Sunalaya

Sunalaya

Political map of Sunalaya
Designations
Alternative names	"The World", "Earth"
Orbital characteristics
Periastron	147,095,000 km
Apoastron	149,598,261 km
Semi-major axis	149,598,261 km
Eccentricity	0.01671123
Orbital period	365.256363004 d
Average orbital speed	29.78 km/s
Inclination	7.155 deg to Sun's equator; 1.57869 deg to invariable plane; 0.00005 deg to J2000 ecliptic
Known satellites	The Moon Over 1107 Artificial Satelites large amounts of debris
Physical characteristics
Mean radius	-Work in Progress-
Surface area	-Work in Progress-
Volume	-Work in Progress-
Mass	-Work in Progress-
Mean density	-Work in Progress-
Surface gravity	-Work in Progress-
Moment of inertia factor	0.3307
Escape velocity	11.186 km/s
Albedo	0.367 geometric 0.306 Bond

Sunalaya, also called the world and, less frequently, earth, is the third planet from the Sun, the densest planet in the Sunalay System and the only astronomical object known to accommodate life. The earliest life on Sunalaya arose at least 3.5 billion years ago. Sunalaya's biodiversity has expanded continually except when interrupted by mass extinctions in its past. Although scholars estimate that over 99 percent of all species that ever lived on the planet are extinct, Sunalaya is currently home to 10–14 million species of life, including billions of humans who depend upon its biosphere and minerals. Sunalaya's human population is divided among about 72 sovereign states which interact through diplomacy, conflict, travel, trade, and communication.

Chronology

Main article: History of Sunalaya

See also: Historical Timeline of Sunalaya

Formation

The oldest material found in the Solar System is dated to 4.5672±0.0006 billion years ago (Bya). By 4.54±0.04 Bya, the primordial Sunalaya had formed. The bodies in the Solar System formed and evolved with the Sun. In theory, a solar nebula partitions a volume out of a molecular cloud by gravitational collapse, which begins to spin and flatten into a circumstellar disk, and then the Planets grow out of that disk, as pieces of dust and asteroids collide, creating small planets which orbit around the Sun. A nebula contains gas, ice grains, and dust (including primordial nuclides). According to nebular theory, planetesimals formed by accretion, with the primordial Sunalay taking 10–20 million years (Mys) to form.

A subject of research is the formation of the Moon. A leading hypothesis is that it was formed by accretion from material lost from Sunalaya after an Ares-sized object, named Morkana, hit Sunalaya. In this view, the mass of Morkana was approximately 9.8 percent of Sunalaya, it hit Sunalaya with a glancing blow, and while much of the material re-integrated with Sunalaya, it is believed that the material which didn't fell into orbit and gave Sunalaya a beautiful set of rings for several thousand years. As this material floated in its orbit, slowly over time, we believe it coalesced into an object, which is now our Moon.

Geological History

Artistic concept of the primordial Sunalaya when it was much hotter and hostile to life

Sunalaya's atmosphere and oceans were formed by volcanic activity and outgassing. Water vapor from these sources condensed into the oceans, augmented by water and ice from asteroids, protoplanets, and comets. In this model, atmospheric "greenhouse gases" kept the oceans from freezing when the newly forming Sun had only 70% of its current luminosity. By 3.5 Bya, Sunalya's magnetic field was established, which helped prevent the atmosphere from being stripped away by the solar wind. We believe the extremely hot, molten core of Sunalaya, combined with its rotational effects is what gives Sunalaya its thick magnetic field.

A crust formed when the molten outer layer of Sunalaya cooled to form a solid. The two models that explain land mass propose either a steady growth to the present-day forms or, more likely, a rapid growth early in Sunalaya's history followed by a long-term steady continental area. Natural continents are formed by plate tectonics, a process ultimately driven by the continuous loss of heat from Sunalaya's interior. Over the period of hundreds of millions of years, the supercontinents have assembled, and broken apart several times. The most well known of the supercontinents is Sunagea, which was proposed by a Rezuan Scientist in the 1950s after he looked at a map and realized that with some minor tectonic movements, the continents could easily fit together.

The present pattern of ice ages began about 40 Million years ago (Mya). High-latitude regions have since undergone repeated cycles of glaciation and thaw, repeating about every 40,000–100,000 years. The last continental glaciation ended 10,000 years ago.

Despite the fact that humans have never gone even close to below the crust, we know it only makes up 1% of Sunalaya's mass. In fact, recent studies estimate that Sunalaya's crust actually may have less mass than all the Humans which live on it.

Organic History

The first ancestor of life on Sunalaya was appeared roughly four Bya, after we believe chemical reactions led to the first self-replicating molecules. Over time, with the first evidence of photosynthesis, these molecules became more and more complex, eventually forming basic multicellular life.

There have been multiple mass extinctions during Sunalaya's history, however many species survive through these events, particularly: Fish and Marine Mammals, Underground Dwellers, and Avians. The cause of some of the mass extinctions is still unknown, though we do know that the most recent one, which happened around 66 Mya was caused by a roughly 1.23km wide meteor.

