2023 Weranian federal election: Difference between revisions
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The disunity of the opposition allowed the NKP to exploit divisions within them, running a {{wp|red scare}} campaign alleging that Euclean Werania and the Green-Red Alliance would form a left-wing coalition with the OSAI. The NKP also continued its appropriation of {{wp|right-wing populism|right-wing populist}} rhetoric and policies thereby taking support from their right including the DA. | The disunity of the opposition allowed the NKP to exploit divisions within them, running a {{wp|red scare}} campaign alleging that Euclean Werania and the Green-Red Alliance would form a left-wing coalition with the OSAI. The NKP also continued its appropriation of {{wp|right-wing populism|right-wing populist}} rhetoric and policies thereby taking support from their right including the DA. | ||
The election saw the NKP secure a majority government, the first time a party has achieved this in Werania since | The election saw the NKP secure a majority government, the first time a party has achieved this in Werania since 1995 and the first time the NKP had since 1976. Notably the NKP went from a coalition to a majority government, the first time this has happened in Weranian history. The NKP gained a strong majority of single-mandate districts with the opposition mainly gaining proportional block seats. Euclean Werania remained the largest opposition party although made no significant progress whilst the Greens lost seats compared to 2019. The OSAI got their best result since 2007 whilst the [[National Coalition for Independence]] gained the most seats in [[Ruttland]]. The DA almost failed to cross the 3% electoral threshold for the proportional block. | ||
Turnout was 70%, the lowest in over a century. | Turnout was 70%, the lowest in over a century. | ||
Latest revision as of 16:36, 25 February 2024
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All 545 seats to the House of Deputies 273 seats are needed for a majority in the House of Deputies | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Turnout | 33,424,849 (70.1%)  7.81% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Map of constituency seats won (upper) and of states won in the proportional block (lower). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 49th federal election was held in the Weranian Confederation for the House of Deputies (the lower house of the Bundestag of Werania) on the 2nd June 2023. All 545 deputies were be elected under a mixed-member majoritarian system with 300 through a proportional bloc and 250 through direct mandates.
The election saw the incumbent National Consolidation Party-Democratic Alternative coalition defending a majority against the opposition Euclean Werania (a merger of the Social Democratic Radical Party and Modern Centre Party), the Green-Red Alliance (an alliance of the Green Party and Socialist Workers' Party of Werania) and the Weranic Section of the Workers' International. Following the replacement of NKP leader and Premier Otto von Hößlin with Anton Raicevich in July 2022 the NKP had risen in the polls and were projected to make gains although the party's ability to gain a majority was questioned.
The disunity of the opposition allowed the NKP to exploit divisions within them, running a red scare campaign alleging that Euclean Werania and the Green-Red Alliance would form a left-wing coalition with the OSAI. The NKP also continued its appropriation of right-wing populist rhetoric and policies thereby taking support from their right including the DA.
The election saw the NKP secure a majority government, the first time a party has achieved this in Werania since 1995 and the first time the NKP had since 1976. Notably the NKP went from a coalition to a majority government, the first time this has happened in Weranian history. The NKP gained a strong majority of single-mandate districts with the opposition mainly gaining proportional block seats. Euclean Werania remained the largest opposition party although made no significant progress whilst the Greens lost seats compared to 2019. The OSAI got their best result since 2007 whilst the National Coalition for Independence gained the most seats in Ruttland. The DA almost failed to cross the 3% electoral threshold for the proportional block.
Turnout was 70%, the lowest in over a century.
Electoral process
Werania has since 1960 used a mixed-member majoritarian system. 300 seats are elected by proportional representation with the entire country treated as a single electoral district and a 3% electoral threshold being in place. The other 245 seats are elected via single-member constituencies through a first-past-the-post voting system. The current electoral boundaries for the 245 constituency seats were approved in 2020 by the Electoral Board, with boundaries being decided every 10 years based on census data. Should a party have 273 or more deputies in the House, it has an absolute majority and could thus govern autonomously, without a coalition partner. The constitution can be amended with a supermajority of two-thirds, or 360 deputies.
Voters have to registrar to vote a month before polling day. In order to be eligible to vote one must be over the age of 18, be a citizen of Werania, have a permanent address in Werania and not be currently in prison.
Each party by convention nominates a single "premier candidate" (spitzenkandidat) that leads the party in debates, even if the party has multiple leaders. However only the largest parties spitzenkandidats are considered to be likely to become premier.
Background
In the last federal election in 2019 the incumbent coalition of the centre-left Social Democratic Radical Party and the centrist Modern Centre Party led by premier Josef Felder lost to the centre-right National Consolidation Party led by Otto von Hößlin who formed a coalition with the right-wing Democratic Alternative a month after the federal elections. The coalition came to power on a mandate of tax cuts and limiting migration retaining high popularity after their election. The popularity was unevenly distributed with the NKP seeing a high rise in popularity whilst the DA collapsed in the polls. In the first electoral test for the new coalition in the 2021 upper house election the DA lost all the seats being contested whilst the NKP gained a majority in the chamber.
