This article belongs to the lore of Aurorum.

Albeinland: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Undo revision 801527 by Orapoix (talk))
Tag: Undo
 
(160 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Region_icon_Aurorum}}
{{WIP}}
{{Infobox country
{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name     = '''Kingdom of Albeinland'''
|conventional_long_name = Commonwealth of Albeinland
|common_name                 = Albeinland
|common_name =       Albeinland
|image_flag                 = Flag of Albeinland.png
|image_flag =         [[File:Flag of Albeinland.png|150px]]
|image_coat                 = [[File:Albeinland_coa.png|130px]]
|alt_flag =          Flag of Albeinland
|national_motto             =''Libertas quæ sera tamen''<br><small>"Liberty albeit late"</small>
|image_coat =         [[File:Albeinland_coa.png|85px]]
|national_anthem             =''Albish National Anthem''<br>[[File:MediaPlayer.png|link=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-tW0QqiT2LU|210px]]
|alt_coat =          Cockade of Albeinland
|image_map                   = [[File:Alb_map_3.png|260px]]
|symbol_type =        Cockade
|map_caption                 = Albeinland (dark green) in [[Lorecian Community]] (light green)
|national_motto =     ''Domine, dirige nos'' ({{wp|Latin language|Cambran}}) <br><small>"O Lord, direct us"</small>
|image_map2                 = [[File:Alb_map_1.png|260px]]
|national_anthem =   {{wp|''Battle Hymn of the Republic''}}
|alt_map2                   =
[[File:MediaPlayer.png|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jy6AOGRsR80|210px]]
|map_caption2               = Political map of Albeinland
|image_map =         [[File:Globo_albeinland.png|255px]]
|capital                     = Castelby
|alt_map =            Albeinland (green) in [[Aurorum (Region)|Berea]] (grey)
|largest_city               = capital
|map_caption =       Albeinland (green) in [[Aurorum (Region)|Berea]] (grey)
|official_languages          = {{wp|English language|English}}
|image_map2 =         [[File:Alb_map_1.png|255px]]
|ethnic_groups              = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap;
|alt_map2 =           Political map of Albeinland
  | 82% Albish
|map_caption2 =       Political map of Albeinland
  | 6% Noordenstater
|capital=             {{flagicon image|Flag_of_Kent.svg}} [[Castelby]]
  | 2% Auroran
|largest_city=       capital
  | 6% other
|demonym =            Albish
}}
|ethnic_groups =     87.9% {{wp|White people|White}}<br>7.2% {{wp|Black people|Black}}<br>3.3% {{wp|Asian people|Pamiran}}<br>2.2% {{wp|Multiracial people|Mixed}}<br> 0.1% Other
|ethnic_groups_year         = 2018
|ethnic_groups_year = 2020
|demonym                    = {{hlist |Albish|Albian}}
|religion = 88.2% [[Semitarism]]<br>-74.9% [[Semitarism|Cambran sect]]<br>-12.5% [[Semitarism|Nordic sect]]<br>-0.8% [[Semitarism|Erytheian sect]]<br>7.3% {{wp|Irreligious}}<br>4.1% [[Iqlad]]<br>0.4% Other
|government_type             = {{wp|Unitary state|Unitary}} {{wp|Parliamentary system|parliamentary}}
|religion_year = 2020
{{wp|Constitutional monarchy|constitutional monarchy}}
|government_type =   {{wp|Federalism|Federal}} {{wp|Parliamentary system|parliamentary}} {{wp|republic}}
|leader_title1               = Monarch
|leader_title1 =     [[Lord Protector of Albeinland|Lord Protector]]
|leader_name1               = Catherine II
|leader_name1 =       [[George Owen]]
|leader_title2               = Chancellor
|leader_title2 =     [[Prime Minister of Albeinland|Prime Minister]]
|leader_name2               = Vincent Lloyd
|leader_name2 =       [[Vincent Lloyd]]
|legislature = Parliament
|legislature =       [[General Assembly of Albeinland|General Assembly]]
|upper_house = House of Commons
|upper_house =       [[State Council of Albeinland|State Council]]
|lower_house = House of Lords
|lower_house =       [[House of Commons of Albeinland|House of Commons]]
|sovereignty_type           =
|sovereignty_type =   Establishment
|sovereignty_note            =  
|established_event1          = [[Magnanimous Revolution|Unification]]
|established_event1          = Foundation of Castelby
|established_date1          = 10 May 1583
|established_date1          = 5th century AD
|established_event2          = [[Common Charter of Albeinland|Constitution]]
|established_event2          = Unification
|established_date2          = 13 November 1786
|established_date2          = 12 December 1016
|established_event3         = [[BDTA]]
|established_event9         = Oxford Revolution
|established_date3           = 17 June 1944
|established_date9           = 16 August 1652
|area_km2 = 182,054
|area                        =
|area_sq_mi =  
|area_km2                   = 129,180,0
|percent_water = 0.6
|area_sq_mi                 =  
|population_census = 6,472,318
|population_estimate        = 30,969,622
|population_census_year = 2020
|population_estimate_rank    =  
|population_density_km2 = 35.5
|population_estimate_year    = 2019
|population_density_sq_mi =  
|population_census           = 30,968,221
|GDP_nominal = {{Increase}} $270.3 billion
|population_census_year     = 2018
|GDP_nominal_year = 2020
|population_density_km2     = 23
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{Increase}} $41,764
|population_density_sq_mi   =
|Gini                        = 26.8
|GDP_PPP                    = £4.028 trillion
|Gini_year                  = 2020
|GDP_PPP_year                = 2018
|GDP_PPP_per_capita          = £29,072
|GDP_nominal                 = £5.109 trillion
|GDP_nominal_rank            =
|GDP_nominal_year           = 2018
|GDP_nominal_per_capita     = £34,011
|Gini                        = 29.9
|Gini_year                  = 2018
|Gini_change                = increase
|Gini_change                = increase
|HDI                        = 0.911
|HDI                        = 0.924
|HDI_year                    = 2018
|HDI_year                    = 2020
|HDI_change                  = increase
|HDI_change                  = increase
|currency                   = Sterling
|currency =           [[Albish Sterling|Sterling]] (ALB, £)
|currency_code              = £
|time_zone =         [[Albish Central Time]]
|time_zone                   = UTC
|utc_offset =         +1
|utc_offset                 = +1
|cctld =             .ab
|antipodes                  = <!-- countries or islands antipodal to this one-->
|calling_code =       +16
|date_format                = dd-mm-yyyy
|drives_on                  = left
|cctld                       =
|iso3166code                =  
|calling_code               = +36
|image_map3                  =
}}
}}
'''Albeinland''', officially the '''Kingdom of Albeinland''', is a sovereign state in west [[Lorecia]], sharing borders with [[Noordenstaat]] and [[Fyngaria]] to the south, Arstotska and [[Aswick]] to the northeast and [[Aurora Confederacy]] to the northwest. Its territory is composed of the Alban Highlands on the mainland and the islands of Arsey, Brenswick, Brunhill and Lanwel on the Albish Channel. The country has an estimated population of 30 million inhabitants, most of them living in urban spaces such as the capital and largest city, Castelby. Albeinland is a member of the World Assembly since 1991 and is one of the founding states of the [[Lorecian Community]] in 1994.
'''Albeinland''', officially the '''Commonwealth of Albeinland''', is an {{wp|Island|insular}} {{wp|country}} located on the continent of [[Beria]], sharing a {{wp|maritime boundary}} with [[Sileria]] to the northwest and having a {{wp|coastline}} on the [[Aurorum (region)|Arthurean Strait]] to the south, the [[Aurorum (region)|Telmeric Sea]] to the north and the [[Aurorum (region)|North Agric Ocean]] to the southwest. With 6,472,318 inhabitants and 182,054 km² (70,291 sq mi), Albeinland is one of the smallest countries of the [[Aurorum (region)|world]].  


