2022 Caldish general election: Difference between revisions

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{{WIP}}
{{Infobox legislative election
{{Infobox legislative election
| election_name      = 2022 Caldish general election
| election_name      = 2022 Caldish general election
| country            = Caldia
| country            = Caldia
| previous_election  = [[2019 Caldish general election|2019]]
| previous_election  = [[2019 Caldish general election|2019]]
| next_election      = ''2027''
| next_election      = ''[[2027 Caldish general election|2027]]''
| election_date      = 12 June 2022
| election_date      = 12 June 2022
| seats_for_election = All 399 seats to the [[Tionól]]
| seats_for_election = All 399 seats to the [[Tionól]]
Line 12: Line 11:
| ongoing            = no
| ongoing            = no
| results_sec        =
| results_sec        =
| turnout            =  
| turnout            = 81.6% <small>({{decrease}} 6%)</small>
<!-- Social Democrats -->
<!-- Social Democrats -->
| party1            = [[Social Democratic Party (Caldia)|Social Democrats]]
| party1            = [[Social Democratic Party (Caldia)|Social Democrats]]
| colour1            = #EE2020
| colour1            = #EE2020
| party_leader1      = [[Stiofán Mac Suibhne]]
| party_leader1      = [[Stiofán Mac Suibhne]]
| percentage1        =  
| percentage1        = 36.58
| seats1            =
| seats1            = 184
| seats1_before      = 218
| seats1_before      = 218
<!-- Liberty -->
<!-- Liberty -->
| party2            = [[Liberty Party (Caldia)|Liberty Party]]
| party2            = [[Liberty Party (Caldia)|Liberty]]
| colour2            = Purple
| colour2            = Purple
| party_leader2      = [[Pádraig Mac Piarais]]
| party_leader2      = [[Áine Nic Gille]]
| percentage2        =  
| percentage2        = 19.6
| seats2            =  
| seats2            = 95
| seats2_before      = 89
| seats2_before      = 89
<!-- Nationals -->
<!-- Nationals -->
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| colour3            = #000080
| colour3            = #000080
| party_leader3      = Liam Ó Cuillinn
| party_leader3      = Liam Ó Cuillinn
| percentage3        =  
| percentage3        = 14
| seats3            =
| seats3            = 60
| seats3_before      = 57
| seats3_before      = 57
<!-- Centre -->
<!-- Centre -->
Line 38: Line 37:
| colour4            = #007b5e
| colour4            = #007b5e
| party_leader4      = Lachlann Mac an Fhleisteir
| party_leader4      = Lachlann Mac an Fhleisteir
| percentage4        =  
| percentage4        = 6.13
| seats4            =  
| seats4            = 19
| seats4_before      = 12
| seats4_before      = 12
<!-- Labour -->
<!-- Labour -->
| party5             = [[Democratic Left (Caldia)|Democratic Left]]
| party7             = [[Democratic Left (Caldia)|Democratic Left]]
| colour5           = #800000
| colour7           = #800000
| party_leader5     = Seán Ó Caoláin
| party_leader7     = Seán Ó Caoláin
| percentage5       =  
| percentage7       = 3.11
| seats5             =  
| seats7             = 6
| seats5_before     = 8
| seats7_before     = 8
<!-- Greens -->
<!-- Greens -->
| party6            = [[Green Party (Caldia)|Greens]]
| party6            = [[Green Party (Caldia)|Greens]]
| colour6            = #5d961c
| colour6            = #5d961c
| party_leader6      = Colm Ó Corráin<br>Ciara Nic Innes
| party_leader6      = Colm Ó Corráin<br>Ciara Nic Innes
| percentage6        =  
| percentage6        = 3.95
| seats6            =  
| seats6            = 8
| seats6_before      = 6
| seats6_before      = 6
<!-- Caldish Democrats -->
<!-- Caldish Democrats -->
| party7             = [[Caldish Democrats|Democrats]]
| party5             = [[Caldish Democrats|Democrats]]
| colour7           = #ffff33
| colour5           = Orange
| party_leader7     = Muirís Ó Branagáin
| party_leader5     = Muirís Ó Branagáin
| percentage7       =
| percentage5       = 4.8
| seats7             =  
| seats5            = 10
| seats7_before     = 5
| seats5_before      = 5
<!-- VOX -->
| party8            = [[Vox Together]]
| colour8            = #6699cc
| party_leader8      = Mahya Abedi<br>Treasa Maor
| percentage8        = 2.65
| seats8            = 5
| seats8_before      = New
<!-- LCOD -->
| party9             = [[Caoimhín Ó Dubhthaigh List|LCOD]]
| colour9            = #ff727b
| party_leader9     = Caoimhín Ó Dubhthaigh
| percentage9        = 2.51
| seats9            = 5
| seats9_before      = New
<!-- Pensioners -->
<!-- Pensioners -->
| party8             = [[Pensioners' Party|Pensioners]]
| party10             = [[Pensioners' Party|Pensioners]]
| colour8           = Black
| colour10           = Black
| party_leader8     = Ellie Níc Raghnaill
| party_leader10     = Ellie Níc Raghnail
| percentage8       =  
| percentage10       = 1.32
| seats8             =  
| seats10            = 1
| seats8_before     = 1
| seats10_before      = 1
<!-- Clane First -->
| party11            = [[Clane First]]
| colour11            = #00ADEF
| party_leader11      = Rían Ó Raghallaigh
| percentage11        = -
| seats11             = 1
| seats11_before     = New
<!-- Scarp Independence -->
| party12            = [[Scarp Independence]]
| colour12            = #99FF99
| party_leader12      = Pól Mac Giolla Eoin
| percentage12        = -
| seats12            = 1
| seats12_before      = New
<!-- Homeland -->
<!-- Homeland -->
| party9             = [[Homeland (Caithia)|Homeland]]
| party13             = [[Homeland (Caithia)|Homeland]]
| colour9           = #FFBF00
| colour13           = #FFBF00
| party_leader9     = Einion ap Calder
| party_leader13     = Einion ap Calder
| percentage9       =  
| percentage13       = -
| seats9             =  
| seats13             = 1
| seats9_before     = 1
| seats13_before     = 1


