composition to the previous government of Liekele Ykema. Veltman became Premier on 27 December 2018 during a special inauguration ceremony and his government was sworn in later that day. During the negotiations Veltman was accused of tax evasion by multiple news sources, Veltman denied the allegations but was granted immunity from prosecution after being sworn in as Premier.

In 2020, Veltman announced his candidacy for the President of Alsland and Rebane announced her retirement from politics. The move was condemned by his coalition partners who argued he was abandoning a position he had been elected to, as such the Progressive Alliance, HSU and Greens all refused to back another National Bloc Premier and instead demanded Finance Minister Ottila Möller from the Progressive Alliance be sworn in as Premier if Veltman stood down, Veltman ultimately agreed to stand down during the campaign and won the Presidential election narrowly. Möller was sworn in as Premier on 25 April, the same day Veltman resigned as Premier and was sworn in as President by Rebane.

The Orange Party was founded on 16 July 2021 as a union of right-wing parties opposed to the government, the Party grew rapidly in support amongst dissatisfied National Bloc voters. On 26 January 2022, an opinion poll showed 58% of Alslanders disapproved of Möller's government which was the highest disapproval rating of her government, days later Möller called a vote of no confidence against her own government by resigning, the government won the vote of confidence and Möller was reappointed Premier. The vote of confidence caused a rift between the National Bloc and the other coalition parties after the Bloc's leader Ermnbryht Vrihte called for an early election and a new interim Premier.

After the SYFA spying scandal the government's approval rating dropped drastically, several days ahead of the election a poll conducted on behalf of Hjoed recorded only 9% of respondents saying they approved of the current government whilst 72% disapproved of the government. The Möller government resigned in the wake of the scandal.

Electoral system

All 201 Senators are members of 14 constituencies which represent each Province of Alsland. Senators are elected using the party-list proportional representation, using the Boeri method. A party or list must win 4% of the nationwide popular vote to be eligible to win seats and the seats would be divided by how many votes that list won in each constituency. Regionalist and parties representing specific communities are excluded from this rule and must only win enough votes to qualify for seats in the constituencies they are competing in, this includes parties who form alliances with minority parties. There are 3 single member constituencies which use the first past the post system to elect their candidates, Burnshire, Holsteen and Upper Swerdia are so called special constituencies and use this different voting system.

Anyone above the age of 18 and has Alslandic citizenship is automatically registered to vote in the election to be eligible to stand for the Folkssenaat a person must be at least 18 years old and have Alslandic citizenship. If a candidate has dual citizenship they are allowed to retain it since 2019, prior to this a candidate would have had to renounce their previous citizenship. Voting machines are used extensively in Alslandic elections and are the most common form of voting process, federal law requires polling stations provide paper copies to voters who request a physical copy.

Date

According to the constitution of Alsland, legislative elections must either take place on the first Monday of September 4 years after the last legislative election, or be held on the same day as a Presidential election. Days on which federal elections are held are designated as public holidays as of 2020 to encourage voter turnout. As per the 2017 elections law, this will be the last election to have a fixed date which allows for snap elections following 2022.

Political parties

See also: List of political parties in Alsland

Nine political parties were represented in the Folkssenaat upon the dissolution of the 26th Folkssenaat.

Name Ideology Position Candidate 2018 result Current
seats
Votes (%) Seats
Blok Liberal conservatism Centre-right Ermnbryht Vrihte 25.7%
51 / 201
51 / 201
PA Progressivism Centre-left Ottila Möller 18.5%
35 / 201
33 / 201
HSU Sotirian humanism Centre to centre-right Hilda Schaaf 17.6%
32 / 201
31 / 201
Links Democratic socialism Left-wing Olari Lippmaa 14.2%
27 / 201
27 / 201
LA Liberalism Centre Liekele Ykema 12.3%
24 / 201
24 / 201
KRP Regionalism Centre-left Ahto Malk 6.7%
11 / 201
11 / 201
ORP Right-wing populism Right-wing Elsert Wassenaar Did not exist
11 / 201
GAK Green politics Centre-left Sjearp Groeneveld 4.8%
10 / 201
6 / 201
TFA Green liberalism Centre to centre-right Kairi Sokk Did not exist
6 / 201

