Gylian presidential election, 1961: Difference between revisions

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| country          = Gylias
| country          = Gylias
| type              = presidential
| type              = presidential
| vote_type        = Final
| vote_type        = {{abbr|FP|First preference}}
| election_date    = 22 May 1961
| election_date    = 22 May 1961
| next_election    = Gylian presidential election, 1967
| next_election    = Gylian presidential election, 1968
| next_year        = 1967
| next_year        = 1968
| turnout          = 95,2%
| turnout          = 95,2%
| image_size        = 225x225px


<!--        person 1        -->
| image1            = RedaKazan-4.jpg
| image1            = [[File:EiínDairyn(small).jpg|200x200px]]
| colour1          = ED1B34
| colour1          = DDDDDD
| nominee1          = [[Reda Kazan]]
| nominee1          = [[Eiín Dairyn]]
| party1            = {{G-PA/meta/shortname}}
| party1            = {{wpl|Independent politician|Ind}}
| popular_vote1    = 2.216.758
| popular_vote1    = 2.068.820
| percentage1      = 50,1%
| percentage1      = 51,1%


<!--        person 2        -->
| image2            = Nancy-Astor-Viscountess-Astor.jpg
| image2            = [[File:MalénaLaryn(small).jpg|200x200px]]
| colour2          = 66CCFF
| colour2          = ED1B34
| nominee2          = [[Hildegard Riese]]
| nominee2          = [[Maléna Laryn]]
| party2            = {{G-UNR/meta/shortname}}
| party2            = {{G-PA/meta/shortname}}
| popular_vote2    = 606.179
| popular_vote2    = 1.979.751
| percentage2      = 13,7%
| percentage2      = 48,9%


<!-- map -->
<!-- map -->
| map_image        = Gylias-elections-presidential-1961-final.png
| map_image        = Gylias-elections-presidential-1961-first.png
| map_caption      = Results of the final preference distribution by [[Regions of Gylias|region]]<br>{{color box|{{Independent politician/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} [[Eiín Dairyn]] {{colorbox|{{G-PA/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} [[Maléna Laryn]]
| map_caption      = Results of the first preference distribution by [[Regions of Gylias|region]]<br>{{colorbox|{{G-PA/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} [[Reda Kazan]] {{colorbox|{{G-UNR/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} [[Hildegard Riese]] {{colorbox|{{G-LU/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} [[Donatella Rossetti]] {{colorbox|#0D98BA|border=darkgray}} Junko Maruo


<!-- bottom -->
<!-- bottom -->
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| before_party      = <!-- None -->
| before_party      = <!-- None -->
| posttitle        = [[President of Gylias|President]] after election
| posttitle        = [[President of Gylias|President]] after election
| after_election    = [[Eiín Dairyn]]
| after_election    = [[Reda Kazan]]
| after_party      = <!-- {{wpl|Independent politician|Independent}} -->
| after_party      = <!-- {{G-PA/meta/shortname}} -->
}}
}}


'''Presidential elections''' were held in Gylias on 22 May 1961. They were the first presidential elections, held after the [[Constitution of Gylias|Constitution]] was adopted and the post established.
A '''presidential elections''' were held in [[Gylias]] on 22 May 1961. It was the first presidential election, held after the [[Constitution of Gylias|Constitution]] was adopted and the [[President of Gylias|post]] established.


Several well-known political and civic figures ran for office, establishing the tone and character of subsequent presidential elections. Independent candidate [[Eiín Dairyn]] unexpectedly won a plurality of first preference votes, and was elected in the final distribution, defeating the {{G-PA}}-supported [[Maléna Laryn]].
Several well-known political and civic figures ran for office, establishing the tone and character of subsequent presidential elections. [[Reda Kazan]], supported by the {{G-PA}}, unexpectedly won a majority of first preference votes, and was elected without any further distribution.


==Procedure==
==Procedure==
The election is held through {{wpl|instant-runoff voting}}.
The election was held through {{wpl|instant-runoff voting}}.


Candidates are registered with [[Elections Gylias]] in accordance with normal procedures. They could either be nominated by a [[List of political parties in Gylias|political party]] or {{wpl|electoral bloc}}, civic organisations, or self-nomination as independents.
Candidates were registered with [[Elections Gylias]] in accordance with normal procedures. They could either be nominated by a [[List of political parties in Gylias|political party]] or {{wpl|electoral bloc}}, civic organisations, or self-nomination as independents.