The area that now encompasses Albeinland was settled by [[Arlethic peoples|Arlethian tribes]], an ethnolinguistic group who is conductive to several modern peoples in Lorecia from the 1st century BCE to the 6th century CE. The first Christian missionaries arrived in the 5th century CE and established several churches and monasteries, with local natives and its tribes developing and founding the Kingdom of Anglea, the Kingdom of Cambria and the Duchy of Lencester in the early 7th century. In 1016, after many wars and conflicts, the House of Annesley of Anglea rose to unify the Alban Highlands, with Arthur of Anglea becoming the first sovereign of a united Albeinland. The middle ages were the scene of military conquests which consolidated the Albish state.
The current Albish territory is populated since the {{wp|Paleolithic era}}, with the first {{wp|Celtic peoples|Foranic peoples}} migrating to the region in the 5th century BCE. The [[Metropolitan Island|island]] would be annexed by the [[Cambran Empire]] years later in 85 CE, becoming an important {{wp|Trade|trade hub}} due to its strategic location in northwestern Beria. After the [[Cambran Empire|fall of the empire]], Albeinland would fracture itself into various petty kingdoms and tribes, leaving the area open for a series of intensive [[Cuthland-Waldrich|Cuthish]] [[Cuthish Immigrations|immigrations]] in the 3rd and 4th centuries. The Cuthish population consolidated themselves as the new {{wp|Elite|regional elite}}, with a series of {{wp|merchant republics}}, {{wp|Guild|market guilds}} and {{wp|college towns}} being established. The fragility of these states led to the creation of the [[Albish League]] at the end of the 9th century, leading to total domination over {{wp|Trade|trade routes}} in the Telmeric Sea and Agric Ocean.


Despite the creation of a legislative body in the 14th century, Parliament's minimal jurisdiction and the sovereign's disproportionate authority spawned the first clashes between the two powers, which would only worsen over the years. Most of the Albish population converted to {{wp|Protestantism}} in the 16th century, giving to the monarch more powers over Parliament with the creation of the Church of Albeinland. The final spark came in 1663, when the Albish Revolution began and divided the nation between absolutists and constitutionalists. The war ended with a rebel victory and the introduction of a constitutional monarchy in the country. The 17th century was a golden age for national politics, economy and philosophy while the 18th century witnessed the introduction of modern democracy, with {{wp|Universal manhood suffrage|universal male suffrage}} being enacted in 1872 and {{wp|Women's suffrage|women's suffrage}} in 1919.
After the Albish defeat at the [[First Cutho-Albish War]] in 1582, a series of {{wp|Nationalism|nationalist movements}} [[Magnanimous Revolution|overthrew]] the previous maritime republics and {{wp|Unification|unified}} them into the [[First Albish Commonwealth|Commonwealth of Albeinland]]. The commonwealth saw the expansion of {{wp|Trade|trade activities}} outside Beria with the creation of {{wp|Trading post|outposts}} in [[Pamira]] and [[Capthora]], and established one of the first {{wp|Colonialism|colonial empires}} of Aurorum. [[Cavalier Revolt|Internal disputes]] led to the end of the republic and the establishment of a [[Kingdom of Albeinland|monarchy]] in 1732, with the 18th century being known as a {{wp|golden era}} as the country was at the centre of most {{wp|Philosophy|philosophic}} and {{wp|Science|scientific}} discussions of the period. However, further political instability led to the [[Albish Spring]] in 1786, with a [[Second Albish Commonwealth|democratic republican government]] taking place.


Today, Albeinland is a {{wp|developed country}} operating under a {{wp|Parliamentary system|parliamentary}} {{wp|Constitutional monarchy|constitutional monarchy}}, with Catherine II acting as monarch and Vincent Lloyd as Chancellor. The country is a member state of the [[Lorecian Community]] and the World Assembly.
The 1800s were marked by extensive colonial expansion and {{wp|industrialization}}. Albeinland was one of the major combatants of the [[Great War (Aurorum)|Great War]], with its [[Albish Navy|navy]] seeing action in every corner of the world. The end of the war led to the {{wp|Independence|independence}} of former colonies, with {{wp|Decolonization|decolonization}} happening gradually over the century. After the end of the [[Melasian Crisis]], Albeinland was one of the founder-states, alongside [[Mascylla]] and [[Lavaria]], of the [[BDTA|Berean Defence Treaty Association]], standing against the [[Mageiros League]] and the [[Perekovka Program]] in the [[Cold War (Aurorum)|Cold War]]. The country was severely hit in the [[Albish general crisis of 1986|general crisis of 1986]], having been recovered since then.


