Mokae-class submarine

Mok'ae

File:Mokae-class.png Mok'ae I-class above, Mok'ae II-class below
Class overview
Builders:	DNMI
Operators:	Anikatian People's Navy Anikatian Navy
Preceded by:	Tarango IV-class
Succeeded by:	Hukkorae-class
Built:	1962–1968
In service:	1962-Present
Planned:	20
Completed:	16
Cancelled:	4
Active:	0
Lost:	1
Retired:	16
General characteristics
Type:	Submarine
Displacement:	surface – 6,850 / 7,410 / 6,440 t; submerged – 8,300 / 9,300 / 8,000 t (Mok'ae I/II / Mok'ae III / Mok'ae IV)
Length:	132 m
Beam:	11.6 m
Draft:	8 m
Propulsion:	Mok'ae I/II/IV: 6 × Kyoungcho DPE V16M 2,000 shp (1,491 kW) diesel engines 6 × Bulgakko E-TM1A-3C Electric motors, four 1,480 shp (1,081 kW) and two 2,700 shp (2,013 kW) 2 × 200 hp (149 kW) auxiliary motor 1 shafts, with 5-bladed propellers Mok'ae III: 2 × Bulgakko BNR-75 nuclear reactors producing 75 MW (100,577 hp) each 2 × Bulgakko P-SM1-400A steam turbines 2 × Bulgakko E-TM1A-3D Electric cruise motors 1,480 shp (1,081 kW) 2 × Daesungkhu & Namkoong DNE TG-2A turbogenerators 2,682 shp (2,000 kW) 1 × Kyoungcho DPE F6M 617 shp (460 kW) emergency diesel engine set 1 shafts, with 5-bladed propellers
Speed:	Mok'ae I/II/IV: 10 knots (18 km/h) surfaced 12 knots (22 km/h) submerged Mok'ae III: 11 knots (20 km/h) surfaced 26 knots (48 km/h) submerged
Range:	Mok'ae I/II/IV: 17,000 km at 15 km/h surfaced, 1,500 km at 5.07 km/h submerged Mok'ae III: Unlimited, except by food supplies
Endurance:	30 days endurance / 75 days endurance Mok'ae I/II/IV / Mok'ae III)
Test depth:	250–320 m (820–1,049 ft)
Complement:	Mok'ae I/II/IV: 120 crew (32 officers, 38 warrant officers, 50 enlisted) Mok'ae III: 119 crew (32 officers, 38 warrant officers, 49 enlisted)
Armament:	Mok'ae I/II/III:4 × 533 mm (21.0 in) torpedo tubes 2 × 400 mm (16 in) torpedo tubes 16 × SKG-11 SLBM's. Mok'ae IV: *4 × 533 mm (21.0 in) torpedo tubes 2 × 400 mm (16 in) torpedo tubes 16 × SH-3 anti-ship cruise missile's upgraded with SH-6

The Mok'ae-class submarine was intended to be the first Anikatian class of nuclear-powered ballistic missiles submarines that were built by the DSRA. However, major delays and problems with the reactors led to the majority of the type being built using a conventional diesel-electric propulsion systems. The official designation by the Anikatian People's Navy was the Mok'ae-class, but the manufacturer designation of this class was Project 281; Mok'ae (모캐) means burbot in the Anikatian language. The submarines have been the subject of incidents and technical problems since the design phase. The vessels were hurriedly built by the DSRA who were anxious to catch up to the Free World's lead in nuclear submarines.

The class gained notoriety for being plagued with development problems, breakdowns and accidents, and the type soon gained the nickname of Jaenan class (재난) meaning "Calamity class". Ultimately the further development of the design was cancelled in favour of more promising and cost-effective designs such as the experimental Hukkorae-class which would lead to the development of the highly successful Haema-class submarine. It is one of the largest conventional powered submarines ever built and it was only surpassed in tonnage by the Rodarian Pretoriano-class submarine in 1995.

History and development

Even before the first Tarango-class submarines had to be completed work on an all new larger nuclear-powered vessel as research and develop along with assistance from Estovnia sped up the nuclear program. The new class of submarine was to have a displacement of greater than 4,000 tonnes and diving depth of at least 300 m.

Skills and knowledge learnt from the Tarango program fed into the new nuclear submarine development and designs were set for a shift to a single highly efficiency propeller setup over the older three shaft design to help reduce noise and improve hull streamlining.

Further development was achieved in the shaping of the hull with a far more teardrop shaped hull as a result of improved metal production and welding techniques. The overall design was far larger to accommodate a newly developed steam turbine nuclear propulsion system.

However, the breakneck speed development process pushed the designs through testing and into production without adequate time for proper handling of design and development. Which led to major faults in production and lack capability deficiencies in the first submarines and ongoing technical problems that would plague the design throughout the life of the class.

These problems were compounded by the inability of the DSRA to provide the vital elements for the design such as the nuclear reactor and nuclear missiles.

