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'''East Riziland''' ({{wp|Shona language|weRwizi}}: ''Kumabvazuva kweRwizikuru''), or '''Mabvazuva''' was a district in [[Rwizikuru]], situated east of the districts of [[Sangoguru kuchamhembe]], [[Sangoguru kumaodzanyemba]], and [[Chekumabvazuva (district)|Chekumabvazuva]], north of the [[Banfura Sea]], west of the sovereign state [[Tabora]] (pre-1952 [[Silberküste]]), and south of [[Habasha]], which existed from the end of the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]] in 1936, until the independence of [[Garambura]] following the end of the [[Garamburan War of Independence]] in 1969. | '''East Riziland''' ({{wp|Shona language|weRwizi}}: ''Kumabvazuva kweRwizikuru''), or '''Mabvazuva''' was a district in [[Rwizikuru]], situated east of the districts of [[Sangoguru kuchamhembe]], [[Sangoguru kumaodzanyemba]], and [[Chekumabvazuva (district)|Chekumabvazuva]], north of the [[Banfura Sea]], west of the sovereign state [[Tabora]] (pre-1952 [[Silberküste]]), and south of [[Habasha]], which existed from the end of the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]] in 1936, until the independence of [[Garambura]] following the end of the [[Garamburan War of Independence]] in 1969. | ||
(TBC) | The territory was carved out of [[Baséland]] by the Estmerish, with areas in the north being transferred to Habasha, with East Riziland being attached to the colony of Riziland. This policy was maintained despite the opposition of the local population, who favoured a separate independence for East Riziland, as opposed to the Estmerish and Rwizikuran nationalists, who favoured granting the entire colony independence. | ||
In 1946, East Riziland became part of the newly-sovereign state of Rwizikuru, and was renamed the following year to the District of Mabvazuva. During this period... (TBC) | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
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===Republican era=== | ===Republican era=== | ||
[[File:Central_Dacca_in_East_Pakistan.jpg|250px|thumb|right|[[Sainte-Germaine]], c. 1963]] | |||
With the official independence of [[Rwizikuru]] from [[Estmere]] on 2 December, 1946, East Riziland became a district of Rwizikuru, with [[Geoff Simmons]] being succeeded by [[Nzou Bescond]] as Administrator ({{wp|Shona language|weRwizi}}: ''mukuru'') of the district. | |||
In February 1947, East Riziland was renamed to the District of Mabvazuva, in an act that renamed almost all districts in the country to their native {{wp|Shona language|weRwizi}} names. However, municipal names were unchanged, as the [[National Assembly of Rwizikuru|National Assembly]] felt that it was inappropriate to rename cities. | |||
Under the first term of [[President of Rwizikuru|President]] [[Samhuri Ngonidzashe]], the Rwizikuran government continued investing in infrastructure, with a motorway being built to connect [[Sainte-Germaine]] with [[Port Fitzhubert]], where the motorway would continue on to [[Port Tsalar|Port Vaugeois]] (present-day [[Port Tsalar]], [[Mabifia]]), as well as developing a national radio network (the [[NMR]]). However, most of the government's efforts of investment in East Riziland were mostly centred on Sainte-Germaine, with other communities receiving very little attention at all, leading to alienation from the central government in Port Fitzhubert. | |||
These feelings only increased during the second term of Samhuri Ngonidzashe, as the [[Yekumavirira Liberation Movement]] posed an urgent threat to the stability of Rwizikuru. This forced the central government to not pay as much attention to East Riziland, which only further increased the alienation of the local population from Rwizikuru's government. In addition, with increasing authoritarianism in Rwizikuru, exemplified by the expulsion of opposition legislators from the National Assembly in 1951, many in East Riziland were feeling disenchanted with the political system in Rwizikuru. | |||
Thus, in the 1954 elections, East Riziland was a strong hotbed of support for [[Isaac Mnkandla]], with Mnkandla's supporters taking most of the seats allocated to East Riziland, with only one seat being taken by the supporters of the government. | |||
Under the presidency of [[Izibongo Ngonidzashe]], policies remained largely the same as they had been under his father's second term, as he focused on efforts to try and integrate [[Yekumavirira]] into Rwizikuru. This meant that little attention was paid towards East Riziland, which only increased tensions. At around this time, [[Kuziva Midzi]] became a prominent figure among East Riziland, as he advocated for the interests of East Riziland to be "given increased attention." | |||
