State Presidium of Shangea: Difference between revisions

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| native_name_lang  =  
| native_name_lang  =  
| transcription_name= Xiǎodōng Jíxiáng Gònghéguó Guójiā Chángwù Wěiyuánhuì
| transcription_name= Xiǎodōng Jíxiáng Gònghéguó Guójiā Chángwù Wěiyuánhuì
| legislature      = [[Xiaodongese general election, 2017|11<sup>th</sup> State Presidium]]
| legislature      =  
| coa_pic          = State Presidium symbol.png
| coa_pic          =  
| session_room      = Chongqing city hall 2.jpg
| session_room      =  
| house_type        = {{Wp|Unicameral}}
| house_type        =
| leader1_type      = [[Chairperson of the State Presidium of Xiaodong|Chairman]]
| leader1_type      = [[Chairperson of the State Presidium of Xiaodong|Chairman]]
| leader1          = [[Yuan Xiannian]]
| leader1          = [[Yuan Xiannian]]
| preceded_by      = [[Imperial Deliberative Assembly]]
| leader2_type      = Members
| foundation        = {{Start date and age|1935|05|12}}
| leader2          = [[Yuan Xiannian]], [[Xi Yao-tong]], [[Wang Hongzhi]], [[Jin Baoshun]], [[Yi Shaoqing]], [[Ren Shaokuan]], [[Yuan Qinqin]], [[Xu Bangguo]], [[Mao Lejiang]], [[Zhao Qinghai]]
| party1            =  ([[Xiaodong Regeneration Society]])
| preceded_by      =
| new_session      = 19<sup>th</sup> January 2017
| foundation        = {{Start date and age|1940|10|13}}
| election1        = 19<sup>th</sup> January 2017
| party1            =
| leader2_type      = [[Presiding Officer of the State Presidium of Xiaodong|Presiding Officer]]  
| new_session      =
| leader2          = [[Lu Yangling]]
| election1        =
| party2            = ([[Xiaodong Regeneration Society]])
| seats            = 10
| election2        = 2<sup>nd</sup> March 2012
| term_length      =  
| leader3_type      = Leader of Legislative Business
| last_election1    =  
| leader3          = [[Qiao Shengzuo]]  
| meeting_place    = Supreme Hall of State, [[Rongzhuo]], [[Xiaodong]]
| election3        = 13<sup>th</sup> August 2014
| constitution      = [[Constitution of Xiaodong]]
| party3            = ([[Xiaodong Regeneration Society]])
| leader4_type      = Leader of the Opposition of Xiaodong
| leader4          = [[Zhao Xiaojing]]
| election4        = 1<sup>st</sup> June 2018
| party4            =
| political_groups1 =
*{{Color box|#CE1126|border=darkgray}} [[Xiaodong Regeneration Society]] (319)
*{{Color box|#DDDDDD|border=darkgray}} {{wp|Independent (politics)|Independent}} (91)
*{{Color box|#000436|border=darkgray}} [[Association for Promoting Democracy]] (78)
*{{Color box|#fac000|border=darkgray}} [[Movement for National Principlism]] (75)
| structure1        = Xiao state presid.png
| structure1_res    = 270px
| voting_system1    = {{wp|Parallel voting}}<br>{{wp|First-past-the-post|FPTP}} (378 seats)<br>{{wp|Party-list proportional representation|PLPR}} (185 seats)
| seats            = 563
| term_length      = 5 years
| last_election1    = [[Xiaodongese general election, 2017|January 14<sup>th</sup>, 2017]]
| meeting_place    = Supreme Hall of State<br>[[Rongzhuo]] <br> [[Langang Prefecture|Langang]] <br> [[Xiaodong]]
| constitution      = [[Basic Law of Xiaodong]]
| website          =  
| website          =  
}}
}}
The '''State Presidium of the Auspicious Republic of Xiaodong''' (''{{wp|Mandarin Chinese|Xiaodongese}}'': '''晓东吉祥共和国国家常务委员会'''; ''Xiǎodōng Jíxiáng Gònghéguó Guójiā Chángwù Wěiyuánhuì'') is the ''de jure'' highest executive body of [[Xiaodong]] and its ''de facto'' highest legislative body.  
The '''State Presidium of the Auspicious Republic of Xiaodong''' (''{{wp|Mandarin Chinese|Xiaodongese}}'': '''晓东吉祥共和国国家常务委员会'''; ''Xiǎodōng Jíxiáng Gònghéguó Guójiā Chángwù Wěiyuánhuì'') is the highest executive, legislative and judicial body in [[Xiaodong]]. It consists of 10 members - its own Chairman, the Premier, the Legislative Council President, the Examination Council President, the Judicial Council President, the chief of general staff, the vice-premier and the ministers of international relations, finance and defence.  


