Premier of Werania: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox political post
{{Infobox political post
|post            = k.k Chancellor
|post            = Premier
|body            = the [[Werania|Lands of the Weranic Crown]]
|body            = the [[Werania|Weranian Confederation]]<br><small>Bundesministerpräsident der Ostischen Bund</small>
|insignia        =  
|insignia        = Werania Chancellor symbol.png
|insigniasize    =  
|insigniasize    = 250px
|insigniacaption =  
|insigniacaption =  
|department      =  
|department      =  
|reports_to      =  
|reports_to      =  
|image          = 2017-01-20 Horst Seehofer CSU 6527.JPG
|image          = Emmanuel Macron visit to the Quirinale 20211125 (8) (cropped).jpg
|imagesize      = 150px
|imagesize      = 150px
|incumbent      = [[Otto von Hößlin]]
|incumbent      = [[Anton Raicevich]]
|incumbentsince  = 28<sup>th</sup> June 2019
|incumbentsince  = 1<sup>st</sup> July 2022
|style           =The Honourable
|style           = Excellency
|residence      = Mathjie Palace, [[Westbrücken]], [[Werania]]
|residence      = Palais Beinhoff, [[Westbrücken]], [[Werania]]
|nominator      = [[Volkstag of Werania|Volkstag]]
|nominator      = [[House of Deputies (Werania)|House of Deputies]]
|nominatorpost  =  
|nominatorpost  =  
|appointer      = [[Monarch of Werania]]
|appointer      = [[Bundespräsidium (Werania)|Holder of the Federal Presidency]]
|appointerpost  =  
|appointerpost  =  
|termlength      = 4 years or earlier, renewable.<br><small>The Volkstag must be dissolved every 4 years or earlier by the Chancellor. The person who commands the confidence of a majority of members of the Volkstag will become the Chancellor.</small>
|termlength      = No fixed term.<br><small>Remains in office whilst commanding the confidence of the [[Bundestag of Werania|Bundestag]].</small>
|inaugural      = [[Ulrich von Bayrhoffer]]
|inaugural      = [[Ulrich von Bayrhoffer]]
|formation      = 17<sup>th</sup> March 1842
|formation      = 17<sup>th</sup> March 1842
Line 23: Line 23:
|abolished      =  
|abolished      =  
|succession      =  
|succession      =  
|deputy          =  
|deputy          = [[Vice-Premier of Werania|Vice-Premier]]
|salary          = €125,000
|salary          = €200,000
|allegiance      =  
|allegiance      =  
|commands        =  
|commands        =  
|website        =  
|website        =  
}}
}}
The '''{{wp|Imperial-Royal|k.k}} Chancellor of the Lands of the Weranic Crown''' ({{wp|German language|Weranian}}: '''k.k Reichskanzler der Länder der Ostisch Krone''') has been the {{wp|head of government}} of the [[Werania|Lands of the Weranic Crown]] since the unification of Werania under the efforts of King Sigismund and Cislanian Minister-President [[Ulrich von Bayrhoffer]], who became the inaugural Chancellor. The Chancellor officially chairs the [[Cabinet of Werania]], and since the 1940's has evolved from a first-amongst-equals to a more presidential office with the ultimate authority over executive affairs. The Chancellor is officially appointed by the monarch, who must appoint a candidate nominated by the Volkstag. The Volkstag must pass a vote of no confidence to remove a Chancellor.
{{Template:Politics of Werania}}
The '''Federal Premier of the Weranian Confederation''' ({{wp|German language|Weranian}}: '''Bundesministerpräsident der Ostischen Bund''') has been the {{wp|head of government}} of the [[Werania]] since the unification of the confederation under the efforts of King Rudolf VI and Cislanian Minister-President [[Ulrich von Bayrhoffer]], who became the inaugural premier. The premier officially chairs the [[Government of Werania]], and since the 1940's has evolved from a first-amongst-equals to a more presidential office with the ultimate authority over executive affairs. The premier is officially appointed by the monarch, who must appoint a candidate nominated by the Volkstag. The Volkstag must pass a vote of no confidence to remove a premier.


There has been 44 individuals who have been Prime Minister with 3 people holding the position on non-consecutive occasions. The longest serving Chancellor was its inaugural one Ulrich von Bayrhoffer (1842-1859) who served for 17 years, 1 month and 7 days whilst the shortest serving Chancellor was [[Alois Hochwälder]] (1937-1938) who served for 10 months and 4 days. The current Chancellor is [[Otto von Hößlin]] who has served in the post since June 2019.  
There has been 44 individuals who have been premier, with six serving non-consecutive terms. The current premier is [[Anton Raicevich]] who has served in the post since July 2022.
==History==
==History==
The position of Federal premier was created at the declaration of the Weranian Confederation in 1842. The structure of the Weranian government was based on the main state that drove unification, [[Cislania]], which had introduced a parliamentary form of government in 1821 with an elected [[Landtag of Cislania|Landtag]] and its own {{wp|head of government}}, the [[Minister-President of Cislania|Minister-President]] (''Ministerpräsident''). The Cislanian Minister-President of the time of unification, [[Ulrich von Bayrhoffer]], would serve as both the first federal premier and Minister-President of Cislania during his term.
The procedure for the appointment of the premier and his powers was the same as the Cislanian Minister-President. The premier was responsible only to the federal presidium (''Bundespräsidium'') whose holder was the Cislanian king, [[Rudolf VI of Werania|Rudolf VI]] and had to be a member of the legislature although a parliamentary majority was not needed. The [[Government of Werania|cabinet]] was officially presided over by the holder of the ''Bundespräsidium'' with the premier being merely the most senior Cabinet minister. Following Rudolf VI's death and his replacement with his young son [[Adalbert of Werania|Adalbert]] the premier became the ''de facto'' position of power as von Bayrhoffer was considered more experienced and influential then the new monarch. Von Bayrhoffer would be the longest serving premier serving for 11 years, 8 months and 4 days over two terms from 1842-1849 and 1852-1856.
Following the [[War of the Triple Alliance]] and the second dismissal of von Bayrhoffer the premiership decline in importance. The succeeding premiers usually served short terms and were responsible entirely to Adalbert who became the main executive force in the country chairing cabinet meetings; premiers tended to preside over parliamentary majorities although remained subordinate to the monarchy. There were exceptions to this trend - most notable was premier [[Konrad von Höhnel]] (1892-1900) who exercised stronger executive control over his government then any premier since Bayrhoffers dismissal.
The death of Adalbert in 1913 and the ascension of his son [[Leopold IV of Werania|Leopold IV]] saw a shift in the power of the premier and the Bundestag in general. Leopold IV was less interventionist then his father and was more willing to allow the parliamentary majority to direct executive actions. Voting reforms in 1906 had also significantly expanded the suffrage and resulted in more {{wp|coalition government}}s; this made the position of ''{{Wp|formateur|regierungsbildner}}'' far more vital for the coordination of the government. The 1915 election saw the first non-aristocratic premier, Sotirian democrat [[Erich Schätzle]] and in 1918 the first left-wing premier [[Albrecht Küchenthal]] appointed. As a result the holder of the ''Bundespräsidium'' presided over cabinet increasingly less with the premier chairing cabinet as a {{wp|first-among-equals}} with the legislature taking precedence over the executive due to the frequency of coalition governments. The proliferation of new political parties and extremist currents emerging as a result of the [[Great Collapse]] saw Weranian politics become sharply polarised; as a result the role of the premier in mediating between political parties in government grew making it more a chairman of a collegial government then a powerful executive. All decisions in cabinet were decided by a majority vote.
During the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]] the premier was considered to be less influential then the holder of the ''Bundespräsidium'' and the Chief of Staff of the ''[[Reichswehr]]''. Although the political parties in the Bundestag agreed to support the government (the {{wp|burgfriedenspolitik|landsmann union}}) war policy was handled by the War Council that was chaired by Leopold IV, making the premier less powerful as the executive. Four premiers served during the Great War - only the last of them, [[Otto Röttgen]], was considered to be particularly influential due to him also serving as Foreign Minister and playing a large role in determining plans for post-war [[Euclea]].
Following the Great War the premier continued to be a weak figure as was the case prior to the war. Under [[Dietrich Nischwitz]] (1942-1944) and his successor Dr [[Franz Rössler]] (1944-1950) there was an attempt to increase the power of the premier although this was largely unsuccessful. The trend towards a weaker premier was confirmed after the [[Kirenian-Weranian War]] with the appointment of [[Viktor Beer-Hofmann]] as premier who would be the last premier to not come from the largest party in government. In 1953 a new law stipulated that the premier could not be a serving member of the military.
Despite the trend of coalition governments ending with the two decade single-party rule of the [[National Consolidation Party]] (NKP) from 1955 to 1983 the premier continued to serve as a chairman of the government with the premier changing frequently. This was because the NKP's leader who always sat as premier was limited to two three year terms and often only served one of these. The most influential premier of the period, [[Johannes Zollitsch]] (1972-1978) would see the political process become more focused around the premier with elections often becoming increasingly focused around the personality of leaders; however the institutional role of the premier remained more limited. The election of the [[Social Democratic Radical Party of Werania|SRPO]]-[[Weranic Section of the Workers' International|OSAI]] government of [[Ludolf Ostermann]] saw the return to coalition governments. Like Zollitsch whilst Ostermann was considered to be more powerful then previous premiers thanks to his use of the media, personal appeal to the public and strong party support the premier's constitutional role remained lacking; decisions still were taken by the Cabinet rather then the premier.
Ostermann's successor as premier, [[Wolfgang Löscher]] (1991-1998), embarked on a institutional expansion of the powers of the premier. A separate Chancellery Office was created in 1992 in order to better support the premier whilst the old law requiring the Cabinet to vote on executive decisions was abolished with only major defence, foreign policy and financial issues requiring a compulsory cabinet vote allowing the premier much stronger free reign in determining policy. A final expansion of premier powers was to require every law to be co-signed by the premier in order to pass - previously this was done solely by the holder of the ''Bundespräsidium''. This made the premier both the ''{{wp|de facto}}'' and ''{{wp|de jure}}'' co-chief executive alongside the holder of the ''Bundespräsidium''.
The expansion of premier's powers under Löscher has been maintained by subsequent administrations who have generally ensured that a large amount of government decisions remain centralised in the premier's hands at the expense of the legislature. As a result Werania is now considered to be a "chancellor democracy" (''Kanzlerdemokratie'') with the premier being considered to be more of a presidential figure then in times past. The first female premier was [[Rasa Šimonytė]] whose 1999-2009 term of 10 years, 1 month and 24 days is the longest term of any Weranian premier.
==Powers and duties==
==Powers and duties==
[[File:8642 3 4ri-Bay-Staatskanzlei-Kabinettssaal.jpg|thumb|The meeting room of the [[Government of Werania|cabinet]].|250px]]
The premier is recognised by the constitution as the head of the [[Government of Werania|executive government]] of Werania, supervising the operation of the cabinet. The premier's executive functions include chairing cabinet meetings and appointing members of the cabinet having the power to also dismiss them. The premier's legislative roles include presenting bills to the Bundestag, advising the head of state to dissolve the Volkstag and cosigning legislation in order to allow it to pass alongside the Federal Presidency.
The premier is considered to be the ''de facto'' chief executive which is partially reflected ''de jure''. As the premier has to co-sign legislation in order for it to pass they have equal executive power to the Federal Presidency, who since 1992 can only take executive action from the advice of ministers. However the Federal Presidency still is the {{wp|commander-in-chief}}.
==Qualifications==
The qualifications for the premier are laid out in the constitution;
*Must be a deputy in either the Bundestag (this in of itself requires Werania nationality, permanent residence in Werania for over 20 years, be over the age of 21).
*Be of good moral conduct (i.e have no record of a {{Wp|felony}} or not currently under investigation).
*Since a 1953 constitutional amendment premiers must not be currently serving in the military (although former members of the military may serve as premier).
==Selection process==
==Selection process==
The Chancellor is nominated by the [[Volkstag of Werania|Volkstag]] with a simple-majority ballot being conducted whenever there is a vacancy. Once the Chancellor's candidacy is approved by a majority of MP's the monarch then formally approves of the candidacy - if the monarch rejects the nomination from parliament the monarch and parliament are given a week to come to a consensus - ultimately however if no consensus is reached the Volkstag's nomination automatically becomes Chancellor.
Following the resignation or removal of a cabinet the monarch of Werania assigns a ''{{wp|formateur|regierungsbildner}}'' who is considered to be the most likely candidate to lead a new cabinet. The ''regierungsbildner'' is then nominated by the [[Volkstag]] to lead a cabinet with a simple-majority ballot being conducted to see if they and their cabinet can command the confidence of the Volkstag. The premier must sit in either of the two houses of the [[Bundestag of Werania|Bundestag]] in order to be nominated - however since the assassination of premier [[Dietrich Nischwitz]] in 1944 all premiers have emerged from the Volkstag rather then the [[Herrstag]]. Since the 1950's the ''regierungsbildner'' and thus the premier has always come from the majority party in the Volkstag or the senior party in the governing coalition.  