Pre-dissolution composition

26th Senate of Alsland composition (2018-2022).svg
Party Seats
National Bloc 51
Progressive Alliance 33
Humanist Sotirian Union 31
Links 27
Liveable Alsland 24
Kirenian People's Party 11
Orange Party 11
Green - Alternative Choice 6
Together for Alsland 6
Independent (Urjo Eenpalu) 1

Campaign

Debates

Alslandic legislative election debates, 2022
Date Channel Subject Venue  P  Present   S  Surrogate   NI  Not invited   A  Absent invitee  INV Invited 
31 July ANS 1 Climate change debate ANS Main Studios P P P P P NI P P S
9 August ANS 1 Accountability debate ANS Main Studios P P P P P P P P P
16 August ANS 1 Federal debate ANS Main Studios P P P P P P P P P
20 August ANS 1 Federal debate ANS Main Studios P P P P P P P P P
23 August MRT 1 Martish debate MRT Rahu studio P P P P P P S P P
3 September ANS 1 Federal debate ANS Main Studios P P P P P P P P P

Opinion polls on Debates

Candidate viewed as "performing best" or "most convincing" in each debate
Debate Tie None
31 July 9.8 12.5 14.1 5.8 7.8 – 4.5 6.9 9.7 4.8 24.1

Issues

There were several key campaign issues throughout the campaign. The most important issue of the campaign for voters was government accountability which was brought to the forefront by the SYFA spying scandal in mid-July which damaged the credibility of the incumbent government.

Constitutional reform also became a major campaign issue after the Alslandic Section of the Workers' International, Green - Alternative Choice, Liveable Alsland and the Progressive Alliance all agreed to hold a constitutional convention to radically reshape Alsland's government. Reasons for the constitutional convention ranged from giving the regions more of a say in politics, making Alslandic politics more proportional and to give voters a bigger say in government policy and to ensure key rights in Alsland such as LGBT rights, gender equality and other anti-discrimination policies were enshrined in the constitution.

Other major issues which became themes of the campaign were:

  • Climate change
  • Health
  • Education
  • The Euclean Community
  • Immigration
  • Security

Party campaigns

Endorsements

Opinion polls

Main article: Opinion polling for the 2022 Alslandic legislative election

The progression of voting intentions throughout the campaign period ahead of the 2022 Alslandic legislative election.

Result

Turnout at the election stood at 75% which was above the Euclean and national average for elections but down 2% from 2018 which was attributed to dissatisfaction with the choices presented. Political expert Solarian Kukk from the University of Yndyk said about the results were a shift from Alsland's traditional politics which favour stability over populist politics. He said: "Voters have selected new and inexperienced figures who now make up a large percentage of the Senate, there is a real risk that political turmoil and instability could follow in the upcoming years." Kukk also pointed out the apparent senselessness of the threshold rules when pointing out that the Eenpalu Network failed to win seats whilst the Greens, which won less votes than the Eenpalu Network, was able to win seats due to its joint list with a minority party.

Alslandic Folkssenaat layout.svg
PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Left Alliance1,537,57723.0742+15
Liveable Alsland1,241,86518.6341+17
Together for Alsland972,09114.5832New
Orange Party859,90212.9031New
Humanist Sotirian Union461,7276.9315-16
National Bloc445,5156.6813-38
Progressive Alliance365,7505.4910-23
Kirenian People's Party317,1134.7610-1
Eenpalu Network236,1833.5400
Green - Alternative Choice188,7122.834-2
Minority Lists39,5580.5930
Other––
Total6,665,993100.002010
Valid votes6,665,99398.57
Invalid/blank votes96,3821.43
Total votes6,762,375100.00
Registered voters/turnout8,994,35975.18

Aftermath

Government formation

Reforms

See also

Notes

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