Duke of Alba: Difference between revisions
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| creation_date = <!-- {{date|1 Dec 2018|dmy}}--> {{date|11 Sept 1869|dmy}} | | creation_date = <!-- {{date|1 Dec 2018|dmy}}--> {{date|11 Sept 1869|dmy}} | ||
| creation = <!-- | | creation = <!--8th creation-->7th creation | ||
| monarch = <!--[[Constantine XX of Latium|Emperor Constantine XX]]-->[[Theophylactus I Augustus|Emperor Theophylactus I Augustus]] | | monarch = <!--[[Constantine XX of Latium|Emperor Constantine XX]]-->[[Theophylactus I Augustus|Emperor Theophylactus I Augustus]] | ||
| peerage = [[Peerages in Latium|Peerage of Latium]] | | peerage = [[Peerages in Latium|Peerage of Latium]] | ||
| first_holder = [[John XIII of Latium|Prince John]] | | first_holder = [[John XIII of Latium|Prince John]] | ||
| last_holder =[[John XIII of Latium|Prince John]] | | last_holder =[[John XIII of Latium|Prince John]] | ||
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| status = Extinct – Merged with the Crown on succeeding as [[John XIII of Latium|John XIII]] | | status = Extinct – Merged with the Crown on succeeding as [[John XIII of Latium|John XIII]] | ||
| extinction_date = {{date|11 Jun 1897|dmy}} | | extinction_date = {{date|11 Jun 1897|dmy}} | ||
}} | }} | ||
The '''Duke of Ostia''' was a {{wp|substantive title}} awarded to members of the [[ | The '''Duke of Ostia''' was a {{wp|substantive title}} awarded to members of the [[Latin Imperial Family]]. The title has been created seven times, on six occasions to Latin princes, and once to an {{wp|Legitimacy (family law)|illegitimate}} child of a Monarch. It takes its name from the town of Ostia in south-central [[Latium]]. | ||
The Dukedom was first created in 991 when it was conferred upon [[John of Ostia, 1st Duke of Ostia|John of Ostia]], the {{wp|Legitimacy (family law)|illegitimate}} child of [[John II of Latium|Emperor John II]]. The line of John of Ostia would eventually become the Imperial line of Latium with the reign of [[Theodosius I of Latium|Emperor Theodosius I]] in 1052, when the title became extinct and merged into the Crown. The third creation came in 1289, when [[Prince Constantine, Duke of Ostia|Prince Constantine]] was conferred the second creation of the Dukedom after his marriage to PLACEHOLDER. The third creation to Prince Constantine also included the subsidiary title of Lord of Pistoria. The most recent creation as on 11 September 1869, when it was granted to [[John XIII of Latium|Prince John]] to mark the occasion of his marriage to [[Alexandra of Ghant]]. He was also created Count of Blachernae, Lord of Hispellum, and Lord of Pistoria. | The Dukedom was first created in 991 when it was conferred upon [[John of Ostia, 1st Duke of Ostia|John of Ostia]], the {{wp|Legitimacy (family law)|illegitimate}} child of [[John II of Latium|Emperor John II]]. The line of John of Ostia would eventually become the Imperial line of Latium with the reign of [[Theodosius I of Latium|Emperor Theodosius I]] in 1052, when the title became extinct and merged into the Crown. The third creation came in 1289, when [[Prince Constantine, Duke of Ostia|Prince Constantine]] was conferred the second creation of the Dukedom after his marriage to PLACEHOLDER. The third creation to Prince Constantine also included the subsidiary title of Lord of Pistoria. The most recent creation as on 11 September 1869, when it was granted to [[John XIII of Latium|Prince John]] to mark the occasion of his marriage to [[Alexandra of Ghant]]. He was also created Count of Blachernae, Lord of Hispellum, and Lord of Pistoria. | ||
An eighth creation has been planned for [[Leo of Ghant and Latium|Prince Leo of Ghant and Latium]], which was announced in the 2016 will of [[Jason VI Augustus of Latium|Emperor Jason VI Augustus]]. While the Imperial Household generally does not indicate if titles will be recreated and granted, it is widely believed that Prince Leo will be conferred the sixth creation upon his marriage. | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
