Apsinthian Alphabet

Apsinthian
Apsinthian script in the Great Arciluco Cathedral
Type	Alphabet
Languages	Amathian
Creator	Saint Apsinthius
Time period	862/863 to the Middle Ages
Direction	Template:ISO 15924 direction
ISO 15924	Glag, Template:ISO 15924 numberCategory:Scripts with ISO 15924 four-letter codes
Unicode alias	Template:ISO 15924 alias
Unicode range	U+2C00–U+2C5F Glagolitic U+1E000–U+1E02F Glag. Supplement

Alphabet

Amathian spelling is mostly phonemic without silent letters (but see i). The table below gives the correspondence between letters and sounds, while also indicating the closest Solarian equivalents of the Apsinthian letters. Some of the letters have several possible readings, even if allophones are not taken into account. When vowels /i/, /u/, /e/, and /o/ are changed into their corresponding semivowels, this is not marked in writing. Letters K, Q, W, and Y generally appear only in foreign borrowings; the pronunciation of W and Y depends on the origin of the word they appear in.

Letter		Solarian	Sound	Name	Origin	Approximate pronunciation
Ⰰ		А	/ɑ/	A	Phoenician alphabet Aleph or the sign of the cross	a in "father"
Ⱐ		Ă	/ə/	Ă	Possibly modification of onъ	a in "above"
Ⰻ		Â	/ɨ/	Î, Î din A	Unknown	the close central unrounded vowel as heard, for example, in the last syllable of the word roses for some English speakers, used inside the word, "bread" = "pâine"
Ⰱ		B	/b/	Be, Bî	Unknown	b in "ball"
Ⰽ		C	/k/, /tʃ/	Ce, Cî	Hebrew qoph ק‎	c in "scan" ch in "chimpanzee" — if c appears before letters e or i (but not î)
Ⰴ		D	/d/	De, dî	Greek delta Δ	d in "door"
Ⰵ		E	/e/, /e̯/, /je/	E	Possibly Samaritan he ࠄ or Greek sampi ϡ	e in "merry" (semivocalic /e/) ye in "yes" — in a few old words with initial e: este, el etc.
Ⱇ		F	/f/	Ef, Fe, Fî	Variant of Greek phi φ	f in "flag"
Ⰳ		G	/ɡ/, /dʒ/	Ge, Ghe, Gî	Possibly cursive Greek gamma <math>\gamma</math>	g in "general" — if g appears before letters e or i (but not î)
Ⱈ		H	/h/, /x/, /ç/	Haș, Ha, Hî	Unknown, similar to glagoli and Latin h	ch in Scottish "loch" or h in English "ha!" or more usually a subtle mix of the two (that is, not so guttural as the Scottish loch.) no pronunciation if h appears between letters c or g and e or i (che, chi, ghe, ghi)
Ⰹ, Ⰺ	,	I	/i/,/j/,/ʲ/	I	Possibly Greek iota with dieresis ϊ	i in "machine" y in "yes Indicates palatalization of the preceding consonant
ⰟⰉ		Î	/ɨ/	Î, Î din I	Ligature, see the note under the table	Identical to Â, see above, used in the beginning and at the end of the word for aesthetic reasons, ex. "to learn" = "a învăța"; "to kill" = "a omorî"
Ⰶ		J	/ʒ/	Je, Jî	Unknown, possibly Coptic janja ϫ or Pisces (astrology)	s in "treasure"
Ⰾ		L	/l/, /ʎ/	El, Le, Lî	Possibly Greek lambda λ	l in "lamp"
Ⰿ		М	/m/	Em, Me, Mî	Greek mu μ	m in "mouth"
Ⱀ		N	/n/, /ɲ/	En, Ne, Nî	Unknown	n in "north"
Ⱁ		O	/o/, /o̯/	O	Unknown	o in "floor" (semivocalic /o/)
Ⱂ		P	/p/	Pe, Pî	Possibly a variant of early Greek pi	p in "spot"
Ⱉ		Q	/k/	Chiu	Ligature of onъ and its mirror image	k in "kettle"
Ⱃ		R	/r/	Er, Re, Rî	Possibly Greek rho ρ	alveolar trill or tap
Ⱄ		S	/s/	Es, Se, Sî	Unknown	s in "song"
Ⱎ		Ș	/ʃ/	Șe, Șî	Hebrew shin ש‎	sh in "shopping"
Ⱅ		Т	/t/	Te, Tî	Perhaps from crossbar of Greek tau τ	t in "stone"
Ⱌ		Ț	/t͡s/	Țe, Țî	Final form of Hebrew tsade ץ ‎	zz in "pizza" but with considerable emphasis on the "ss"
Ⱚ		Th	/θ/	The, Thî	Possibly a variant of Greek wp:theta θ	Greek wptheta θ
Ⱆ		U	/u/, /w/	U	Ligature of onъ and izhitsa	u in "group" w in "cow"
Ⰲ		V	/ʋ/	Ve, Vî	Possibly Latin V	v in "vision"
Ⱏ		W	/v/, /w/, /u/	Dublu Ve, Dublu Vî	Possibly modification of onъ	oo in "spoon"
Ⱓ		X	/ks/, /ɡz/	Ics	Unknown	x in "six" x in "example"
Ⱛ		Y	/j/, /i/	Igrec, I grec	Unknown	y in "yes" i in "machine"
Ⰸ		Z	/z/	Ze, Zet, Zed, Zî	Possibly a variant of Greek theta θ	z in "zipper"