Both of which suffered major delays causing the initially Mok'ae class vessels to be fitted with underpowered conventional diesel engines. The early Mok'ae-class submarines suffered from issues with reliability that often threaten crew safety. While the Mok'ae I and II were built before domestic nuclear reactors could be developed due to delays with the program.

As a result, the diesel propulsion setup from the Tarango was used although enlarged and boosted in power it offered far lower levels of performance than the nuclear setup.

The conventional power plants were prone to overheating and required substantial redesign of the engine rooms. Once the nuclear reactors were ready with the Mok'ae III conversion the changes to the interior design required further modifications to fit the reactors which themselves suffered from a host of technical issues compounding the development of the design.

As a result, only five submarines were converted to the nuclear propulsion and only a single vessel was construction with the nuclear propulsion system fitted as originally specified it was the last of the type constructed. The rest were considered unfit for service as a SSBNs due to their poor range and troublesome noisy conventional diesel propulsion setup so they were instead converted into cruise missile submarines as the Mok'ae IV where their limited range and quiet diesel propulsion could still be effective monitoring Belhavian military activity around New Shelvoy.

Variants

• Mok'ae I (Project 281): The baseline configuration, these were nuclear-powered submarines that first saw service in 1962; 4 were built. They had 6 torpedo tubes and carried 16 torpedoes, mines.
• Mok'ae II (Project 281A): Improved design, with refined streamlining, other improvements were new electronic equipment, improved sonar. they first saw service in 1965 ; 10 were built. They had 6 torpedo tubes and carried 16 torpedoes, mines.
• Mok'ae III (Project 281H): 6 of this type were converted from the Mok'ae II, these were the only vessels to be converted to a nuclear-power setup, they first saw service in 1968. They had 6 torpedo tubes and carried 16 torpedoes, mines.
• Mok'ae IV (Project 281G): 6 of this type were converted from the remaining Mok'ae I and Mok'ae II specification, ballistic missiles were removed and they were converted into an SSGNs, they first saw service in 1976. They carried 16 SH-3 nuclear-tipped anti-ship cruise missiles instead of the original ballistic missiles. They retained their forward torpedo tubes. Their configuration seems to be a typical DSRA unwillingness to discard any military hardware that might still have some use. A number of these were later upgraded with the new longer range SH-6 anti-ship cruise missiles.

Units

Following is a list of all 16 Mok'ae-class submarines built for the DSRA.

Mok'ae-class

Number	Shipyard	Project	Laid down	Launched	Decommissioned	Status
S-146	Kyoungcho Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Eunchuol Shipyard	281	1956	1962	1963	Sank in rough seas while under tow after after a fire took out the power systems onboard due to wiring faults
S-147	Kyoungcho Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Eunchuol Shipyard	281	1957	1963	1992	Rebuilt as SSG Mok'ae IV (Project 281G)
S-148	Kyoungcho Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Namsong Shipyard	281	1958	1962	1970	Sank after fire and multiple explosions in a missile tube
S-149	Kyoungcho Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Eunchuol Shipyard	281	1958	1964	1986	Rebuilt as SSG Mok'ae IV (Project 281G)
S-150	Kyoungcho Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Namsong Shipyard	281A	1959	1964	1996	Rebuilt as SSG Mok'ae IV (Project 281G)
S-151	Kyoungcho Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Eunchuol Shipyard	281A	1959	1963	1998	Rebuilt as SSG Mok'ae IV (Project 281G)
S-152	Kyoungcho Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Eunchuol Shipyard	281A	1960	1964	1999	Rebuilt as SSBN Mok'ae III (Project 281H)
S-153	Kyoungcho Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Eunchuol Shipyard	281A	1961	1963	1998	Rebuilt as SSG Mok'ae IV (Project 281G)
S-154	Sunwoo Heavy Industries Hamgae Shipyard	281A	1962	1963	1985	Rebuilt as SSG Mok'ae IV (Project 281G)
S-155	Kyoungcho Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Eunchuol Shipyard	281A	1962	1964	2001	Rebuilt as SSBN Mok'ae III (Project 281H)
S-156	Kyoungcho Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Namsong Shipyard	281A	1963	1964	2001	Rebuilt as SSBN Mok'ae III (Project 281H)
S-157	Kyoungcho Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Namsong Shipyard	281A	1964	1965	1997	Rebuilt as SSG Mok'ae IV (Project 281G)
S-158	Sunwoo Heavy Industries Hamgae Shipyard	281A	1964	1966	2001	Rebuilt as SSBN Mok'ae III (Project 281H)
S-159	Kyoungcho Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Eunchuol Shipyard	281A	1965	1966	1996	Rebuilt as SSG Mok'ae IV (Project 281G)
S-160	Kyoungcho Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Namsong Shipyard	281A	1965	1967	2001	Rebuilt as SSBN Mok'ae III (Project 281H)
S-161	Kyoungcho Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Eunchuol Shipyard	281H	1966	1968	2001

Operators

Most saw service in the Anikatian People's Navy.

Anikatia

• Anikatian Navy All retired and or scrapped.

DSRA

• Anikatian People's Navy (passed on to successor states)

External links

• Mok'ae Class Submarines - Complete Ship List (English)