A title associated with Ostia first arose in the 4th century with the Lord Palatinate of Ostia, which was a non-hereditary title held by the Praetorian Prefect of Latium; this Lord Palatinate fell out of use by the 7th century. In 970, a mistress to [[John II of Latium|Latin Emperor John II]] gave birth to a son in the town of Ostia, located southwest of [[Castellum]] and the Imperial capital. John II acknowledged and later took the boy, also named John, into the Imperial house. John of Ostia, as he came to be known, was granted the Dukedom of Ostia in 991 by Emperor John II. He held the title and passed it on to his son, and the creation of the [[House of Ostia]]. The Ostians were prominent figures in Latin imperial court life, given prominent positions both in the reign of John II and his successor, [[Constantine XIII of Latium|Constantine XIII]]. John of Ostia, and his family, were eventually expelled from Latium proper during the reign of [[Maria Augusta of Latium|Empress Maria Augusta]], who reportedly held a disdain for the illegitimate line. | A title associated with Ostia first arose in the 4th century with the Lord Palatinate of Ostia, which was a non-hereditary title held by the Praetorian Prefect of Latium; this Lord Palatinate fell out of use by the 7th century. In 970, a mistress to [[John II of Latium|Latin Emperor John II]] gave birth to a son in the town of Ostia, located southwest of [[Castellum]] and the Imperial capital. John II acknowledged and later took the boy, also named John, into the Imperial house. John of Ostia, as he came to be known, was granted the Dukedom of Ostia in 991 by Emperor John II. He held the title and passed it on to his son, and the creation of the [[House of Ostia]]. The Ostians were prominent figures in Latin imperial court life, given prominent positions both in the reign of John II and his successor, [[Constantine XIII of Latium|Constantine XIII]]. John of Ostia, and his family, were eventually expelled from Latium proper during the reign of [[Maria Augusta of Latium|Empress Maria Augusta]], who reportedly held a disdain for the illegitimate line. | ||
The House of Ostia would eventually come into the Latin throne during the [[Crisis of the 11th Century]], which saw the Latins lose territory across Belisaria and Scipia to native states and invading forces. [[Theodosius I of Latium|Theodosius of Ostia, 3rd Duke of Ostia]] became [[Monarchy of Latium|Latin Emperor]] in 1052. Emperor Theodosius I would recreate the Dukedom and bestow it upon his second son, Alexander, in 1077. The Dukedom of Ostia has been created | The House of Ostia would eventually come into the Latin throne during the [[Crisis of the 11th Century]], which saw the Latins lose territory across Belisaria and Scipia to native states and invading forces. [[Theodosius I of Latium|Theodosius of Ostia, 3rd Duke of Ostia]] became [[Monarchy of Latium|Latin Emperor]] in 1052. Emperor Theodosius I would recreate the Dukedom and bestow it upon his second son, Alexander, in 1077. The Dukedom of Ostia has been created seven times in total, and has been extinct since the title merged into the Crown upon the succession of [[John XIII of Latium|Prince John]] as Emperor in 1897. | ||
==Dukes of Ostia== | ==Dukes of Ostia== | ||
===First creation=== | ===First creation=== | ||
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| '''[[Prince Alexander, Duke of Ostia|Prince Alexander]]'''<br>[[House of Ostia]]<br> 1077–1088<br> ''<small>also: [[#Subsidiary titles|Lord of Velia]] (1077)</small>'' | | '''[[Prince Alexander, Duke of Ostia|Prince Alexander]]'''<br>[[House of Ostia]]<br> 1077–1088<br> ''<small>also: [[#Subsidiary titles|Lord of Velia]] (1077)</small>'' | ||
| [[file:Berenguer_el_Gran_P1210429.jpg|100px]] | | [[file:Berenguer_el_Gran_P1210429.jpg|100px]] | ||
| 3 October 1055<br>Galata, [[ | | 3 October 1055<br>Galata, [[Ascanium]]<br>son of [[Theodosius I of Latium|Emperor Theodosius I]] and Maria Aurelia | ||