| map                =  
| map                =  
Line 85: Line 112:
| before_election    = [[Stiofán Mac Suibhne]]
| before_election    = [[Stiofán Mac Suibhne]]
| before_party      = [[Social Democratic Party (Caldia)|Social Democrats]]
| before_party      = [[Social Democratic Party (Caldia)|Social Democrats]]
| after_election    =  
| after_election    = [[Stiofán Mac Suibhne]]
| after_party        =  
| after_party        = [[Social Democratic Party (Caldia)|Social Democrats]]
}}
}}


A '''general election''' will be held in [[Caldia]] on 12 June 2022 to elect all 399 members of the [[Tionól]]. The elected members will then elect the [[Taoiseach of Caldia]].
A '''general election''' was held in [[Caldia]] on 12 June 2022 to elect all 399 members of the [[Tionól]]. The [[Social Democratic Party (Caldia)|Social Democratic Party]] won the largest share of the votes and overall seats.  
 
Elections in Caldia are part of a five-year cycle. The 2022 election will be held on 12 June regardless of a {{wp|snap election}}.  


Overall, the election saw gains for many of the other parties in the Tionól at the expense of the Social Democratic Party. The PSD saw a drop in its seat count and vote share after a historic showing in [[2019 Caldish general election|2019]]. [[Stiofán Mac Suibhne]], the incumbent [[Taoiseach of Caldia]], returned to lead a minority government with the support of the [[Centre Party (Caldia)|Centre Party]] and the [[Democratic Left (Caldia)|Democratic Left]].


==Background==
==Background==
The [[2019 Caldish general election|2019 general election]] saw the [[Social Democratic Party (Caldia)|Social Democratic Party]] win a majority of seats and form their first government in almost 200 years. The PSD won 218 seats with 48.8% of the vote. [[Stiofán Mac Suibhne]] became the taoiseach and has held the post since. The office opposition, led by [[Pádraig Mac Piarais]] of the [[Liberty Party (Caldia)|Liberty Party]], won 89 seats. Other opposition parties included the [[National Party (Caldia)|National Party]], the [[Centre Party (Caldia)|Centre Party]],  the [[Labour Party (Caldia)|Labour Party]] (now Democratic Left), the [[Green Party (Caldia)|Greens]], [[Caldish Democrats]], the [[Pensioners' Party]], and [[Homeland (Caithia)|Homeland]]. Two {{wp|Independent politican|Independents}} were also elected.  
The [[2019 Caldish general election|2019 general election]] saw the [[Social Democratic Party (Caldia)|Social Democratic Party]] win a majority of seats and form their first government in almost 20 years. The PSD won 218 seats with 48.8% of the vote. [[Stiofán Mac Suibhne]] became the taoiseach and has held the post since. The office opposition, led by [[Pádraig Mac Piarais]] of the [[Liberty Party (Caldia)|Liberty Party]], won 89 seats. Other opposition parties included the [[National Party (Caldia)|National Party]], the [[Centre Party (Caldia)|Centre Party]],  the [[Labour Party (Caldia)|Labour Party]] (now Democratic Left), the [[Green Party (Caldia)|Greens]], [[Caldish Democrats]], the [[Pensioners' Party]], and [[Homeland (Caithia)|Homeland]]. Two {{wp|Independent politican|Independents}} were also elected.  