{{-}}
{{-}}
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! colspan="2" | Nominator
! colspan="2" | Nominator
! Office(s) held
! Office(s) held
! style="width:48%;"| Details
! style="width:40%;"| Details
|-
|-
| style="background:lavender;"| '''[[Eiín Dairyn]]'''
| style="background:lavender;"| '''[[Reda Kazan]]'''
| [[File:EiínDairyn.jpg|100px]]
| [[File:RedaKazan-4.jpg|100px]]
| style="background:{{Independent politician/meta/color}};" |
| {{wpl|Independent politician|Independent}}
| ''None''
| Campaigned on promotion of the arts and culture.
|-
| style="background:lavender;"| '''[[Maléna Laryn]]'''
| [[File:MalénaLaryn.jpg|100px]]
| style="background:{{G-PA/meta/color}};" |
| style="background:{{G-PA/meta/color}};" |
| {{G-PA}}
| {{G-PA}}
| ''None''
| ''None''
| Campaigned on promotion of [[Gender and sexuality in Gylias#Free Territories and independence|gender and sexual revolution]].
| Campaigned on promotion of culture, the arts, and [[Culture of Gylias#Luxury|socialised luxury]].
|-
|-
| style="background:lavender;"| '''[[Hildegard Riese]]'''
| style="background:lavender;"| '''[[Hildegard Riese]]'''
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| style="background:{{G-LU/meta/color}};" |
| style="background:{{G-LU/meta/color}};" |
| {{G-LU}}
| {{G-LU}}
| [[Alscia#Government|Governor]] of [[Alscia]]<br>(1908–1939)
| [[Alscia#Government|Governor]] of [[Alscia]]<br><small>(1908–1939)</small><br>Delegate to the [[Free Territories (Gylias)#The General Council|General Council]]<br><small>(1939–1958)</small><br>Member of the [[Gylian Parliament|Popular Assembly]]<br><small>(since 1958)</small>
| Campaigned as the main [[Donatellism|Donatellist]]–[[Liberalism in Gylias|liberal]] candidate.
| Campaigned as the main [[Donatellism|Donatellist]]–[[Liberalism in Gylias|liberal]] candidate.
|-
|-
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| style="background:{{G-CG/meta/color}};" |
| style="background:{{G-CG/meta/color}};" |
| {{G-CG}}
| {{G-CG}}
| Delegate to the [[Free Territories (Gylias)#The General Council|General Council]]<br>(1940–1958)<br>Member of the [[Gylian Parliament|Popular Assembly]]<br>(1958–1962)
| Chief executive of [[Gaulette]]<br><small>(1914–1939)</small><br>Delegate to the [[Free Territories (Gylias)#The General Council|General Council]]<br><small>(1940–1958)</small><br>Member of the [[Gylian Parliament|Popular Assembly]]<br><small>(since 1958)</small>
| Campaigned on promotion of {{wpl|Welfare capitalism#Welfare as a business model|industrial paternalism}}.
| Campaigned on promotion of {{wpl|Welfare capitalism#Welfare as a business model|industrial paternalism}}.
|-
|-
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!Nominator
!Nominator
!First count
!First count
!%
!Final count
!%
!%
|-
|style="background:{{Independent politician/meta/color}}"|
|style="text-align:left"|[[Eiín Dairyn]]
|style="text-align:left"|{{wpl|Independent politician|Independent}}
|1.247.756
|28,2%
|2.068.820
|51,1%
|-
|-
|style="background:{{G-PA/meta/color}}"|
|style="background:{{G-PA/meta/color}}"|
|style="text-align:left"|[[Maléna Laryn]]
|style="text-align:left"|[[Reda Kazan]]
|style="text-align:left"|{{G-PA/meta/shortname}}
|style="text-align:left"|{{G-PA/meta/shortname}}
|951.304
|2.216.758
|21,5%
|50,1%
|1.979.751
|48,9%
|-
|-
|style="background:{{G-UNR/meta/color}}"|
|style="background:{{G-UNR/meta/color}}"|
|style="text-align:left"|[[Hildegard Riese]]
|style="text-align:left"|[[Hildegard Riese]]
|style="text-align:left"|{{G-UNR/meta/shortname}}
|style="text-align:left"|{{G-UNR/meta/shortname}}
|623.878
|606.179
|14,1%
|13,7%
|-
|-
|style="background:{{G-LU/meta/color}}"|
|style="background:{{G-LU/meta/color}}"|
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|-
|-
|style="background:#0D98BA"|
|style="background:#0D98BA"|
|style="text-align:left"|[[Junko Maruo]]
|style="text-align:left"|Junko Maruo
|style="text-align:left"|[[Veterans for a Just Peace|VFJP]]
|style="text-align:left"|[[Veterans for a Just Peace|VFJP]]
|199.110
|199.110
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|1,2%
|1,2%
|-
|-
!colspan="7"|
!colspan="5"|
|-
|-
|colspan="3" style="text-align:left"|'''Total'''
|colspan="3" style="text-align:left"|'''Total'''
|'''4.424.668'''
|'''4.424.668'''
|'''100%'''
|'''4.048.571'''
|'''100%'''
|'''100%'''
|-
|-
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|}
|}