The Chancellor can only be removed through an impeachment, presenting their resignation to the monarch or losing a {{Wp|vote of no confidence}} in the Volkstag. In the role of an immediate vacancy of the Chancellor the monarch may appoint a sitting MP to chair a {{wp|caretaker cabinet}} until parliament nominates a candidate for Chancellor.  
Once the premier's candidacy is approved by a majority of Volkstag deputies it is referred to the Herrstag who also by a simple majority must approve of the premier. After that it is presented to the monarch to formally approves of the candidacy. If either the Herrstag or monarch rejects the nomination from the Volkstag the rejecting party and Volkstag are given a month to come to a consensus - ultimately however if no consensus is reached the Volkstag's nomination automatically becomes premier. This occurred in 1918 when the monarch [[Leopold IV of Werania|Leopold IV]] refused to approve of [[Albrecht Küchenthal]] as premier; after a month of deadlock outgoing premier [[Erich Schätzle]] convinced Leopold to accept the Volkstag's choice of premier without approving it himself. This occurred again in 1998 when the Herrstag rejected [[Heinrich Schuberth]] as premier but the Volkstag prevailed.
==Compensation==
==List==
'''Political Parties:'''
;''Conservative and Sotirian Democratic''
{{legend2|#034EA2|[[Conservative Party (Werania)|KP]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|#004F50|[[Catholic Social Party (Werania)|KSP]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|#800020|[[Weranic Reich Party|ORP]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|#FF6A00|[[National Consolidation Party|NKP]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}


;''Liberal and Radical'':
The premier can only be removed through presenting the resignation of their cabinet to the monarch or losing a {{Wp|vote of no confidence}} in the Volkstag. The premier cannot be individually removed; votes of confidence are applied to the entire cabinet and must be taken against them. In the role of an immediate vacancy of the premier the vice-chancellor automatically takes the role in a {{wp|caretaker cabinet}}; however in the vice-chancellery is also vacant the monarch may appoint a sitting Volkstag member to serve as a caretaker until the Volkstag nominates a candidate for premier. This has only occurred once in 1950 after the entire cabinet of premier [[Franz Rössler]] resigned; the monarch as a result appointed [[Johannes von Günther]] to serve in a caretaker capacity with von Günther's cabinet lasting a mere two months. Usually if a premier resigns or is removed from office they and their cabinet continue to serve in a caretaker role until a new cabinet is sworn in.
{{legend2|#000000|[[Pan-Weranic Party|AOP]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|#FAA61A|[[National Liberal Party (Werania)|NLP]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|#A871A8|[[Radical Party (Werania)|RP]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}


;''Social Democratic and Socialist''
==Amenities==
{{legend2|#F0001C|[[Weranic Section of the Workers' International|OSAI]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
===Residence===
{{legend2|#FF4040|[[Social Democratic Party of Werania|SPO]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
<gallery class="center">
{{legend2|#CC0000|[[Social Democratic Radical Party of Werania|SRPO]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
File:Staatskanzlei, München.jpg|The Palais Beinhoff in [[Westbrücken]], the official residence of the premier.
File:2012-04-08 Bonn Palais Schaumburg Rückansicht.jpeg|The Mariendam Schloss in [[Cislania]], the country residence of the premier.
File:Muearcisstr12d13052016c90.jpg|The Adalberthaus in [[Westbrücken]], the ''de facto'' residence from 1930-1972.
</gallery>
The premier is entitled to two official residences; the Palais Beinhoff in [[Westbrücken]] and the Mariendam {{wp|Schloss}} in [[Cislania]]. The Palais Beinhoff serves as the residency of the premier as well as the meeting place of the Federal Cabinet and other senior government functions. The Palais Beinhoff as such is considered to be the heart of the Weranian government with the term "Beinhoff" often being a shorthand for the Weranian government.