The government passed the Instrument for Governance Act of 2021, reforming the constitution. The [[Comhthionól Náisiúnta]] effectively became the {{wp|unicameralism|unicameral}} [[Tionól]] starting on 12 May 2021.
The government passed the Instrument for Governance Act of 2021, reforming the constitution. The [[Comhthionól Náisiúnta]] effectively became the {{wp|unicameralism|unicameral}} [[Tionól]] starting on 12 May 2021.
==Electoral system==
==Electoral system==
Of the 399 members of the Tionól, 200 are elected in multi-member constituencies and 199 are selected based on a party's vote share. The presiding officer is automatically re-elected if standing again, but the incumbent had retired meaning all 399 seats were contested.  
Of the 399 members of the Tionól, 200 are elected in multi-member constituencies and 199 are selected based on a party's vote share. The presiding officer is automatically re-elected if standing again, but if the incumbent retires  all 399 seats would be contested.  


Members are elected using {{wp|mixed-member proportional representation}}. Caldia has 52 multi-member constituencies. Each consistency consists of three to five members. Members are selected using a version of {{wp|single-transferable vote}} known as the Ní Dochartaigh method. Under this process, voters rank candidates by first and second preference. Unlike other methods of single transferable vote, they can only rank candidates in this order and cannot transfer their vote to more than one additional candidate.  
Members are elected using {{wp|mixed-member proportional representation}}. Caldia has 52 multi-member constituencies. Each consistency consists of three to five members. Members are selected using a version of {{wp|single-transferable vote}} known as the Ní Dochartaigh method. Under this process, voters rank candidates by first and second preference. Unlike other methods of single transferable vote, they can only rank candidates in this order and cannot transfer their vote to more than one additional candidate.  
Line 105: Line 131:
The remaining members are allocated to parties who rank their candidates on an {{wp|open list}} in which voters can rank candidates on their own. Voters can either support a party's top candidate or give their vote to another candidate on the list. This could allow a candidate to move up the list. For this to occur, a candidate must receive more than 25% of the total number of votes cast for the party. This allows for parties to retain significant control over candidates elected on the open list.
The remaining members are allocated to parties who rank their candidates on an {{wp|open list}} in which voters can rank candidates on their own. Voters can either support a party's top candidate or give their vote to another candidate on the list. This could allow a candidate to move up the list. For this to occur, a candidate must receive more than 25% of the total number of votes cast for the party. This allows for parties to retain significant control over candidates elected on the open list.


For a new party to become eligible, it has to register the support of 25,000 registered voters with the Caldish Electoral Board before 12 May 2021. For a new party to enter the Tionól it had to receive more than 2.5% of the national vote share or win a seat in a multi-member constituency. {{wp|Independent politician|Independent}}s only require the support of 10,000 registered voters, making ballot access easier.
For a new party to become eligible, it has to register the support of 25,000 registered voters with the Caldish Electoral Board before 12 May 2021. For a new party to enter the Tionól it has to receive more than 2.5% of the national vote share or win a seat in a multi-member constituency. {{wp|Independent politician|Independent}}s only require the support of 10,000 registered voters, making ballot access easier.


