National Assembly of Carloso: Difference between revisions
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| leader2_type = Deputy Speaker | | leader2_type = Deputy Speaker | ||
| leader2 = Tomás Ocanas | | leader2 = Tomás Ocanas | ||
| party2 = [[National Salvation (Carloso)| | | party2 = [[National Salvation (Carloso)|NS]] | ||
| election2 = 23 January 2017 | | election2 = 23 January 2017 | ||
| leader3_type = [[President of Carloso|President of the Executive Council]] | | leader3_type = [[President of Carloso|President of the Executive Council]] | ||
| leader3 = [[Cárlos Tobón]] | | leader3 = [[Cárlos Tobón]] | ||
| party3 = [[National Salvation (Carloso)| | | party3 = [[National Salvation (Carloso)|NS]] | ||
| election3 = 11 February 2011 | | election3 = 11 February 2011 | ||
| leader4_type = Government Chief Whip | | leader4_type = [[President of Carloso|Deputy President of the Executive Council]] | ||
| | | leader4 = [[Estebán Santander]] | ||
| | | party4 = [[National Salvation (Carloso)|NS]] | ||
| | | election4 = 11 February 2011 | ||
| | | leader5_type = Government Chief Whip | ||
| | | leader5 = Noel Sabater | ||
| | | party5 = [[National Salvation (Carloso)|NS]] | ||
| | | election5 = 5 July 2021 | ||
| | | leader6_type = Leader of the Opposition | ||
| | | leader6 = Mariah Contreras | ||
| | | party6 = [[Socialist Republicans (Carloso)|SR]] | ||
| | | election6 = 11 February 2021 | ||
| leader7_type = Opposition Chief Whip | |||
| leader7 = TBD | |||
| party7 = [[Socialist Republicans (Carloso)|SR]] | |||
| election7 = 11 February 2021 | |||
| members = 859<br>430 (or 429 plus the Speaker) for a majority | | members = 859<br>430 (or 429 plus the Speaker) for a majority | ||
| house1 = | | house1 = | ||
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*{{nowrap|{{colorbox|#000000|border=darkgray}} [[Speaker of the National Assembly (Carloso)|Speaker]] (1)}} | *{{nowrap|{{colorbox|#000000|border=darkgray}} [[Speaker of the National Assembly (Carloso)|Speaker]] (1)}} | ||
| term_length = Five years | | term_length = Five years | ||
| salary = [[Carlosian dero|D£]]44,695 annually<br><small>($97,163)</small> | |||
| voting_system1 = {{wpl|Single transferable vote}} with elimination transfers only (STV-ETO) | | voting_system1 = {{wpl|Single transferable vote}} with elimination transfers only (STV-ETO) | ||
| last_election1 = [[2020 Carlosian general election|11 November 2020]] | | last_election1 = [[2020 Carlosian general election|11 November 2020]] | ||
| next_election1 = [[2025 Carlosian general election|11 November 2025]] | | next_election1 = [[2025 Carlosian general election|11 November 2025]] | ||
| redistricting = | | redistricting = Advisory recommendations made by Constituency Commissions. | ||
| meeting_place = [[ | | meeting_place = [[Echegaray Palace]], [[Madrigal (circuit)|Madrigal]], [[Carloso]] | ||
| committees1 = {{Collapsible list|title = '''28''' | |||
| framestyle = background: transparent; border: 0; padding: 0; text-align: right; font-weight: normal; white-space: nowrap; | |||
| titlestyle = background: transparent; border: 0; padding: 0; text-align: left; font-weight: normal; white-space: nowrap; | |||
| bullets = true | |||
| Whole | |||
| Defence | |||
| Health | |||
| Foreign Affairs | |||
| Justice | |||
| Environment | |||
| Science | |||
| Religious Affairs | |||
| Energy & Natural Resources | |||
| Intelligence | |||
| Education | |||
| Carlosian Language | |||
| Business | |||
| Communications | |||
| Rules | |||
| Provincial Government | |||
| Assembly Archives | |||
| Social Affairs | |||
| Public Accounts | |||
| Statutory Instruments | |||
| Finance | |||
| Industrial Relations | |||
| Constitutional Reform | |||
| Maternal Affairs | |||
| Agriculture & Fisheries | |||
| Culture & Sport | |||
| Home Affairs | |||
| Presidential Conduct | |||
}} | |||
| website = | | website = | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Politics of Carloso}} | {{Politics of Carloso}} | ||
The '''National Assembly of Carloso''' (Spanish: ''Asamblea Nacional de Cárloso'') is the unicameral legislature of [[Carloso]]. While its current form dates to the enactment of the 1956 Constitution of Carloso, the National Assembly was founded in 1860 as the Imperial Assembly of the Carlosian Empire. | The '''National Assembly of Carloso''' (Spanish: ''Asamblea Nacional de Cárloso'') is the unicameral legislature of [[Carloso]]. It meets at [[Echegaray Palace]] in Madrigal. It is presided over by a Speaker. The National Assembly is composed of 859 deputies, known as National Assemblymen (NAs); or alternatively National Assemblywomen if the member is female, who are directly elected every five years under universal suffrage. NAs are drawn from three-member constituencies, with an extra NA allotted to the constituency which the Speaker from the previous term was elected. Vacancies are filled via by-elections, held within six months of the seat being vacated, provided it is more than year until the next general election. Elections are held on the 11 November of years divisible by five, with the new National Assembly commencing business on 11 February of the following year. All citizens over the age of 18 may vote in these elections, while candidates must be at least 30 years old by election day. A form of proportional representation is utilised, in the form of a simplified version of the single transferable vote (STV) known as the single transferable vote with elimination transfers only (STV-ETO). | ||