{| class="wikitable"  style="width:100%; text-align:center;"
The Beinhoff was partially destroyed during the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]] leading to government operations to be partially moved to the Adalberthaus, a more modern construction completed prior to the Great War. The Adalberthaus served as the ''de facto'' cabinet meeting place and residence of the premier from 1930 onwards although legally the premier's official residence was still the Beinhoff. Starting in 1967 the Weranian government began renovating the Beinhoff completing the process in 1972. Since then the Adalberthaus has mainly been used for lesser governmental work and no longer serves as a residence.
|-
! {{Abbr|No.|Number}}
! width=5%| Portrait
! width=10%| Name
! Took office
! Left office
! Days
! Election
! Political Party
|-
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#000000; color:white;" rowspan="2"|1
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Hw-metternich.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{Wp|Prince}}<br>[[Ulrich von Bayrhoffer]]<br/><small>(1786-1867)
|17<sup>th</sup> March 1842
|24<sup>th</sup> February 1856
|{{Age in years, months and days|1842|03|17|1856|02|24}}
| [[1842 Weranian general election|1842]], [[1848 Weranian general election|1848]], [[1852 Weranian general election|1852]]
| style="background:#000000; color:white;"|[[Pan-Weranic Party|{{color|white|AOP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Considered to be one of the key figures behind the unification of Werania, von Bayrhoffer dominated the early politics of the new state mentoring Emperor Sigismund. In internal affairs he promoted conservative reforms, extending the suffrage in 1846 but strengthening the power of the monarchy. In international affairs he aligned with the {{Wp|Pan-Germanism|pan-Weranicists}} pursuing an aggressive policy in annexing smaller Weranic state and achieving a victory over [[Estmere]]. In 1852 he led Werania into the [[War of the Triple Alliance]] in an attempt to unify [[Vredlandia]] into Werania; Werania's failure in the war to meet its strategic objectives resulted in von Bayrhoffer to be ousted in 1856 following the Treaty of Torrazza.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#000000;" height=40|
|rowspan="4"|[[File:Kolowrat.jpg|80px]]
| rowspan="4"|{{wp|Count}}<br>[[Ferdinand Karl von Schillingsfürst]]<br/><small>(1805-1863)
| rowspan="2"|24<sup>th</sup> February 1856
| rowspan="2"|7<sup>th</sup> October 1859
| rowspan="2"|{{Age in years, months and days|1856|02|24|1859|10|07}}
| rowspan="2"| [[1857 Weranian general election|1857]]
| rowspan="2" style="background:#000000; color:white;"|[[Pan-Weranic Party|{{color|white|AOP}}]]<br>↓<br>[[National Liberal Party (Werania)|{{color|white|NLP}}]]
|-
! rowspan="2"|2
|-
| rowspan="2" colspan="5"|{{small|Appointed following von Bayrhoffer's ousting, von Schillingsfürst commanded little authority with Emperor Sigismund taking an increasing role in state governance. His term oversaw the collapse of the pan-Weranic party and the development of the {{wp|two-party system}} between the National Liberals and the Conservatives. Von Schillingsfürst resigned in 1859 following the failure of his budget to pass through the Reichstag.}}
|-
! style="background:#FAA61A; color:white;" height=40|
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FAA61A; color:white;" rowspan="2"|3
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Schwarzenberg Felix 1800 1852 PMAustria litho1840.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{wp|Prince}}<br>[[Franz Joseph of Wittislich]]<br/><small>(1810-1874)
|7<sup>th</sup> October 1859
|14<sup>th</sup> March 1867
|{{Age in years, months and days|1859|10|07|1867|03|14}}
| [[1860 Weranian general election|1860]], [[1865 Weranian general election|1865]]
| style="background:#FAA61A; color:white;"|[[National Liberal Party (Werania)|{{color|white|NLP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Prince Franz Joseph significantly expanded the franchise and liberalised tariffs on various agricultural goods. In foreign policy he attempted to deepen an alliance between Werania and [[Etruria]] alongside being a staunch advocate for Weranic imperialism abroad. He was dismissed in 1867 by the Kaiser over differences regarding foreign affairs.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FAA61A; color:white;" rowspan="2"|4
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Buol-Schauenstein Litho.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{wp|Duke}}<br>[[Friedrich von Stürmer]]<br/><small>(1826-1883)
|14<sup>th</sup> March 1867
|26<sup>th</sup> June 1870
|{{Age in years, months and days|1868|03|14|1870|06|26}}
| -
| style="background:#FAA61A; color:white;"|[[National Liberal Party (Werania)|{{color|white|NLP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>A liberal reformer von Stürmer relied on moderate conservatives and liberals to support his policies whilst in government including deregulating the economy and legalising trade unions. His cabinet fell in 1870 when a proposal to extend the vote to the "respectable working class" led to heated opposition within the Reichstag.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#034EA2; color:white;" rowspan="2"|5
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Carl von In Der Maur.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{wp|Viscount}}<br>[[Johann Franz von Gieslingen]]<br/><small>(1819-1882)
|26<sup>th</sup> June 1870
|18<sup>th</sup> May 1872
|{{Age in years, months and days|1870|06|26|1872|05|18}}
| [[1870 Weranian general election|1870]]
| style="background:#034EA2; color:white;"|[[Conservative Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Von Gieslingen increased tariffs during his term and sought to come to better relations with the church regarding funding for schools. His cabinet was dismissed in 1872 over differences with the Kaiser.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FAA61A; color:white;" rowspan="2"|6
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Friedrich Ferdinand Beust (cropped).jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{Wp|Earl}}<br>[[Franz Gustav von Reichenstein]]<br/><small>(1816-1883)
|18<sup>th</sup> May 1872
|24<sup>th</sup> August 1876
|{{Age in years, months and days|1872|05|18|1876|08|24}}
| [[1872 Weranian general election|1872]]
| style="background:#FAA61A; color:white;"|[[National Liberal Party (Werania)|{{color|white|NLP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Winning the 1872 election von Reichenstein expanded the voting franchise with drop parliamentary support as well as the approval of the imperial house. He also significantly increased Weranic interventionism abroad being seen as a "{{wp|liberal interventionist}}". His failure to address Ruttish nationalism and his proposal to extend home rule to Ruttland lost him the support of the kaiser and resulted in his resignation.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#034EA2; color:white;" rowspan="2"|7
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Alfred Potocki.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{Wp|Count}}<br>[[Joachim Schwarzenberg]]<br/><small>(1820-1889)
|24<sup>th</sup> August 1876
|16<sup>th</sup> April 1878
|{{Age in years, months and days|1875|08|24|1878|04|16}}
| [[1876 Weranian general election|1876]]
| style="background:#034EA2; color:white;"|[[Conservative Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Considered a "creature of the Kaiser" Schwersenberg lost popularity and authority quickly in his term becoming dependent on the imperial house. He voluntarily resigned on the advice of his cabinet in 1878.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#034EA2; color:white;" rowspan="2"|8
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst.png|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{Wp|Duke}}<br>[[Xaver von Aehrenthal]]<br/><small>(1815-1888)
|16<sup>th</sup> April 1878
|5<sup>th</sup> June 1880
|{{Age in years, months and days|1878|04|16|1880|06|05}}
| -
| style="background:#034EA2; color:white;"|[[Conservative Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Von Aehrenthal's government was considered to be that of "{{Wp|one-nation conservatism|moderate conservatism}}" implementing various welfare policies and factory regulation to increase the support of the KP amongst the working class. However the KP was unable to win the 1880 election following the Jutenberg scandal.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FAA61A; color:white;" rowspan="2"|9
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Kazimierz Badeni.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{Wp|Count}}<br>[[Ludwig von Middendorff]]<br/><small>(1837-1892)
|5<sup>th</sup> June 1880
|17<sup>th</sup> September 1883
|{{Age in years, months and days|1880|06|05|1883|09|17}}
| [[1880 Weranian general election|1880]]
| style="background:#FAA61A; color:white;"|[[National Liberal Party (Werania)|{{color|white|NLP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Descended from Weranic-Ruttish nobility von Middendorff spent the majority of his office concerned with the "Ruttish question" and relations with [[Marolevia]]. In both fields he was reckoned to be unsuccessful and as such resigned in 1883.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#034EA2; color:white;" rowspan="2"|(8)
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst.png|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{Wp|Duke}}<br>[[Xaver von Aehrenthal]]<br/><small>(1815-1888)
|17<sup>th</sup> September 1883
|26<sup>th</sup> March 1888
|{{Age in years, months and days|1883|09|17|1887|03|26}}
| [[1883 Weranian general election|1883]]
| style="background:#034EA2; color:white;"|[[Conservative Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Returning to office in 1883, von Aehrenthal attempted to implement sound fiscal policies and expand Weranic colonial interests abroad, being considered close to the colonial lobby. These attempts led to colonial border conflicts with Estmere and Gaullica that were unresolved in his term. He died in office in 1888.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#034EA2; color:white;" rowspan="2"|10
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Georg von Hertling (cropped).jpeg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{Wp|Baron}}<br>[[Bartholomäus von Littrow]]<br/><small>(1841-1906)
|26<sup>th</sup> March 1887
|14<sup>th</sup> November 1890
|{{Age in years, months and days|1887|03|26|1890|11|14}}
| [[1887 Weranian general election|1887]]
| style="background:#034EA2; color:white;"|[[Conservative Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Calling and winning a snap election in 1887 von Littrow enjoyed support from both the Kaiser and the Reichstag. Under von Littrow industrialisation programmes were expanded as were colonial incentives. A reform of the banking system under von Littrow led to Werania to help develop one of the largest banking sectors in the world after [[Gaullica]].</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#034EA2; color:white;" rowspan="2"|11
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Alois Lexa von Aehrenthal.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{Wp|Viscount}}<br>[[Adolf Ritter von Kral]]<br/><small>(1842-1914)
|14<sup>th</sup> November 1890
|20<sup>th</sup> August 1896
|{{Age in years, months and days|1890|11|14|1896|08|20}}
| [[1891 Weranian general election|1891]], [[1895 Weranian general election|1895]]
| style="background:#034EA2; color:white;"|[[Conservative Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Von Kral's government was considered to favour policies advocating for a strong national defence and imperialism abroad and reactionary conservatism domestically, making his government popular to conservative elements. His anti-leftism however led to the 1895 general strike which only ended after Interior Minister [[Konrad von Höhnel]] and the Kaiser were able to broker a compromise; Von Kral never regained authority and resigned in 1896.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#034EA2; color:white;" rowspan="2"|12
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-2004-1110-500, Leopold Graf Berchtold.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{Wp|Count}}<br>[[Konrad von Höhnel]]<br/><small>(1852-1936)
|20<sup>th</sup> August 1896
|6<sup>th</sup> November 1900
|{{Age in years, months and days|1896|08|20|1900|11|06}}
| [[1899 Weranian general election|1899]]
| style="background:#034EA2; color:white;"|[[Conservative Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Considered a moderate conservative, von Höhnel mainly focused on foreign affairs. His term as Chancellor saw Werania attempt to form an alliance with [[Gaullica]] but opposition from conservative elements and Werania's longstanding commitments with Etruria meant this policy was unsuccessful.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#034EA2; color:white;" rowspan="2"|13
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Otto von Dandl.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{Wp|Baron}}<br>[[Hans von Doblhoff-Dier]]<br/><small>(1846-1918)
|6<sup>th</sup> November 1900
|14<sup>th</sup> March 1903
|{{Age in years, months and days|1900|11|06|1902|03|14}}
| -
| style="background:#034EA2; color:white;"|[[Conservative Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>A largely reactionary figure, von Doblhoff-Dier raised tariffs considerably on food imports and attempted to further expand the empire. Opposition to higher bread tariffs led to a conservative defeat in the 1903 election.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FAA61A; color:white;" rowspan="2"|14
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-2004-0098A, Bernhard von Bülow (cropped).jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{Wp|Baron}}<br>[[Lothar von Kuehnelt]]<br/><small>(1848-1924)
|14<sup>th</sup> March 1903
|27<sup>th</sup> June 1910
|{{Age in years, months and days|1902|03|14|1910|06|27}}
| [[1903 Weranian general election|1903]], [[1907 Weranian general election|1907]]
| style="background:#FAA61A; color:white;"|[[National Liberal Party (Werania)|{{color|white|NLP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>A reformist liberal, von Kuehnelt {{wp|privatised}} the previous government's industrial holdings, promoted workers' rights and lowered tariffs considerably. He was most notable for his suffrage reform in 1906 which gave the vote to all men over the age of 25 and property-owning women over the age of 35. He also reformed the voting system to become more proportional. However the onset of the 1909 market crash and resulting {{wp|laissez-faire}} policies led von Kuehnelt's government to quickly lost popularity and the National Liberals to lose to the 1910 election.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#004F50; color:white;" rowspan="2"|15
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Wenzl Weis - Ignaz Seipel.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Erich Schätzle]]<br/><small>(1866-1927)
|27<sup>th</sup> June 1910
|14<sup>th</sup> October 1913
|{{Age in years, months and days|1910|06|27|1913|10|14}}
| [[1910 Weranian general election|1910]]
| style="background:#004F50; color:white;"|[[Catholic Social Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KSP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>The first {{wp|Christian democracy|Sotirian democrat}} and the first Chancellor of non-aristocratic descent Schätzle formed a coalition government with the Conservatives. The government promoted austerity policies to deal with the depression, which were seen to be ineffective and in some case worsen the crisis. The coalition was unstable and collapsed in 1913.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FAA61A; color:white;" rowspan="2"|16