Today, Albeinland is a {{wp|developed country}} with a {{wp|high-income economy}}, being regarded as one of the main colonial empires in history and having its language and culture present on every continent. Its {{wp|Capital city|capital}} and {{wp|primate city}} is [[Castelby]]. The {{wp|Political system|political framework}} is operated under a {{wp|Federalism|federal}} {{wp|Parliamentary system|parliamentary}} {{wp|republic}} with the [[Lord-Protector of Albeinland|Lord-Protector]] being the {{wp|head of state}} while the [[Prime Minister of Albeinland|Prime Minister]] is the {{wp|head of government}}, and has as its {{wp|Legislature|national legislature}} the {{wp|Bicameralism|bicameral}} [[General Assembly of Albeinland|General Assembly]], which has as its {{wp|lower house}} the [[House of Commons of Albeinland|House of Commons]] and {{wp|upper house}} the [[State Council of Albeinland|State Council]]. Given the nature of its political system, many specialists consider Albeinland to be a {{wp|crowned republic}}. Currently, Albeinland is a member of the [[Assembly of Nations]], the Berean Defence Treaty Association, the [[Albish-Silerian Council]] and the [[Association of Albish States]].
==Etymology==
==Etymology==
The name "Albeinland" is derived from the {{wp|Old English}} ''Albaland'', which means "land of the Albans". The Albans is one of the [[Arlethic peoples|Arlethic groups]] who settled the current Albish territory in the 1st century BCE until the christianization of the tribe in the early 7th century. Its earliest recorded use, as ''Albalanda'', comes from a Christian chronicle dated to the 6th century, however, this name has another meaning: "white land" or "white ground". Etymologists believe that the name derives from the harsh winters in the region, causing the Arlethians who settled in the area to begin calling themselves as "the white people".
The name Albeinland means "land of the [[Alban people|Albans]]." Although there isn’t any definitive certainty about the true origin of the term, the most accepted possibility is that this was an exonym used by [[Cambran Empire|Cambran]] and [[Erytheria|Erytherian]] merchants which originally meant ''white land'', possibly due to the {{wp|White Cliffs of Dover|White Cliffs of Tyside}}.


Neither the Albish Parliament nor Government recognises the gentilics ''Alban'' or ''Albian'' as wrong, however, the official documents issued by both uses the term ''Albish'' only to avoid any historical confusion.
Regarding its {{wp|gentilic}}, the current official and most used version by the population is ''Albish''. Although its variations ''Alban'' and ''Albian'' aren’t considered to be wrong, they are rarely used and seen as archaic.


==History==
==History==
===Prehistory and antiquity===
===Albish League and Middle Ages===
===Commonwealth===
===Modern era===
===Contemporary era===
==Geography==
==Geography==
{{main|Geography of Albeinland}}
===Climate===
[[File:Widecombe_in_the_Moor,_Devon.jpg|thumb|right|240px|The Alban Highlands in Anglea]]
===Environment===
Albeinland has a total area of 1,291,800 square kilometres which its majority is in the [[Astyria|Astyrian]] continent of [[Lorecia]] as well as the islands of Arsey, Brenswick, Brunhill and Lanwell on the Albish Channel. The country shares borders with several countries such as [[Noordenstaat]] and [[Fyngaria]] to the south, Arstotska and [[Aswick]] to the northeast and the [[Aurora Confederacy]] to the northwest, being one of the biggest countries in the [[Lorecian Community]].
 
==Politics==
{{main|Politics of Albeinland}}
===Government===
{{main|Government of Albeinland|Cabinet of Albeinland|Lord-Protector of Albeinland|Prime Minister of Albeinland|General Assembly of Albeinland}}
{{multiple image
|align=left
|image1=The_Duke_of_Kent_(cropped).jpg
|width1= 176
|caption1= [[George Owen]],<br> [[Lord-Protector of Albeinland|Lord-Protector]]
|alt1= George Owen
|width2= 165
|caption2= [[Vincent Lloyd]],<br> [[Prime Minister of Albeinland|Prime Minister]]
|image2=Jacob_Rees-Mogg_MP.jpg
|alt2= Prime Minister Vincent Lloyd
}}
[[File:20110531_London_29.JPG|thumb|right|200px|[[New Luffton House]], seat of the [[General Assembly of Albeinland|General Assembly]].]]
[[File:Mansion_House_London.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[9 Loegria Street]], seat of the [[Prime Minister of Albeinland|Prime Minister's Office]].]]
Albeinland is a {{wp|Federalism|federal}} {{wp|Parliamentary system|parliamentary}} {{wp|republic}}, with the [[Lord-Protector of Albeinland|Lord-Protector]] being the {{wp|head of state}} while the [[Prime Minister of Albeinland|Prime Minister]] is the {{wp|head of government}}. The executive is composed by the lord-protector, the prime minister and the [[Cabinet of Albeinland|cabinet]]. The Albish political system is operated under the [[Common Charter of Albeinland|Common Charter]], which is the {{wp|Constitution|semi-codified constitution}} that, alongside other documents, treaties and conventions, sets the directives of the executive, legislative and judiciary.
 
The lord-protector is the highest elected member of the commonwealth, being elected by the [[General Assembly of Albeinland|General Assembly]] after the death or resignation of the previous holder of the office, assuming the position for the {{wp|Life tenure|entire lifetime}}. Despite being ceremonial, it's the responsibility of the lord-protector to convoke general elections after being asked by the prime minister, appoint or dismiss the government and represent the country on the world stage, among others. The lord-protector is also the {{wp|commander-in-chief}} of the [[Albish Armed Forces|armed forces]] and is expected to act as {{wp|non-partisan}}. Given its nature, many specialists see the office as the same of a {{wp|monarch}}.
 