However, with growing authoritarianism by Izibongo Ngonidzashe, exemplified when he extended terms from four to five years, and rigged the 1959 elections so that the government won all the seats in the National Assembly, people in East Riziland waged protests against the central government's increasing authoritarianism, with around 100,000 protesters in Sainte-Germaine alone. These protests were tolerated, but were largely ignored, especially as the government was more concerned with Yekumavirira. | |||
Thus, beginning in the early 1960s, insurgencies began to take root in rural East Riziland, as the government had been ignoring the demands of the population of East Riziland, as the government was investing more energy into containing the Yekumavirian Liberation Movement. At around the same time, the economy of Rwizikuru began declining, as the central government implemented policies which were meant to ensure that "any development truly benefits the people of Rwizikuru, and not the elites in [[Ashcombe]]." However, these policies led to many foreign businesses leaving the country, which only made things worse for the people of East Riziland. | |||
By 1964, with [[Izibongo Ngonidzashe]] reaching his maximum term limits under the [[Constitution of Rwizikuru, 1946|Rwizikuran constitution]], he decided to replace them with a [[Basic Law of Rwizikuru|Basic Law]], which enshrined Rwizikuru as an {{wp|absolute monarchy}}, with himself as the first [[Monarchy of Rwizikuru|Mambo]]. | |||
===Monarchist era=== | ===Monarchist era=== |
Revision as of 23:37, 1 February 2020
District of East Riziland District of Mabvazuva Dunhu reMabvazuva | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1936–1969 | |||||||||
Coat of arms
| |||||||||
Status | Estmerish colony (1936-1946) District of Rwizikuru (1946-1969) | ||||||||
Common languages | weRwizi, Sisulu, Njinji, Gaullican, Estmerish | ||||||||
Religion | Sotirianity | ||||||||
Demonym(s) | East Rizilander Mabvazuvan | ||||||||
Governor/President/Mambo | |||||||||
• 1936–1946 | TBD | ||||||||
• 1946–1954 | Samhuri Ngonidzashe | ||||||||
• 1954–1969 | Izibongo Ngonidzashe | ||||||||
Administrator/Mukuru | |||||||||
• 1936–1946 | Geoff Simmons (first) | ||||||||
• 1966–1969 | Tanunurwa Rugeje (last) | ||||||||
Historical era | Great Game | ||||||||
• Occupied by Estmere | 20 February 1936 | ||||||||
30 April 1969 | |||||||||
Population | |||||||||
• 1961 | TBD | ||||||||
Currency | Riziland shilling (1936-1946) Rwizikuran nhovodiki (1946-1969) | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Today part of | Garambura |
East Riziland (weRwizi: Kumabvazuva kweRwizikuru), or Mabvazuva was a district in Rwizikuru, situated east of the districts of Sangoguru kuchamhembe, Sangoguru kumaodzanyemba, and Chekumabvazuva, north of the Banfura Sea, west of the sovereign state Tabora (pre-1952 Silberküste), and south of Habasha, which existed from the end of the Great War in 1936, until the independence of Garambura following the end of the Garamburan War of Independence in 1969.
The territory was carved out of Baséland by the Estmerish, with areas in the north being transferred to Habasha, with East Riziland being attached to the colony of Riziland. This policy was maintained despite the opposition of the local population, who favoured a separate independence for East Riziland, as opposed to the Estmerish and Rwizikuran nationalists, who favoured granting the entire colony independence.
In 1946, East Riziland became part of the newly-sovereign state of Rwizikuru, and was renamed the following year to the District of Mabvazuva. During this period... (TBC)
History
Estmerish rule
On 20 February, 1936, with the end of the Great War, Estmere formally took over most of Baséland from Gaullica, with the remainder being ceded to Habasha. The portions of Baséland that Estmere took control became part of their colony of Riziland, where it became the District of East Riziland, with the first Estmerish administrator of the district being Geoff Simmons.
During this period, railway and telegraph links between Sainte-Germaine were built to connect it to Port Fitzhubert and the rest of the Rizilander railway and telegraph systems, while most aid sent to East Riziland fell into the hands of Sainte-Germaine, allowing Sainte-Germaine to become the most dominant city in the region, at the expense of other cities like (TBD).
However, tensions began to rise between the residents of East Riziland, and the colonial administration, as residents of East Riziland wanted independence separate from that of the rest of the country, while the Rwizikuran National Movement sought independence for the entire colony, including East Riziland and Olongaland.