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Carl Pietzner (1853–1927) um 1909.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Ignaz Landsberg]]<br/><small>(1874-1932)
|14<sup>th</sup> October 1913
|19<sup>th</sup> August 1915
|{{Age in years, months and days|1913|10|14|1915|08|19}}
| [[1913 Weranian general election|1913]]
| style="background:#FAA61A; color:white;"|[[National Liberal Party (Werania)|{{color|white|NLP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>An industrialist Landsberg formed a {{wp|liberalism|liberal}} government of the NLP and the [[Radical Party (Werania)|Radicals]]. His government however continued economic orthodoxy. His government was brought down after the Radicals left the coalition to support a {{wp|popular front}} with the socialist OSAI party.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#F0001C; color:white;" rowspan="2"|17
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Albrecht Küchenthal.png|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Albrecht Küchenthal]]<br/><small>(1847–1916)
|19<sup>th</sup> August 1915
|16<sup>th</sup> June 1916
|{{Age in years, months and days|1915|08|19|1916|06|16}}
| [[1915 Weranian general election|1915]]
| style="background:#F0001C; color:white;"|[[Weranic Section of the Workers' International|{{color|white|OSAI}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>The first socialist to take office, Küchenthal formed government with an alliance between OSAI and the Radicals under a "{{wp|popular front}}" strategy. His government attempted to use economic interventionism to deal with the economic crisis nationalising failing industry, creating unemployment benefits and sponsoring work programmes. Political polarisation and violence led to Küchenthal to be murdered by a right-wing activist in 1916.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#F0001C;" height=40|
|rowspan="4"|[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 102-00014A, Friedrich Ebert.jpg|80px]]
| rowspan="4"|[[Heinrich Löcherer]]<br/><small>(1868-1937)
| rowspan="2"|16<sup>th</sup> June 1916
| rowspan="2"|24<sup>th</sup> March 1919
| rowspan="2"|{{Age in years, months and days|1916|06|16|1919|03|24}}
| rowspan="2"| -
| rowspan="2" style="background:#FF4040; color:white;"|[[Weranic Section of the Workers' International|{{color|white|OSAI}}]]<br>↓<br>[[Social Democratic Party of Werania|{{color|white|SPO}}]]
|-
! rowspan="2"|18
|-
| rowspan="2" colspan="5"|{{small|Taking over after Küchenthal's assassination Löcherer's term saw an increase in political polarisation and violence. Socialist reforms in labour and industry were pursued such as the introduction of a 40-hour workweek. The leader of the pro-war faction of OSAI which became the Social Democratic Party Löcherer formed a government with the Radicals and National Liberals after declaring war on [[Swetania]]. His government repealed progressive legislation such as the 40-hour workweek to support the war effort, but was frustrated in office when he was sidelined by the Kaiser and army chief of staff.}}
|-
! style="background:#FF4040; color:white;" height=40|
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FF4040; color:white;" rowspan="2"|19
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Karl Renner 1905.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Gustav Kroetz]]<br/><small>(1868–1948)
|24<sup>th</sup> March 1919
|6<sup>th</sup> May 1921
|{{Age in years, months and days|1919|03|24|1921|05|06}}
| -
| style="background:#FF4040; color:white;"|[[Social Democratic Party of Werania|{{color|white|SPO}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Kroetz' government repealed progressive legislation such as the 40-hour workweek to support the war effort, but was like his predecessor marginalised by the general staff. He called an election at the wars conclusion in 1921 but was defeated by a conservative coalition.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#004F50; color:white;" rowspan="2"|20
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Ender (table crop).jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Gustav de Maizière]]<br/><small>(1863-1936)
|6<sup>th</sup> May 1920
|30<sup>st</sup> July 1922
|{{Age in years, months and days|1921|05|06|1922|08|19}}
| [[1921 Weranian general election|1921]]
| style="background:#004F50; color:white;"|[[Catholic Social Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KSP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Forming a right-wing coalition of the Catholics, Liberals and Conservatives de Maizière, whose family had roots in Gaullica, supported the continuation of the Treaty of Guarantees. He attempted to dismantle the economic reforms that had been pushed through by the OSAI government in response to the Great Collapse; whilst he was successful in privatising industry instead diverting government control into holdings companies he was unable to dismantle work programmes leading to his resignation.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#034EA2; color:white;" rowspan="2"|21
|rowspan="2"|[[File:GoeringEnSuDespacho1932 (cropped).jpeg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{Wp|Count}}<br>[[Waldemar von Stürgkh]]<br/><small>(1872-1933)
|30<sup>st</sup> July 1922
|24<sup>th</sup> September 1924
|{{Age in years, months and days|1922|07|30|1924|09|24}}
| -
| style="background:#034EA2; color:white;"|[[Conservative Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>A conservative governing with the Catholics and the Liberals, von Stürgkh was openly admiring of the work of the Gaullican functionalist regime and attempted to build a corpratist state in Werania whilst undertaking a foreign policy of {{Wp|appeasement}} towards Gaullica. His heavy handed approach to left and right wing agitation led von Stürgkh to be accused of dictatorial tendencies. Following the inconclusive 1924 elections he proposed to Kaiser Leopold IV to dismantle the Reichstag and suspend the constitution but was rebuffed, resigning from office when a new government was formed.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#004F50; color:white;" rowspan="2"|22
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Michael Hainisch (cropped).jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{wp|Baron}}<br>[[Reinhold von Schönborn-Herz]]<br/><small>(1859-1934)
|24<sup>th</sup> September 1924
|10<sup>th</sup> March 1927
|{{Age in years, months and days|1924|09|24|1927|03|10}}
| [[1924 Weranian general election|1924]]
| style="background:#004F50; color:white;"|[[Catholic Social Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KSP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Von Schönborn-Herz led a coalition government of his [[Catholic Social Party (Werania)|KSP]], the [[National Liberal Party (Werania)|NLP]], the [[Social Democratic Party of Werania|SPO]] and the [[Radical Party (Werania)|RRU]] as a compromise candidate to both the Reichstag and the monarchy, sitting in the [[Herrstag]] rather than the [[Volkstag]]. Von Schönborn-Herz was unable to solve Werania's recession and was accused of practicing {{wp|appeasement}} towards functionalist [[Gaullica]] albeit still defending Werania's alliances with Etruria and Estmere. During the first year of the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]] he was seen to mismanage the oversight of the war, resulting in him being forced resign after his health failed.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#004F50; color:white;" rowspan="2"|23
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Alois Hochwälder.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Alois Hochwälder]]<br/><small>(1877-1951)
|10<sup>th</sup> March 1927
|24<sup>th</sup> February 1930
|{{Age in years, months and days|1927|03|10|1930|02|24}}
| -
| style="background:#004F50; color:white;"|[[Catholic Social Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KSP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Chosen to continue the coalition of the [[Catholic Social Party (Werania)|KSP]], [[National Liberal Party (Werania)|NLP]], [[Radical Party (Werania)|RP]] and [[Social Democratic Party of Werania|SPO]] during the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]], Hochwälder was seen as clashing with the Kaiser Leopold IV and the General Staff. He was forced out of office in 1930 when the new Chief of General Staff, [[Karl von Straußenburg]], demanded the Kaiser dismiss him.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#034EA2; color:white;" rowspan="2"|24
|rowspan="2"|[[File:KonstantinVonNeurath1933.jpeg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Adalbert von Kolbenheyer]]<br/><small>(1877-1951)
|24<sup>th</sup> February 1930
|13<sup>th</sup> June 1932
|{{Age in years, months and days|1930|02|24|1932|06|13}}
| -
| style="background:#034EA2; color:white;"|[[Conservative Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Appointed by the Kaiser due to the strong support of Chief of Staff von Straußenburg von Kolbenheyer's appointment was seen as heralding a government more based on support from the military then the Reichstag. Von Kolbenheyer largely deferred to the general staff with the Reichstag being largely ambivalent to his government. Military failure in June 1932 led to von Kolbenheyer to resign after losing support from the Kaiser and the Rechstag.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FAA61A; color:white;" rowspan="2"|25
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1989-040-27, Gustav Stresemann (cropped).jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Otto Röttgen]]<br/><small>(1872-1935)
|13<sup>th</sup> June 1932
|5<sup>th</sup> September 1936
|{{Age in years, months and days|1932|06|13|1936|09|05}}
| [[Weranian general election, 1935|1935]]
| style="background:#FAA61A; color:white;"|[[National Liberal Party (Werania)|{{color|white|NLP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Creating a {{wp|national government}} of the [[Conservative Party (Werania)|KP]], [[Catholic Social Party (Werania)|KSP]], [[National Liberal Party (Werania)|NLP]], [[Radical Party (Werania)|RP]], [[Social Democratic Party of Werania|SPO]] and [[Weranic Section of the Workers' International|OSAI]] Röttgen was appointed on the advice on departing Chancellor Löcherer. Considered to be an effective war leader rallying the population behind the war effort and stabilising the war situation, Röttgen worked closely with Kaiser Leopold IV and Chief of Staffs [[Karl von Straußenburg]] and [[Rupprecht Bormann]] in coordinating Weranic forces on the field. Röttgen was the Weranic delegate at the ultimate peace conference for the war which earned him the moniker the "Chancellor of Victory". He died in office in 1935 heading a reduced coalition of the SPO, KVP and NLP, being the last liberal Chancellor.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#004F50; color:white;" rowspan="2"|26
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 102-09313, Otto Meißner.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Gottfried Baltrusch]]<br/><small>(1868–1948)
|5<sup>th</sup> September 1936
|14<sup>th</sup> January 1937
|{{Age in years, months and days|1936|09|05|1937|01|14}}
| [[1936 Weranian general election|1936]]
| style="background:#004F50; color:white;"|[[Catholic Social Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KSP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Baltrusch formed a SPO-NLP-KSP coalition where he furthered economic reconstruction policies. His government also saw destabilisation from colonial wars. Socialist strikes and opposition to the conduct of the war led to his cabinets resignation in 1940.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#034EA2; color:white;" rowspan="2"|27
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-1988-0113-500, Franz v. Papen (cropped).jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Walther von Pittermann]]<br/><small>(1868–1948)
|14<sup>th</sup> January 1937
|25<sup>th</sup> March 1939
|{{Age in years, months and days|1938|01|14|1939|03|25}}
| [[1938 Weranian general election|1938]]
| style="background:#034EA2; color:white;"|[[Conservative Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Considered to be on the right-wing of his party, von Pittermann formed a government with the KP and the NLP. With colonial conflicts becoming worse state terrorism from right-wing settler groups became common in the country. Von Pittermann resigned after failing to pass a budget in the Volkstag.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#004F50; color:white;" rowspan="2"|28
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Engelbert Dollfuss.png|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{wp|Baron}}<br>[[Hermann von Ratzinger]]<br/><small>(1882-1942)
|25<sup>th</sup> March 1939
|17<sup>th</sup> May 1942
|{{Age in years, months and days|1939|03|25|1942|05|08}}
| -
| style="background:#004F50; color:white;"|[[Catholic Social Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KSP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Von Ratzinger came to power as the head of a coalition of the KSP and the KP as the only candidate with a majority in the Volkstag. A firm supporter of colonialism he also launched a policy of "escalation" against Swetania beginning the planning stages of a later invasion of the country. He died in 1942 after being assassinated.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#800020; color:white;" rowspan="2"|29
|rowspan="2"|[[File:KurtVonScheleicherEn1932.jpeg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{Wp|General officer|General}}<br>[[Dietrich Nischwitz]]<br/><small>(1868–1948)
|17<sup>th</sup> May 1942
|13<sup>th</sup> September 1944
|{{Age in years, months and days|1942|05|08|1944|09|13}}
| [[1942 Weranian general election|1942]]
| style="background:#800020; color:white;"|[[Weranic Reich Party|{{color|white|ORP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>A member of the Herrstag Nischwitz led the "[[National Bloc (Werania)|National Bloc]]" of the KSP, KP, NLP and ORP after being recommended by the Kaiser as the only candidate with broad support. His government was mainly remembered in participating in colonial conflict and growing isolation from Werania's Euclean allies, especially after responding poorly to the outbreak of the Solarian War. He resigned in 1944.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#800020; color:white;" rowspan="2"|30
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Kurt Schuschnigg 1934 (cropped).jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|{{wp|Doctor|Dr}}<br>[[Franz Rössler]]<br/><small>(1894-1968)
|13<sup>th</sup> September 1944
|17<sup>th</sup> May 1950
|{{Age in years, months and days|1944|09|13|1950|05|17}}
| [[1946 Weranian general election|1946]]
| style="background:#800020; color:white;"|[[Weranic Reich Party|{{color|white|ORP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Continuing the composition of the previous government Rössler intensified the war in East Ardam committing more troops to the conflict. The conduct of the war under Rössler's tenure attracted international criticism and massive losses for Weranic forces, In December 1949 Rössler presided over the Weranian-Swetanian War which saw Weranian forces defeated - this led to the [[Colonels putsch]] which whilst being put down destroyed the government leading to his resignation.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#004F50; color:white;" rowspan="2"|31