==Participating parties==
==Participating parties==
Line 111: Line 137:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+Parties contesting the elections
|+Parties contesting the elections
! colspan="3" |Party
! rowspan="2" colspan="3" |Party
!Leader
! rowspan="2" colspan="1" |Leader(s)
! colspan="2" |Last election
! colspan="2" |Last election
|-
! Votes (%)
! Seats
|-
|-
|-
| bgcolor="#EE2020" |
| bgcolor="#EE2020" |
|PSD
|'''PSD'''
|[[Social Democratic Party (Caldia)|Social Democratic Party]]
|[[Social Democratic Party (Caldia)|Social Democratic Party]]
|[[Stiofán Mac Suibhne]]
|[[Stiofán Mac Suibhne]]
|align=right|48.8
|align=right|48.8
|align=right|218 seats
|align=right|{{Composition bar|218|399|#EE2020}}
|-
|-
| bgcolor="Purple" |
| bgcolor="Purple" |
|S
|'''S'''
|[[Liberty Party (Caldia)|Liberty Party]]
|[[Liberty Party (Caldia)|Liberty Party]]
|[[Pádraig Mac Piarais]]
|[[Áine Nic Gille]]
|align=right|18.4
|align=right|18.4
|align=right|89 seats
|align=right|{{Composition bar|89|399|Purple}}
|-
|-
| bgcolor="#000080" |
| bgcolor="#000080" |
|PN
|'''PN'''
|[[National Party (Caldia)|National Party]]
|[[National Party (Caldia)|National Party]]
|Liam Ó Cuillinn
|Liam Ó Cuillinn
|align=right|13.6
|align=right|13.6
|align=right|57 seats
|align=right|{{Composition bar|57|399|#000080}}
|-
| bgcolor="#800000" |
|'''DC'''
|[[Democratic Left (Caldia)|Democratic Left]]
|Seán Ó Caoláin
|align=right|4
|align=right|{{Composition bar|8|399|#800000}}
|-
|-
| bgcolor="#007b5e" |
| bgcolor="#007b5e" |
|PM
|'''PM'''
|[[Centre Party (Caldia)|Centre Party]]
|[[Centre Party (Caldia)|Centre Party]]
|Lachlann Mac an Fhleisteir
|Lachlann Mac an Fhleisteir
|align=right|4
|align=right|12 seats
|-
| bgcolor="#800000" |
|DC
|[[Democratic Left (Caldia)|Democratic Left]]
|Seán Ó Caoláin
|align=right|3.1
|align=right|3.1
|align=right|8 seats
|align=right|{{Composition bar|12|399|#007b5e}}
|-
|-
| bgcolor="#5d961c" |
| bgcolor="#5d961c" |
|G
|'''G'''
|[[The Greens (Caldia)|The Greens]]
|[[The Greens (Caldia)|The Greens]]
|Colm Ó Corráin<br>Ciara Nic Innes
|Colm Ó Corráin<br>Ciara Nic Innes
|align=right|3
|align=right|3
|align=right|6 seats
|align=right|{{Composition bar|6|399|#5d961c}}
|-
|-
| bgcolor="#ffff33" |
| bgcolor="orange" |
|D
|'''D'''
|[[Caldish Democrats]]
|[[Caldish Democrats]]
|Muirís Ó Branagáin
|Muirís Ó Branagáin
|align=right|2.5
|align=right|2.5
|align=right|5 seats
|align=right|{{Composition bar|5|399|#ffff33}}
|-
|-
| bgcolor="Black" |
| bgcolor="Black" |
|PP
|'''PP'''
|[[Pensioners' Party|Pensioners]]
|[[Pensioners' Party|Pensioners]]
|Ellie Níc Raghnaill
|Ellie Níc Raghnaill
|align=right|1.2
|align=right|1.2
|align=right|1 seat
|align=right|{{Composition bar|1|399|black}}
|-
|-
| bgcolor="#FFBF00" |
| bgcolor="#FFBF00" |
|M/TD
|'''M/TD'''
|[[Homeland (Caithia)|Homeland]]
|[[Homeland (Caithia)|Homeland]]
|Einion ap Calder
|Einion ap Calder
|align=right|.2
|align=right|.2
|align=right|1 seat
|align=right|{{Composition bar|1|399|#FFBF00}}
|-
|-
| bgcolor="Grey" |
| bgcolor="Grey" |
|N
|'''N'''
|{{wp|Independent politician|Independents}}  
|{{wp|Independent politician|Independents}}  
|Individual candidates
|Individual candidates
|align=right|1.3
|align=right|1.3
|align=right|2 seats
|align=right|{{Composition bar|2|399|#grey}}
|-
! colspan="8" |Extra-parliamentary parties
|-
| bgcolor="#D9B3FF" |
|'''PNG'''
|[[Caldish Independence Party]]
|Aisling Nic an t-Saoir
|align=right|2.3
|align=right|''none''
|-
| bgcolor="#FF6600" |
|'''PD'''
|Humanist Party
|Sinéad Nic an t-Saoir
|align=right|.4
|align=right|''none''
|-
| bgcolor="#0b8e36" |
|'''PnA'''
|Party for the Animals
|Collective leadership
|align=right|.3
|align=right|''none''
|-
| bgcolor="#D25469" |
|'''Y/AA'''
|[[Forward (Caithia)|Forward]]
|Duane ap Drummond
|align=right|.2
|align=right|''none''
|-
| bgcolor="C136A3" |
|'''PT'''
|[[Future Party (Caldia)|Future Party]]
|Deirdre Nic Chuilinn
|align=right|.2
|align=right|''none''
|-
| bgcolor="#8dc63f" |
|'''CA'''
|[[Highland Alliance]]
|Fionnbharr Mac Lulaich
|align=right|.1
|align=right|''none''
|-
| bgcolor="#c71585" |
|'''P'''
|The Party
|Eoghan Ó Cadhla
|align=right|.1
|align=right|''none''
|-
| bgcolor="#00ADEF" |
|'''CD'''
|[[Clane First]]
|Rían Ó Raghallaigh
|colspan="2"|''did not contest''
|-
| bgcolor="#ff727b" |
|'''LCOD'''
|[[Caoimhín Ó Dubhthaigh List]]
|Caoimhín Ó Dubhthaigh
|colspan="2"|''did not exist''
|-
| bgcolor="#6699cc" |
|'''VOX'''
|[[Vox Together]]
|Mahya Abedi<br>Treasa Maor
|colspan="2"|''did not exist''
|-
|-
|}
|}