| 20 August 1080<br> Silvia Rouanti<br>3 children | | 20 August 1080<br> Silvia Rouanti<br>3 children | ||
| 29 May 1088 <br> [[Rhenus]]<br>aged 34 | | 29 May 1088 <br> [[Rhenus]]<br>aged 34 | ||
| Line 79: | Line 67: | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Third creation=== | ===Third creation=== | ||
{{Nobility table header|name=Duke}} | |||
| '''[[Andreas III of Latium|Prince Andreas]]'''<br>[[House of Ostia]]<br> 1077–1088<br> ''<small>also: [[#Subsidiary titles|Lord of Velia]] (1160)</small>'' | |||
| [[file:JulianusII-antioch(360-363)-CNG.jpg|100px]] | |||
| 8 December 1152<br>Fabria<br>son of [[Leo VII of Latium|Emperor Leo VII]] and [[Agnes Aemelia|Empress Agnes]] | |||
| 12 June 1171<br> PLACEHOLDER<br>6 children | |||
| 28 March 1198 <br> [[Ascanium|Palatium Sacrum]]<br>aged 45 | |||
|- | |||
| colspan=5|'' Prince Andreas succeeded as '''Andreas III''' in 1166 upon [[John III of Latium|his brother's]] death, and his titles merged into the Crown.'' | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
===Fourth creation=== | |||
{{Nobility table header|name=Duke}} | {{Nobility table header|name=Duke}} | ||
| '''[[Prince Constantine, Duke of Ostia|Prince Constantine]]'''<br>[[House of Ostia]]<br>1292–1308<br> ''<small>also: [[#Subsidiary titles|Lord of Pistoria]] (1292)</small>'' | | '''[[Prince Constantine, Duke of Ostia|Prince Constantine]]'''<br>[[House of Ostia]]<br>1292–1308<br> ''<small>also: [[#Subsidiary titles|Lord of Pistoria]] (1292)</small>'' | ||
| [[file:Bruges basilica Philip of Flanders.JPG|100px]] | | [[file:Bruges basilica Philip of Flanders.JPG|100px]] | ||
| 6 July 1266<br>[[ | | 6 July 1266<br>[[Ascanium|Palace of Porphyrogenitus]], [[Ascanium]]<br>son of [[Theodora I of Latium|Empress Theodora I]] and PLACEHOLDER | ||
| 25 October 1292<br> PLACEHOLDER<br>2 children | | 25 October 1292<br> PLACEHOLDER<br>2 children | ||
|29 May 1308 <br >Velia, [[Castellum ab Alba]]<br>aged 42 | |29 May 1308 <br >Velia, [[Castellum ab Alba]]<br>aged 42 | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== | |||
===Fifth creation=== | |||
{{Nobility table header|name=Duke}} | |||
| '''[[Theodorus II of Latium|Prince Theodorus]]'''<br>[[House of Visellius]]<br> 1391–1409<br> ''<small>also: [[#Subsidiary titles|Lord of Velia]] (1391)</small>'' | |||
| [[file:L Calpurnius Piso Pontifex MAN Napoli Inv5601.jpg|100px]] | |||
| 7 February 1375<br>[[Ascanium|Palatium Sacrum]], [[Ascanium]]<br>son of [[Leo VIII of Latium|Emperor Leo VIII]] and PLACEHOLDER | |||
| 22 April 1413<br> [[Agnes of Audonia]]<br>5 children | |||
| 7 February 1432 <br> [[Leonopolis]]<br>aged 57 | |||
|- | |||
| colspan=5|'' Prince Theodorus succeeded as '''Theodorus II''' in 1166 upon [[John IV of Latium|his brother's]] death, and his titles merged into the Crown.'' | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
===Sixth creation=== | |||
{{Nobility table header|name=Duke}} | {{Nobility table header|name=Duke}} | ||
| '''[[Prince Arcadius, Duke of Ostia|Prince Arcadius]]'''<br>[[House of Aemilius]]<br> 1699– 1741<br> ''<small>also: [[#Subsidiary titles|Lord of Velia]] (1077)</small>'' | | '''[[Prince Arcadius, Duke of Ostia|Prince Arcadius]]'''<br>[[House of Aemilius]]<br> 1699– 1741<br> ''<small>also: [[#Subsidiary titles|Lord of Velia]] (1077) and [[#Subsidiary titles|Lord of Pistoria]]</small>'' | ||
| [[file:Joseph Wright - Portrait of General Giles - Google Art Project.jpg|100px]] | | [[file:Joseph Wright - Portrait of General Giles - Google Art Project.jpg|100px]] | ||
| 3 October 1662<br>[[ | | 3 October 1662<br>[[Ascanium|Palace of Porphyrogenitus]], [[Ascanium]]<br>son of [[John IX of Latium|Emperor John IX]] and [[María Victoria Sáenz de Monclova|Empress Maria Victoria]] | ||
| 20 August 1686<br>PLACEHOLDER<br>2 children | | 20 August 1686<br>PLACEHOLDER<br>2 children | ||
| 29 May 1721 <br> [[Durnovaria]]<br>aged 59 | | 29 May 1721 <br> [[Durnovaria]]<br>aged 59 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== | ===Seventh creation=== | ||
{{Nobility table header|name=Duke}} | {{Nobility table header|name=Duke}} | ||