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F011950-0010, Hans Ehard cropped.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Johannes von Günther]]<br/><small>(1884-1952)
|17<sup>th</sup> May 1950
|7<sup>th</sup> August 1950
|{{Age in years, months and days|1950|05|17|1950|08|07}}
| -
| style="background:#004F50; color:white;"|[[Catholic Social Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KSP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Appointed by the Kaiser, von Günther negotiated the end of the Weranian-Swetanian War. This led to the fall of his government and the defeat of the conservative coalition in the 1950 election.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FF4040; color:white;" rowspan="2"|32
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Clement Attlee portrait.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Viktor Beer-Hofmann]]<br/><small>(1887–1965)
|7<sup>th</sup> August 1950
|18<sup>th</sup> May 1955
|{{Age in years, months and days|1950|08|07|1955|05|13}}
|[[1950 Weranian general election|1950]], [[1954 Weranian general election|1954]]
| style="background:#FF4040; color:white;"|[[Social Democratic Party of Werania|{{color|white|SPO}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Invited to form government after the collapse of the right-wing coalition, Beer-Hofmann formed a grand coalition between OSAI, the SPO and the KSP. Re-orientating Werania's economic and foreign alignment to Euclean integration, Beer-Hofmann led Werania into the EC in 1955. Supporting progressive economic and social reforms, Beer-Hofmann controversially nationalised various industries including banks which alienated parts of the electorate. Despite winning re-election in 1954 in 1955 the KSP ended the grand coalition leading to a new federal election that saw OSAI lose record numbers of seats.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#004F50;" height=40|
|rowspan="4"|[[File:Ludwig Erhard 916-1330.jpg|80px]]
| rowspan="4"|[[Konstantin Vogel]]<br/><small>(1898-1980)
| rowspan="2"|18<sup>th</sup> May 1955
| rowspan="2"|16<sup>th</sup> March 1960
| rowspan="2"|{{Age in years, months and days|1955|05|13|1960|03|16}}
| rowspan="2"| [[1955 Weranian general election|1955]], [[1959 Weranian general election|1959]]
| rowspan="2" style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;"|[[Catholic Social Party (Werania)|{{color|white|KSP}}]]<br>↓<br>[[National Consolidation Party|{{color|white|NKP}}]]
|-
! rowspan="2"|33
|-
| rowspan="2" colspan="5"|{{small|A member of the KSP, Vogel oversaw in 1944 the merger of the NLP, KP and the KSP into one party in 1957. Considered the founder of the {{wp|social market economy}} Vogel oversaw a period of sustained economic growth. Vogel led the NKP to a majority government in several elections but lost popularity following budget cuts and a slowdown of economic growth, resulting in Vogel resigning in 1960 following a stroke.</small>.}}
|-
! style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;" height=40|
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;" rowspan="2"|34
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Adolf Stahl.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Adolf Stahl]]<br/><small>(1910-2002)
|16<sup>th</sup> March 1960
|5<sup>th</sup> July 1963
|{{Age in years, months and days|1960|03|16|1963|07|24}}
| [[1963 Weranian general election|1963]]
| style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;"|[[National Consolidation Party|{{color|white|NKP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Stahl largely continued the policies of his predecessor but was seen as far less charismatic leading to a decline in the NKP vote. Whilst the party won the 1963 election it was forced to rule a minority government, leading to Stahl to resign calling minority government "''unbearable''".</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;" rowspan="2"|35
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Rudolf Wiefelspütz.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[August von Münstermann]]<br/><small>(1902-1984)
|5<sup>th</sup> March 1963
|25<sup>th</sup> April 1966
|{{Age in years, months and days|1963|07|05|1966|04|25}}
| -
| style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;"|[[National Consolidation Party|{{color|white|NKP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>An effective technocrat, von Münstermann's administration saw high economic growth and deeper integration with the Euclean Community. He resigned in 1966 after his budget was rejected by the Volkstag.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;" rowspan="2"|36
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Adolf Schärf (1961).jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Rudolf Wiefelspütz]]<br/><small>(1892-1973)
|25<sup>th</sup> April 1966
|22<sup>nd</sup> July 1969
|{{Age in years, months and days|1966|04|25|1969|07|22}}
|[[1966 Weranian general election|1966]]
| style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;"|[[National Consolidation Party|{{color|white|NKP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Wiefelspütz implemented progressive policies in the justice and education systems. However his government was considered to be largely conservative in character with his ill health resulting in him to resign in 1969.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;" rowspan="2"|37
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1994-034-22A, Heinrich Lübke.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Sigmar Welskopf-Henrich]]<br/><small>(1904-1986)
|22<sup>nd</sup> July 1969
|7<sup>th</sup> May 1972
|{{Age in years, months and days|1969|07|22|1972|05|07}}
|[[1970 Weranian general election|1970]]
| style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;"|[[National Consolidation Party|{{color|white|NKP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Welskopf-Henrich led the NKP to a majority government in the 1970 election. His government continued moderately progressive social reforms whilst co-currently implementing budget cuts and reducing some of the welfare programmes. Welskopf-Henrich resigned in 1972 following massive student protests.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;" rowspan="2"|38
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Franz Josef Strauß 1982.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Johannes Zollitsch]]<br/><small>(1914-1988)
|7<sup>th</sup> May 1972
|14<sup>th</sup> March 1977
|{{Age in years, months and days|1972|05|07|1977|03|14}}
|[[1972 Weranian general election|1972]], [[1975 Weranian general election|1975]]
| style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;"|[[National Consolidation Party|{{color|white|NKP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Zollitsch led the NKP to majority governments in the 1972 and 1975 elections. Under Zollitsch the government sought to move away from fossil fuels to nuclear power as well as support investment into infrastructure and other industrial projects. However under Zollitsch the economy worsened leading to him to devalue the reichsmark in 1976 - this move proved to be unpopular leading to Zollitsch to resign in March the next year.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;" rowspan="2"|39
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Albrecht Spaemann.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Albrecht Spaemann]]<br/><small>(1924-2007)
|14<sup>th</sup> March 1977
|12<sup>th</sup> April 1979
|{{Age in years, months and days|1977|03|14|1979|04|12}}
| -
| style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;"|[[National Consolidation Party|{{color|white|NKP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Elected to a party vote in 1977. Spaemann oversaw a gradual decline in Werania's economy as {{Wp|stagflation}} entrenched itself, with unemployment and inflation rising continually during his term. Spaemann led the NKP into a defeat following the 1979 election.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#CC0000; color:white;" rowspan="2"|40
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Ostermann colour.png|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Ludolf Ostermann]]<br/><small>(1922-)
|12<sup>th</sup> April 1979
|16<sup>th</sup> May 1991
|{{Age in years, months and days|1979|04|12|1991|05|16}}
|[[1979 Weranian general election|1979]], [[1983 Weranian general election|1983]], [[1987 Weranian general election|1987]]
| style="background:#CC0000; color:white;"|[[Social Democratic Radical Party of Werania|{{color|white|SRPO}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Ostermann was the longest serving post-war Chancellor. Initially forming government with the left wing OSAI from 1983 onwards he formed a "purple government" with the liberal Modern Centre Party (PMZ). Under the Ostermann government {{wp|privatisation}}, {{wp|deregulation}} and {{wp|Neoliberalism|neoliberalisation}} were implemented to improve the Weranian economy by reducing inflation and the budget deficit, leading to economic growth during the 1980's. Ostermann also introduced major constitutional reform and deeper Euclean integration. He was ousted as party leader in 1991 shortly before federal elections that year.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#CC0000; color:white;" rowspan="2"|41
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Gerhard Schroeder Munich 2005 (cropped).jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Wolfgang Löscher]]<br/><small>(1942-)
|16<sup>th</sup> May 1991
|4<sup>th</sup> October 1998
|{{Age in years, months and days|1991|05|16|1998|10|04}}
|[[1991 Weranian general election|1991]], [[Weranian general election, 1995|1995]]
| style="background:#CC0000; color:white;"|[[Social Democratic Radical Party of Werania|{{color|white|SRPO}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Elected in a party vote in 1991, Löscher led a SRPO-PMZ that furthered economic and social reforms after winning a record fourth term for the SRPO in 1991. Löscher led the coalition to a surprise re-election in 1995 after securing a coalition between the SRPO, PMZ and OSAI. The coalition was unstable with both the PMZ and OSAI being particularly acrimonious in their relationship. Löscher resigned in 1998 after the right-wing of his party demanded he leave the government.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#CC0000; color:white;" rowspan="2"|42
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Alfred Gusenbauer (Erster Mai 2006).jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Heinrich Schuberth]]<br/><small>(1950-)
|4<sup>th</sup> October 1998
|18<sup>th</sup> May 1999
|{{Age in years, months and days|1998|10|04|1999|05|18}}
| -
| style="background:#CC0000; color:white;"|[[Social Democratic Radical Party of Werania|{{color|white|SRPO}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Elected in 1998 as a compromise choice between the left and right of the party Schuberth failed to reinvigorate the government's poll numbers being seen as a political lightweight. In 1999 after a corruption scandal Schuberth was involved in resulted in the OSAI to leave government resulting in a {{wp|motion of no confidence}} against Schuberth which led to the 1999 elections which saw the opposition gain a majority.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;" rowspan="2"|43
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Angela Merkel 24092007.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Rasa Šalaševičiūtė]]<br/><small>(1954-)
|18<sup>th</sup> May 1999
|12<sup>th</sup> July 2009
|{{Age in years, months and days|1999|05|18|2009|07|12}}
|[[1999 Weranian general election|1999]], [[2003 Weranian general election|2003]], [[2007 Weranian general election|2007]]
| style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;"|[[National Consolidation Party|{{color|white|NKP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>The first female and Ruttish Chancellor. Leading a majority government in her first term Šalaševičiūtė reorientated Werania to a less pro-Euclean policy and implemented conservative fiscal policies, privatising industry and reinvesting it into supporting tech startups. Dealing with economic collapse in 2005 Šalaševičiūtė implemented austerity policies avoiding a bailout from the [[Euclean Community]]. In 2007 she led the NKP to a coalition government where Šalaševičiūtė supported Euclean integration and greater fiscal liberalisation. She resigned in 2009 to take a position in the Euclean Commission.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;" rowspan="2"|44
|rowspan="2"|[[File:2012-06-05 Bundespraesident Joachim Gauck Berlin.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Dietrich Wittmann]]<br/><small>(1946-)
|12<sup>th</sup> July 2009
|4<sup>th</sup> May 2011
|{{Age in years, months and days|2009|07|12|2011|05|04}}
| -
| style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;"|[[National Consolidation Party|{{color|white|NKP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>The Wittmann government continued {{Wp|austerity}} measures to reduce Werania's budget deficit as well as toughen surveillance legalisation. In 2011 the NKP coalition lost its majority leading to Wittmann to resign from the Chancellorship.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#CC0000; color:white;" rowspan="2"|45
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Mari Kiviniemi 2010-11-02 (1).jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Ellis Koopmann]]<br/><small>(1965-)
|4<sup>th</sup> May 2011
|16<sup>th</sup> October 2014
|{{Age in years, months and days|2011|05|04|2014|10|16}}
|[[2011 Weranian general election|2011]]
| style="background:#CC0000; color:white;"|[[Social Democratic Radical Party of Werania|{{color|white|SRPO}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>The second female Prime Minister, Koopman led a coalition government between the PMZ-SDT alliance and the SRPO. She continued the austerity policies of the previous government. Koopmann was ousted from the position as SRPO leader and thus Chancellor after poor polling results prior to the 2015 federal election.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#CC0000; color:white;" rowspan="2"|46
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Werner Faymann 2015.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Viktor Oberhauser]]<br/><small>(1962-)
|16<sup>th</sup> October 2014
|28<sup>th</sup> June 2019
| {{Age in years, months and days|2014|10|04|2019|06|28}}
|[[2015 Weranian general election|2015]]
| style="background:#CC0000; color:white;"|[[Social Democratic Radical Party of Werania|{{color|white|SRPO}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Appointed as Chancellor following Koopmann's resignation, Oberhauser formed a {{wp|Purple (government)|purple government}} of PMZ-SDT and the SRPO following the 2015 election. Oberhauser has continued austerity measures despite opposition from his own party. He resigned after his coalition suffered a large defeat at the 2019 election.</small>
|- style="background:#EEEEEE"
! style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;" rowspan="2"|47
|rowspan="2"|[[File:2017-01-20 Horst Seehofer CSU 6527.JPG|80px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Otto von Hößlin]]<br/><small>(1952-)
|28<sup>th</sup> June 2019
|Incumbent
| {{Age in years, months and days|2019|06|28}}
|[[2019 Weranian general election|2019]]
| style="background:#FF6A00; color:white;"|[[National Consolidation Party|{{color|white|NKP}}]]
|-
| colspan="5"|<small>Elected in 2019, von Hößlin formed a coalition government with the NKP and the [[Democratic Alternative (Werania)|Democratic Alternative]].</small>
|}