While its current form dates to the enactment of the 1956 Constitution of Carloso, the National Assembly was founded in 1860 as the Imperial Assembly of the Carlosian Empire. | |||
The last general election in Carloso was held in 2020. The next will be held in 2025. | The last general election in Carloso was held in 2020. The next will be held in 2025. | ||
==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
===Precursors=== | |||
From its independence in 1581, Carloso was governed as a stratocratic directorial republic, with legislative authority vested in the National Directory, a committee composed of nine members elected by the officers of Carloso's military forces. The President of the National Directory, until the tenure of Cárlos Mostodra, was considered ''{{wpl|Primus inter pares|primus inter pares}}'', with proposed legislation only needing a simple majority in the National Directory to be enacted, with no offcial have the power to veto them. | |||
===Carlosian Empire=== | ===Carlosian Empire=== | ||
{{Infobox legislature | |||
| name = Imperial Assembly of Carloso | |||
| native_name = | |||
| legislature = | |||
| house_type = {{wpl|Unicameralism|Unicameral}} | |||
| coa_pic = | |||
| coa_res = 150px | |||
| members = 301 | |||
| established = 11 February 1861 | |||
| preceded_by = | |||
| disbanded = 29 May 1932 | |||
| succeeded_by = National Assembly | |||
| session_room = | |||
| meeting_place = | |||
| voting_system1 = {{wpl|Single non-transferable vote}} (SNTV) | |||
| first_election1 = 1860 | |||
| last_election1 = 1930 | |||
| constitution = | |||
}} | |||
The original 1826 Constitution invested legislative power soley in the Imperial Council, the predecessor to the modern Executive Council. This body was led by a President, who was directly appointed and served at the pleasure of the Emperor. Any legislation passed by the Imperial Council could be approved or vetoed for any reason by the Emperor, effectively making Carloso an absolute monarchy. As the years progressed, it became apparent that such an autocratic system of government would be difficult to maintain as the increasingly more educated public called for greater participation in political life. There was also the matter of reconciliation with the hundreds of thousands of English-speaking Carlosians who had a non-existent degree of representation within the exclusively Carlosian-speaking government, compounded by the fact that many of the former British institutions and civil service had been absorbed by the new Carlosian Empire. Fearing that the present situation may result in revolution if pre-emptive action wasn't taken, President Cristián Fegúndes, supported by former President [[Baltasár Escarcega]], put forward a proposal to Cárlos I for the formation of a Westminster-inspired parliament in the form an Imperial Assembly, with 301 seats and an electorate composed of all male heads of households. | |||
Initially refusing to yield, Cárlos I ultimately yielded upon the insistence of Escarcega, convinced that there was now a need to give his rule some semblance of democratic legitimacy. Coinciding with the creation of the Imperial Assembly, English was made a co-official language of Carloso. Under the so-called 1860 Compromise, elections would be held with constituencies returning three members each, with an extra seat reserved for future elections for the constituency from which the speaker would be elected from, to make up for the loss in representation. The {{wpl|Single non-transferable vote|single non-transferable vote}} (SNTV) system would be utilised. Members of the Imperial Council would be drawn from the Imperial Assembly, however the Emperor would ultimately have the power to appoint the President of the Imperial Council, and would retain his veto on legislation. The first general election was scheduled for 11 November 1860, and the first at least partially democratically elected Imperial Assembly took their seats on 11 February 1861. Subsequent elections in 1865 through 1915 were held under similar circumstances. Shortly before his death, Sébastien I approved legislation which enfranchised all males over the age of 21, as well as all females over the age of 30 who owned property, while also changing the system to a form of the {{wpl|Multiple non-transferable vote|multiple non-transferable vote}} known as the multiple non-transferable {{wpl|Limited voting|limited vote}} (MNT-LV), introducing semi-proportional representation. In 1930, the female voting age was equalised with men at 21. | |||