==Campaign issues==
The campaign officially began on 12 May when the Tionól was dissolved and entered the general election recess. Before the start of the formal campaign, several issues had emerged that would come to define the campaign. The Mac Suibhne government's agenda, namely its policies regarding taxation and increased spending, were key issues debated by opposition parties.
Other issues at the forefront of the campaign where good governance, environmentalism, immigration, and social cohesiveness. Mac Suibhne was criticized for his long-standing support of Gearóid Mac Mhaighstir, a former [[Cabinet of Caldia|Labour Minister]]. The PSD ran on an anti-corruption message in 2019 and was accused of abandoning that by opposition parties, namely the newly formed [[Caoimhín Ó Dubhthaigh List]].
There were four debates where these issues were debated by party leaders of all incumbent parties in the Tionól. There was one head to head debate between Mac Suibhne and [[Áine Nic Gille]], leader of the Liberty Party. A special debate centered around [[Caithia]] was also held.
==Opinion polls==
[[File:Caldish 2022 Polling Averages.png|thumb|850px|left|950px|Graphical summary of the average of polls conducted for the general election since February 2019.]]
==Results==
{| style="width:90%; text-align:center;"
|+↓
|- style="color:white;"
| style="background:#EE2020; width:46.1%;" |'''184'''
| style="background:Purple; width:23.8%;" |'''95'''
| style="background:#000080; width:15%;" |'''60'''
| style="background:#007b5e; width:4.8%;" |'''19'''
| style="background:orange; width:2.5%;" |'''10'''
| style="background:#5d961c; width:2%;" |'''8'''
| style="background:#800000; width:1.5;" |'''6'''
| style="background:#0000ff; width:1.3;" |'''5'''
| style="background:#ff727b; width:1.3;" |'''5'''
| style="background:Black; width:0.3%;" |'''1'''
| style="background:#00ADEF; width:0.3%;" |'''1'''
| style="background:#99FF99; width:0.3%;" |'''1'''
| style="background:#FFBF00; width:0.3%;" |'''1'''
| style="background:grey; width:0.8%;" |'''3'''
|-
|{{color|#EE2020|'''PSD'''}}
|{{color|Purple|'''Liberty'''}}
|{{color|#000080|'''PN'''}}
|{{color|#007b5e|'''PM'''}}
|{{color|orange|'''DG'''}}
|{{color|#5d961c|'''G'''}}
|{{color|#800000|'''DC'''}}
|{{color|Black|}}
|{{color|Black|}}
|{{color|Black|}}
|{{color|Black|}}
|{{color|Black|}}
|{{color|#FFBF00|}}
|{{color|grey|'''Ind.'''}}
|}{{Pie chart
|caption=Open list vote share of different parties in the election.
|other = yes
|value1 = 36.58
|label1 = [[Social Democratic Party (Caldia)|Social Democrats]]
|color1 = #EE2020
|value2 = 19.6
|label2 = [[Liberty Party (Caldia)|Liberty Party]]
|color2 = Purple
|value3 = 14
|label3 = [[National Party (Caldia)|National Party]]
|color3 = #000080
|value4 = 4
|label4 =  [[Centre Party (Caldia)|Centre Party]]
|color4 = #007b5e
|value7 = 6.13
|label7 = [[Democratic Left (Caldia)|Democratic Left]]
|color7 = #800000
|value6 = 3.95
|label6 = [[Green Party (Caldia)|The Greens]]
|color6 = #5d961c
|value5 = 4.8
|label5 = [[Caldish Democrats]]
|color5 = orange
|value8 = 2.65
|label8 = [[Vox Together]]
|color8 = #6699cc
|value9 = 2.51
|label9= [[Caoimhín Ó Dubhthaigh List|LCOD]]
|color9 = #ff727b
|value11 = 1.32
|label11 = [[Pensioners' Party]]
|color11 = Black
|value10 = 1.8
|label10 = [[Caldish Independence Party]]
|color10 = #D9B3FF
}}
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
!colspan=7|[[File:Tionól_Composition_2022.svg|380px]]
|-
!colspan=2|Party
!Votes
!%
!Seats
!+/–
|-
|-
|bgcolor=#EE2020| ||align=left|[[Social Democratic Party (Caldia)|Social Democratic Party]] (PSD)||2,230,286||36.58||184||-34
|-
|bgcolor=Purple| ||align=left|[[Liberty Party (Caldia)|Liberty Party]] (S)||1,194,698||19.6||95||+6
|-
|bgcolor=#000080| ||align=left|[[National Party (Caldia)|National Party]] (PN)||853,562||14||60||+3
|-
|bgcolor=#007b5e| ||align=left|[[Centre Party (Caldia)|Centre Party]] (PM)||373,504||6.13||19||+7
|-
|bgcolor=orange| ||align=left|[[Caldish Democrats]] (DG)||240,521||4.8||10||+5