==Living former prime ministers==
The Mariendam Schloss has been used the country residence of the premier since 1911 when it was purchased for such a purpose by the federal government. Previously the premiers came from the aristocracy and often owned their own property they used as their own country residence; in 1911 it was decided that the federal government would purchase its own property for that purpose. The Mariendam Schloss often serves as an informal meeting place for politicians, foreign leaders and businessmen throughout the year.
As of 2019 there are six living former Prime Ministers. The last Prime Minister to die was [[Albrecht Spaemann]] in 2007, who served as Prime Minister from 1973-1977.  
 
===Salary===
The premier has an annual salary of €200,000. The premiers salary is determined a the Volkstag committee that oversees all ministerial salaries every year. The amount was voluntarily lowered from €250,000 to €200,000 in 2012 by premier Emilia Koopmann having remained that value since.
==List==
{{main|List of premiers of Werania}}
==Living former premiers==
As of 2022 there are eight living former premiers. The last premier to die was [[Renatas Vinkauskas]] in 2017, who served as premier from 1980 to 1984.  
<gallery class="center">
<gallery class="center">
File:Helmut Schmidt Bundeskanzler - Moscow 11 dec 2013 (cropped).jpg|[[Ludolf Ostermann]]<br>served 1979-1991<br>born 1922 (age {{age|1927|11|14}})
File:Helmut Schmidt Bundeskanzler - Moscow 11 dec 2013 (cropped).jpg|[[Ludolf Ostermann]]<br>served 1984-1992<br>born 1927 (age {{age|1927|11|14}})
File:Gerhard Schröder profile 2014.jpg|[[Wolfgang Löscher]]<br>served 1991-1998<br>born 1942 (age {{age|1942|09|14}})
File:Gerhard Schröder profile 2014.jpg|[[Wolfgang Löscher]]<br>served 1991-1998<br>born 1942 (age {{age|1942|09|14}})
File:Wpfdc award Alfred Gusenbauer.jpg|[[Heinrich Schuberth]]<br>served 1998-1999<br>born 1950 (age {{age|1950|06|27}})
File:Angela Merkel June 2017.jpg|[[Rasa Šimonytė]]<br>served 1999-2009<br>born 1952 (age {{age|1952|06|24}})
File:Angela Merkel June 2017.jpg|[[Rasa Šalaševičiūtė]]<br>served 1999-2009<br>born 1954 (age {{age|1954|06|24}})
File:Christian Wulff 2014.jpg|[[Dietrich Wittmann]]<br>served 2009-2011<br>born 1958 (age {{age|1958|12|14}})
File:Joachim Gauck (2014).jpg|[[Dietrich Wittmann]]<br>served 2009-2011<br>born 1946 (age {{age|1946|12|14}})
File:Mari Kiviniemi A4.jpeg|[[Emilia Koopmann]]<br />served 2011-2014<br />born 1968 (age {{age|1968|10|22}})
File:Ms. Mari KIVINIEMI.jpg|[[Ellis Koopmann]]<br />served 2011-2014<br />born 1965 (age {{age|1965|10|22}})
File:2015-12 Werner Faymann SPD Bundesparteitag by Olaf Kosinsky-26 (cropped).jpg|[[Viktor Oberhauser]]<br />served 2014-2018<br />born 1959 (age {{age|1959|10|20}})
File:2015-12 Werner Faymann SPD Bundesparteitag by Olaf Kosinsky-26 (cropped).jpg|[[Viktor Oberhauser]]<br />served 2014-2019<br />born 1962 (age {{age|1962|10|20}})
File:2017-06-25 Martin Schulz by Olaf Kosinsky-73 (cropped).jpg|[[Josef Felder]]<br />served 2018-2019</br>born 1955 (age {{age|1955|07|12}})
File:Horst Seehofer.jpg|[[Otto von Hößlin]]<br />served 2019-2022</br>born 1952 (age {{age|1952|6|24}})
</gallery>
</gallery>
 