Geography and Climate

Stratocumulus clouds over the ocean, viewed from orbit

Sunalaya is classified by the USA, and most space agencies as a class-M planet, meaning it has a breathable atmosphere, vegetation, and is capable of animal life. Sunalaya is the only planet which we know for sure is a class-M planet, though, extensive research tells us it is likely there are millions if not billions of class-M planets within our solar system alone. Sunalaya has a nitrogen-oxygen atmosphere, and rocky crust, saltwater oceans, and freshwater lakes, along with hundreds of biomes, making it the most ideal planet we know of for Human and otherwise animal life.

Natural Geography

Sunalaya has two magnetic poles, one referred to as the Northern Pole and one as the Southern Pole; because these areas get so little sun exposure compared to the rest of the planet, these areas remain in an almost constant state of frozen desolation. The very cold and inhabitability of the poles ironically is what has attracted humans to such areas in recent years, as they are the least touched areas on Sunalaya by humans, making theme rich natural studying grounds. The area around the north pole is also called "Sunarctic", and its skies are lit up with the Aurora Borealis which sheds a green light on the snowy landscape. This phenomenon is caused by charged particles colliding with the planet's atmosphere. The southernmost regions, Sunarctica, hosts a similar light show called the Aurora Australis.

Sunalaya is made up of mountain ranges, vast deserts, lakes, oceans, rainforests, swamps, woods, plains, the list goes on, each of these "biomes" or "habitats" hold different types of species due to their differences in things like sunlight, food, microorganisms, and water.

Human Geography

The planet is divided into six continents: Corentia, Ventismar, Ophion, Ziamban, Neptorea, and Sunarctica. There are dozens of Nations throughout Sunalaya, ranging from massive countries with a population over a billion, to small island atolls.

Composition and Structure

Geologic layers of Sunalaya

The shape of Sunalaya approximates an oblate spheroid, a sphere flattened along the axis from pole to pole such that there is a bulge around the equator. This bulge results from the rotation of Sunalaya, and causes the diameter at the equator to be 43 kilometers (27 mi) larger than the pole-to-pole diameter.

Tectonic plates

Tectonic plates are composed of oceanic lithosphere and thicker continental lithosphere, each topped by its own kind of crust. Along convergent boundaries, subduction carries plates into the mantle; the material lost is roughly balanced by the formation of new (oceanic) crust along divergent margins by seafloor spreading. In this way, the total surface of the globe remains the same. This prediction of plate tectonics is also referred to as the conveyor belt principle. Earlier theories (that still have some supporters) propose gradual shrinking (contraction) or gradual expansion of the globe.

Tectonic plates are able to move because Sunalaya's lithosphere has greater strength than the underlying asthenosphere. Lateral density variations in the mantle result in convection. Plate movement is thought to be driven by a combination of the motion of the seafloor away from the spreading ridge (due to variations in topography and density of the crust, which result in differences in gravitational forces) and drag, with downward suction, at the subduction zones. Another explanation lies in the different forces generated by the rotation of the globe and the tidal forces of the Sun and Moon. The relative importance of each of these factors and their relationship to each other is unclear, and still the subject of much debate.

Surface

Main articles: Lithosphere, Landform, and Extreme points of Earth

Features of Sunalaya's solid surface shown as percentages of the planet's total surface area

  Oceanic ridges (22.1%)

  Ocean basin floors (29.8%)

  Continental mountains (10.3%)

  Continental lowlands (18.9%)

  Continental shelves and slopes (11.4%)

  Continental rise (3.8%)

  Volcanic island arcs, trenches, submarine volcanoes, and hills (3.7%)

Sunalaya's terrain varies greatly from place to place. About 70.8% of the surface is covered by water, with much of the continental shelf below sea level. This equates to 361.132 million km2 (139.43 million sq mi). The submerged surface has mountainous features, including a globe-spanning mid-ocean ridge system, as well as undersea volcanoes, oceanic trenches, submarine canyons, oceanic plateaus and abyssal plains. The remaining 29.2% (148.94 million km2, or 57.51 million sq mi) not covered by water consists of mountains, deserts, plains, plateaus, and other landforms.

The planetary surface undergoes reshaping over geological time periods due to tectonics and erosion. The surface features built up or deformed through plate tectonics are subject to steady weathering and erosion from precipitation, thermal cycles, and chemical effects. Glaciation, coastal erosion, the build-up of coral reefs, and large meteorite impacts[94] also act to reshape the landscape.

Mythology

The Creation At first there was the east. The east said "There be light", and the west started to burn, this is how light appeared. Then, the east said "I want the stronk humans to appear", and the stronk eastern people appeared and started to bully the westerners. At last, the east said "There be communism" and Jason appeared but he had nothing to do so he asked east for godly powers. East, who was tired of being god gave Jason his powers and went to rest. Jason, with his new delegacy powers said "There be Lind" and Lind appeared. East, afraid of the westerner Lind, flipped in his sleep and accidentally gave Lind godly powers and since then Jason and Lind have been fighting over stupid things until this very day.

