Electoral systems in Sparkalia

This is a list of electoral systems on Sparkalia.

Legend

Single-winner system / single-member constituencies (non-proportional)

  First past the post/single member plurality (FPTP/SMP)

  Two-round system (TRS)

  Instant-runoff voting (IRV)

Multi-member constituencies, Majoritarian representation (non-proportional)

  Plurality-at-large voting

  General ticket

Multi-member constituencies, Semi-proportional representationl

  Limited voting (LV) or cumulative voting

  Single non-transferable vote (SNTV) or mixed FPTP and SNTV

  Modified Borda count

Multi-member constituencies, Proportional representation

  Party-list proportional representation (Closed list PR)

  Party-list proportional representation (Open list PR)

  Party-list proportional representation (Open list PR)

  Single transferable vote (STV)

Mixed non-compensatory (semi-proportional)

  Mixed-member majoritarian (MMM): parallel voting (FPTP and list PR)

  Mixed-member majoritarian (MMM): parallel voting (TRS and list PR)

  Mixed-member majoritarian (MMM): parallel voting (BV/PBV and list PR)

  List PR with Majority bonus system

  Parallel voting (SNTV and list PR)

Mixed compensatory (proportional or semi-proportional)

  Mixed-member majoritarian (MMM) with compensation

  Additional member system / semi-proportional MMP

  Mixed-member proportional representation (MMP)

  Majority bonus system

Indirect election

  Election by legislature

  Election by electoral college or local legislatures

  Partly elected by electoral college or local legislatures, partly appointed by head of state

Other

  No election (e.g. Monarchy)

  Appointed by head of state

  Varies by federal states or constituencies

  No information/Unicameral legislature

Heads of Government

For elected heads of government.

Country	Body	System	Details
Dairana	Prime Minister	First-past-the-post voting in electoral districts	Every four years, the Prime Minister of their party is nominated by that party during a primary, and are then chosen by claiming enough seats in the house of commons to win. Claiming seats is by the popular vote, so the most popular candidate in that district claims that seat.
Ekena	Prime Minister	Appointed by the President	The prime minister is appointed formally by the president and exercises executive authority along with the cabinet subject to parliamentary support.
Japuile	The Honourable Prime Lord	Nominated by Grand Duke	The period of reign depends on the effectiveness and actions. There are no hard deadlines.
Kerussiria	Prime Minister	Nominated by Ķiver	Every five years the Prime Minister is nominated by the Ķiver after consultations with the parliamentary factions and confirmed by the National Council. In case of disagreement, the National Council can reject the Ķiver's nomination and choose their own candidate.
Magia Regnum	Prime Shoujo	Internal vote by the Tate-Shōsū; officially appointed by the Haimajika	The Prime Shoujo is usually selected by an internal vote from among the members of the Tate-Shōsū with an official appointment by the Haimajika. The Haimajika may reject the choice; however this is a rare occurrence.
Nova Solarius	Supreme Chancellor	Elected by the Imperial Senate	The Chancellor is elected by the Imperial Senate which received its votes from the citizens of the Republic. The Chancellor serves Two 7-year terms. The election is every 7 years.

Heads of State

For elected heads of state.

Country	Body	System	Details
Crown Royal Goverment	Monarchy	Lineage	The monarch is a position in which only the royal family could hold. The monarch is chosen by the line of succession.
Dairana	Monarchy	Lineage	The monarch is a position in which only the royal family could hold. The monarch is chosen by the line of succession.
Ekena	President	Two-round system (TRS)	The President is elected to a four-year term by popular vote, is not term-limited, and has limited powers
Japuile	Monarchy	The Ducco System	According to the long-established Ducco system, which required a fairly flexible hereditary line. Each of the heirs had to learn to govern, either theoretically or practically.
Kerussiria	Ķiver	First past the post	The Ķiver is elected via a vote in the National Council, where each party (or parties if a coalition is formed) present a candidate, after which the National Council votes on which candidate to choose. The term of a Ķiver is 5 years and set specifically 2.5 years ahead of National Council elections.
Magia Regnum	Haimajika	Selected by the Ōrumaiti	The Haimajika is the executive leader as well as the most senior position in Magia Regnum. The Haimajika is chosen among those of the Gaidansu who, in the eyes of the Ōrumaiti, represents the purest and most ideal magical girl as well as the one who has the most aptitude to hear and communicate with the Ōrumaiti.
Nova Solarius	Monarchy	Inherited	The Monarchy is hereditary succession, with the legal act of the institution of the monarchy by the Xiros Mandate of 769
Nova Vinelandia	Governor	Instant-Runoff Voting	Elected via ranked ballots with instant runoff. Elections are fixed every 5 years.