| '''[[John XIII of Latium|Prince John]]'''<br>[[House of Anicius]]<br>1869–1897<br> ''<small>also: [[#Subsidiary titles|Count of Blachernae]], [[#Subsidiary titles|Lord of Hispellum]] and [[#Subsidiary titles|Lord of Pistoria]] (1869); [[Prince of Youth]] (1846), Duke of Galata, and Duke of Alba</small>'' | | '''[[John XIII of Latium|Prince John]]'''<br>[[House of Anicius]]<br>1869–1897<br> ''<small>also: [[#Subsidiary titles|Count of Blachernae]], [[#Subsidiary titles|Lord of Hispellum]] and [[#Subsidiary titles|Lord of Pistoria]] (1869); [[Prince of Youth]] (1846), Duke of Galata, and Duke of Alba</small>'' | ||
Revision as of 01:45, 23 January 2019
| Dukedom of Ostia | |
|---|---|
| Creation date | 11 September 1869 |
| Creation | 7th creation |
| Monarch | Emperor Theophylactus I Augustus |
| Peerage | Peerage of Latium |
| First holder | Prince John |
| Last holder | Prince John |
| Remainder to | the 1st Duke's heirs male of the body lawfully begotten |
| Subsidiary titles |
|
| Status | Extinct – Merged with the Crown on succeeding as John XIII |
| Extinction date | 11 June 1897 |
The Duke of Ostia was a substantive title awarded to members of the Latin Imperial Family. The title has been created seven times, on six occasions to Latin princes, and once to an illegitimate child of a Monarch. It takes its name from the town of Ostia in south-central Latium.
The Dukedom was first created in 991 when it was conferred upon John of Ostia, the illegitimate child of Emperor John II. The line of John of Ostia would eventually become the Imperial line of Latium with the reign of Emperor Theodosius I in 1052, when the title became extinct and merged into the Crown. The third creation came in 1289, when Prince Constantine was conferred the second creation of the Dukedom after his marriage to PLACEHOLDER. The third creation to Prince Constantine also included the subsidiary title of Lord of Pistoria. The most recent creation as on 11 September 1869, when it was granted to Prince John to mark the occasion of his marriage to Alexandra of Ghant. He was also created Count of Blachernae, Lord of Hispellum, and Lord of Pistoria.
An eighth creation has been planned for Prince Leo of Ghant and Latium, which was announced in the 2016 will of Emperor Jason VI Augustus. While the Imperial Household generally does not indicate if titles will be recreated and granted, it is widely believed that Prince Leo will be conferred the sixth creation upon his marriage.
History
A title associated with Ostia first arose in the 4th century with the Lord Palatinate of Ostia, which was a non-hereditary title held by the Praetorian Prefect of Latium; this Lord Palatinate fell out of use by the 7th century. In 970, a mistress to Latin Emperor John II gave birth to a son in the town of Ostia, located southwest of Castellum and the Imperial capital. John II acknowledged and later took the boy, also named John, into the Imperial house. John of Ostia, as he came to be known, was granted the Dukedom of Ostia in 991 by Emperor John II. He held the title and passed it on to his son, and the creation of the House of Ostia. The Ostians were prominent figures in Latin imperial court life, given prominent positions both in the reign of John II and his successor, Constantine XIII. John of Ostia, and his family, were eventually expelled from Latium proper during the reign of Empress Maria Augusta, who reportedly held a disdain for the illegitimate line.
The House of Ostia would eventually come into the Latin throne during the Crisis of the 11th Century, which saw the Latins lose territory across Belisaria and Scipia to native states and invading forces. Theodosius of Ostia, 3rd Duke of Ostia became Latin Emperor in 1052. Emperor Theodosius I would recreate the Dukedom and bestow it upon his second son, Alexander, in 1077. The Dukedom of Ostia has been created seven times in total, and has been extinct since the title merged into the Crown upon the succession of Prince John as Emperor in 1897.