Following the election of Javier Fonseca as President in 1931, there was a state of nearly constant friction between his government and [[Sébastien II of Carloso|Sébastien II]], President Fonseca having campaigned on a promise to hold a plebiscite on the future of the Carlosian monarchy, which had become historically unpopular due to the scandal surrounding the infidelity of Sébastien II's younger brother, Isander, Prince of Mercurea, as well as the imperial family's lavish lifestyle, widely perceived as excessive amidst the stagnant economic situation in Carloso. The attempt by Fonseca to pass the Status of the Empire Act 1932 through the Imperial Assembly would trigger Sébastien II's attempt to arrest him, and ultimately start the 1932 Carlosian crisis, which would ultimately end in the Emperor's abdication and the dissolution of the Carlosian Empire. | |||
===Republic=== | ===Republic=== | ||
===Federal Republic=== | ===Federal Republic=== | ||
==Salary and benefits== | |||
===Salaries and pensions=== | |||
===Travel and accommodation expenses=== | |||
===Staff and administrative expenses=== | |||
===Titles=== | |||
==Officers== | |||
==Elections== | ==Elections== | ||
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|Right-wing | |Right-wing | ||
|[[Cárlos Tobón]] | |[[Cárlos Tobón]] | ||
|{{Composition bar| | |{{Composition bar|446|859|hex=#010720}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
!style="background-color: #00326B" | | !style="background-color: #00326B" | | ||
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|{{wpl|Liberal conservatism}} | |{{wpl|Liberal conservatism}} | ||
|Centre-right | |Centre-right | ||
| | |TBD | ||
|{{Composition bar| | |{{Composition bar|22|859|hex=#00326B}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
!style="background-color: #E3BC00" | | !style="background-color: #E3BC00" | | ||
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|Centre-left | |Centre-left | ||
|Elon Básaran | |Elon Básaran | ||
|{{Composition bar| | |{{Composition bar|115|859|hex=#E3BC00}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
!style="background-color: #57000E" | | !style="background-color: #57000E" | | ||
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|Left-wing | |Left-wing | ||
|Mariah Contreras | |Mariah Contreras | ||
|{{Composition bar| | |{{Composition bar|149|859|hex=#57000E}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
!style="background-color: #000000" | | !style="background-color: #000000" | | ||
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|Far-right | |Far-right | ||
|Damián Torrero | |Damián Torrero | ||
|{{Composition bar| | |{{Composition bar|52|859|hex=#000000}} | ||
|- | |||
!style="background-color: #1B4D3E" | | |||
|Green Alternative | |||
|{{wpl|Green politics}} | |||
|Left-wing | |||
|Benjamín Lacasa | |||
|{{Composition bar|18|859|hex=#1B4D3E}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
!style="background-color: # | !style="background-color: #367588" | | ||
|[[ | |[[Republican Union (Carloso)|Republican Union]] | ||
|{{wpl| | |{{wpl|Liberal conservatism}} | ||
| | |Centre-right | ||
| | |[[Járed Felgueiras]] | ||
|{{Composition bar| | |{{Composition bar|27|859|hex=#367588}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
!style="background-color: {{Independent politician/meta/color}}" | | !style="background-color: {{Independent politician/meta/color}}" | | ||
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|''N/A'' | |''N/A'' | ||
|''N/A'' | |''N/A'' | ||
|{{Composition bar| | |{{Composition bar|30|859|hex={{Independent politician/meta/color}}}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
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==Role== | ==Role== | ||
==Committees== | ==Committees== | ||
==Proposals for reform== | |||
===Proposed upper house=== | |||
In 2019 a report presented to the Constitutional Reform Committee proposed the formation of a senate, with five senators representing each province of Carloso. | |||
==See also== | |||
{{Current NAs of Carloso}} | {{Current NAs of Carloso}} | ||
[[Category:Carloso]] | [[Category:Carloso]] |
Latest revision as of 01:05, 16 August 2024
This article is incomplete because it is pending further input from participants, or it is a work-in-progress by one author. Please comment on this article's talk page to share your input, comments and questions. Note: To contribute to this article, you may need to seek help from the author(s) of this page. |