===Maps===
===Map===
{{multiple image
[[File:Gylias-elections-presidential-1961-first.png|650px|thumb|center|First count pluralities by region]]
| align    = center
| total_width = 1000
| image1  = Gylias-elections-presidential-1961-first.png
| alt1    =
| caption1 = First count pluralities by region
| image2  = Gylias-elections-presidential-1961-final.png
| alt2    =
| caption2  = Final count majorities by region
}}


===Analysis===
===Analysis===
In contrast to the [[Gylian federal election, 1958|1958 Popular Assembly election]], which used nationwide {{wpl|party-list proportional representation}}, this was the first [[Elections in Gylias#Federal elections|federal election]] to use [[Elections in Gylias#Electoral system|ranked voting]] and [[Regions of Gylias|regional]] counts, allowing for a better measurement of federal political trends.
In contrast to the [[Gylian federal election, 1958|1958 Popular Assembly election]], which used nationwide {{wpl|party-list proportional representation}}, this was the first [[Elections in Gylias#Federal elections|federal election]] to use [[Elections in Gylias#Electoral system|ranked voting]] and [[Regions of Gylias|regional]] counts, allowing for a better measurement of federal political trends.


In the first count, [[Donatella Rossetti]] won a plurality in [[Arxaþ Region|Arxaþ]] and [[Alţira Region|Alţira]], trailed by [[Hildegard Riese]] and [[Arlette Gaubert]], with the other candidates performing poorly. Commentators attributed this to "[[Alscia]]n nostalgia", with Donatella, Hildegard, and Arlette being famous representatives of the [[Alscia#The "hurried province"|"hurried province"]].  
[[Reda Kazan]]'s stature as an iconic figure of the [[Free Territories (Gylias)|Free Territories]], backed with the support of the {{G-PA}}, proved an insurmountable advantage. Her campaign themes included promotion of culture and the arts, support of [[Culture of Gylias#Luxury|socialised luxury]] as [[National Obligation period|rationing was recently abolished]], and a promise to use her stature to preserve the Free Territories' revolutionary heritage. This helped her construct a large coalition that propelled her to victory.
 
Junko Maruo performed notably well in [[Salxar Region|Salxar]] and [[Makarces Region|Makarces]], and narrowly won a plurality in [[Herlan Region|Herlan]], aided by the ongoing [[Arnak Trials]]. [[Luiza Monteira]] won a plurality in the [[Nerveiík-Iárus-Daláyk Region|Daláyk islands]], although Hildegard won [[Nerveiík-Iárus-Daláyk Region|Nerveiík-Iárus-Daláyk]] as a whole.
 
[[Eiín Dairyn]]'s strong performance was the main surprise: she won pluralities in southern Gylias and finished first overall, with 28,2% of first preference votes.
 
In the final count, Eiín generally gained transfers from Hildegard, Arlette, and Luiza's voters, while Maléna received most of the transfers from Françoise and Junko's voters. Transfers from Donatella were more evenly split, as Eiín and Maléna were equally appealing to liberal voters.


While Maléna retained most of the regions she had won in the first count, including [[Mişeyáke Region|Mişeyáke]], she crucially lost several of the largest regions to Eiín, particularly [[Nerveiík-Iárus-Daláyk Region|Nerveiík-Iárus-Daláyk]], [[Elena Region|Elena]] and [[Tomes Region|Tomes]].
Reda won pluralities or majorities in almost all [[Regions of Gylias|regions]]. The exceptions were [[Arxaþ Region|Arxaþ]] and [[Alţira Region|Alţira]], where the bulk of the vote was monopolised by [[Donatella Rossetti]], [[Hildegard Riese]], and [[Arlette Gaubert]]; [[Elena Region|Elena]], which Donatella won by a plurality; [[Herlan Region|Herlan]], where the ongoing [[Arnak Trials]] propelled the [[Veterans for a Just Peace|VFJP]]'s Junko Maruo to a plurality; and [[Nerveiík-Iárus-Daláyk Region|Nerveiík-Iárus-Daláyk]], which [[Hildegard Riese]] won by a plurality.