|-
|bgcolor=#5d961c| ||align=left|[[Green Party (Caldia)|The Greens]] (G)||292,478||3.95||8||+2
|-
|bgcolor=#800000| ||align=left|[[Democratic Left (Caldia)|Democratic Left]] (DC)||189,899||3.11||6||-2
|-
|bgcolor=#6699cc| ||align=left|[[Vox Together]] (VOX)||161,552||2.3||5||+5
|-
|bgcolor=#ff727b| ||align=left|[[Caoimhín Ó Dubhthaigh List]] (LCOD)||153,183||2.51||5||+5
|-
|bgcolor=Black| ||align=left|[[Pensioners' Party]] (PP)||80,546||1.31||1||–
|-
|bgcolor=#00ADEF| ||align=left|[[Clane First]] (CD)||–||–||1||+1
|-
|bgcolor=#99FF99| ||align=left|[[Scarp Independence]] (NS)||–||–||1||+1
|-
|bgcolor=#FFBF00| ||align=left|[[Homeland (Caithia)|Homeland]] (M/TD)||–||–||1||–
|-
|bgcolor=#9966CC| ||align=left|[[Caldish Independence Party]] (PNG)||109,478||1.8||0||–
|-
|bgcolor=#C136A3| ||align=left|[[Future Party (Caldia)|Future Party]] (PT)||34,893||.57||0||–
|-
|bgcolor=#8dc63f| ||align=left|[[Highland Alliance]] (CA)||13,335||.22||0||–
|-
|bgcolor=#c71585| ||align=left|[[List of political parties in Caldia|The Party]] (P)||11,902||.2||0||–
|-
|bgcolor=Brown| ||align=left|[[List of political parties in Caldia|Country Party]] (PT)||8751||.11||0||–
|-
|bgcolor=#FF6600| ||align=left|[[List of political parties in Caldia|Humanist Party]] (PD)||6584||.11||0||–
|-
|bgcolor=aqua| ||align=left|[[List of political parties in Caldia|Together for Peace]] (LCS)||6437||.11||0||–
|-
|bgcolor=#a22f32| ||align=left|[[List of political parties in Caldia|SOLIDARITY - We Can!]] (D-IFL)||5437||.11||0||–
|-
|bgcolor=#00a88f| ||align=left|[[List of political parties in Caldia|Better Caldia]] (GNF)||4096||.07||0||–
|-
|bgcolor=#0b8e36| ||align=left|[[List of political parties in Caldia|Party for the Animals]] (PnA)||4004||.07||0||–
|-
|bgcolor=#CCCCCC| ||align=left|[[List of political parties in Caldia|Senior Citizens' Party of Caldia]] (PSG)||3410||.06||0||–
|-
|bgcolor=Red| ||align=left|[[List of political parties in Caldia|People Over Corporations]] (DTC)||3351||.05||0||–
|-
|bgcolor=darkorange| ||align=left|[[List of political parties in Caldia|Sotirian People's Party]] (PPS)||2997||.05||0||–
|-
|bgcolor=Black| ||align=left|[[List of political parties in Caldia|No More!]] (Ea)||2871||.05||0||–
|-
|bgcolor=crimson| ||align=left|[[List of political parties in Caldia|Free and Equal]] (SC)||2476||.04||0||–
|-
|bgcolor=#FFF000| ||align=left|[[List of political parties in Caldia|Party for the East]] (PO)||1783||.03||0||–
|-
|bgcolor=Olive| ||align=left|[[List of political parties in Caldia|Irfanic Democrats]] (DI)||1239||.02||0||–
|-
|bgcolor={{Independent politician/meta/color}}| ||align=left|Independents||75,454||1.24||3||+1
|-
|align=left colspan=2|Invalid/blank votes||44,228 ||–||–||–
|-
|align=left colspan=2|'''Total'''||'''6,112,955'''||'''100'''||'''399'''||'''0'''
|-
|align=left colspan=2|Registered voters/turnout||7,495,142||81.6||–||–
|-
|}
==Aftermath==
The Social Democratic Party was returned as the largest party. When the newly elected Tionól was seated on 20 June. [[Claudia Kubenea]] was elected as the {{wp|Speaker (politics)|Ceann Comhairle}}.
As the leader of the largest party, Mac Suibhne was invited by King [[Kenneth IV]] to form a second government. Mac Suibhne began talks with the Centre Party and the Democratic Left soon after. The three parties were seen as unlikely of forming a coalition government, Mac Suibhne was speculated to be working to earn their support to form a minority government. Negotiations continued through the summer recess and an agreement was announced on 10 August 2022. After the [[Tionól]] returned from recess, the second Mac Suibhne government was formed after a vote named him as taoiseach.
As a minority government, the Social Democrats relied on the Centre Party and Democratic Left to pass budget motions. Other minor opposition parties also supported these motions.
== See also  ==
* [[2022 national electoral calendar (Kylaris)|2022 national electoral calendar]]
[[Category:Elections in Caldia]]
[[Category:Elections in Caldia]]