National Assembly of the Federal Republic of Carloso | |
---|---|
44th National Assembly of Carloso | |
Type | |
Type | |
Houses | National Assembly |
Term limits | None |
Leadership | |
Jorge Moran since 11 February 2011 | |
Deputy Speaker | Tomás Ocanas, NS since 23 January 2017 |
Government Chief Whip | Noel Sabater, NS since 5 July 2021 |
Leader of the Opposition | Mariah Contreras, SR since 11 February 2021 |
Opposition Chief Whip | TBD, SR since 11 February 2021 |
Structure | |
Seats | 859 430 (or 429 plus the Speaker) for a majority |
Political groups | Government (445)
|
Committees | 28
|
Length of term | Five years |
Salary | D£44,695 annually ($97,163) |
Elections | |
Single transferable vote with elimination transfers only (STV-ETO) | |
Last election | 11 November 2020 |
Next election | 11 November 2025 |
Redistricting | Advisory recommendations made by Constituency Commissions. |
Meeting place | |
Echegaray Palace, Madrigal, Carloso |
This article is part of a series on the politics and government of the Federal Republic of Carloso |
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Related topics
|
The National Assembly of Carloso (Spanish: Asamblea Nacional de Cárloso) is the unicameral legislature of Carloso. It meets at Echegaray Palace in Madrigal. It is presided over by a Speaker. The National Assembly is composed of 859 deputies, known as National Assemblymen (NAs); or alternatively National Assemblywomen if the member is female, who are directly elected every five years under universal suffrage. NAs are drawn from three-member constituencies, with an extra NA allotted to the constituency which the Speaker from the previous term was elected. Vacancies are filled via by-elections, held within six months of the seat being vacated, provided it is more than year until the next general election. Elections are held on the 11 November of years divisible by five, with the new National Assembly commencing business on 11 February of the following year. All citizens over the age of 18 may vote in these elections, while candidates must be at least 30 years old by election day. A form of proportional representation is utilised, in the form of a simplified version of the single transferable vote (STV) known as the single transferable vote with elimination transfers only (STV-ETO).
While its current form dates to the enactment of the 1956 Constitution of Carloso, the National Assembly was founded in 1860 as the Imperial Assembly of the Carlosian Empire.
The last general election in Carloso was held in 2020. The next will be held in 2025.
Etymology
History
Precursors
From its independence in 1581, Carloso was governed as a stratocratic directorial republic, with legislative authority vested in the National Directory, a committee composed of nine members elected by the officers of Carloso's military forces. The President of the National Directory, until the tenure of Cárlos Mostodra, was considered primus inter pares, with proposed legislation only needing a simple majority in the National Directory to be enacted, with no offcial have the power to veto them.
Carlosian Empire
Imperial Assembly of Carloso | |
---|---|
Type | |
Type | |
History | |
Disbanded | 29 May 1932 |
Succeeded by | National Assembly |
Seats | 301 |
Elections | |
Single non-transferable vote (SNTV) | |
First election | 1860 |
Last election | 1930 |
The original 1826 Constitution invested legislative power soley in the Imperial Council, the predecessor to the modern Executive Council. This body was led by a President, who was directly appointed and served at the pleasure of the Emperor. Any legislation passed by the Imperial Council could be approved or vetoed for any reason by the Emperor, effectively making Carloso an absolute monarchy. As the years progressed, it became apparent that such an autocratic system of government would be difficult to maintain as the increasingly more educated public called for greater participation in political life. There was also the matter of reconciliation with the hundreds of thousands of English-speaking Carlosians who had a non-existent degree of representation within the exclusively Carlosian-speaking government, compounded by the fact that many of the former British institutions and civil service had been absorbed by the new Carlosian Empire. Fearing that the present situation may result in revolution if pre-emptive action wasn't taken, President Cristián Fegúndes, supported by former President Baltasár Escarcega, put forward a proposal to Cárlos I for the formation of a Westminster-inspired parliament in the form an Imperial Assembly, with 301 seats and an electorate composed of all male heads of households.