{{Template:Premiers of Werania}}
{{Template:Werania}}
[[Category:Werania]]
[[Category:Werania]]

Latest revision as of 09:00, 29 May 2023

Premier of the Weranian Confederation
Bundesministerpräsident der Ostischen Bund
Werania Chancellor symbol.png
Emmanuel Macron visit to the Quirinale 20211125 (8) (cropped).jpg
Incumbent
Anton Raicevich
since 1st July 2022
ResidencePalais Beinhoff, Westbrücken, Werania
NominatorHouse of Deputies
AppointerHolder of the Federal Presidency
Term lengthNo fixed term.
Remains in office whilst commanding the confidence of the Bundestag.
Inaugural holderUlrich von Bayrhoffer
Formation17th March 1842
DeputyVice-Premier
Salary€200,000
Werania
Werania Coat of Arms mid.png
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Werania
Werania
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Executive
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Judiciary
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Foreign relations
 Werania

The Federal Premier of the Weranian Confederation (Weranian: Bundesministerpräsident der Ostischen Bund) has been the head of government of the Werania since the unification of the confederation under the efforts of King Rudolf VI and Cislanian Minister-President Ulrich von Bayrhoffer, who became the inaugural premier. The premier officially chairs the Government of Werania, and since the 1940's has evolved from a first-amongst-equals to a more presidential office with the ultimate authority over executive affairs. The premier is officially appointed by the monarch, who must appoint a candidate nominated by the Volkstag. The Volkstag must pass a vote of no confidence to remove a premier.

There has been 44 individuals who have been premier, with six serving non-consecutive terms. The current premier is Anton Raicevich who has served in the post since July 2022.

History

The position of Federal premier was created at the declaration of the Weranian Confederation in 1842. The structure of the Weranian government was based on the main state that drove unification, Cislania, which had introduced a parliamentary form of government in 1821 with an elected Landtag and its own head of government, the Minister-President (Ministerpräsident). The Cislanian Minister-President of the time of unification, Ulrich von Bayrhoffer, would serve as both the first federal premier and Minister-President of Cislania during his term.

The procedure for the appointment of the premier and his powers was the same as the Cislanian Minister-President. The premier was responsible only to the federal presidium (Bundespräsidium) whose holder was the Cislanian king, Rudolf VI and had to be a member of the legislature although a parliamentary majority was not needed. The cabinet was officially presided over by the holder of the Bundespräsidium with the premier being merely the most senior Cabinet minister. Following Rudolf VI's death and his replacement with his young son Adalbert the premier became the de facto position of power as von Bayrhoffer was considered more experienced and influential then the new monarch. Von Bayrhoffer would be the longest serving premier serving for 11 years, 8 months and 4 days over two terms from 1842-1849 and 1852-1856.

Following the War of the Triple Alliance and the second dismissal of von Bayrhoffer the premiership decline in importance. The succeeding premiers usually served short terms and were responsible entirely to Adalbert who became the main executive force in the country chairing cabinet meetings; premiers tended to preside over parliamentary majorities although remained subordinate to the monarchy. There were exceptions to this trend - most notable was premier Konrad von Höhnel (1892-1900) who exercised stronger executive control over his government then any premier since Bayrhoffers dismissal.