The prime minister is responsible for lead the {{wp|Cabinet (politics)|cabinet}}, which has its members drawn from the parliament, in a {{wp|primus inter pares}} system, generally being the leader of the party with the majority of seats in the Assembly. The prime minister needs {{wp|parliamentary sytem|parliamentary accountability}} to {{wp|Governance|govern}} and must resign or declare new elections if such accountability is lost.
 
The General Assembly is the national {{wp|Bicameralism|bicameral}} {{wp|Legislature|legislature}} of Albeinland, having as the {{wp|lower house}} the [[House of Commons of Albeinland|House of Commons]] and {{wp|upper house}} the [[State Council of Albeinland|State Council]]. The House of Commons is the most important house of parliament, being composed by 209 MPs elected through a {{wp|first-past-the-post voting|first-past-the-post system}} for a renewable term of five years, while the State Council is composed by 25 unelected members for an {{wp|Term limit|unlimited term of office}} to represent the regions on a federal scale.


The continental landscape of Albeinland comprises of mountainous regions and plateaus. The mountainous region is known as Apperlane Mountains, being mostly centered around the Albish border with Aswick and Fyngaria in the provinces of Cambria and Bedfordshire. Having five mountains with peaks over 1,000 metres, the Effing Pike in southeast Cambria is the highest at 4,018 metres. Due its altitude, the Apperlane Mountains restrains the air flow coming from the ocean and south Lorecia, with the temperature remaining more cold than the Lorecian average.
As an {{wp|electoral democracy}}, Albeinland has a strong {{wp|two-party system}}, with the {{wp|Centre-right poltics|centre-right}} [[United Conservative Party (Albeinland)|United Conservative Party]] (UPC) and {{wp|Centre-left politics|centre-left}} [[Progressive Republican League (Albeinland)|Progressive Republican League]] (PRL) alternating power since 1921. Other parties that have minor representation in politics are the [[Liberal Democratic Union (Albeinland)|Liberal Democratic Union]], [[Green Party (Albeinland)|Green Party]], [[Reform Party (Albeinland)|Reform Party]] and the [[Free Radical Group (Albeinland)|Free Radical Group]].


[[File:Mont_Blanc_oct_2004.JPG|thumb|left|225px|The Effing Pike is the highest mountain in Albeinland with 4,018 metres]]
===Administrative divisions===
Most of the Albish territory is composed of the Alban Highlands - a series of plateaus and high terrains that encompass almost all of the national land. The several small mountains and plateaus in the central region up to the coastline ranges from two hundred to four hundred metres in altitude, with Castelby being two hundred and fifty metres above sea level while Eidenburgh and Bedford at three hundred metres above sea level. Despite being at relatively high altitudes for Lorecia, the Albish terrain is not particularly rough, supporting the defence of major cities in mediaeval times and not negatively affecting to a great extext agriculture in the region. The Highlands extends into the Albish coastline, where gradually becomes the Alban Plains in the coastal cities of Lenderpool, Forrest and Sunnaway.
{{main|Administrative divisions of Albeinland}}
[[File:Mapa albeinland 3.png|thumb|left|200px|[[Administrative divisions of Albeinland|Regions of Albeinland.]]]]
Albeinland has a complex and ancient system of {{wp|national subdivisions }} that is dated from centuries ago. As a {{wp|Federation|federal state}}, the country is subdivided into 5 [[Administrative divisions of Albeinland|regions]]: [[Administrative divisions of Albeinland|Avigneshire]], [[Administrative divisions of Albeinland|Bedfordshire]], [[Administrative divisions of Albeinland|Cliffordshire]], [[Administrative divisions of Albeinland|Lencester]] and [[Castelby|Greater Castelby]], the last one only comprised by the {{wp|capital city}} of [[Castelby]], with each one having its executive, legislative and judiciary as established by law. The [[Administrative divisions of Albeinland|local government]] is headed by the [[Administrative divisions of Albeinland|first minister]], which is elected in a similar way to the prime minister in the federal level, with the legislative being led by [[Administrative divisions of Albeinland|local authorities]] and the judiciary by [[Administrative divisions of Albeinland|regional courts]]. The second tier of administrative divisions is the [[Administrative divisions of Albeinland|counties]], which are divided into [[Administrative divisions of Albeinland|metropolitan counties]] for urban areas and [[Administrative divisions of Albeinland|non-metropolitan counties]] for small towns and rural fields. The counties are led by a [[Administrative divisions of Albeinland|mayor]] and have its legislature composed by [[Administrative divisions of Albeinland|local councils]].


The main rivers in Albeinland are the Kensingley, Ossey and Hammerworth, all of them rising in the Apperlane Mountains and flowing into the Albish Channel. The three rivers and their tributaries are crucial for maintaining the agriculture and industry in Lencester as well as supplying water to the biggest cities of Albeinland. Most of the Albish lakes are located in the province of Bedfordshire in a region known as Lake Lands. The most important lakes within the country are Lake Victoria and Lake Everest, near the Aswickan border.
Although being listed as a region, Castelby has a different political system due to its {{wp|Status|special status}} as capital and the fact that is composed by a single city. The [[Castelby|city's executive]] is led by a [[Castelby|mayor]] akin to a county, the difference being that it is directly elected by the population. The legislative, in turn, is made by the [[Castelby City Council]], which acts as the local legislature alongside local councils for its [[Castelby|boroughs]], while the judiciary still follows the same national procedures.
===Climate===
 