In mid-2021 the NKP was embroiled in the Furler affair when Defence Minister Ulrich Furler was implicated in lobbying for arms company Volger GmbH. Furler eventually resigned being replaced with Anton Raicevich but the controversy badly damaged the NKP-DA government. In August 2021 the SRPO and PMZ merged to form Euclean Werania (EO) although a minority of the SRPO formed the Socialist Workers' Party of Werania. EO's creation and the Furler Affair contributed to a decline in popularity for the NKP-DA coalition.
In early 2022 Premier von Hösslin and Finance Minister Wolfgang Kanther were alleged to have "systematically favoured" the Hosokawa corporation in the awarding of public contracts with up to a fifth of government contracts being awarded to Hosokawa. On the 24th April the Bundestag's Standards Committee has censured von Hösslin and Kanther for failing to ensure that public contracts are handed out "in fairness and in line with public expectations". A day later the Social Affairs Minister Simas Nekrošius from the DA resigned due to "a lack of accountability" from the premier".
The Hosokawa affair led to a decline in popularity for the NKP with the EO often level with them in the polls. As a result in the leadup to the triannual NKP leadership election von Hösslin announced that he would not contest the leadership effectively resigning. Initially the frontrunners for the leadership were Jörg Bullmann and Andrea Däubler, but Bullmann pulled out after a plagiarism scandal with Anton Raicevich leapfrogging to become frontrunner. With the support of Cislanian Minister-President Bartholomäus Stobrawa Raicevich became leader appointing Däubler as deputy leader and Finance Minister.
Timetable
| 6 April | Premier Anton Raicevich announced his intention to dissolve the House of Deputies and hold an election for the 2nd June. |
| 10 April | Holder of the Federal Presidency Charlotte II approves of the Premier's request to hold an election. |
| 14 April | Formal dissolution of the House of Deputies; start of campaign period. |
| 5 May | Last day members of the public could register to vote. |
| 8 May | Last day in which members of the public could apply for proxy voting or postal voting. |
| 19 May | Last day for candidates to file nomination papers. |
| 2 June | Polling day |
| 9 June | New House of Deputies Assembled |
Parties
| Parliamentary affiliation |
Party | Ideology | Spitzenkandidat | Outgoing seats |
In government | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Left | 
|
Weranic Section of the Workers' International | Socialism, Libertarian socialism | Peter Lötzsch | 22 / 545
|
| |
| Centre-left | 
|
Socialist Workers' Party of Werania | Democratic socialism, Enviromentalism | Caspar Schönherr | 6 / 545
|
| |
|
Greens - Ecological Action | Green politics, Progressivism | 80 / 545
|
| |||
| Centre | 
|
Aldman People's Party | Aldman interests, Liberalism | N/A[b 1] | 2 / 545
|
| |
|
National Coalition for Independence | Ruttish separatism, Populism | N/A[c 1] | 31 / 545
|
| ||
|
Euclean Werania | Social liberalism, Pro-Eucleanism | Luise Höcherl | 111 / 545
|
| ||
| Centre-right | 
|
Sotirian Democratic Homeland | Ruttish regionalism, Sotirian Democracy | N/A[d 1] | 9 / 545
|
| |
|
United Party | Weranian-Charlotte Islander unionism, Conservatism | N/A[e 1] | 1 / 545
|
| ||
|
National Consolidation Party | Conservatism, Sotirian Democracy | Anton Raicevich | 253 / 545
|
| ||
| Right | 
|
Democratic Alternative | National liberalism, Euclescepticism | Käthe Schickdanze | 30 / 545
|
| |
Campaign
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The National Consolidation Party ran a campaign based on emphasising their record in government including a mixture of tax cuts, more stringent law and order policies and reducing migration. The biggest shift from the 2019 platform was a pledge to reform labour and industrial relations legislation with the NKP supporting reforms to make it harder for trade unions to strike in certain circumstances. Another shift from 2019 is a more pro-Euclean policy supporting harmonising towards a single Euclean corporate tax. Additionally the NKP advocated the continued freezing of reconciliation with Valduvia wanting compensation for the Burish genocide to be prioritised and restarted. The NKP ran a presidential campaign putting their leader and incumbent premier Raicevich at the forefront capitalising on his high approval ratings.
Euclean Werania supported continuing some of the policies of the former SRPO-PMZ government including an expanded house building programme, increasing investment in the healthcare service to eliminate waitlists whilst repealing NKP reforms in healthcare and in the education sector to reduce class sizes. EO moved away from both the SRPO and PMZ in supporting the return of the 1982-2001 wealth tax and committing to achieving net zero by 2060. On the international level EO supported greater Euclean cooperation on Tsabara advocating the EC to continue to ensure safe zones in Tsabara and to increase support for Etruria and Paretia to safely house refugees. However unlike the NKP EO supported a harsher stance on rule of law issues in Paretia and Eturia.