Thus, in 1941, East Riziland, like the rest of Riziland was granted limited self-government by Estmere. However, opposition due to its composition (eight whites and eight natives) hindered participation, while many nationalists in East Riziland also opposed the integration of East Riziland into the colony. Thus, over the next few years, tensions grew, escalating into the protests in Sainte-Germaine in 1944 with around 250,000 people protesting East Riziland's inclusion in Riziland.
Despite the protests, Estmere refused to grant their demands of a separate colony, with Simmons arguing that dividing the colony would only lead to "more violence between Bahians." This meant that East Riziland participated in the 1945 legislative elections, with many native voters voting in the Rwizikuran National Movement, as they believed that the only way to end colonial rule was to vote in the Rwizikuran National Movement.
After negotiations for independence by the Rwizikuran National Movement, East Riziland was granted independence on 2 December, 1946, as the easternmost district of the Republic of Rwizikuru.
Republican era
With the official independence of Rwizikuru from Estmere on 2 December, 1946, East Riziland became a district of Rwizikuru, with Geoff Simmons being succeeded by Nzou Bescond as Administrator (weRwizi: mukuru) of the district.
In February 1947, East Riziland was renamed to the District of Mabvazuva, in an act that renamed almost all districts in the country to their native weRwizi names. However, municipal names were unchanged, as the National Assembly felt that it was inappropriate to rename cities.
Under the first term of President Samhuri Ngonidzashe, the Rwizikuran government continued investing in infrastructure, with a motorway being built to connect Sainte-Germaine with Port Fitzhubert, where the motorway would continue on to Port Vaugeois (present-day Port Tsalar, Mabifia), as well as developing a national radio network (the NMR). However, most of the government's efforts of investment in East Riziland were mostly centred on Sainte-Germaine, with other communities receiving very little attention at all, leading to alienation from the central government in Port Fitzhubert.
These feelings only increased during the second term of Samhuri Ngonidzashe, as the Yekumavirira Liberation Movement posed an urgent threat to the stability of Rwizikuru. This forced the central government to not pay as much attention to East Riziland, which only further increased the alienation of the local population from Rwizikuru's government. In addition, with increasing authoritarianism in Rwizikuru, exemplified by the expulsion of opposition legislators from the National Assembly in 1951, many in East Riziland were feeling disenchanted with the political system in Rwizikuru.
Thus, in the 1954 elections, East Riziland was a strong hotbed of support for Isaac Mnkandla, with Mnkandla's supporters taking most of the seats allocated to East Riziland, with only one seat being taken by the supporters of the government.
Under the presidency of Izibongo Ngonidzashe, policies remained largely the same as they had been under his father's second term, as he focused on efforts to try and integrate Yekumavirira into Rwizikuru. This meant that little attention was paid towards East Riziland, which only increased tensions. At around this time, Kuziva Midzi became a prominent figure among East Riziland, as he advocated for the interests of East Riziland to be "given increased attention."
However, with growing authoritarianism by Izibongo Ngonidzashe, exemplified when he extended terms from four to five years, and rigged the 1959 elections so that the government won all the seats in the National Assembly, people in East Riziland waged protests against the central government's increasing authoritarianism, with around 100,000 protesters in Sainte-Germaine alone. These protests were tolerated, but were largely ignored, especially as the government was more concerned with Yekumavirira.
Thus, beginning in the early 1960s, insurgencies began to take root in rural East Riziland, as the government had been ignoring the demands of the population of East Riziland, as the government was investing more energy into containing the Yekumavirian Liberation Movement. At around the same time, the economy of Rwizikuru began declining, as the central government implemented policies which were meant to ensure that "any development truly benefits the people of Rwizikuru, and not the elites in Ashcombe." However, these policies led to many foreign businesses leaving the country, which only made things worse for the people of East Riziland.
By 1964, with Izibongo Ngonidzashe reaching his maximum term limits under the Rwizikuran constitution, he decided to replace them with a Basic Law, which enshrined Rwizikuru as an absolute monarchy, with himself as the first Mambo.
Monarchist era
oh fuck, Izibongo Ngonidzashe has gone off the deep end, intense insurgency, leadup to Garamburan War of Independence
Economy
The economy of East Riziland was for most of its existence heavily centred on Sainte-Germaine, with most development of the district focusing on the city of Sainte-Germaine and its surrounding suburbs, at the expense of the rural areas of East Riziland.
(TBC)
Demographics
presumably similar to Garambura now but probably with way more Mufedha