The State Presidium was created in 1935 following the [[Corrective Revolution (Xiaodong)|Corrective Revolution]] being intended to be the highest executive body of state with the [[Chairperson of the State Presidium of Xiaodong|Chairperson of the State Preisidum]] being the {{wp|head of state}}. However due to its large size it delegated power to the smaller [[Council of Ministers (Xiaodong)|Council of Ministers]] and with the development of a {{wp|single-party state}} based around the office of the [[First Minister of Xiaodong]] the State Presidium became increasingly a rubber stamping body for the government, only meeting twice a year to approve of decisions already made in the Council of Ministers.  
The State Presidium was created in 1940 following victory of the [[Army of National Salvation]] during the [[Xiaodongese Civil War]]. It was intended originally as a temporary executive, legislative and judicial body before a constitution was passed but was retained as the highest body in that capacity following the signing of the 1942 constitution on the grounds of adhering to [[National Principlism|national principlist]] doctrine. The [[State Chairman of Xiaodong|Chairman]] of the State Presidium also quickly became the dominant leader in Xiaodongese politics due to this as the State Presidium superseded both the Legislative and Executive Councils as the centre of power in the Xiaodongese state.  


Following the development of democracy in Xiaodong during the mid-1980's the State Presidium officially took the powers of a national legislature and became an elected body, similar to a national parliament - as a result many Xiaodongese refer to it as a "''parliament''" (国会; ''Guóhuì'') rather than Presidium (常务委员会; ''Chángwù Wěiyuánhuì''). The Chairman acts as the ''de jure'' speaker but in practice due to the Stte Chairmans duties as head of state the Presiding Officer often chairs the Presidium in the Chairman's place.  
Prior to the 1980's outside the positions of State Chairman and presidents of the four councils (executive, legislative, judicial and examination) membership of the State Presidium was ''ad hoc'' although senior ministers and military officers often sat on the State Presidium. The State Presidium during the 1960's reached a height of 18 members although membership was usually around half that number. In 1988 constitutional amendments resulted in members of the State Presidium being formally codified to that of the previous five defined members plus the chief of staff, vice-premier and defence, international relations and finance ministers.
 
The current State Presidium is led by [[Yuan Xiannian]], who has served in the role since 2016.
 
==History==
==Current composition==
{| class="wikitable"
! 
! width="35%" |  Position
! Picture
! width="15%" | Name
! width="30%" | Member since
! width="25%" | Party
|-
| width=5px style="background-color:#CE1126" |
| [[State Chairman of Xiaodong|State Chairman]]
| [[File:Shinzo Abe cropped.JPG|60px]]
| [[Yuan Xiannian]]
| 30<sup>th</sup> March 2008<br>19<sup>th</sup> November 2016 <small>(current position)</small>
| [[Society for Restoring Benevolence]]
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: #CE1126" |
| [[Premier of Xiaodong|Premier]]
| [[File:Dmitry Medvedev and Li Keqiang 20191101 (cropped).jpg|60px]]
| [[Xi Yao-tong]]
| 30<sup>th</sup> March 2008<br>19<sup>th</sup> November 2016 <small>(current position)</small>
| [[Society for Restoring Benevolence]]
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: #CE1126" |
| [[President of the Legislative Council (Xiaodong)|Legislative Council President]]
| [[File:Wang Yi 2014 (cropped).jpg|60px]]
| [[Wang Hongzhi]]
| 14<sup>th</sup> April 2012
| [[Society for Restoring Benevolence]]
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: #CE1126" |
| [[President of the Examination Council (Xiaodong)|Examination Council President]]
| [[File:Jin Baoshun.png|60px]]
| [[Jin Baoshun]]
| 20<sup>th</sup> August 2014
| [[Society for Restoring Benevolence]]
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: grey" |
| [[President of the Judicial Council (Xiaodong)|Judicial Council President]]
| [[File:Wang Yang (Chinese politician) Washington 2013.jpg|60px]]
| [[Yi Shaoqing]]
| 4<sup>th</sup> February 2017
| {{wp|Independent (politics)|Nonpartisan}}
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: grey" |
| [[Army of National Salvation|Chief of General Staff Headquarters]]
| [[File:Wei Fenghe.jpg|60px]]
| [[Ren Shaokuan]]
| 16<sup>th</sup> June 2013
| {{wp|Independent (politics)|Nonpartisan}}
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: #CE1126" |
| [[Vice-Premier of Xiaodong|Vice-Premier]]
| [[File:Yuan Qinqin.jpg|60px]]
| [[Yuan Qinqin]]
| 22<sup>nd</sup> May 2019
| [[Society for Restoring Benevolence]]
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: #CE1126" |
| [[Ministry of International Relations|Minister of International Relations]]
| [[File:Li Yuanchao in 2015.jpg|60px]]
| [[Xu Bangguo]]
| 2<sup>nd</sup> March 2012<br>19<sup>th</sup> November 2016 <small>(current position)</small>
| [[Society for Restoring Benevolence]]
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: #CE1126" |
| [[Ministry of Finance and Public Credit|Minister of Finance and Public Credit]]
| [[File:Robert Lighthizer meets with Toshimitsu Motegi at USTR (1) (cropped).jpg|60px]]
| [[Mao Lejiang]]
| 19<sup>th</sup> November 2016
| [[Society for Restoring Benevolence]]
|-
| width=5px style="background-color: grey" |
| [[Ministry of Defence and Military Planning|Minister of Defence and Military Planning]]
| [[File:Defence minister.png|60px]]
| [[Zhao Qinghai]]
| 19<sup>th</sup> November 2016
| {{wp|Independent (politics)|Nonpartisan}}
|}