The death of Adalbert in 1913 and the ascension of his son Leopold IV saw a shift in the power of the premier and the Bundestag in general. Leopold IV was less interventionist then his father and was more willing to allow the parliamentary majority to direct executive actions. Voting reforms in 1906 had also significantly expanded the suffrage and resulted in more coalition governments; this made the position of regierungsbildner far more vital for the coordination of the government. The 1915 election saw the first non-aristocratic premier, Sotirian democrat Erich Schätzle and in 1918 the first left-wing premier Albrecht Küchenthal appointed. As a result the holder of the Bundespräsidium presided over cabinet increasingly less with the premier chairing cabinet as a first-among-equals with the legislature taking precedence over the executive due to the frequency of coalition governments. The proliferation of new political parties and extremist currents emerging as a result of the Great Collapse saw Weranian politics become sharply polarised; as a result the role of the premier in mediating between political parties in government grew making it more a chairman of a collegial government then a powerful executive. All decisions in cabinet were decided by a majority vote.

During the Great War the premier was considered to be less influential then the holder of the Bundespräsidium and the Chief of Staff of the Reichswehr. Although the political parties in the Bundestag agreed to support the government (the landsmann union) war policy was handled by the War Council that was chaired by Leopold IV, making the premier less powerful as the executive. Four premiers served during the Great War - only the last of them, Otto Röttgen, was considered to be particularly influential due to him also serving as Foreign Minister and playing a large role in determining plans for post-war Euclea.

Following the Great War the premier continued to be a weak figure as was the case prior to the war. Under Dietrich Nischwitz (1942-1944) and his successor Dr Franz Rössler (1944-1950) there was an attempt to increase the power of the premier although this was largely unsuccessful. The trend towards a weaker premier was confirmed after the Kirenian-Weranian War with the appointment of Viktor Beer-Hofmann as premier who would be the last premier to not come from the largest party in government. In 1953 a new law stipulated that the premier could not be a serving member of the military.

Despite the trend of coalition governments ending with the two decade single-party rule of the National Consolidation Party (NKP) from 1955 to 1983 the premier continued to serve as a chairman of the government with the premier changing frequently. This was because the NKP's leader who always sat as premier was limited to two three year terms and often only served one of these. The most influential premier of the period, Johannes Zollitsch (1972-1978) would see the political process become more focused around the premier with elections often becoming increasingly focused around the personality of leaders; however the institutional role of the premier remained more limited. The election of the SRPO-OSAI government of Ludolf Ostermann saw the return to coalition governments. Like Zollitsch whilst Ostermann was considered to be more powerful then previous premiers thanks to his use of the media, personal appeal to the public and strong party support the premier's constitutional role remained lacking; decisions still were taken by the Cabinet rather then the premier.

Ostermann's successor as premier, Wolfgang Löscher (1991-1998), embarked on a institutional expansion of the powers of the premier. A separate Chancellery Office was created in 1992 in order to better support the premier whilst the old law requiring the Cabinet to vote on executive decisions was abolished with only major defence, foreign policy and financial issues requiring a compulsory cabinet vote allowing the premier much stronger free reign in determining policy. A final expansion of premier powers was to require every law to be co-signed by the premier in order to pass - previously this was done solely by the holder of the Bundespräsidium. This made the premier both the de facto and de jure co-chief executive alongside the holder of the Bundespräsidium.

The expansion of premier's powers under Löscher has been maintained by subsequent administrations who have generally ensured that a large amount of government decisions remain centralised in the premier's hands at the expense of the legislature. As a result Werania is now considered to be a "chancellor democracy" (Kanzlerdemokratie) with the premier being considered to be more of a presidential figure then in times past. The first female premier was Rasa Šimonytė whose 1999-2009 term of 10 years, 1 month and 24 days is the longest term of any Weranian premier.

Powers and duties

The meeting room of the cabinet.

The premier is recognised by the constitution as the head of the executive government of Werania, supervising the operation of the cabinet. The premier's executive functions include chairing cabinet meetings and appointing members of the cabinet having the power to also dismiss them. The premier's legislative roles include presenting bills to the Bundestag, advising the head of state to dissolve the Volkstag and cosigning legislation in order to allow it to pass alongside the Federal Presidency.

The premier is considered to be the de facto chief executive which is partially reflected de jure. As the premier has to co-sign legislation in order for it to pass they have equal executive power to the Federal Presidency, who since 1992 can only take executive action from the advice of ministers. However the Federal Presidency still is the commander-in-chief.

Qualifications

The qualifications for the premier are laid out in the constitution;

  • Must be a deputy in either the Bundestag (this in of itself requires Werania nationality, permanent residence in Werania for over 20 years, be over the age of 21).
  • Be of good moral conduct (i.e have no record of a felony or not currently under investigation).
  • Since a 1953 constitutional amendment premiers must not be currently serving in the military (although former members of the military may serve as premier).

Selection process

Following the resignation or removal of a cabinet the monarch of Werania assigns a regierungsbildner who is considered to be the most likely candidate to lead a new cabinet. The regierungsbildner is then nominated by the Volkstag to lead a cabinet with a simple-majority ballot being conducted to see if they and their cabinet can command the confidence of the Volkstag. The premier must sit in either of the two houses of the Bundestag in order to be nominated - however since the assassination of premier Dietrich Nischwitz in 1944 all premiers have emerged from the Volkstag rather then the Herrstag. Since the 1950's the regierungsbildner and thus the premier has always come from the majority party in the Volkstag or the senior party in the governing coalition.

Once the premier's candidacy is approved by a majority of Volkstag deputies it is referred to the Herrstag who also by a simple majority must approve of the premier. After that it is presented to the monarch to formally approves of the candidacy. If either the Herrstag or monarch rejects the nomination from the Volkstag the rejecting party and Volkstag are given a month to come to a consensus - ultimately however if no consensus is reached the Volkstag's nomination automatically becomes premier. This occurred in 1918 when the monarch Leopold IV refused to approve of Albrecht Küchenthal as premier; after a month of deadlock outgoing premier Erich Schätzle convinced Leopold to accept the Volkstag's choice of premier without approving it himself. This occurred again in 1998 when the Herrstag rejected Heinrich Schuberth as premier but the Volkstag prevailed.

The premier can only be removed through presenting the resignation of their cabinet to the monarch or losing a vote of no confidence in the Volkstag. The premier cannot be individually removed; votes of confidence are applied to the entire cabinet and must be taken against them. In the role of an immediate vacancy of the premier the vice-chancellor automatically takes the role in a caretaker cabinet; however in the vice-chancellery is also vacant the monarch may appoint a sitting Volkstag member to serve as a caretaker until the Volkstag nominates a candidate for premier. This has only occurred once in 1950 after the entire cabinet of premier Franz Rössler resigned; the monarch as a result appointed Johannes von Günther to serve in a caretaker capacity with von Günther's cabinet lasting a mere two months. Usually if a premier resigns or is removed from office they and their cabinet continue to serve in a caretaker role until a new cabinet is sworn in.

Amenities

Residence

  • The Palais Beinhoff in Westbrücken, the official residence of the premier.

    The Palais Beinhoff in Westbrücken, the official residence of the premier.

  • The Mariendam Schloss in Cislania, the country residence of the premier.

    The Mariendam Schloss in Cislania, the country residence of the premier.

  • The Adalberthaus in Westbrücken, the de facto residence from 1930-1972.

    The Adalberthaus in Westbrücken, the de facto residence from 1930-1972.

The premier is entitled to two official residences; the Palais Beinhoff in Westbrücken and the Mariendam Schloss in Cislania. The Palais Beinhoff serves as the residency of the premier as well as the meeting place of the Federal Cabinet and other senior government functions. The Palais Beinhoff as such is considered to be the heart of the Weranian government with the term "Beinhoff" often being a shorthand for the Weranian government.

The Beinhoff was partially destroyed during the Great War leading to government operations to be partially moved to the Adalberthaus, a more modern construction completed prior to the Great War. The Adalberthaus served as the de facto cabinet meeting place and residence of the premier from 1930 onwards although legally the premier's official residence was still the Beinhoff. Starting in 1967 the Weranian government began renovating the Beinhoff completing the process in 1972. Since then the Adalberthaus has mainly been used for lesser governmental work and no longer serves as a residence.

The Mariendam Schloss has been used the country residence of the premier since 1911 when it was purchased for such a purpose by the federal government. Previously the premiers came from the aristocracy and often owned their own property they used as their own country residence; in 1911 it was decided that the federal government would purchase its own property for that purpose. The Mariendam Schloss often serves as an informal meeting place for politicians, foreign leaders and businessmen throughout the year.

Salary

The premier has an annual salary of €200,000. The premiers salary is determined a the Volkstag committee that oversees all ministerial salaries every year. The amount was voluntarily lowered from €250,000 to €200,000 in 2012 by premier Emilia Koopmann having remained that value since.

List

Main article: List of premiers of Werania

Living former premiers

As of 2022 there are eight living former premiers. The last premier to die was Renatas Vinkauskas in 2017, who served as premier from 1980 to 1984.

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