[[File:Alb map 5.png|thumb|left|190px|{{wp|Köppen climate classification}} map for Albeinland]]
===Judiciary and law enforcement===
{{Climate chart|[[Castelby|Castelby, Albeinland]]
{{main|Judiciary of Albeinland|Law enforcement in Albeinland}}
|-9|-3|39
[[File:New_Scotland_Yard_¦_Embankment_Chic_?_(33219232590).jpg|thumb|left|200px|Headquarters of the [[Albish Police Service]].]]
|-7|-1|27
[[File:Royal_Courts_of_Justice_2019.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The [[High Court of Justice of Albeinland|High Court of Justice]].]]
|-3|2|29
[[File:Mounted.police.london.arp.600pix.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A mounted [[Albish Police Service|APS officer]].]]
|3|7|29
The [[Judiciary of Albeinland|Albish judicial system]] is entirely based on the {{wp|common law}} and has as its {{wp|Magna Carta}} the [[Common Charter of Albeinland|Common Charter]], which was promulgated months after the [[Albish Spring]] in 1786. The Common Charter, despite being known as the national {{wp|constitution}}, is one of the several laws, treaties and conventions that are used for setting the directives of the state, being part of the {{wp|Constitution|semi-codified}} [[Constitution of Albeinland]]. The {{wp|National court|highest national court}} is the [[High Court of Justice of Albeinland|High Court of Justice]], which is both a {{wp|court of last resort}} and a {{wp|constitutional court}}. Regions and counties are allowed to have their legislation and constitutions, but they must respect federal law.
|7|13|32
 
|11|17|55
[[Law enforcement in Albeinland|Law enforcement]] is carried out by different entities and institutions, all of them within the [[Cabinet of Albeinland|Secretary of Home Affairs]]. The main law enforcement agency is the [[Albish Police Service]], which acts as a {{wp|Preventive police|preventive}}, {{wp|detective}} and {{wp|Forensic science|forensic}} {{wp|Police|police force}}. The APS is directly controlled by the [[Government of Albeinland|Federal Government]] with the participation and assistance of [[Administrative divisions of Albeinland|regional]] and [[Administrative divisions of Albeinland|county]] governments. Other law enforcement agencies are the [[National Gendarmerie Force (Albeinland)|National Gendarmerie Force]], which is used in cases of {{wp|Unrest|national unrests}}, {{wp|Protest|protests}} and {{wp|Terrorist attack|attacks}}, and the [[Metropolitan Police Service (Albeinland)|Metropolitan Police Service]], which is the police force of [[Castelby]] and its [[Castelby|metropolitan area]]. Most of the Albish police forces don't carry {{wp|Firearm|firearms}}, with only exclusive groups being allowed to use them.
|12|19|59
 
|13|21|52
According to national and international reportings, Albeinland has a {{wp|homicide rate}} of 9.7 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, considered to be within the recommended average of 10 deaths per 100,000 people. {{wp|Capital punishment}} was abolished in 1962. {{wp|Prison|State penitentiaries}} are also a responsibility of the home secretary under the [[Public Penintenciaries Service (Albeinland)|Public Penintenciaries Service]], being in average levels of occupation without any {{wp|Overcrowding|overcrowding issues}}.
|9|15|52
|3|7|49
|-1|4|47
|-6|1|45
|float=right
|clear=none
}}
Albeinland is considered one of the coldest countries in Lorecia, with an average temperature varying between -2°C to -15°C in the winters and 5°C to 18°C in the summers. The coldest months are December and January, while June and July are the hottest. According to the {{wp|Köppen climate classification}}, about 40% of the Albish territory has a {{wp|temperate climate|cool temperate climate}} with stiffer winters and mild summers, with cities such as Castelby, Bedford, Eidenburgh and Rosefort suffering snowstorms in the winters and having a cool climate in the summers followed by a transitional {{wp|humid continental climate}} between the coastline and countryside. The Albish coast have an {{wp|oceanic climate}} with mild winters and warmer summers. The major reason of the low temperatures in Albeinland is due the Apperlane Mountains that restrains the cold streams coming from the Albish Channel.


In the more mountainous regions located near the borders, the {{wp|tundra|tundra biome}} predominates, with the temperature remaining below zero almost all year. Since the Alverville Observatory began to record the weather, the highest temperature ever recorded was 37°C on August 2007 in Hampsey and the coldest temperature being -41°C in Pendston on March 1994.
The [[General Commonwealth Intelligence Service (Albeinland)|General Commonwealth Intelligence Service]], also known by its abbreviation GCIS, is the {{wp|Intelligence agency|national intelligence agency}} of Albeinland, being responsible for {{wp|espionage}} and {{wp|counter-espionage}} activities. Since its foundation at the height of the [[Melasian Crisis]], the GCIS partnered with the [[DSA]] and [[Lavaria|Lavarian]] agencies under the [[BDTA]] against the [[Mageiros League]] and [[Perekovka Program]] in the [[Cold War (Aurorum)|Cold War]], shifting its main focus to {{wp|Terrorism|terrorist threats}} and {{wp|drug trafficking}} in the 21st century.


===Biodiversity===
===Foreign policy===
Albeinland has a diverse fauna and flora, sharing many species in common with another Lorecian countries. The Albish oak is considered the national tree due its high presence in the Alban Highlands, having a more darker log compared to a common oak and allowing the creation of houses and furnitures with its wood. In terms of fauna, the country has a series of mammals such as the {{wp|red fox|Albish fox}}, {{wp|red beers}}, {{wp|Red squirrell|squirrels}} and {{wp|Ferret|ferrets}}.
{{main|Foreign relations of Albeinland}}
<gallery mode=packed heights=110 style="font-size:88%;line-height:120%">
[[File:Bruxelles_-_Commission_Européenne_Berlaymont_(23191436909).jpg|thumb|left|200px|[[BDTA]] headquarters in Castelby.]]
File:2015_Swaledale_from_Kisdon_Hill.jpg|The Alban Highlands
[[Foreign relations of Albeinland|Albish foreign policy]] remained consistent over history, with its main focus being maintaining a {{wp|balance of power}} among [[Aurorum (region)|Berea]] while expanding its [[Albish colonial empire|colonial holdings]] to other continents. The country was a member of almost every major war in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries, standing against the [[Cuthland-Waldrich|Cuthish Empire]] on many occasions. Albeinland was one of the major combatants of the [[Great War (Aurorum)|Great War]] and fought alongside [[Mascylla]] and [[Lavaria]] against the [[Great War (Aurorum)|Kingsham Powers]], establishing one of the major alliances of the world under the BDTA. During the [[Cold War (Aurorum)|Cold War]], Albeinland clashed several times against the [[Mageiros League]] and the [[Perekovka Program]], with hostilities reaching its height in the 60s.
File:A_climber_nearing_the_top_of_No_5_Gulley_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1104524.jpg|A climber nearing the top of the Effing Pike
File:Clougha_heather.jpg|Landscape of central Cambria