Dukes of Ostia
First creation
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John of Ostia House of Ostia 991–1037 also: Lord of Velia (991) |
_01.jpg)
|
25 February 970 Ostia son of Emperor John II and Fausta |
3 March 999 Maria Claudia 5 children |
18 April 1037 Palatine, Castellum ab Alba aged 67 |
| Leo of Ostia House of Ostia 1037–1044 also: Lord of Velia (1037) |
|
1 August 1000 Castellum ab Alba son of John of Ostia and Duchess Maria |
14 May 1023 PLACEHOLDER 2 children |
4 December 1044 Sydalon aged 44 |
| Theodosius of Ostia House of Ostia 1044–1052 also: Lord of Velia (1044) |
<imgur w="100">YiK4uGP.png</imgur> | 3 March 1025 Ostia son of Leo of Ostia and PLACEHOLDER |
18 June 1049 Maria Aurelia 5 children 20 September 1069 PLACEHOLDER 1 child |
28 August 1080 Castellum ab Alba aged 55 |
| Theodosius of Ostia succeeded as Theodosius I in 1052 as a result of the civil wars of the 11th century, and his titles merged into the Crown. | ||||
Second creation
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prince Alexander House of Ostia 1077–1088 also: Lord of Velia (1077) |
|
3 October 1055 Galata, Ascanium son of Emperor Theodosius I and Maria Aurelia |
20 August 1080 Silvia Rouanti 3 children |
29 May 1088 Rhenus aged 34 |
Third creation
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prince Andreas House of Ostia 1077–1088 also: Lord of Velia (1160) |
-CNG.jpg)
|
8 December 1152 Fabria son of Emperor Leo VII and Empress Agnes |
12 June 1171 PLACEHOLDER 6 children |
28 March 1198 Palatium Sacrum aged 45 |
| Prince Andreas succeeded as Andreas III in 1166 upon his brother's death, and his titles merged into the Crown. | ||||
Fourth creation
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prince Constantine House of Ostia 1292–1308 also: Lord of Pistoria (1292) |
|
6 July 1266 Palace of Porphyrogenitus, Ascanium son of Empress Theodora I and PLACEHOLDER |
25 October 1292 PLACEHOLDER 2 children |
29 May 1308 Velia, Castellum ab Alba aged 42 |
| Prince Andreas House of Ostia 1308–1331 also: Lord of Pistoria (1308) |
6 July 1298 Velia, Castellum ab Alba son of Prince Constantine and Princess PLACEHOLDER |
2 May 1292 PLACEHOLDER 2 children |
21 January 1331 Velia, Castellum ab Alba aged 33 | |
| Prince Andreas had two children by his wife, PLACEHOLDER, both of whom predeceased him, though he had two illegitimate sons by his mistress, NAME, who were ineligible to succeed him. | ||||
Fifth creation
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prince Theodorus House of Visellius 1391–1409 also: Lord of Velia (1391) |
|
7 February 1375 Palatium Sacrum, Ascanium son of Emperor Leo VIII and PLACEHOLDER |
22 April 1413 Agnes of Audonia 5 children |
7 February 1432 Leonopolis aged 57 |
| Prince Theodorus succeeded as Theodorus II in 1166 upon his brother's death, and his titles merged into the Crown. | ||||
Sixth creation
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prince Arcadius House of Aemilius 1699– 1741 also: Lord of Velia (1077) and Lord of Pistoria |
|
3 October 1662 Palace of Porphyrogenitus, Ascanium son of Emperor John IX and Empress Maria Victoria |
20 August 1686 PLACEHOLDER 2 children |
29 May 1721 Durnovaria aged 59 |
Seventh creation
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prince John House of Anicius 1869–1897 also: Count of Blachernae, Lord of Hispellum and Lord of Pistoria (1869); Prince of Youth (1846), Duke of Galata, and Duke of Alba |
|
15 March 1849 Villa Theophylacti, Insula Ceos son of Emperor Theophylactus I Augustus and Empress Galara |
11 September 1869 Alexandra of Ghant 4 children |
9 June 1925 St Silvester Hospital, Ravenna aged 76 |
| Prince John succeeded as John XIII in 1891 upon his father's death, and his titles merged into the Crown. | ||||
Future creations
In November 2016, Emperor Jason VI Augustus passed away and in his will announced his intent to recreate the Dukedom of Ostia, and confer it upon his nephew, Prince Leo of Ghant, once he married. The current Emperor Constantine XX is under no legal obligation to recreate the Dukedom, but due to his close friendship with Prince Leo, it is expected that Leo will be conferred the Dukedom of Ostia once he marries.