Initially refusing to yield, Cárlos I ultimately yielded upon the insistence of Escarcega, convinced that there was now a need to give his rule some semblance of democratic legitimacy. Coinciding with the creation of the Imperial Assembly, English was made a co-official language of Carloso. Under the so-called 1860 Compromise, elections would be held with constituencies returning three members each, with an extra seat reserved for future elections for the constituency from which the speaker would be elected from, to make up for the loss in representation. The single non-transferable vote (SNTV) system would be utilised. Members of the Imperial Council would be drawn from the Imperial Assembly, however the Emperor would ultimately have the power to appoint the President of the Imperial Council, and would retain his veto on legislation. The first general election was scheduled for 11 November 1860, and the first at least partially democratically elected Imperial Assembly took their seats on 11 February 1861. Subsequent elections in 1865 through 1915 were held under similar circumstances. Shortly before his death, Sébastien I approved legislation which enfranchised all males over the age of 21, as well as all females over the age of 30 who owned property, while also changing the system to a form of the multiple non-transferable vote known as the multiple non-transferable limited vote (MNT-LV), introducing semi-proportional representation. In 1930, the female voting age was equalised with men at 21.
Following the election of Javier Fonseca as President in 1931, there was a state of nearly constant friction between his government and Sébastien II, President Fonseca having campaigned on a promise to hold a plebiscite on the future of the Carlosian monarchy, which had become historically unpopular due to the scandal surrounding the infidelity of Sébastien II's younger brother, Isander, Prince of Mercurea, as well as the imperial family's lavish lifestyle, widely perceived as excessive amidst the stagnant economic situation in Carloso. The attempt by Fonseca to pass the Status of the Empire Act 1932 through the Imperial Assembly would trigger Sébastien II's attempt to arrest him, and ultimately start the 1932 Carlosian crisis, which would ultimately end in the Emperor's abdication and the dissolution of the Carlosian Empire.
Republic
Federal Republic
Salary and benefits
Salaries and pensions
Travel and accommodation expenses
Staff and administrative expenses
Titles
Officers
Elections
Constituencies
Single transferable vote
The system of the single transferable vote with elimination transfers only (STV-ETO) often penalises parties who field popular candidates in a constituency, as if their votes exceed the quota and they are elected, any surplus votes beyond that quota cannot be redistributed to other candidates running under that party. This resulted in the largely three-party system (Conservative, Democratic, Socialist Republican) that dominated Carlosian politics up until relatively recently. There is a fierce tradition in Carlosian politics of transfer pacts and complex political strategy in almost every constituency. If a party wishes to run two candidates in a constituency, posters and other election literature will direct voters to vote for a particular candidate depending on their geographic location. As such, the strength and discipline of the grassroots are vital to electoral success.
Carloso uses the Hare quota method.
Composition
Party | Ideology | Position | Leader | Seats | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
National Salvation | National conservatism | Right-wing | Cárlos Tobón | 446 / 859
| |
Conservative Party | Liberal conservatism | Centre-right | TBD | 22 / 859
| |
Democratic Party | Liberalism | Centre-left | Elon Básaran | 115 / 859
| |
Socialist Republicans | Democratic socialism | Left-wing | Mariah Contreras | 149 / 859
| |
Synarchist Union | Neo-fascism | Far-right | Damián Torrero | 52 / 859
| |
Green Alternative | Green politics | Left-wing | Benjamín Lacasa | 18 / 859
| |
Republican Union | Liberal conservatism | Centre-right | Járed Felgueiras | 27 / 859
| |
Independent | N/A | N/A | N/A | 30 / 859
|
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1995–2000 |
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2000–2005 |
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2005–2010 |
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2010–2015 |
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2015–2020 |
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2020–2025 |
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Role
Committees
Proposals for reform
Proposed upper house
In 2019 a report presented to the Constitutional Reform Committee proposed the formation of a senate, with five senators representing each province of Carloso.