File:Carn_Mor_Dearg_arete.jpg|The Apperlane Mountains
Today, Albeinland is considered to be a {{wp|regional power|regional}} and {{wp|great power}}, still managing to heavily influence the international geopolitical scenario. The country has deep ties, both politically, economically and militarily, with former colonies, especially [[Sileria]], through partnerships and alliances. Currently, Albeinland is a member of the [[Assembly of Nations]], the [[Berean Defence Treaty Association]], the [[Albish-Silerian Council]] and the [[Association of Albish States]].
</gallery>


==Politics==
===Government===
===Administrative regions===
===Law===
===Foreign Relations===
===Military===
===Military===
{{main|Albish Armed Forces}}
[[File:Trident_II_missile_image.jpg|thumb|left|200px|A [[Albish Army|XP-2 guided missile]].]]
[[File:Royal_Air_Force_Eurofighter_EF-2000_Typhoon_F2_Lofting-1.jpg|thumb|right|200px|generic plane name here]]
[[File:HMS_Queen_Elizabeth_(R08)_underway_during_trials_with_HMS_Sutherland_(F81)_and_HMS_Iron_Duke_(F234)_on_28_June_2017_(45162784).jpg|thumb|right|200px|An [[Albish Navy|Albish Navy]] task force in the Agric Ocean.]]
The [[Albish Armed Forces]] is one of the oldest institutions of Albeinland, established soon after its [[Magnanimous Revolution|unification]], and has as its {{wp|commander-in-chief}} the lord-protector, but is subordinated to the [[Cabinet of Albeinland|Secretary of Defence]] and its secretary. Currently, the armed forces is divided into three branches: the [[Albish Army|Army]], the [[Albish Navy|Navy]] and the [[Albish Air Force|Air Force]]. According to own military data, around 55,000 personnel, including active and reservist officers, make up the current Albish forces, one of the smallest of Beria. {{wp|Conscription}} was disbanded after the end of the [[Great War (Aurorum)|Great War]] in 1916.
The Army is the smallest of all branches, being comprising only by a defence force due to Albeinland's small territory, numbers which have been decreasing since the end of the [[Melasian Crisis]]. Due to its size, Albeinland has prioritized more the use of {{wp|commando units}} rather than conventional forces and, since the late-20th century, a series of {{wp|Mechanization|mechanization programs}} have begun in order to make a more modernized military.
The Navy is the biggest and most respected branch, with its origins coming from the [[Albish League]] in the {{wp|Middle Ages}}. Thanks to Albeinland's colonial empire and trade activities, the navy always has the flagship of the armed forces, being one of the biggest in the world. In modern times, the navy is considered to be a {{wp|Blue-water navy|blue-water}} one, exercising military operations around the world with the help of other major powers. The majority of its ships are {{wp|destroyers}} and {{wp|corvettes}}, plus a substantial amount of {{wp|aircraft carriers}}.
The air force is the most recent of all three branches, being created in 1919. It has about 350 manned aircraft in service, all of them in a relative state of modernization.
Albeinland is one of the few nations of the world that possesses {{wp|nuclear weapons}} after a [[Operation Whitehorse|joint Albish-Mascyllary program]] in the 60s, resulting in the [[WH-1]]. With the ascension of {{wp|Terrorism|worldwide terrorism}}, the armed forces shifted its main focus to its {{wp|Counter-terrorism|combat}}, partnering with other countries, especially BDTA members, against terrorist groups.
==Economy==
==Economy==
===Overview===
===Energy===
===Currency===
===Infrastructure===
===Tourism===
===Tourism===
===Science and technology===
 
===Agriculture===
==Demographics==
==Infrastructure==
===Population===
===Energy===
===Ethnic groups===
===Industry===
===Language===
===Transport===
===Religion===
===Health===
===Health===
===Education===
===Education===
==Demographics==
====Science====
===Ethnic composition===
===Urbanization===
===Religion===
 
===Languages===
===Metropolitan areas===
==Culture==
==Culture==
===Art===
===Architecture===
===Architecture===
===Music===
===Literature===
===Literature===
===Philosophy===
===Cuisine===
===Music===
===Cinema and theatre===
===Media===
===Media===
===Visual arts===
===Sports===
===Sports===
===Cuisine===
===Holidays===
 
==See also==
{{Albeinland topics}}
{{Albeinland topics}}
[[Category:Astyria]][[Category:Albeinland]]
[[Category:Albeinland]]

Latest revision as of 12:59, 13 May 2024

Commonwealth of Albeinland
Flag of Albeinland.png
Flag
Albeinland coa.png
Cockade
Motto: Domine, dirige nos (Cambran)
"O Lord, direct us"
Anthem: Battle Hymn of the Republic https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jy6AOGRsR80
Globo albeinland.png
Albeinland (green) in Berea (grey)
Alb map 1.png
Political map of Albeinland
Capital
and largest city
 Castelby
Ethnic groups
(2020)
87.9% White
7.2% Black
3.3% Pamiran
2.2% Mixed
0.1% Other
Religion
(2020)
88.2% Semitarism
-74.9% Cambran sect
-12.5% Nordic sect
-0.8% Erytheian sect
7.3% Irreligious
4.1% Iqlad
0.4% Other
Demonym(s)Albish
GovernmentFederal parliamentary republic
George Owen
Vincent Lloyd
LegislatureGeneral Assembly
• Upper house
State Council
• Lower house
House of Commons
Establishment
10 May 1583
13 November 1786
• BDTA
17 June 1944
Area
• Total
182,054 km2 (70,291 sq mi)
• Water (%)
0.6
Population
• 2020 census
6,472,318
• Density
35.5/km2 (91.9/sq mi)
GDP (nominal)2020 estimate
• Total
Increase $270.3 billion
• Per capita
Increase $41,764
Gini (2020)Negative increase 26.8
low
HDI (2020)Increase 0.924
very high
CurrencySterling (ALB, £)
Time zoneUTC+1 (Albish Central Time)
Calling code+16
Internet TLD.ab