Latest revision as of 15:19, 28 July 2023

2022 Caldish general election
Caldia
← 2019 12 June 2022 2027 →
All 399 seats to the Tionól
200 seats needed for a majority
Turnout81.6% (Decrease 6%)
Party Leader % Seats ±
Social Democrats Stiofán Mac Suibhne 36.58 184 -34
Liberty Áine Nic Gille 19.6 95 +6
Nationals Liam Ó Cuillinn 14 60 +3
Centre Lachlann Mac an Fhleisteir 6.13 19 +7
Democrats Muirís Ó Branagáin 4.8 10 +5
Greens Colm Ó Corráin
Ciara Nic Innes 		3.95 8 +2
Democratic Left Seán Ó Caoláin 3.11 6 -2
Vox Together Mahya Abedi
Treasa Maor 		2.65 5 New
LCOD Caoimhín Ó Dubhthaigh 2.51 5 New
Pensioners Ellie Níc Raghnail 1.32 1 0
Clane First Rían Ó Raghallaigh - 1 New
Scarp Independence Pól Mac Giolla Eoin - 1 New
Homeland Einion ap Calder - 1 0
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Taoiseach before Taoiseach after
Stiofán Mac Suibhne
Social Democrats		 Stiofán Mac Suibhne
Social Democrats

A general election was held in Caldia on 12 June 2022 to elect all 399 members of the Tionól. The Social Democratic Party won the largest share of the votes and overall seats.

Overall, the election saw gains for many of the other parties in the Tionól at the expense of the Social Democratic Party. The PSD saw a drop in its seat count and vote share after a historic showing in 2019. Stiofán Mac Suibhne, the incumbent Taoiseach of Caldia, returned to lead a minority government with the support of the Centre Party and the Democratic Left.

Background

The 2019 general election saw the Social Democratic Party win a majority of seats and form their first government in almost 20 years. The PSD won 218 seats with 48.8% of the vote. Stiofán Mac Suibhne became the taoiseach and has held the post since. The office opposition, led by Pádraig Mac Piarais of the Liberty Party, won 89 seats. Other opposition parties included the National Party, the Centre Party, the Labour Party (now Democratic Left), the Greens, Caldish Democrats, the Pensioners' Party, and Homeland. Two Independents were also elected.

The government passed the Instrument for Governance Act of 2021, reforming the constitution. The Comhthionól Náisiúnta effectively became the unicameral Tionól starting on 12 May 2021.

Electoral system

Of the 399 members of the Tionól, 200 are elected in multi-member constituencies and 199 are selected based on a party's vote share. The presiding officer is automatically re-elected if standing again, but if the incumbent retires all 399 seats would be contested.

Members are elected using mixed-member proportional representation. Caldia has 52 multi-member constituencies. Each consistency consists of three to five members. Members are selected using a version of single-transferable vote known as the Ní Dochartaigh method. Under this process, voters rank candidates by first and second preference. Unlike other methods of single transferable vote, they can only rank candidates in this order and cannot transfer their vote to more than one additional candidate.

The remaining members are allocated to parties who rank their candidates on an open list in which voters can rank candidates on their own. Voters can either support a party's top candidate or give their vote to another candidate on the list. This could allow a candidate to move up the list. For this to occur, a candidate must receive more than 25% of the total number of votes cast for the party. This allows for parties to retain significant control over candidates elected on the open list.

For a new party to become eligible, it has to register the support of 25,000 registered voters with the Caldish Electoral Board before 12 May 2021. For a new party to enter the Tionól it has to receive more than 2.5% of the national vote share or win a seat in a multi-member constituency. Independents only require the support of 10,000 registered voters, making ballot access easier.

Participating parties

Parties contesting the elections
Party Leader(s) Last election
Votes (%) Seats
PSD Social Democratic Party Stiofán Mac Suibhne 48.8
218 / 399
S Liberty Party Áine Nic Gille 18.4
89 / 399
PN National Party Liam Ó Cuillinn 13.6
57 / 399
DC Democratic Left Seán Ó Caoláin 4
8 / 399
PM Centre Party Lachlann Mac an Fhleisteir 3.1
12 / 399
G The Greens Colm Ó Corráin
Ciara Nic Innes 		3
6 / 399
D Caldish Democrats Muirís Ó Branagáin 2.5
5 / 399
PP Pensioners Ellie Níc Raghnaill 1.2
1 / 399
M/TD Homeland Einion ap Calder .2
1 / 399
N Independents Individual candidates 1.3
2 / 399
Extra-parliamentary parties
PNG Caldish Independence Party Aisling Nic an t-Saoir 2.3 none
PD Humanist Party Sinéad Nic an t-Saoir .4 none
PnA Party for the Animals Collective leadership .3 none
Y/AA Forward Duane ap Drummond .2 none
PT Future Party Deirdre Nic Chuilinn .2 none
CA Highland Alliance Fionnbharr Mac Lulaich .1 none
P The Party Eoghan Ó Cadhla .1 none
CD Clane First Rían Ó Raghallaigh did not contest
LCOD Caoimhín Ó Dubhthaigh List Caoimhín Ó Dubhthaigh did not exist
VOX Vox Together Mahya Abedi
Treasa Maor 		did not exist