The 563 seats in the State Presidium is elected every five years (although the Chairman may dissolve it at any time) through a  {{wp|parallel voting}} system with 378 seats being elected via {{wp|first-past-the-post}} and 185 seats via {{wp|party-list proportional representation}}. There have been calls to diminish the State Presidium's legislative functions, rescind its status as an elected body and restore it to an appointed executive body.
{{Xiaodong Topics}}
[[Category:Xiaodong]][[Category:Politics in Xiaodong]]
[[Category:Xiaodong]][[Category:Politics in Xiaodong]]

Revision as of 03:37, 3 September 2020

State Presidium of the Auspicious Republic of Xiaodong

晓东吉祥共和国国家常务委员会

Xiǎodōng Jíxiáng Gònghéguó Guójiā Chángwù Wěiyuánhuì
History
FoundedOctober 13, 1940; 84 years ago (1940-10-13)
Leadership
Members
Seats10
Meeting place
Supreme Hall of State, Rongzhuo, Xiaodong
Constitution
Constitution of Xiaodong

The State Presidium of the Auspicious Republic of Xiaodong (Xiaodongese: 晓东吉祥共和国国家常务委员会; Xiǎodōng Jíxiáng Gònghéguó Guójiā Chángwù Wěiyuánhuì) is the highest executive, legislative and judicial body in Xiaodong. It consists of 10 members - its own Chairman, the Premier, the Legislative Council President, the Examination Council President, the Judicial Council President, the chief of general staff, the vice-premier and the ministers of international relations, finance and defence.

The State Presidium was created in 1940 following victory of the Army of National Salvation during the Xiaodongese Civil War. It was intended originally as a temporary executive, legislative and judicial body before a constitution was passed but was retained as the highest body in that capacity following the signing of the 1942 constitution on the grounds of adhering to national principlist doctrine. The Chairman of the State Presidium also quickly became the dominant leader in Xiaodongese politics due to this as the State Presidium superseded both the Legislative and Executive Councils as the centre of power in the Xiaodongese state.

Prior to the 1980's outside the positions of State Chairman and presidents of the four councils (executive, legislative, judicial and examination) membership of the State Presidium was ad hoc although senior ministers and military officers often sat on the State Presidium. The State Presidium during the 1960's reached a height of 18 members although membership was usually around half that number. In 1988 constitutional amendments resulted in members of the State Presidium being formally codified to that of the previous five defined members plus the chief of staff, vice-premier and defence, international relations and finance ministers.

The current State Presidium is led by Yuan Xiannian, who has served in the role since 2016.

History

Current composition

Position Picture Name Member since Party
State Chairman Shinzo Abe cropped.JPG Yuan Xiannian 30th March 2008
19th November 2016 (current position) 		Society for Restoring Benevolence
Premier Dmitry Medvedev and Li Keqiang 20191101 (cropped).jpg Xi Yao-tong 30th March 2008
19th November 2016 (current position) 		Society for Restoring Benevolence
Legislative Council President Wang Yi 2014 (cropped).jpg Wang Hongzhi 14th April 2012 Society for Restoring Benevolence
Examination Council President Jin Baoshun.png Jin Baoshun 20th August 2014 Society for Restoring Benevolence
Judicial Council President Wang Yang (Chinese politician) Washington 2013.jpg Yi Shaoqing 4th February 2017 Nonpartisan
Chief of General Staff Headquarters Wei Fenghe.jpg Ren Shaokuan 16th June 2013 Nonpartisan
Vice-Premier Yuan Qinqin.jpg Yuan Qinqin 22nd May 2019 Society for Restoring Benevolence
Minister of International Relations Li Yuanchao in 2015.jpg Xu Bangguo 2nd March 2012
19th November 2016 (current position) 		Society for Restoring Benevolence
Minister of Finance and Public Credit Robert Lighthizer meets with Toshimitsu Motegi at USTR (1) (cropped).jpg Mao Lejiang 19th November 2016 Society for Restoring Benevolence
Minister of Defence and Military Planning Defence minister.png Zhao Qinghai 19th November 2016 Nonpartisan
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