The Myth of New Paris Many great and wonderful deeds are recorded of your state [d'artwinghsche] in our [Iasonian] histories. But none of them exceed in greatness or valor. For these histories tell of a mighty power [Ophia] which unprovoked made an expedition against the whole of Ophion and the Linden Isles. This power came fourth from the east, for in those days the east was more civilized than the west, and these was a land in front of these straits which you call the Pillars of Iason; and this land was larger than All Sass and Ophion put together and from these you might pass to the whole of the opposite continent which surrounded the true ocean; for this sea which is within the Straits of Romana is only a harbor, having a narrow entrance, but that other is a real sea, and the surrounding land may be most truly called a boundless continent. It lived in peace in the west, ignored by Ophia. Until the day in which the eastern gods, unpleased with the sacrilege in Quinn City, saw fit to rain chaos onto the realm of The Grand Duchy of New Paris. The plague of brain-consuming worms destroyed the nation. In the east Ophia loomed, preparing to invade. In the name of destroying the nonbelievers, Ophia invaded New Paris.

With the Duchy was in chaos, the war was short lived. Ophia landed on the shores of the island uncontested and raised their standards over the cities of the land. The cities of New Paris were renamed in honor of the eastern gods, blessed be them. But in a rage of fury, the west lashed out. They, the uncivilized, threatened war with the eastern lords, blessed be them. One god took measures into his own hands when the west, the devils of this world, refused to take New Paris as their own. Great storms struck Ophia and New Paris, sinking ships, drowning woman and children. The gods of the west deep bellowed out cries of their collapsed realm. One of the western gods took so much pity that he, the drowned god, took all of New Paris into his realm. He lashed out against the Ophia fleet, armies, cities, and towns, flooding them with his tears. The realm of New Paris sank into the world below, under the salty tears of the Drowned God. With the realm closer to his heart for the rest of time the drowned god returned to the deep.

The gods of the east bellowed out. Their anger reached all corners of the world. A fire roared from the mountains, sky and, rocks from the sky. The realm of New Paris was no more.

Common and formal name	Capital	Largest city	Population	Area (km2)	Languages	Government type	Multilateral organisation membership
Acnaiva – Federal Democratic Republic Of Acnaiva	Avienta	Avienta	94,204,496		Acnaviv, English	Federal Semi Presidential Republic
Greater Annecy – Republic of Greater Annecy	Hyancourt	Hayancourt	62,350,9		French, English	Unitary Parliamentary Republic	VU, USA, ISFA,
Aznazia – Federal Republic of Aznazia	Pacifica City	Crawford	98,362,797		English	Federal Constitutional Republic	ROVAA, USA, ISFA,
Belantica - United Queendoms of Belantica	Center City	Albany City	178,240,693		English,Japanese	Federal Constitutional Monarchy	USA, Rhodeve Commonwealth, ACCS, ISFA
Demitor – Union of Demitor	WorldPort	Union City	32,480,000		English, Arabic	Internationalist Federal Union	ISFA
Englean Empire	Engelberg	Berlin	132,650,998		German	Absolute Monarchy	ACCS, USA, ISFA
Kiez – Socialist Republic of Kiez	Reisaü	Port Zeitlöw	82,670,000		German, English	Socialist Republic	USA*, ISFA
Librira – People's United Republic of Librira	Libra	Nieper	100,030,200		Libriran	Socialist Republic	ISFA
Lindenholt – Kingdom of Lindenholt	Artwingen	Artwingen	72,147,148		Dutch	Parliamentary constitutional monarchy	VU, USA, ISFA,
Rhodevus – The United Sovereign Kingdoms of Rhodevus and the Imperial City of Rhode	Kingstown	Imperial City of Rhode	85,200,000		English, French, Native Rhodevan Dialects	Rubinian Monarchy	RC, USA, ISFA, ROVAA
Romaikos – Rhomaion Empire	Constantinople	Constantinople	164,231,475		Greek, Regional Languages	Absolute Monarchy	ACCS, USA, ISFA,
Seven United – Unified Damsmarian States of The Seven United	Aygon	Aygon	53,556,587		English, French, Spanish, Pizko	Constitutional Parliamentary Democracy	USA, MDAA, SOWEFTA, ISFA,
Shastara – United Kingdom of Shastara	Reisstaun	Porth Clementina	60,350,270		English, Shaelic	Constitutional monarchy	RC, USA, ISFA,
Sunrisia – Nationalist Republic of Sunrisia	Orentan	N/A	N/A		Sunrisian	Unitary Semi Presidential Constitutional Republic	MDAA, SOWEFTA.
Talvistova – Kingdom of Talvistova	Ljustad	Skalgaard	13,954,188		English, Swedish	Absolute Monarchy	USA, ACCS, ISFA,
Taoist Empire – Empire of the Tao	Ein	Ein	108,000,000	886,067	Japanese, English	Absolute Monarchy	RC, USA, ISFA,
Tyrenes – Tyrenian Empire	Ilyes	Ilyes	60,483,973		Tyren	One-party totalitarian dictatorship	ISFA