Heads of State & Government

For heads of state who serve in both in an executive and government capacity.

Country	Body	System	Details
Ostrov	Prime Minister	Subject to a confidence vote after each election	Elections are held every four years and, after they conclude, the Council meets. First, they elect a Speaker. Once that is done, they must elect a Prime Minister, who is typically the leader of the largest party in the Council. Owing to the two-party nature of Ostrovian politics, no Prime Minister has ever lost such an election.
Kyldigard	Premier	Premiers Elected by National People's Congress upon a predecessor's death, retirement, or a vote of no confidence.	The Premier is elected as a representative of the National People's Congress, as well as the official head of state and head of government. Premiers have no term limits but may be removed by the National People's Congress in a vote of no confidence if necessary. Premiers of the country dictate much of the policy choices and proposition of laws in Kyldigard, although their power is limited by the existence of the National People's Congress' ability to remove them from power. An abuse of this power can be vetoed in accordance to the National Charter.
Choslow	Queen	The title of Queen is inherited through matrilineal succession	The Queen has full total control of the government. If the main line is to ever die out for any reason there shall be a new trial to prove a new dynasty, unless a suitable candidate shows herself.
Mushakan	Covarkʻa	The title of Covarkʻa is inherited to the eldest child or kin.	The Covarkʻa, or "Sea Lord", is the hereditary title given to the rulers of Mushakan. The title, unless in cases of extreme emergency, goes to the eldest child, regardless of gender, of the previous ruler.
Ardenarai	Kahrethaya	Winner of the Festival of Twilight	Kahrethaya is a position won through the Festival of Twilight, a massive battle between all aspiring successors of the previous Kahrethaya. The winner is recognized as the the strongest magi of Ardenarai, the Purest, having defeated all those that challenged their bid, and devoured their lifebeing. This method of succession has made Ardenarai officially a kraterocracy.
Yulsan	President	elect by direct election of majority vote	The president is both the head of the government and the head of the state. The president is elected once every four years and can be re-elected once.

Legislatures

Country	Body	System	Details
Ostrov	Ostrovian Council	First-past-the-post voting in thirty districts	The Prime Minister and his cabinet are, by convention, members of the Council. They may lose their seat, although this has only happened to three cabinet members in the past 200 years.
Kyldigard	National People's Congress	Single Transferrable Vote	Each Canton has a Cantonal Congress elected directly by the people, who in turn form the National People's Congress to elect a Premier to lead the federal government. All citizens get to vote for the people in their government based on a ranked-choice voting system.
Ekena	Laulāʻaha	Party-list proportional representation (Open list PR)	Elected every four years based on party-list proportional representation.
Nova Solarius	Imperial Senate	Elected by the Citizens	If a candidate has the most votes out of their race, they are elected to the position of Senator for their State &/or district. With a Two 5-year term limit.
Nova Vinelandia	Vinelandian House of Assebly	Single Transferable Vote	Elected in multi-member districts known as Zones. Elections occur exactly two years after the gubernatorial election.
Kerussiria	National Council	Elected via open list PR	The National Council is elected via party-list proportional representation. The term limit of the National Council is 5 years, 2.5 years behind the Ķiverial elections.
Japuile	House of Delegates	Election in given localities	Each Great City (Oros, Limne and Artane) has 33 delegates. The representative of the smaller towns has facilities, as well as the smaller towns themselves, which this one man represents. It focuses on making sure that when someone burns out, they leave, freeing up space on the list.
	Noble Chamber	Chosen by the Grand Duke	The Upper Chamber has 30 seats, where specialists with experience in many fields sit. Noblemen, aristocracies, scientists, writers, artists. And so on. He also learns that when he burns out, he leaves, making room for a new one.
Mushakan	Aznivsrah	1/3 is appointed by the Covarkʻa and the rest are hereditary.	The Aznivsrah is the advisory council to the Covarkʻa, comprised of 30 individuals, of which 10 are elected by the Covarkʻa, usually the 10 closest friends or most influential people on Mushakan, while 10 seats are reserved for the leaders of the 10 noble families of Mushakan and the last 10 are for the High Priests of Sā́dhṛmayr.
Ardenarai	Flower Court	Hereditary	The Flower Court is made up of only seven seats, each given to the family heads of the six royal families of Ardenarai and the Tayfarath. They are all given a flower representing their family crests, mainly the lily, rose, chrysanthemum, poppy, tulip, orchid, and iris.
Yulsan	National Assembly	Additional member system – MMP without levelling seats	Voters will have two votes. One can vote for individual candidates and one for political parties. The proportion of proportional representation seats is small compared to that of district seats, but the difference in the number of seats is not large.