Albeinland, officially the Commonwealth of Albeinland, is an insular country located on the continent of Beria, sharing a maritime boundary with Sileria to the northwest and having a coastline on the Arthurean Strait to the south, the Telmeric Sea to the north and the North Agric Ocean to the southwest. With 6,472,318 inhabitants and 182,054 km² (70,291 sq mi), Albeinland is one of the smallest countries of the world.

The current Albish territory is populated since the Paleolithic era, with the first Foranic peoples migrating to the region in the 5th century BCE. The island would be annexed by the Cambran Empire years later in 85 CE, becoming an important trade hub due to its strategic location in northwestern Beria. After the fall of the empire, Albeinland would fracture itself into various petty kingdoms and tribes, leaving the area open for a series of intensive Cuthish immigrations in the 3rd and 4th centuries. The Cuthish population consolidated themselves as the new regional elite, with a series of merchant republics, market guilds and college towns being established. The fragility of these states led to the creation of the Albish League at the end of the 9th century, leading to total domination over trade routes in the Telmeric Sea and Agric Ocean.

After the Albish defeat at the First Cutho-Albish War in 1582, a series of nationalist movements overthrew the previous maritime republics and unified them into the Commonwealth of Albeinland. The commonwealth saw the expansion of trade activities outside Beria with the creation of outposts in Pamira and Capthora, and established one of the first colonial empires of Aurorum. Internal disputes led to the end of the republic and the establishment of a monarchy in 1732, with the 18th century being known as a golden era as the country was at the centre of most philosophic and scientific discussions of the period. However, further political instability led to the Albish Spring in 1786, with a democratic republican government taking place.

The 1800s were marked by extensive colonial expansion and industrialization. Albeinland was one of the major combatants of the Great War, with its navy seeing action in every corner of the world. The end of the war led to the independence of former colonies, with decolonization happening gradually over the century. After the end of the Melasian Crisis, Albeinland was one of the founder-states, alongside Mascylla and Lavaria, of the Berean Defence Treaty Association, standing against the Mageiros League and the Perekovka Program in the Cold War. The country was severely hit in the general crisis of 1986, having been recovered since then.

Today, Albeinland is a developed country with a high-income economy, being regarded as one of the main colonial empires in history and having its language and culture present on every continent. Its capital and primate city is Castelby. The political framework is operated under a federal parliamentary republic with the Lord-Protector being the head of state while the Prime Minister is the head of government, and has as its national legislature the bicameral General Assembly, which has as its lower house the House of Commons and upper house the State Council. Given the nature of its political system, many specialists consider Albeinland to be a crowned republic. Currently, Albeinland is a member of the Assembly of Nations, the Berean Defence Treaty Association, the Albish-Silerian Council and the Association of Albish States.

Etymology

The name Albeinland means "land of the Albans." Although there isn’t any definitive certainty about the true origin of the term, the most accepted possibility is that this was an exonym used by Cambran and Erytherian merchants which originally meant white land, possibly due to the White Cliffs of Tyside.

Regarding its gentilic, the current official and most used version by the population is Albish. Although its variations Alban and Albian aren’t considered to be wrong, they are rarely used and seen as archaic.

History

Prehistory and antiquity

Albish League and Middle Ages

Commonwealth

Modern era

Contemporary era

Geography

Climate

Environment

Politics

Main article: Politics of Albeinland

Government

Main articles: Government of Albeinland, Cabinet of Albeinland, Lord-Protector of Albeinland, Prime Minister of Albeinland, and General Assembly of Albeinland
George Owen
George Owen,
Lord-Protector
Prime Minister Vincent Lloyd
Vincent Lloyd,
Prime Minister
New Luffton House, seat of the General Assembly.
9 Loegria Street, seat of the Prime Minister's Office.

Albeinland is a federal parliamentary republic, with the Lord-Protector being the head of state while the Prime Minister is the head of government. The executive is composed by the lord-protector, the prime minister and the cabinet. The Albish political system is operated under the Common Charter, which is the semi-codified constitution that, alongside other documents, treaties and conventions, sets the directives of the executive, legislative and judiciary.

The lord-protector is the highest elected member of the commonwealth, being elected by the General Assembly after the death or resignation of the previous holder of the office, assuming the position for the entire lifetime. Despite being ceremonial, it's the responsibility of the lord-protector to convoke general elections after being asked by the prime minister, appoint or dismiss the government and represent the country on the world stage, among others. The lord-protector is also the commander-in-chief of the armed forces and is expected to act as non-partisan. Given its nature, many specialists see the office as the same of a monarch.

The prime minister is responsible for lead the cabinet, which has its members drawn from the parliament, in a primus inter pares system, generally being the leader of the party with the majority of seats in the Assembly. The prime minister needs parliamentary accountability to govern and must resign or declare new elections if such accountability is lost.

The General Assembly is the national bicameral legislature of Albeinland, having as the lower house the House of Commons and upper house the State Council. The House of Commons is the most important house of parliament, being composed by 209 MPs elected through a first-past-the-post system for a renewable term of five years, while the State Council is composed by 25 unelected members for an unlimited term of office to represent the regions on a federal scale.

As an electoral democracy, Albeinland has a strong two-party system, with the centre-right United Conservative Party (UPC) and centre-left Progressive Republican League (PRL) alternating power since 1921. Other parties that have minor representation in politics are the Liberal Democratic Union, Green Party, Reform Party and the Free Radical Group.