Campaign issues

The campaign officially began on 12 May when the Tionól was dissolved and entered the general election recess. Before the start of the formal campaign, several issues had emerged that would come to define the campaign. The Mac Suibhne government's agenda, namely its policies regarding taxation and increased spending, were key issues debated by opposition parties.

Other issues at the forefront of the campaign where good governance, environmentalism, immigration, and social cohesiveness. Mac Suibhne was criticized for his long-standing support of Gearóid Mac Mhaighstir, a former Labour Minister. The PSD ran on an anti-corruption message in 2019 and was accused of abandoning that by opposition parties, namely the newly formed Caoimhín Ó Dubhthaigh List.

There were four debates where these issues were debated by party leaders of all incumbent parties in the Tionól. There was one head to head debate between Mac Suibhne and Áine Nic Gille, leader of the Liberty Party. A special debate centered around Caithia was also held.

Opinion polls

Graphical summary of the average of polls conducted for the general election since February 2019.





















Results

↓
184 95 60 19 10 8 6 5 5 1 1 1 1 3
PSD Liberty PN PM DG G DC Ind.

Open list vote share of different parties in the election.

  Social Democrats (36.58%)
  Liberty Party (19.6%)
  National Party (14%)
  Centre Party (4%)
  Caldish Democrats (4.8%)
  The Greens (3.95%)
  Democratic Left (6.13%)
  Vox Together (2.65%)
  LCOD (2.51%)
  Caldish Independence Party (1.8%)
  Pensioners' Party (1.32%)
  Other (2.66%)
Tionól Composition 2022.svg
Party Votes % Seats +/–
Social Democratic Party (PSD) 2,230,286 36.58 184 -34
Liberty Party (S) 1,194,698 19.6 95 +6
National Party (PN) 853,562 14 60 +3
Centre Party (PM) 373,504 6.13 19 +7
Caldish Democrats (DG) 240,521 4.8 10 +5
The Greens (G) 292,478 3.95 8 +2
Democratic Left (DC) 189,899 3.11 6 -2
Vox Together (VOX) 161,552 2.3 5 +5
Caoimhín Ó Dubhthaigh List (LCOD) 153,183 2.51 5 +5
Pensioners' Party (PP) 80,546 1.31 1 –
Clane First (CD) – – 1 +1
Scarp Independence (NS) – – 1 +1
Homeland (M/TD) – – 1 –
Caldish Independence Party (PNG) 109,478 1.8 0 –
Future Party (PT) 34,893 .57 0 –
Highland Alliance (CA) 13,335 .22 0 –
The Party (P) 11,902 .2 0 –
Country Party (PT) 8751 .11 0 –
Humanist Party (PD) 6584 .11 0 –
Together for Peace (LCS) 6437 .11 0 –
SOLIDARITY - We Can! (D-IFL) 5437 .11 0 –
Better Caldia (GNF) 4096 .07 0 –
Party for the Animals (PnA) 4004 .07 0 –
Senior Citizens' Party of Caldia (PSG) 3410 .06 0 –
People Over Corporations (DTC) 3351 .05 0 –
Sotirian People's Party (PPS) 2997 .05 0 –
No More! (Ea) 2871 .05 0 –
Free and Equal (SC) 2476 .04 0 –
Party for the East (PO) 1783 .03 0 –
Irfanic Democrats (DI) 1239 .02 0 –
Independents 75,454 1.24 3 +1
Invalid/blank votes 44,228 – – –
Total 6,112,955 100 399 0
Registered voters/turnout 7,495,142 81.6 – –

Aftermath

The Social Democratic Party was returned as the largest party. When the newly elected Tionól was seated on 20 June. Claudia Kubenea was elected as the Ceann Comhairle.

As the leader of the largest party, Mac Suibhne was invited by King Kenneth IV to form a second government. Mac Suibhne began talks with the Centre Party and the Democratic Left soon after. The three parties were seen as unlikely of forming a coalition government, Mac Suibhne was speculated to be working to earn their support to form a minority government. Negotiations continued through the summer recess and an agreement was announced on 10 August 2022. After the Tionól returned from recess, the second Mac Suibhne government was formed after a vote named him as taoiseach.

As a minority government, the Social Democrats relied on the Centre Party and Democratic Left to pass budget motions. Other minor opposition parties also supported these motions.

See also

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