The Greens ran with the small Socialist Workers Party in this election on a left-wing programme that has emphasised greater moves towards a green economy and reversing the right wing policies of the NKP-DA coalition government. The Greens called for a carbon neutral Werania by 2035, increasing healthcare, education and welfare spending and reforming the housing system both to make housing and private renting more affordable.
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The Greens also called for banning fossil-fuel automobile sales and production by 2030, expanding electric vehicle production and increasing renewable energy production. The Greens also support banning the opening of new nuclear power plants and closing existing ones by 2028. The Green coalition was the only one to advocate simplifying the process to change one’s legal gender. The Greens nominated Wiesstadt Mayor Caspar Schönherr as spitzenkandidat.
The Democratic Alternative proposed a more right wing platform then in 2019 including a move to repatriate rather than integrate migrants and calling for the return of the death penalty. The Democratic Alternative also supported an in/out referendum on the Euclo and have attacked the political establishment as being too accommodating of the EC. As part of their rightwards shift the DA supported punitive measures in law and order policies and much harsher immigration. The DA wanted to double Weranias nuclear capacity by 2040 and focus more on individual rather than public transportation infrastructure. The DA also pledged to implement a tougher approach to Zorasan and Shangea.
The National Coalition for Independence embarked on a more moderate campaign then in 2019. The NNK supported a referendum on Ruttish sovereignty within the next parliamentary term but also put forward a more conventionally centre left programme calling for increased spending in healthcare, pensions and education as well as opposing changes to federal labour laws. The NNK also supported restricting immigration to Ruttland and the creation of a “Ruttish Charter of Rights” to institutionalise bilingualism and restrict “cultural discrimination” to Ruttland.
The Weranic Section of the Workers' International focused their campaign in reducing the cost of living and “overcoming capitalism”. The OSAI supported reforming the Euclean Central Bank to prioritise job creation over anti-inflation, restricting financial speculation and closing tax loopholes in order to raise revenue alongside introducing harsher punishments on tax evasion. The OSAI also supported banning layoffs in companies turning substantial profits and introducing a 35 hour workweek. The OSAI also supported the abolition of the monarchy and wanted reconciliation with MASSOR countries. The OSAI wants sanctions to be applied to Soravia and Etruria and for Werania to end military assistance to Tsabara.
The campaign saw the disunity of the opposition highlighted as the three primary opposition forces - EO, the Green-Red Alliance and the OSAI - were not projectd to overtake the NKP in seats. The NKP ran a red scare campaign stating that the EO and Green-Red Alliance would go into coalition with the OSAI and would seek to introduce a socialist system in Werania.
Opinion Polls
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Results
 | |||||||||
| Party | Constituency | Propotional | Total | ± | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | ||||
| National Consolidation Party | 14,856,781 | 44.32 | 166 | 13,758,503 | 41.16 | 134 | 500 |  47
| |
| Euclean Werania | 7,700,595 | 22.97 | 36 | 6,743,028 | 20.17 | 65 | 101 | New | |
| Green-Red Alliance | 3,216,922 | 9.60 | 11 | 4,100,181 | 12.27 | 40 | 51 | 35
| |
| Weranic Section of the Workers' International | 2,867,566 | 8.55 | 8 | 3,357,844 | 10.05 | 32 | 40 | 18
| |
| National Coalition for Independence | 2,245,617 | 6.70 | 20 | 2,085,912 | 6.24 | 20 | 40 | 9
| |
| Democratic Alternative | 578,328 | 1.73 | 0 | 1,018,596 | 3.05 | 9 | 9 | 21
| |
| Sotirian Democratic Homeland | 385,975 | 1.15 | 2 | 328,594 | 0.98 | 0 | 2 | 7
| |
| Aldman People's Party | 305,815 | 0.91 | 1 | 224,829 | 0.67 | 0 | 1 | 1
| |
| United Party | 189,656 | 0.57 | 1 | 189,564 | 0.57 | 0 | 1 | - | |
| Others | 588,486 | 1.76 | 0 | 1,049,955 | 3.14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Invalid/blank votes | 589,108 | – | – | 567,843 | - | - | - | - | |
| Total | 33,424,849 | - | 245 | 33,424,849 | - | 300 | 545 | - | |
| Registered voters/turnout | 47,683,728 | 70.1% | – | – | - | - | - | - | |
Aftermath
Outcome
Government formation
| Lower house elections | |
|---|---|
| Upper house elections | |
- ↑ The AVP did not nominate a spitzenkandidat with the party leader Haiko Posthuma representing the party in debates.
- ↑ The NNK did not nominate a spitzenkandidat with the party leader Žygimantas Navikas representing the party in debates.
- ↑ The SDT did not nominate a spitzenkandidat with the party leader Natalija Saldaitiene representing the party in debates.
- ↑ The United Party did not nominate a spitzenkandidat.