Administrative divisions

Main article: Administrative divisions of Albeinland
Regions of Albeinland.

Albeinland has a complex and ancient system of national subdivisions that is dated from centuries ago. As a federal state, the country is subdivided into 5 regions: Avigneshire, Bedfordshire, Cliffordshire, Lencester and Greater Castelby, the last one only comprised by the capital city of Castelby, with each one having its executive, legislative and judiciary as established by law. The local government is headed by the first minister, which is elected in a similar way to the prime minister in the federal level, with the legislative being led by local authorities and the judiciary by regional courts. The second tier of administrative divisions is the counties, which are divided into metropolitan counties for urban areas and non-metropolitan counties for small towns and rural fields. The counties are led by a mayor and have its legislature composed by local councils.

Although being listed as a region, Castelby has a different political system due to its special status as capital and the fact that is composed by a single city. The city's executive is led by a mayor akin to a county, the difference being that it is directly elected by the population. The legislative, in turn, is made by the Castelby City Council, which acts as the local legislature alongside local councils for its boroughs, while the judiciary still follows the same national procedures.

Judiciary and law enforcement

Main articles: Judiciary of Albeinland and Law enforcement in Albeinland
Headquarters of the Albish Police Service.
The High Court of Justice.
A mounted APS officer.

The Albish judicial system is entirely based on the common law and has as its Magna Carta the Common Charter, which was promulgated months after the Albish Spring in 1786. The Common Charter, despite being known as the national constitution, is one of the several laws, treaties and conventions that are used for setting the directives of the state, being part of the semi-codified Constitution of Albeinland. The highest national court is the High Court of Justice, which is both a court of last resort and a constitutional court. Regions and counties are allowed to have their legislation and constitutions, but they must respect federal law.

Law enforcement is carried out by different entities and institutions, all of them within the Secretary of Home Affairs. The main law enforcement agency is the Albish Police Service, which acts as a preventive, detective and forensic police force. The APS is directly controlled by the Federal Government with the participation and assistance of regional and county governments. Other law enforcement agencies are the National Gendarmerie Force, which is used in cases of national unrests, protests and attacks, and the Metropolitan Police Service, which is the police force of Castelby and its metropolitan area. Most of the Albish police forces don't carry firearms, with only exclusive groups being allowed to use them.

According to national and international reportings, Albeinland has a homicide rate of 9.7 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, considered to be within the recommended average of 10 deaths per 100,000 people. Capital punishment was abolished in 1962. State penitentiaries are also a responsibility of the home secretary under the Public Penintenciaries Service, being in average levels of occupation without any overcrowding issues.

The General Commonwealth Intelligence Service, also known by its abbreviation GCIS, is the national intelligence agency of Albeinland, being responsible for espionage and counter-espionage activities. Since its foundation at the height of the Melasian Crisis, the GCIS partnered with the DSA and Lavarian agencies under the BDTA against the Mageiros League and Perekovka Program in the Cold War, shifting its main focus to terrorist threats and drug trafficking in the 21st century.

Foreign policy

Main article: Foreign relations of Albeinland
BDTA headquarters in Castelby.

Albish foreign policy remained consistent over history, with its main focus being maintaining a balance of power among Berea while expanding its colonial holdings to other continents. The country was a member of almost every major war in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries, standing against the Cuthish Empire on many occasions. Albeinland was one of the major combatants of the Great War and fought alongside Mascylla and Lavaria against the Kingsham Powers, establishing one of the major alliances of the world under the BDTA. During the Cold War, Albeinland clashed several times against the Mageiros League and the Perekovka Program, with hostilities reaching its height in the 60s.

Today, Albeinland is considered to be a regional and great power, still managing to heavily influence the international geopolitical scenario. The country has deep ties, both politically, economically and militarily, with former colonies, especially Sileria, through partnerships and alliances. Currently, Albeinland is a member of the Assembly of Nations, the Berean Defence Treaty Association, the Albish-Silerian Council and the Association of Albish States.

Military

Main article: Albish Armed Forces
A XP-2 guided missile.
generic plane name here
An Albish Navy task force in the Agric Ocean.

The Albish Armed Forces is one of the oldest institutions of Albeinland, established soon after its unification, and has as its commander-in-chief the lord-protector, but is subordinated to the Secretary of Defence and its secretary. Currently, the armed forces is divided into three branches: the Army, the Navy and the Air Force. According to own military data, around 55,000 personnel, including active and reservist officers, make up the current Albish forces, one of the smallest of Beria. Conscription was disbanded after the end of the Great War in 1916.

The Army is the smallest of all branches, being comprising only by a defence force due to Albeinland's small territory, numbers which have been decreasing since the end of the Melasian Crisis. Due to its size, Albeinland has prioritized more the use of commando units rather than conventional forces and, since the late-20th century, a series of mechanization programs have begun in order to make a more modernized military.

The Navy is the biggest and most respected branch, with its origins coming from the Albish League in the Middle Ages. Thanks to Albeinland's colonial empire and trade activities, the navy always has the flagship of the armed forces, being one of the biggest in the world. In modern times, the navy is considered to be a blue-water one, exercising military operations around the world with the help of other major powers. The majority of its ships are destroyers and corvettes, plus a substantial amount of aircraft carriers.

The air force is the most recent of all three branches, being created in 1919. It has about 350 manned aircraft in service, all of them in a relative state of modernization.

Albeinland is one of the few nations of the world that possesses nuclear weapons after a joint Albish-Mascyllary program in the 60s, resulting in the WH-1. With the ascension of worldwide terrorism, the armed forces shifted its main focus to its combat, partnering with other countries, especially BDTA members, against terrorist groups.

Economy

Energy

Infrastructure

Tourism

Demographics

Population

Ethnic groups

Language

Religion

Health

Education

Science

Urbanization

Culture

Architecture

Music

Literature

Cuisine

Cinema and theatre

Media

Visual arts

Sports

Holidays

See also

Retrieved from "https://iiwiki.us/mediawiki/index.php?title=Albeinland&oldid=801528"