Notably, the northern regions of [[Salxar Region|Salxar]], [[Makarces Region|Makarces]], [[Gacar Region|Gacar]], and [[Gerşyr Region|Gerşyr]], which had given pluralities to Maléna in the first count, switched to Eiín in the final count. Although their voters leaned left generally, Maléna's [[hétaïre]] image and association with [[Culture of Gylias#Luxury|socialised luxury]] did not resonate with the largely rural and mountainous regions.
Although Reda's victory was somewhat expected, its scale surprised the public. Reda won 50,1% of first preference votes, amassing a 1,6 million vote lead over the second-placed candidate, Hildegard. She was thus elected on the first count, with no further preference distribution necessary.


{{Gylian elections}}
{{Gylian elections}}


[[Category:Gylian elections]]
[[Category:Gylian elections]]

Latest revision as of 04:59, 5 July 2022

Gylian presidential election, 1961
22 May 1961 1968 →
Turnout95,2%
  RedaKazan-4.jpg Nancy-Astor-Viscountess-Astor.jpg
Nominee Reda Kazan Hildegard Riese
Party PA UNR
FP vote 2.216.758 606.179
Percentage 50,1% 13,7%
Gylias-elections-presidential-1961-first.png
Results of the first preference distribution by region
  Reda Kazan   Hildegard Riese   Donatella Rossetti   Junko Maruo
President after election

Reda Kazan

A presidential elections were held in Gylias on 22 May 1961. It was the first presidential election, held after the Constitution was adopted and the post established.

Several well-known political and civic figures ran for office, establishing the tone and character of subsequent presidential elections. Reda Kazan, supported by the Progressive Alliance, unexpectedly won a majority of first preference votes, and was elected without any further distribution.

Procedure

The election was held through instant-runoff voting.

Candidates were registered with Elections Gylias in accordance with normal procedures. They could either be nominated by a political party or electoral bloc, civic organisations, or self-nomination as independents.

Candidates

Candidate Nominator Office(s) held Details
Reda Kazan RedaKazan-4.jpg Progressive Alliance None Campaigned on promotion of culture, the arts, and socialised luxury.
Hildegard Riese Nancy-Astor-Viscountess-Astor.jpg Union for a New Republic None Campaigned as the main conservative candidate.
Donatella Rossetti DonatellaRossetti(small).jpg Liberal Union Governor of Alscia
(1908–1939)
Delegate to the General Council
(1939–1958)
Member of the Popular Assembly
(since 1958) 		Campaigned as the main Donatellist–liberal candidate.
Arlette Gaubert ArletteGaubert1.jpg Centre Group Chief executive of Gaulette
(1914–1939)
Delegate to the General Council
(1940–1958)
Member of the Popular Assembly
(since 1958) 		Campaigned on promotion of industrial paternalism.
Françoise Chatelain FrançoiseChatelain1.jpg OMFLG–ACFEN None Campaigned on promotion of francité.
Junko Maruo JunkoMaruo.png Veterans for a Just Peace None Campaigned on Liberation War veterans' issues.
Luiza Monteira Maria Pia de Bragança 2.jpg Centre of Constitutional Monarchists None Campaigned on promotion of monarchism.

Results

Candidate Nominator First count %
Reda Kazan PA 2.216.758 50,1%
Hildegard Riese UNR 606.179 13,7%
Donatella Rossetti LU 451.316 10,2%
Arlette Gaubert CG 424.768 9,6%
Françoise Chatelain OMFLG–ACFEN 331.850 7,5%
Junko Maruo VFJP 199.110 4,5%
Luiza Monteira CCM 141.589 3,2%
Others/write-ins 53.096 1,2%
Total 4.424.668 100%
Registered voters and turnout 4.682.882 95,2%

Map

First count pluralities by region

Analysis

In contrast to the 1958 Popular Assembly election, which used nationwide party-list proportional representation, this was the first federal election to use ranked voting and regional counts, allowing for a better measurement of federal political trends.

Reda Kazan's stature as an iconic figure of the Free Territories, backed with the support of the Progressive Alliance, proved an insurmountable advantage. Her campaign themes included promotion of culture and the arts, support of socialised luxury as rationing was recently abolished, and a promise to use her stature to preserve the Free Territories' revolutionary heritage. This helped her construct a large coalition that propelled her to victory.

Reda won pluralities or majorities in almost all regions. The exceptions were Arxaþ and Alţira, where the bulk of the vote was monopolised by Donatella Rossetti, Hildegard Riese, and Arlette Gaubert; Elena, which Donatella won by a plurality; Herlan, where the ongoing Arnak Trials propelled the VFJP's Junko Maruo to a plurality; and Nerveiík-Iárus-Daláyk, which Hildegard Riese won by a plurality.

Although Reda's victory was somewhat expected, its scale surprised the public. Reda won 50,1% of first preference votes, amassing a 1,6 million vote lead over the second-placed candidate, Hildegard. She was thus elected on the first count, with no further preference distribution necessary.

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